2022年考研考博-工商管理碩士（MBA）-考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號49

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-工商管理碩士（MBA）-考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Iam（

）awareoftheneedtoobeythevalesofthecompetition

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.greatly

B.far

C.much

D.well

【答案】D

2.單選題

Asisknowntoallacountrygetsa(an)（

）fromtaxes

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.income

B.revenue

C.Rind

D.payment

【答案】B

3.單選題

兩個人數(shù)不等的班數(shù)學(xué)測驗(yàn)的平均分不相等，則能確定人數(shù)多的班。

（1）已知兩個班的平均分

（2）已知兩個班的總平均分

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.條件（1）充分，但條件（2）不充分

B.條件（2）充分，但條件（1）不充分

C.條件（1）和條件（2）單獨(dú)都不充分，但條件（1）和條件（2）聯(lián)合起來充分

D.條件（1）充分，條件（2）也充分

E.條件（1）和條件（2）單獨(dú)都不充分，條件（1）和條件（2）聯(lián)合起來也不充分

【答案】C

【解析】該題考查算術(shù)——平均值問題。

很顯然，條件1和條件2單獨(dú)不充分。

兩者聯(lián)立，設(shè)兩班人數(shù)分別為a，b，兩班平均分?jǐn)?shù)分別為m，n，兩個班的總平均分為x。

則有am+bn=(a+b)x，即：a(m-x)=b(x-n)，此時已知m，n和x，則可以確定a和b的大小關(guān)系。該題也可以利用十字交叉法作答。

4.單選題

宋、李、王、員4人均訂閱了《人民日報(bào)》《光明日報(bào)》《參考消息》《文匯報(bào)》中的兩種報(bào)紙，每種報(bào)紙均有兩人訂閱，且各人訂同的均不完全相同，另外，還知道：

(1)如果吳至少訂閱了《光明日報(bào)》《參考消息》中的一種，則李訂閱了《人民日報(bào)》，而王未訂閱《光明日報(bào)》；

(2)如果李、王兩人中至多有一-人訂閱了《文匯報(bào)》，則宋、吳均訂閔了《人民日報(bào)》。

如果李訂閱了《人民日報(bào)》，則可以得出以下哪項(xiàng)?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.宋訂閱了《文匯報(bào)》

B.宋訂閱了《人民日報(bào)》

C.王訂閱了《參考消息》

D.吳訂閱了《參考消息》

E.吳訂閱了《人民日報(bào)》

【答案】C

【解析】1~李定了人民，題干說每種報(bào)紙只能有兩人訂閱，所以宋吳沒定人民，→非（宋且吳）=非宋or非吳，至少有一人定了人民日報(bào)，→李王定了文匯報(bào)，排除abe，

2~人民日報(bào)在宋吳中，王只能訂閱參考消息。

5.單選題

“Theword‘protection’isnolongertaboo(禁忌語)”.Thisshortsentence,utteredbyFrenchPresidentNicolasSarkozylastmonth,mayhavelaunchedaneweraineconomichistory.Why?Fordecades,Westernleadershavebelievedthatloweringtradebarriersandtariffswasanaturalgood.Doingso,theyreasoned,wouldleadtogreatereconomicefficiencyandproductivity,whichinturnwouldimprovehumanwelfare.Championingfreetradethusbecameamoral,notjustaneconomic,cause.

Theseleaders,ofcourse,weren’tactingoutofunselfishness.Theyknewtheireconomieswerethemostcompetitive,sothey’dprofitmostfromliberalization.AnddevelopingcountriesfearedthattheireconomieswouldbeswampedbysuperiorWesternproductivity.Today,however,thetableshaveturned---thoughfewacknowledgeit.TheWestcontinuestopreachfreetrade,butpracticesitlessandless.Asian,meanwhile,continuestopleadforspecialprotectionbutpracticesmoreandmorefreetrade.

That’swhySarkozy’swordsweresoimportant:hefinallyinjectedsomehonestyintothetradedebates.ThetruthisthatlargepartsoftheWestarelosingfaithintreetrade,thoughfewleadersadmitit.Someeconomistsaremorehonest.PaulKrugmanisoneofthefewwillingtoacknowledgethatprotectionistargumentsarereturning.Intheshortrun,therewillbewinnersandlosersunderfreetrade.This,ofcourse,iswhatcapitalismisallabout.ButmoreandmoreoftheseloserswillbeintheWest,EconomistsinthedevelopedworldusedtolovequotingJonophSchumpeter,whosaidthat‘creativedestruction”wasanessentialpartofcapitalistgrowth.Buttheyalwaysassumedthatdestructionwouldhappenoverthere.WhenWesternworkersbeganlosingjobs,suddenlytheirleadersbegantolosefaithintheirprinciples,Thingshaveyettoreversecompletely.Butthere’sclearlyanegativetrendinaWesterntheoryandpractice.

Alittlehypocrisy(虛偽)isnotinitselfaseriousproblem.TherealproblemisthatWesterngovernmentscontinuetoinsistthattheyretaincontrolofthekeyglobaleconomicandfinancialinstitutionswhiledriftingawayfromgloballiberalization.Lockatwhat’shappeningattheIMF(InternationalMonetaryFund).TheEuropeanshavedemandedthattheykeepthepostofmanagingdirector.Butalltoooften,Westernofficialsputtheirowninterestsaboveeveryoneelse’swhentheydominatetheseglobalinstitutions.

ThetimehasthereforecomefortheAsians-whoareclearlythenewwinnersintoday’sglobaleconomy-toprovidemoreintellectualleadershipinsupportingfreetrade:Sadly,theyhaveyettodoso.UnlessAsiansspeakout,however,there’sarealdangerthatAdamSmith’sprinciples,whichhavebroughtsomuchgoodtotheworld,couldgraduallydie.Andthatwouldleaveallofus,worseoff,inonewayoranother.

1.Itcanbeinferredthat“protection”(Line1,Para.1)means（

）.

2.TheWesternleaderspreachfreetradebecause

（

）.

3.By“thetableshaveturned”(Line3-4,Para.2)theauthorimpliesthat

（

）.

4.TheWesterneconomiesusedtoliketheideaof“creativedestruction”becauseit

（

）.

5.Theauthoruses“IMF”wasanexampletoillustratethepointthat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.improvingeconomicefficiency.

B.endingthefree-tradepractice

C.loweringmoralstandard

D.raisingtradetariffs

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.itisbeneficialtotheireconomies

B.itissupportedbydevelopingcountries

C.itmakesthemkeepfaithintheirprinciples

D.itisadvocatedbyJosephSchumpeterandAdamSmith

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theWesternleadershaveturnedself-centered

B.theAsianleadershavebecomeadvocatesoffreetrade

C.thedevelopedeconomieshaveturnedlesscompetitive

D.thedevelopingeconomieshavebecomemoreindependent

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.setalong-termratherthanshort-turngoal

B.wasanessentialpartofcapitalistdevelopment

C.containedapositiveratherthannegativementality

D.wasmeanttobethedestructionofdevelopingeconomies

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Europeanleadersarereluctanttoadmittheyarehypocritical

B.thereisaninconsistencybetweenWesterntheoryandpractice

C.globalinstitutionsarenotbeingledbytrueglobalizationadvocates

D.Europeancountries’interestsarebeingignoredbyeconomicleaders

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.本題主要考查的是大綱規(guī)定的第四個閱讀考點(diǎn):根據(jù)上下文推斷重要生詞或詞組的含義

根據(jù)題干信息可定位在一段1句。該句提到：protection一詞不再是禁忌語了。換句話說,protection一詞以前一直是被人們所忌諱的。從一段4句可知：幾十年來,西方領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人一直堅(jiān)信降低貿(mào)易壁壘和關(guān)稅是自然而然的好事。既然protection以前一直是禁忌語,那么自然就不是好事。由此可見,protection的含義應(yīng)該與降低貿(mào)易壁壘和關(guān)稅呈對立關(guān)系。D選項(xiàng)“提高貿(mào)易關(guān)稅”與原文中的loweringtradebannersandtariffs(降低貿(mào)易壁壘和關(guān)稅)在含義上正好相反,符合題意,故D選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

2.本題主要考查的是大綱規(guī)定的第二個閱讀考點(diǎn):理解文中的具體信息

根據(jù)題干信息可定位至一段6句。該句指出西方領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人捍衛(wèi)自由貿(mào)易,并將其當(dāng)作一項(xiàng)道德事業(yè)。而二段1句提出這“并非出于大公無私”,其真正的原因可追溯到二段2句,該句提到西方國家會從自由貿(mào)易中獲得最多的利益。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意，為正確答案。

3.本題主要考查的是大綱規(guī)定的第五個閱讀考點(diǎn):進(jìn)行一定的判斷和推理

根據(jù)題干信息可定位在二段4句。該句指出如今的形勢已經(jīng)發(fā)生了逆轉(zhuǎn)?？梢?此處承接上文,對其進(jìn)行否定。本段2句提到:發(fā)達(dá)國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)最具競爭力,因此會從自由貿(mào)易中獲得最多的利益。所以可以推斷,此處的逆轉(zhuǎn)指的是發(fā)達(dá)國家經(jīng)濟(jì)的競爭力由大到小的轉(zhuǎn)變。因此,C選項(xiàng)符合題意,為正確答案。

4.本題主要考查的是大綱規(guī)定的第五個閱讀考點(diǎn):進(jìn)行一定的判斷和推理

根據(jù)題干信息定位在三段8句。該句提到:“創(chuàng)造性毀滅”是資本主義發(fā)展的必要組成部分。之后9句陳述了他們喜歡引用此名言的原因,即他們總是假設(shè)毀滅(即,經(jīng)濟(jì)的破壞)應(yīng)該發(fā)生在對方身上。根據(jù)上下文判斷,9句中的overthere(對方)應(yīng)該是指與發(fā)達(dá)國家相對的發(fā)展中國家。因此,D選項(xiàng)是對原文的合理推斷,符合題意,為正確答案。

5.本題主要考查的是大綱規(guī)定的第五個閱讀考點(diǎn):進(jìn)行一定的判斷和推理

根據(jù)題干信息定位在四段3句。該句及4、5句列舉了IMF(國際貨幣基金組織)面臨的窘境:歐洲國家要求擔(dān)任領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人;而西方官員在控制這些全球機(jī)構(gòu)時,總是會出現(xiàn)將自己的利益凌駕于他人利益之上的情形。該例子出現(xiàn)在2句之后,它們之間是例證關(guān)系。2句指出:西方政府在漸漸背離全球貿(mào)易自由化的同時,卻仍然堅(jiān)持對重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)和金融機(jī)構(gòu)的控制權(quán)?？梢?作者用IMF的事例是為了說明“背離全球貿(mào)易自由化的西方國家仍然控制著主要機(jī)構(gòu)”,C選項(xiàng)符合題意,為正確選項(xiàng)。

6.單選題

Itisunimaginableforsomeoneinsuchahigh（

）inthegovernmenttobehavesobadlyinpublic.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.situation

B.position

C.profession

D.appointment

【答案】B

7.單選題

Manypeopletalkedofthe288,000newjobstheLaborDepartmentreportedforJune,alongwiththedropintheunemploymentrateto6.1percent,asgoodnews.Andtheywereright.Fornowitappearstheeconomyiscreatingjobsatadecentpace.Westillhavealongwaytogotogetbacktofullemployment,butatleastwearenowfinallymovingforwardatafasterpace.

However,thereisanotherimportantpartofthejobspicturethatwaslargelyoverlooked.Therewasabigjumpinthenumberofpeoplewhorepotvoluntarilyworkingpart-time.Thisfigureisnow830,000(4.4percent)aboveitsyearagolevel.

BeforeexplainingtheconnectiontotheObamacare,itisworthmakinganimportantdistinction.Manypeoplewhoworkpart-timejobsactuallywantfull-timejobs.Theytakepart-timeworkbecausethisisalltheycanget.Anincreaseininvoluntarypart-timeworkisevidenceofweaknessinthelabormarketanditmeansthatmanypeoplewillbehavingaveryhardtimemakingendsmeet.

Therewasanincreaseininvoluntarypart-timeinJune,butthegeneraldirectionhasbeendown.Involuntarypart-timeemploymentisstillfarhigherthanbeforetherecession,butitisdownby640,000(7.9percent)fromisyearagolevel.

Weknowthedifferencebetweenvoluntaryandinvoluntarypart-timeemploymentbecausepeopletellus.ThesurveyusedbytheLaborDepartmentaskspeopleiftheyworkedlessthan35hoursinthereferenceweek.Iftheansweris“yes”,theyareclassifiedasworkedlessthan35hoursinthatweekbecausetheywantedtoworklessthanfulltimeorbecausetheyhadnochoice.Theyareonlyclassifiedasvoluntarypart-timeworkersiftheytellthesurveytakertheychosetoworklessthan35hoursaweek.

Theissueofvoluntarypart-timerelatestoObamacarebecauseoneofthemainpurposeswastoallowpeopletogetinsuranceoutsideofemployment.Formanypeople,especiallythosewithserioushealthconditionsorfamilymemberswithserioushealthconditions,beforeObamacaretheonlywaytogetinsurancewasthroughajobthatprovidedhealthinsurance.

However,Obamacarehasallowedmorethan12millionpeopletoeithergetinsurancethroughMedicaidortheexchanges.Thesearepeoplewhomaypreviouslyhavefelttheneedtogetafull-timejobthatprovidedinsuranceinordertocoverthemselvesandtheirfamilies.WithObamacarethereisnolongeralinkbetweenemploymentandinsurance.

1.Whichpartofthejobspictureareneglected?

2.Manypeopleworkpart-timebecausethey（

）.

3.Involuntarypart-timeemploymentintheUS

（

）.

4.ItcanbelearnedthatwithObamacare,

（

）.

5.Thetextmainlydiscusses（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theprospectofathrivingjobmarket.

B.Theincreaseofvoluntarypart-timemarket.

C.Thepossibilityoffullemployment.

D.Theaccelerationofjobcreation.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.preferpart-timejobstofull-timejobs.

B.feelthatisenoughtomakeendsmeet.

C.cannotgettheirhandsonfull-timejobs.

D.haven'tseentheweaknessofthemarket.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.ishardertoacquirethanoneyearago.

B.showsageneraltendencyofdecline.

C.satisfiestherealneedofthejobless.

D.islowerthanbeforetherecession.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.itisnolongereasyforpart-timerstogetinsurance

B.employmentisnolongerapreconditiontogetinsurance

C.itisstillchallengingtogetinsuranceforfamilymembers

D.full-timeemploymentisstillessentialforinsurance

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.employmentintheUS

B.part-timerclassification

C.insurancethroughMedicaid

D.Obamacare'strouble

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段首句就說到了“thereisanotherimportantpartofthejobspicturethatwaslargelyoverlooked”，就業(yè)形勢的一個重要部分被忽視了，正好對應(yīng)題干內(nèi)容。往下文找到被忽視的部分就是“”由題干關(guān)鍵詞jobspicture“就業(yè)形勢”定位到文章第二段首句“Therewasabigjumpinthenumberofpeoplewhoreportvoluntarilyworkingpart-time”，自愿兼職的人數(shù)大量增加，對應(yīng)B選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干中出現(xiàn)了because，可知需要找原因。由關(guān)鍵詞manypeopleworkpart-timejob定位到文章第三段第三句“Theytakepart-timeworkbecausethisisalltheycanget”，原因是“他們只能找到這樣的工作”，也就是他們無法找到全職工作。對應(yīng)C選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由“Involuntarypart-timejobemployment”定位到文章第四段。第一句說到“Therewasanincreaseininvoluntarypart-timeinJune,butthegeneraldirectionhasbeendown”，6月份非自愿兼職人數(shù)有所增加，但總體趨勢有所下降。B選項(xiàng)“呈現(xiàn)出總體下降的趨勢”正符合此意。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。Obamacare出現(xiàn)在文章第六段和第七段，“withObamacare”出現(xiàn)在第七段第三句“WithObamacarethereisnolongeralinkbetweenemploymentandinsurance”，有了奧巴馬醫(yī)改，就業(yè)和保險之間就不再有聯(lián)系了，因此B選項(xiàng)“就業(yè)不再是獲得保險的先決條件”符合文意。

5.主旨大意題。文章第一、二段就以轉(zhuǎn)折遞進(jìn)講述了就業(yè)形勢的一個重要方面被忽略，下文圍繞這個方面展開，因此本文主要談?wù)摰氖敲绹蜆I(yè)方面的問題。A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

8.單選題

Officejobsareamongthepositionshardesthitbycomputation(計(jì)算機(jī)自動化).Wordprocessorsandtypistswillloseabout93,000jobsoverthenextfewyears,while57,000secretarialjobswillvanish.BlamethePC:Today,manyexecutivestypetheirownmemosandcarrythere”secretaries”inthepalmsoftheirhands.Timeisalsohardforstockclerks,whoseranksareexpectedtodecreaseby68,000.Andemployeesinmanufacturingfirmsandwholesalersarebeingreplacedwithcomputerizedsystems.

Butnoteveryonewholosesajobwillendupintheunemploymentline.Manywillshifttogrowingpositionswithintheirowncompanies.Whennewtechnologiesshookupthetelecommbusiness,telephoneoperatorJudyDoughertypursuedretraining.Sheisnowacommunicationstechnician,earningabout$64,000peryear.Ofcourse,ifyou’vebeenatollboothcollectorforthepast30years,andyoufindyourselfreplacedbyanE-ZPassmachine,itmaybeoflittleconsolation(安慰)toknowthatthetelecomfieldisbooming.

Andthat’sjustit:Theserviceeconomyisfading:welcometotheexpertise(專門知識)economy.Tosucceedinthenewjobmarket,youmustbeabletohandlecomplexproblems.Indeed,allbutoneofthe50highest-payingoccupations---air-trafficcontroller---demandatleastabachelor’sdegree.

Forthosewithjustahighschooldiploma(畢業(yè)證書).It’sgoingtogettoughertofindawell-payingjob.Sincefewerfactoryandclericaljobswillbeavailable.what’sleftbethejobsthatcomputationscan’tkill,computerscantcleanoffices,orforAlzheimer’spatients(老年癡呆病人).But,sincemostpeoplehavetheskillstofillthosepositions,thewagesstaypainfullylow,meaningcomputationcoulddriveanevendeeperwedge(楔子)betweentheandpoor,Thebestadvicenow,Neverstoplearning,andkeepupwithnewtechnology.

Forbusyadultsofcoursethatcanbetough,Thegoodnewsisthatverytechnologythat’sreducingsomanyjobsisamakingiteasiertogobacktoschoolwithouthavingtositinaclassroom.Socalledinternetdistancelearningishot,withmorethanthreemillionstudentscurrentlyenrolled,andit’sgainingcredibilitywithemployers.

Areyouatriskoflosingyourjobtoacomputer?CheckthefederalBureauofLaborStatistics’OccupationalOutlookHandbook,whichisavailableonlineat.

1.FromthefirstparagraphwecaninferthatallofthefollowingpersonsareeasilythrownintounemploymentEXCEPT（

）.

2.Inthesecondparagraphtheanthermentionsthetollboothcollectorto

（

）.

3.Bysaying“...computationcoulddriveanevendeeperwedgebetweentherichandpoor”(line5.Para4)theauthormean

（

）.

4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardscomputers？

5.Whichofthefollowingmightserveasthebesttitleofpassage？

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.secretaries

B.stockclerks

C.managers

D.wholesalers

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.meanhewillgetbenefitsfromthetelecommfled

B.showheistoooldtoshifttoanewposition

C.consolehimonhavingbeenreplacedbyamachine

D.blamethePCforhisunemployment

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.peoplearegettingricherandricher

B.therewillbeasmallgapbetweenrichandpoor

C.thegapbetweenrichandpoorisgettinglargeranlarger

D.it’stimetocloseupbegapbetweentherichandpoor

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.positive

B.negative

C.neutral

D.prejudiced

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.BlamingthePC

B.Theboomingtelecommfield

C.Internetdistanceleaning

D.Keepingupwithcomputation

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.本題主要考查的是大綱規(guī)定的第二個閱讀考點(diǎn):理解文中的具體信息

根據(jù)題干信息定位至第一段。第一段提到其工作很容易被電腦取代的人或職業(yè)為:wordprocessors,typists,secretarialjobs,stockclerks,employeesinmanufacturingfirms,wholesalers。A、B、D選項(xiàng)位列其中,而C選項(xiàng)沒有提及。C選項(xiàng)managers與首段3句中的executives含義相似,該詞的出現(xiàn)是為了說明主管利用計(jì)算機(jī)為自己工作,并非意指失業(yè),故C選項(xiàng)符合題意,為正確答案。

2.本題主要考查的是大綱規(guī)定的第五個閱讀考點(diǎn):進(jìn)行一定的判斷和推理

根據(jù)題干信息定位至二段5句。該段首先以朱迪經(jīng)過培訓(xùn)實(shí)現(xiàn)了再就業(yè)為例說明主旨句的觀點(diǎn):并不是所有失業(yè)的人都會下崗,許多人會轉(zhuǎn)向其所在公司內(nèi)部更有發(fā)展前途的職位。緊接著提到本題考查的舉例,并且用“Ofcourse”連接,由此可見作者試圖用朱迪的事例證明30多年從事收費(fèi)員工作的人可能很難再接受培訓(xùn),也很難轉(zhuǎn)崗了。30年暗示了年齡是造成下崗的原因。B選項(xiàng)符合題意,為正確答案。

3.本題主要考查的是大綱規(guī)定的第二個閱讀考點(diǎn):理解文中的具體信息

根據(jù)題干將信息定位在第四段。從該段前四句可知,只有高中文憑的人很難找到工作,因?yàn)橛?jì)算機(jī)自動化的發(fā)展使得工廠和辦公室的職位越來越少,而剩下的那些計(jì)算機(jī)應(yīng)付不了的工作,幾乎人人都可以勝任,所以工資非常低。且該段4句指出這意味著計(jì)算機(jī)自動化會進(jìn)一步拉大貧富差距,而不是縮小。C選項(xiàng)“貧富差距將越來越大”符合題意,為正確答案。

4.本題主要考查的是大綱規(guī)定的第六個閱讀考點(diǎn):理解作者的意圖觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度

根據(jù)題干信息縱觀全文。作者在前兩段描述了計(jì)算機(jī)自動化的發(fā)展給人們帶來的失業(yè)問題,而后的四段作者對此提出了積極的建議和措施,比如在四段5句,作者明確指出永遠(yuǎn)不要停止學(xué)習(xí)的腳步,要緊跟新技術(shù)發(fā)展的步伐,同時在五段中,作者提到計(jì)算機(jī)自動化的發(fā)展促使網(wǎng)絡(luò)遠(yuǎn)程教育的興起,這都說明作者對計(jì)算機(jī)自動化是持積極態(tài)度的,A選項(xiàng)符合題意,故正確,也由此可排除B選項(xiàng)和D選項(xiàng)。而C選項(xiàng)Neutral(中立的)表示既不反對也不支持,與作者所闡述的內(nèi)容不符,故亦可排除。

5.本題主要考查的是大綱規(guī)定的第一個閱讀考點(diǎn):理解主旨要義

根據(jù)題干信息縱觀全文。文章首段先介紹了計(jì)算機(jī)使很多人失業(yè)的事實(shí),第二段用But轉(zhuǎn)移了話題,將重點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)向描述暫時失去工作的人經(jīng)過再培訓(xùn)還可以重新就業(yè)的事實(shí),接著在后四段給出建議和措施以應(yīng)對計(jì)算機(jī)自動化的發(fā)展,尤其在四段4句明確指出:Neverstoplearning,andkeepupwithnewtechnology。由此可見本文的主旨是不斷學(xué)習(xí),跟上新技術(shù)發(fā)展的步伐就不會受到新技術(shù)的威脅。D選項(xiàng)符合題意,故正確。

9.單選題

Thateveryone’stoobusythesedaysisacliché.Butonespecificcomplaintismadeespeciallymournfully：There’sneveranytimetoread.

Whatmakestheproblemthornieristhattheusualtime-managementtechniquesdon’tseemsufficient.Theweb’sfullofarticlesofferingtipsonmakingtimetoread:“GiveupTV”or“Carryabookwithyouatalltimes”Butinmyexperience,usingsuchmethodstofreeuptheodd30minutesdoesn’twork.Sitdowntoreadandtheflywheelofwork-relatedthoughtskeepsspinning-orelseyou’resoexhaustedthatachallengingbook’sthelastthingyouneed.Themodernmind,TimParks,anovelistandcritic,writes,“isoverwhelminglyinclinedtowardcommunication…Itisnotsimplythatoneisinterrupted;itisthatoneisactuallyinclinedtointerruption”.Deepreadingrequiresnotjusttime,butaspecialkindoftimewhichcan’tbeobtainedmerelybybecomingmoreefficient.

Infact,“becomingmoreefficient”ispartoftheproblem.Thinkingoftimeasaresourcetobemaximizedmeansyouapproachitinstrumentally,judginganygivenmomentaswellspentonlyinsofarasitadvancesprogresstowardsomegoalimmersivereading,bycontrast,dependsonbeingwillingtoriskinefficiency,goallessness,eventime-wasting.Trytoslotitasato-dolistitemandyou’llmanageonlygoal-focusedreading-useful,sometimes,butnotthemostfulfillingkind.“Thefuturecomesatuslikeemptybottlesalonganunstoppableandnearlyinfiniteconveyorbelt,”writesGaryEberleinhisbookSacredTime,and“wefeelapressuretofillthesedifferent-sizedbottles(days,hours,minutes)astheypass,foriftheygetbywithoutbeingfilled,wewillhavewastedthem”.Nomind-setcouldbeworseforlosingyourselfinabook.

Sowhatdoeswork?Perhapssurprisingly,schedulingregulartimesforreading.You’dthinkthismightfueltheefficiencymind-set,butinfact,Eberlenotes,suchritualisticbehaviorhelpsus“stepoutsidetime’sflow”into“soultime”.Youcouldlimitdistractionsbyreadingonlyphysicalbooks,oronsingle-purposee-readers.“Carryabookwithyouatalltimes”canactuallywork,too-providingyoudipinoftenenough,sothatreadingbecomesthedefaultstatefromwhichyoutemporarilysurfacetotakecareofbusiness,beforedroppingbackdown.Onareallygoodday,itnolongerfeelsasifyou’re“makingtimetoread,”butjustreading,andmakingtimeforeverythingelse.

1.Theusualtime-managementtechniquesdon’tworkbecause（

）.

2.The“emptybottles”metaphorillustratesthatpeoplefeelapressureto（

）.

3.Eberlewouldagreethatschedulingregulartimesforreadinghelps

（

）.

4.“Carryabookwithyouatalltimes”canworkif

（

）.

5.Thebesttitleforthistextcouldbe（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whattheycanofferdoesnoteasethemodernmind

B.whatchallengingbooksdemandisrepetitivereading

C.whatpeopleoftenforgetiscarryingabookwiththem

D.whatdeepreadingrequirescannotbeguaranteed

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.updatetheirto-dolists

B.makepassingtimefulfilling

C.carrytheirplansthrough

D.pursuecarefreereading

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.encouragetheefficiencymind-set

B.developonlinereadinghabits

C.promoteritualisticreading

D.achieveimmersivereading

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.readingbecomesyourprimarybusinessoftheday

B.allthedailybusinesshasbeenpromptlydealtwith

C.youareabletodropbacktobusinessafterreading

D.timecanbeevenlysplitforreadingandbusiness

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.HowtoEnjoyEasyReading

B.HowtoFindTimetoRead

C.HowtoSetReadingGoals

D.HowtoReadExtensively

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞“theusualtime-managementtechniques”出現(xiàn)在文章第二段，題干中說的don’twork是針對reading，第二段最后指出了根本原因“Deepreadingrequiresnotjusttime,butaspecialkindoftimewhichcan’tbeobtainedmerelybybecomingmoreefficient”，深度閱讀不僅需要時間，而且需要一種特殊的時間，這是不能僅僅通過提高效率來獲得的。換句話說，深度閱讀需要的特殊事件沒有辦法得到保證，因此才會說常規(guī)的時間管理技巧不奏效。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。emptybottles出現(xiàn)在文章第三段第五句中，后面說到“wefeelapressuretofillthesedifferent-sizedbottles(days,hours,minutes)astheypass,foriftheygetbywithoutbeingfilled,wewillhavewastedthem”，當(dāng)這些不同大小的瓶子(幾天、幾小時、幾分鐘)被裝滿時，我們會感到一種壓力，因?yàn)槿绻鼈儧]有被裝滿，我們就是浪費(fèi)了它們。引用Eberle的這句話說明讓人們感覺到壓力的是“不虛度任何時間”或“填滿所有流逝的時間”。B選項(xiàng)“填滿流逝的時間”正好與之相符合。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第四段中提到了題干相關(guān)信息“suchritualisticbehaviorhelpsus‘stepoutsidetime’sflow’into‘soultime’”,such指代上文中提到的“schedulingregulartimesforreading”，說到這樣的慣性閱讀行為有助于進(jìn)入“靈魂時間”，對應(yīng)第三段第三句可知，“靈魂時間”就是指immersivereading沉浸式閱讀。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞出現(xiàn)雜文章第四段第五句，破折號后providing即對應(yīng)題干中的if，因此這個前提就是“youdipinoftenenough,sothatreadingbecomesthedefaultstatefromwhichyoutemporarilysurfacetotakecareofbusiness,beforedroppingbackdown”，應(yīng)經(jīng)常沉浸在閱讀之中，讓閱讀稱為thedefaultstate（默認(rèn)狀態(tài)），其他事務(wù)只要你臨時抽身處理，完成后馬上沖洗沉浸入閱讀中。也就是說，閱讀應(yīng)該稱為日常事務(wù)之首，A選項(xiàng)與這一點(diǎn)相符合。

5.主旨大意題。本文開頭第一段以“轉(zhuǎn)折+遞進(jìn)”手法引出本文話題“沒有時間閱讀”，這一點(diǎn)與B選項(xiàng)“如何找到時間閱讀”相符合，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

10.寫作題

論說文

我國著名實(shí)業(yè)家穆藕初在《實(shí)業(yè)與教育之關(guān)系》中指出，教育之重點(diǎn)在道德教育（如責(zé)任心和公共心之養(yǎng)成，機(jī)械心之拔除）和科學(xué)教育（如觀察力，推論力，判斷力之養(yǎng)成）。完全受此兩種教育，實(shí)業(yè)界中堅(jiān)人物可成。

【答案】學(xué)者的責(zé)任【解析】題目為觀點(diǎn)分析型題目，有兩個核心詞（道德教育與科學(xué)教育）。由材料可知，道德教育與科學(xué)教育缺一不可，可以用統(tǒng)一型題目和結(jié)構(gòu)來寫，即“道德教育與科學(xué)教育”可共存/可統(tǒng)一/相輔相成/辯證統(tǒng)一

11.單選題

Itisestimatedthat，currently,about50，000speciesbecome（

）everyyear.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.extinct

B.instinct

C.distinct

D.intense

【答案】A

12.單選題

Theeldestson（

）allthefamilymemberstodiscusshowtocelebratethe50thweddinganniversaryoftheirparents.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Clustered

B.resembled

C.assembled

D.rendered

【答案】C

13.單選題

某劇團(tuán)擬將歷史故事“鴻門宴”搬上舞臺，該劇有項(xiàng)王、沛公、項(xiàng)伯、張良、項(xiàng)莊、樊噲、范增7個主要角色，甲、乙、丙、丁、戊、己、庚7名演員，每人只能扮演其中一個，且每個角色只能由其中一人扮演。根據(jù)各演員的特點(diǎn)，角色安排如下：

（1）如果甲不扮演沛公，則乙扮演項(xiàng)王。

（2）如果丙或己扮演張良，則丁扮演范增。

（3）如果乙不扮演項(xiàng)王，則丙扮演張良。

（4）如果丁不扮演樊噲，則庚或戊扮演沛公。

1.根據(jù)上述信息，可以得出以下哪項(xiàng)？

2.若甲扮演沛公而庚扮演項(xiàng)莊，則可以得出以下哪項(xiàng)？

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.甲扮演沛公

B.乙扮演項(xiàng)王

C.丙扮演張良

D.丁扮演范增

E.戊扮演樊噲

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.丙扮演項(xiàng)伯

B.丙扮演范增

C.丁扮演項(xiàng)伯

D.戊扮演張良

E.戊扮演樊噲

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)題干若“乙不扮演項(xiàng)王”根據(jù)（1）后假推前假得到甲扮演沛公，根據(jù)（3）前真推后真得到丙扮演張良，再根據(jù)（2）前真推后真得到丁扮演范增，再根據(jù)（4）前真推后真得到庚或者戊扮演沛公，這與甲扮演沛公，相矛盾。所以乙扮演項(xiàng)王。

2.根據(jù)“甲扮演沛公”結(jié)合（4）后假推前假，得到丁扮演樊噲，再結(jié)合（2）后假推前假得到丙和己都不扮演張良，結(jié)合（3）后假推前假，得到乙扮演項(xiàng)王。進(jìn)而得到戊扮演張良。應(yīng)試策略：有自己的題干，從自己的題干入手。

14.單選題

Johnsaysthathispresentjobdoesnotprovidehimwithenough（

）forhisorganizingability.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.scope

B.space

C.capacity

D.range

【答案】B

15.單選題

Today,widespreadsocialpressuretoimmediatelygotocollegeinconjunctionwithincreasinglyhighexpectationsinafast-movingworldoftencausesstudentstocompletelyoverlookthepossibilityoftakingagapyear.Afterall,ifeveryoneyouknowisgoingtocollegeinthefall,itseemssillytostaybackayear,doesn'tit?Andaftergoingtoschoolfor12years,itdoesn'tfeelnaturaltospendayeardoingsomethingthatisn’tacademic.

Butwhilethismaybetrue,it’snotagoodenoughreasontocondemngapyears.There'salwaysaconstantfearoffallingbehindeveryoneelseonthesociallyperpetuated“racetothefinishline,”whetherthatbetowardgraduateschool,medicalschoolorlucrativecareer.Butdespitecommonmisconceptions,agapyeardoesnothinderthesuccessofacademicpursuits－infact,itprobablyenhancesit.

StudiesfromtheUnitedStatesandAustraliashowthatstudentswhotakeagapyeararegenerallybetterpreparedforandperformbetterincollegethanthosewhodonot.Ratherthanpullingstudentsback,agapyearpushesthemaheadbypreparingthemforindependence,newresponsibilitiesandenvironmentalchanges－allthingsthatfirst-yearstudentsoftenstrugglewiththemost.Gapyearexperiencescanlessentheblowwhenitcomestoadjustingtocollegeandbeingthrownintoabrandnewenvironment,makingiteasiertofocusonacademicsandactivitiesratherthanacclimationblunders.

Ifyou'renotconvincedoftheinherentvalueintakingayearofftoexploreinterests,thenconsideritsfinancialimpactonfutureacademicchoices.AccordingtotheNationalCenterforEducationStatistics,nearly80percentofcollegestudentsendupchangingtheirmajorsatleastonce.Thisisn’tsurprising,consideringthebasicmandatoryhighschoolcurriculumleavesstudentswithapoorunderstandingofthemselveslistingonemajorontheircollegeapplications,butswitchingtoanotheraftertakingcollegeclasses.It’snotnecessarilyabadthing,butdependingontheschool,itcanbecostlytomakeupcreditsafterswitchingtoolateinthegame.AtBostonCollege,forexample,youwouldhavetocompleteanextrayearwereyoutoswitchtothenursingschoolfromanotherdepartment.Takingagapyeartofigurethingsoutinitiallycanhelppreventstressandsavemoneylateron.

1.Oneofthereasonsforhigh-schoolgraduatesnottakingagapyearisthat（

）.

2.StudiesfromtheUSandAustraliaimplythattakingagapyearhelps

（

）.

3.Theword“acclimation”（Line8,Para.3）isclosestinmeaningto

（

）.

4.Agapyearmaysavemoneyforstudentsbyhelpingthem

（

）.

5.Themostsuitabletitleforthistextwouldbe（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theythinkitacademicallymisleading

B.theyhavealotoffuntoexpectincollege

C.itfeelsstrangetododifferentlyfromothers

D.itseemsworthlesstotakeoff-campuscourses

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.keepstudentsfrombeingunrealistic

B.lowerrisksinchoosingcareers

C.easefreshmen’sfinancialburdens

D.relievefreshmenofpressures

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.adaptation

B.application

C.motivation

D.competition

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.avoidacademicfailures

B.establishlong-termgoals

C.switchtoanothercollege

D.decideontherightmajor

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.InFavoroftheGapYear

B.TheABCsoftheGapYear

C.TheGapYearComesBack

D.TheGapYear:ADilemma

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第一段說到學(xué)生忽視間隔年（agapyear）的原因，一個是widespreadsocialpressuretoimmediatelygotocollege“立即上大學(xué)的普遍社會壓力”；一個是increasinglyhighexpectationinafast-movingworld“快節(jié)奏社會對學(xué)生越來越高的要求”。因此當(dāng)周圍的人都在秋季進(jìn)入大學(xué)繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)時，一個學(xué)生選擇間隔年就會顯得“silly”和“notnatural”。因此C選項(xiàng)“做與他人不一樣的事情感覺不太正?！狈项}意。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由關(guān)鍵詞“studiesfromtheUSandAustralia”定位到文章第三段，第一句指出選擇間隔年對學(xué)生的好處，第二三句繼續(xù)展開對這些好處的說明，一個是preparingthemforindependence，newresponsibilitiesandenvironmentalchanges“幫助學(xué)生獨(dú)立及適應(yīng)環(huán)境”，一個是lessentheblowwhenitcomestoadjustingtocollegeandbeingthrownintoabrandnewenvironment“幫助新生緩解新環(huán)境下遭受的挫折或打擊”，這一點(diǎn)與D選項(xiàng)“緩解新生的壓力”相符合，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.詞義題。第三段第三句說到“Gapyearexperiencescanlessentheblow…makingiteasiertofocusonacademicsandactivitiesratherthanacclimationblunders”，由句中的ratherthan推測acclimationblunders應(yīng)該與前面的“academicsandactivities”對立，竹竿說的是“學(xué)生適應(yīng)大學(xué)生活及新環(huán)境時遇到的挫折（theblow）”，可知acclimationblunders應(yīng)表示在適應(yīng)期犯下的錯誤。acclimation對應(yīng)的就是前面的adjustingto“適應(yīng)”。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由“maysavemoneyforstudents”定位到文章第四段最后一句“Takingagapyeartofigurethingsoutinitiallycanhelppreventstressandsavemoneylateron”，前面說的是要“一開始就把事情理順”，結(jié)合上文，克制這里是指“避免以后選錯專業(yè)”。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。文章第一段給出話題（現(xiàn)在的學(xué)生忽視間隔年）并給出原因，第二、三、四段舉例說明間隔年的好處。因此本文旨在說明間隔年的好處。A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.單選題

Themanagerhasalwaysattendedtothe（

）ofimportantbusinesshimself

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.transaction

B.solution

C.translation

D.stimulation

【答案】A

17.單選題

Hischangeofjobhas（

）him