英語短篇小說教程電子教案 Unit5課件

英語短篇小說教程

ShortStoriesinEnglish:AReadingCourse虞建華編寫英語短篇小說教程

ShortStoriesinEng1UnitFiveTheStoryandthePlotReading:“TheTaste”byRoaldDahlUnitFive2TheStoryandThePlot:E.M.Forster,afamousEnglishwriter,vividlyexplainsthedifferencebetweenstoryandplot,sayingthat“Thekingdiedandthenthequeendied”isastory;while“Thekingdiedandthenthequeendiedofgrief”isaplot.TheStoryandThePlot:3TheStoryandThePlot:A

storyisanarrativefollowingaseriesofhappeningsintimeorder.Aplot,alsoanarrative,hastheemphasisfallingoncausality(因果關系).Timesequencecharacterizesboththestoryandtheplot,whilethesenseofcausalityovershadowstheplotalone.Thestory,then,isthehypothetical“rawmaterial”ofeventswhichwereconstructfromthefinishedblueprintoftheplot.TheStoryandThePlot:4TheStoryandThePlot:Astoryprovidesananswerto“Whatthen?”(ordering);Aplotprovidesananswerto“Whyso?”(causality).TheStoryandThePlot:5ThePlot:

Plotisanartificialratherthananaturalorderingofevents.Itsfunctionistosimplifylifebyimposingorderthereon.Itwouldnotbepossibletoreciteallincidents,allevents,allthoughtspassingthroughthemindsofoneormorecharactersduringaperiod.Thedemandsofplotstipulatethattheauthorselectfromthiswelterofeventsandreflectionthoseitemsthathaveacertainunity,thatpointtoacertainend.(HughHolman&WilliamHrmon,AHandbooktoLiterature)ThePlot:6Plotting:*Thus,plottingistheprocessofconvertingstoryintoplot,ofchangingchronologicalarrangementofincidentsintoacausalandinevitablearrangement.*Plottingisdonethroughtheauthor’smethodofselection,deletion,concentrationandreorganizationofthematerialsforadesiredpurpose.Plotting:*Thus,plottingi7Theplottingofastoryusuallycontains:

thebeginning(calledexposition),thedevelopment(calledcomplication),theheightening(calledclimax);theending(calledresolution).

Theplottingofastoryusuall8Theconflictsmayoccur:betweenopposingforces;betweentheprotagonistandantagonist;betweendifferentpointsofview;betweentwomoralchoices.Theconflictsmayoccur:9Aconflictcaneitherbe:external(physicalconfrontation);orinternal(moral,psychological,orspiritualstruggle);veryoften,externalconflictsaremerelyprojectionsofinternalconflicts.Aconflictcaneitherbe:10Theopenending:

Insomestoriesnothingiseverresolvedattheend.Thiskindofnon-solutioniscalledanopenending.Inanopenending,readersarenottoldwhattheprotagonistwilldoorwhatwillhappennext.Thisuncertainty,ononehand,mirrorsthecomplexityoflifeinwhichneatresolutionrarelyoccurs;ontheotherhand,itleavesmoreroomforreaders’imagination.

Theopenending:11TheStory:RoaldDahlTheTasteTheStory:12ReadingTips:Youmayhaveheardstorieslikethis:someonecanhavealookandatasteofsometeaandtellwhatkindofteaitisandwhereitisproduced.Otherscansipandsmellthewinetoknowtheproducerandthevintage（酒的年份）.Thisisashortstoryofsuchapersonwhowasbelievedtobeanexpertwiththiskindofunusualtalent.Thestoryfollowstheestablishedplotpattern:theexpositionissimpleandclear;thecomplicationisslowanddetailed;theclimaxissuddenandexplosive,andtheresolutionisshortandto-the-point.Youwillfindquitealotofspecialterminologyaboutwine,winemakingandwinemakersinthetext,butyoucanignorethemandgoonwiththestorywithoutbeingmuchaffected.

ReadingTips:13QuestionsforDiscussion:Canyouexplainthewriter’splotting--whichpartistheexposition,orcomplication,orclimax,orresolutionofthisshortstory?ThenarratorseemstoberathersuspiciousofPratt’smotive.Canyoufindtheplacesinthestorywhereheshowshissuspicionandunderlinethem?CanyousayafewwordsabouteachofthethreemembersoftheSchofieldfamily?Writedownyourimpressiononapieceofpaperandreadoutwhatyouhavewrittentotheclass.Theendingofthestoryisunexpectedbutsignificant.Whatdoesitrevealtoyouaboutthetwocharacters,thehumblemaidandthewealthyand“highlycultured”RichardPratt?QuestionsforDiscussion:14英語短篇小說教程

ShortStoriesinEnglish:AReadingCourse虞建華編寫英語短篇小說教程

ShortStoriesinEng15UnitFiveTheStoryandthePlotReading:“TheTaste”byRoaldDahlUnitFive16TheStoryandThePlot:E.M.Forster,afamousEnglishwriter,vividlyexplainsthedifferencebetweenstoryandplot,sayingthat“Thekingdiedandthenthequeendied”isastory;while“Thekingdiedandthenthequeendiedofgrief”isaplot.TheStoryandThePlot:17TheStoryandThePlot:A

storyisanarrativefollowingaseriesofhappeningsintimeorder.Aplot,alsoanarrative,hastheemphasisfallingoncausality(因果關系).Timesequencecharacterizesboththestoryandtheplot,whilethesenseofcausalityovershadowstheplotalone.Thestory,then,isthehypothetical“rawmaterial”ofeventswhichwereconstructfromthefinishedblueprintoftheplot.TheStoryandThePlot:18TheStoryandThePlot:Astoryprovidesananswerto“Whatthen?”(ordering);Aplotprovidesananswerto“Whyso?”(causality).TheStoryandThePlot:19ThePlot:

Plotisanartificialratherthananaturalorderingofevents.Itsfunctionistosimplifylifebyimposingorderthereon.Itwouldnotbepossibletoreciteallincidents,allevents,allthoughtspassingthroughthemindsofoneormorecharactersduringaperiod.Thedemandsofplotstipulatethattheauthorselectfromthiswelterofeventsandreflectionthoseitemsthathaveacertainunity,thatpointtoacertainend.(HughHolman&WilliamHrmon,AHandbooktoLiterature)ThePlot:20Plotting:*Thus,plottingistheprocessofconvertingstoryintoplot,ofchangingchronologicalarrangementofincidentsintoacausalandinevitablearrangement.*Plottingisdonethroughtheauthor’smethodofselection,deletion,concentrationandreorganizationofthematerialsforadesiredpurpose.Plotting:*Thus,plottingi21Theplottingofastoryusuallycontains:

thebeginning(calledexposition),thedevelopment(calledcomplication),theheightening(calledclimax);theending(calledresolution).

Theplottingofastoryusuall22Theconflictsmayoccur:betweenopposingforces;betweentheprotagonistandantagonist;betweendifferentpointsofview;betweentwomoralchoices.Theconflictsmayoccur:23Aconflictcaneitherbe:external(physicalconfrontation);orinternal(moral,psychological,orspiritualstruggle);veryoften,externalconflictsaremerelyprojectionsofinternalconflicts.Aconflictcaneitherbe:24Theopenending:

Insomestoriesnothingiseverresolvedattheend.Thiskindofnon-solutioniscalledanopenending.Inanopenending,readersarenottoldwhattheprotagonistwilldoorwhatwillhappennext.Thisuncertainty,ononehand,mirrorsthecomplexityoflifeinwhichneatresolutionrarelyoccurs;ontheotherhand,itleavesmoreroomforreaders’imagination.

Theopenending:25TheStory:RoaldDahlTheTasteTheStory:26ReadingTips:Youmayhaveheardstorieslikethis:someonecanhavealookandatasteofsometeaandtellwhatkindofteaitisandwhereitisproduced.Otherscansipandsmellthewinetoknowtheproducerandthevintage（酒的年份）.Thisisashortstoryofsuchapersonwhowasbelievedtobeanexpertwiththiskindofunusualtalent.Thestoryfollowstheestablishedplotpattern:theexpositionissimpleandclear;thecomplicationisslowanddetailed;theclimaxissuddenandexplosive,andtheresolutionisshortandto-the-po