考研考博-英語-云南交通職業(yè)技術學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-云南交通職業(yè)技術學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Creamisayellowishoil-in-water（）whichformsWhenmilkisallowedtostand.

問題1選項

A.emulsion

B.albumen

C.embrocation

D.yolk

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。emulsion“乳劑”；albumen“蛋白”；embrocation“擦劑”；yolk“蛋黃”。句意：奶油是一種淡黃色的水包油乳劑，牛奶凝固就可形成奶油。選項A符合題意。

2.單選題

Myneighbortendedtoreactinaheatand（）way.

問題1選項

A.impetuous

B.impertinent

C.imperative

D.imperceptible

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。impetuous“性急的，魯莽的”；impertinent“無關的，不恰當?shù)?，不相干的”；imperative“必要的，緊急的，極重要的”；imperceptible“察覺不出的，感覺不到的”。句意：我鄰居傾向于用一種激烈、魯莽的方式做出反應。選項A符合題意。

3.單選題

Minervawasthegoddessofwisdom,butononeoccasionshedidaveryfoolishthing;sheenteredintocompetitionwithJunoandVenusfortheprizeofbeauty.Ithappenedthus:AtthenuptialsofPeleusandThetisallthegodswereinvitedwiththeexceptionofEris,orDiscord.Enragedatherexclusion,thegoddessthrewagoldenappleamongtheguests,withtheinscription,‘‘Forthefairest”ThereuponJuno,Venus,andMinervaeachclaimedtheapple.Jupiter,notwillingtodecideinsodelicateamatter,sentthegoddessestoMountIda,wherethebeautifulshepherdPariswastendinghisflocks,andtohimwascommittedthedecision.Thegoddessesaccordinglyappearedbeforehim.Junopromisedhimpowerandriches’Minervagloryandrenowninwar,andVenusthefairestofwomenforhiswife,eachattemptingtobiashisdecisioninherownfavor.ParisdecidedinfavorofVenusandgaveherthegoldenapple,thusmakingthetwoothergoddesseshisenemies.UndertheprotectionofVenus,ParissailedtoGreece,andwashospitablyreceivedbyMenelaus,kingofSparta.NowHelen,thewifeofMenelaus,wastheverywomanwhomVenushaddestinedforParis,thefairestofhersex.Shehadbeensoughtasabridebynumeroussuitors,andbeforeherdecisionwasmadeknown,theyall,atthesuggestionofUlysses,oneoftheirnumber,tookanoaththattheywoulddefendherfromallinjuryandavengehercauseifnecessary.ShechoseMenelaus,andwaslivingwithhimhappilywhenParisbecametheirguest.Paris,aidedbyVenus,persuadedhertoelopewithhim,andcarriedhertoTroy,whencearosethefamousTrojanWar,thethemeofthegreatestpoemsofantiquity,thoseofHomerandVirgil.

MenelauscalleduponhisbrotherchieftainsofGreecetofulfilltheirpledge,andjoinhiminhiseffortstorecoverhiswife.Theygenerallycameforward,butUlysses,whohadmarriedPenelope,andwasveryhappyinhiswifeandchild,hadnodispositiontoembarkinsuchatroublesomeaffair.HethereforehungbackandPalamedeswassenttourgehim.WhenPalamedesarrivedatIthaca,Ulyssespretendedtobemad.Heyokedanassandanoxtogethertotheploughandbegantosowsalt.Palamedes,totryhim,placedtheinfantTelemachusbeforetheplough,whereuponthefatherturnedtheploughaside,showingplainlythathewasnomadman,andafterthatcouldnolongerrefusetofulfillhispromise.Beingnowhimselfgainedfromtheundertaking,helenthisaidtobringinotherreluctantchief,especiallyAchilles.ThisherowasthesonofthatThetisatwhosemarriagetheappleofDiscordhadbeenthrownamongthegoddesses.Thetiswasherselfoneoftheimmortals,asea-nymph,andknowingthathersonwasfatedtoperishbeforeTroyifhewentontheexpedition,sheendeavoredtopreventhisgoing.ShesenthimawaytothecourtofKingLycomedes,andinducedhimtoconcealhimselfinthedisguiseofamaidenamongthedaughtersoftheking.Ulysses,hearinghewasthere,wentdisguisedasamerchanttothepalaceandofferedforsalefemaleornaments,amongwhichhehadplacedsomearms.Whiletheking’sdaughterswereengrossedwiththeothercontentsofthemerchant’spack,AchilleshandledtheweaponsandtherebybetrayedhimselftothekeeneyeofUlysses,whofoundnogreatdifficultyinpersuadinghimtodisregardhismother’sprudentcounselsandjoinhiscountrymeninthewar.

1.BulfinchdescribesJupiterasunwillingto“decideinsodelicateamatter”implyingthat______.

2.Theunderlinedword“disposition”inthesecondparagraphisusedtomean______.

3.ThesowingofsaltisusedbyBulfinchtoshow______.

4.WhydoesUlyssesdisplayarmsamongtheornaments?

5.Areasonabletitleforthisnarrativemightbe______.

問題1選項

A.Jupiterisusuallyheavy-handed

B.anydecisionisboundtooffendsomeone

C.Jupiterisoverlysensitive

D.theproblemsaresoobscurethatnoonecanjudgethem

問題2選項

A.inclination

B.nature

C.integrity

D.habitation

問題3選項

A.Ulysses’sattempttobefoundinsane

B.thedifficultyofcultivatinginrockysoil

C.howthetearsofthegodscreatedthesea

D.thegod’spunishmentofthosewhodisobeythem

問題4選項

A.Asadeclarationofwar.

B.Tomisleadthedaughtersoftheking.

C.TotestAchillesintorevealinghimself.

D.Becausehewantstostartanalteration.

問題5選項

A.“DisputesandDeceit”

B.“TheAppleofDiscordLeadstoWar”

C.“AchillesandUlysses”

D.“ThePettinessoftheGods”

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.【選項釋義】

1.BulfinchdescribesJupiterasunwillingto“decideinsodelicateamatter”implyingthat______.1.布爾芬奇形容丘比特不愿意“在如此微妙的事情上做出決定”，暗示______。

A.Jupiterisusuallyheavy-handedA.丘比特通常很笨拙

B.anydecisionisboundtooffendsomeoneB.任何決定都必然會冒犯某人

C.JupiterisoverlysensitiveC.丘比特過于敏感

D.theproblemsaresoobscurethatnoonecanjudgethemD.這些問題如此晦澀，沒人能判斷

【答案】B

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據題干定位至第一段第四句“丘比特不愿對這樣微妙的問題做出決定，便派眾女神到艾達山上，正在那里放羊的美麗的牧羊人帕里斯被委以重任”可知，丘比特讓帕里斯決定哪一位女神能夠得到金蘋果，也就是說丘比特認為這個問題不好判斷，任何決定都會冒犯其中兩個。所以提到“在如此微妙的事情上做出決定”是暗示B項“任何決定都必然會冒犯某人”。

【干擾項排除】

A項“丘比特通常很笨拙”，從丘比特把這個問題拋給帕里斯來看，丘比特并不愚笨，該項屬于反向干擾；

C項“丘比特過于敏感”沒有體現(xiàn)，屬于無中生有；

D項“這些問題如此晦澀，沒人能判斷”由解題思路可知，該項屬于曲解原文。

2.【選項釋義】

2.Theunderlinedword“disposition”inthesecondparagraphisusedtomean______.2.第二段中下劃線的“disposition”指的是______。

A.inclinationA.傾向，意愿

B.natureB.自然

C.integrityC.誠實正直

D.habitationD.居住

【答案】A

【考查點】詞義推測題。

【解題思路】根據關鍵詞disposition定位至第二段第二句“他們通常會主動站出來，但是尤里西斯，他已經娶了佩妮洛普，有了妻子和孩子，他很幸福，沒有disposition從事這樣一件麻煩的事情”，從中可知，尤里西斯已經有了一個幸福的家庭，所以推斷，當墨涅拉俄斯讓他們履行諾言去參戰(zhàn)找回海倫時，尤里西斯是不愿意的。所以disposition指的是“意愿”，故該題選擇A項。

【干擾項排除】B項“自然”、C項“誠實正直”和D項“居住”根據解題思路可知，這三項屬于曲解原文。

3.【選項釋義】

3.ThesowingofsaltisusedbyBulfinchtoshow______.3.布爾芬奇用撒鹽來表示______。

A.Ulysses’sattempttobefoundinsaneA.尤里西斯想要被認為是瘋子

B.thedifficultyofcultivatinginrockysoilB.在巖石土壤中栽培的困難

C.howthetearsofthegodscreatedtheseaC.眾神的眼淚是如何創(chuàng)造海洋的

D.thegod’spunishmentofthosewhodisobeythemD.上帝對違抗命令的人的懲罰

【答案】A

【考查點】細節(jié)事實題。

【解題思路】根據題干定位至第二段第三四句“當帕拉默德斯到達伊薩卡島時，尤利西斯假裝瘋了。他把驢和牛套在一起犁地，開始撒鹽。”可知，尤里西斯在地里面撒鹽是為了裝瘋，這樣他就不用離開幸福的家庭去參戰(zhàn)。該題選擇A項“尤里西斯想要被認為是瘋子”符合題意。

【干擾項排除】B項“在巖石土壤中栽培的困難”、C項“眾神的眼淚是如何創(chuàng)造海洋的”和D項“上帝對違抗命令的人的懲罰”在原文并沒有提到，屬于無中生有。

4.【選項釋義】

4.WhydoesUlyssesdisplayarmsamongtheornaments?4.為什么尤里西斯會在飾品中展示他的武器？

A.Asadeclarationofwar.A.作為戰(zhàn)爭的宣告。

B.Tomisleadthedaughtersoftheking.B.誤導國王的女兒們。

C.TotestAchillesintorevealinghimself.C.試探阿喀琉斯，讓他暴露自己。

D.Becausehewantstostartanalteration.D.因為他想要改變。

【答案】C

【考查點】細節(jié)事實題。

【解題思路】根據題干定位至第二段最后兩句“尤里西斯聽說他在那里，就化裝成出售女性飾品的商人去了宮殿，其中還放了一些武器。當國王的女兒們都在全神貫注地看商人包里的其他東西時，阿喀琉斯拿起了武器，從而在尤里西斯敏銳的目光下暴露了自己，尤里西斯毫不費力地說服阿喀琉斯不顧母親審慎的建議，和同胞們一起參戰(zhàn)。”可以看出，尤里西斯在飾品中展示他的武器是讓試探阿喀琉斯，讓他暴露自己。因此，該題選擇C項。

【干擾項排除】A項“作為戰(zhàn)爭的宣告”、B項“誤導國王的女兒們”和D項“因為他想要改變”在原文都沒有體現(xiàn)，屬于無中生有。

5.【選項釋義】

5.Areasonabletitleforthisnarrativemightbe______.5.一個合理的標題應該是______。

A.“DisputesandDeceit”A.“爭端和欺騙”

B.“TheAppleofDiscordLeadstoWar”B.“不和的金蘋果導致戰(zhàn)爭”

C.“AchillesandUlysses”C.“阿喀琉斯和尤里西斯”

D.“ThePettinessoftheGods”D.“眾神的渺小”

【答案】B

【考查點】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】根據文章內容可知，本文講述的是為了搶奪金蘋果帶來的一系列后果。第一段先介紹了這個故事的來源：紛爭女神厄里斯因為沒有收到忒提斯婚禮的邀請而扔下一個刻有“獻給最美麗的女神”字樣的金蘋果，引發(fā)了朱諾、維納斯和雅典娜三位女神的爭奪，最終牧羊人帕里斯接受了維納斯的禮物，把金蘋果給了她，隨后便被帶去希臘，說服斯巴達國王墨涅拉俄斯的妻子海倫私奔，從而引起了特洛伊戰(zhàn)爭；第二段是墨涅拉俄斯為了找回妻子而號召曾經追求過海倫的追求者一起參戰(zhàn)。綜上所述，我們可以推斷，這篇文章主要講述的是一個不和的金蘋果引發(fā)的戰(zhàn)爭，所以B項“不和的金蘋果導致戰(zhàn)爭”符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A項“爭端和欺騙”和C項“阿喀琉斯和尤里西斯”表述不全，屬于以偏概全；

D項“眾神的渺小”在原文沒有體現(xiàn)，屬于無中生有。

4.單選題

Abovethetreesarethehills,（）magnificencetheriverfaithfullyreflectsonthesurface.

問題1選項

A.where

B.ofwhose

C.whose

D.which

【答案】C

【解析】語法題——whose引導的非限定性定語從句。whose是關系代詞who的所有格形式，在從句中作定語。whose通常指人，也可指動物或無生命的事物。主句為“Abovethetreesarethehills”，從句的主語應為“山的綺麗景色”，原句為theriverfaithfullyreflectsthehill’smagnificenceonthesurface。句意：在樹林的高處是山，其壯麗的景色完全映照在河面上。因此C選項正確。

5.單選題

WhowontheWorldCup1994footballgame?WhathappenedattheUnitedNations?Howdidthecriticslikethenewplay?（1）aneventtakesplace,newspapersareonthestreet（2）thedetails.

（3）anythinghappensintheworld,reportersareonthespottogatherthenews.

Newspapershaveonebasic（4）,togetthenewsasquicklyaspossiblefromitssource,fromthosewhomakeittothosewhowantto（5）it.

Radio,telegraph,television,and（6）inventionsbroughtcompetitionfornewspapers.Sodidthedevelopmentofmagazinesandothermeansofcommunication.（7）,thiscompetitionmerelyspurredthenewspaperson.Theyquicklymadeuseofthenewerandfastermeansofcommunicationtoimprovethe（8）andthustheefficiencyoftheirownoperations.Todaymorenewspapersare（9）andreadthaneverbefore.Competitionalsolednewspapersto（10）outintomanyotherfields.Besideskeepingreadersinformedofthelatestnews,today’snewspapersentertainandinfluencereadersaboutpoliticsandotherimportantandserious（11）.

Newspapersinfluencereaders,economicchoices（12）advertising.Mostnewspapersdependonadvertisingfortheirvery（13）.Newspapersaresoldatapricethat（14）evenasmallfractionofthecostofproduction.Themain（15）ofincomeformostnewspapersiscommercialadvertising.The（16）insellingadvertisingdependsnewspaper’svaluetoadvertisers.This（17）intermsofcirculation.Howmanypeoplereadthenewspaper?

Circulationdepends（18）ontheworkofthecirculationdepartmentandontheservicesorentertainment（19）inanewspaper’spages.Butforthemostpart,circulationdependsonanewspaper’svaluetoreadersasasourceofinformation（20）thecommunity,city,county,state,nationandworld—andevenouterspace.

問題1選項

A.Justwhen

B.While

C.Soonafter

D.Before

問題2選項

A.togive

B.giving

C.given

D.beinggiven

問題3選項

A.Wherever

B.Whatever

C.However

D.Whichever

問題4選項

A.reason

B.cause

C.problem

D.purpose

問題5選項

A.make

B.publish

C.know

D.write

問題6選項

A.another

B.other

C.oneanother

D.theother

問題7選項

A.However

B.And

C.Therefore

D.So

問題8選項

A.value

B.ratio

C.rate

D.speed

問題9選項

A.spread

B.passed

C.printed

D.completed

問題10選項

A.provoke

B.jump

C.step

D.branch

問題11選項

A.matters

B.affairs

C.things

D.events

問題12選項

A.on

B.through

C.with

D.of

問題13選項

A.forms

B.existence

C.contents

D.purpose

問題14選項

A.triestocover

B.managestocover

C.failstocover

D.succeedsincovering

問題15選項

A.source

B.origin

C.course

D.finance

問題16選項

A.way

B.means

C.chance

D.success

問題17選項

A.measures

B.measured

C.ismeasured

D.wasmeasured

問題18選項

A.somewhat

B.little

C.much

D.something

問題19選項

A.offering

B.offered

C.whichoffered

D.tobeoffered

問題20選項

A.by

B.with

C.at

D.about

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

第6題:B

第7題:A

第8題:D

第9題:C

第10題:C

第11題:D

第12題:B

第13題:B

第14題:C

第15題:A

第16題:B

第17題:C

第18題:C

第19題:D

第20題:C

【解析】1.考查時間副詞（短語）。Justwhen正當；While當……時；Soonafter不久之后；Before在……之前；根據上下文判斷，事件發(fā)生在前，報紙報道在后。soonafter“不久以后”，符合句意。

2.

考查分詞辨析。現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動，報紙報道事件細節(jié)是主動的，所以用giving。

3.

考查關系代詞。Wherever無論哪里，表地點；Whatever無論什么；However不管怎樣；Whichever無論哪一個；由后一句onthespot（當場）可推斷出應選地點狀語wherever。

4.

考查固定搭配。reason原因；cause成因；problem問題；purpose目的。由動詞不定式toget可判定本句表示目的，purpose“目的”，選項D符合要求。

5.

考查動詞辨析。make使，讓；publish出版；know知道，了解；write寫。句意：新聞發(fā)生的源頭或是從那些將新聞制作并散播人處獲得，并傳播給那些想要了解新聞的人們。選項C符合句意。

6.

考查代詞辨析。another另一個；oneanother彼此，互相；theother兩者中的另一個；other“其他的”。其后跟可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)表示泛指。句意：收音機、電報、電視以及其他發(fā)明。

7.

考查邏輯連接詞。However然而，表轉折；And而且，表并列；Therefore因此，表因果；So因此，表結果。根據上下文，句子間邏輯判斷為轉折。選項中的however意為“然而”，符合句意。

8.

考查名詞辨析。value價值；ratio比例；rate比率；speed速度。句意：他們快速地使用更新并且更快的交流方式來提高速度。選項D符合句意。

9.

考查動詞辨析。spread傳播；passed傳遞，通過；printed打印，印刷；completed完成。句意：如今更多的報紙被印刷并且被閱讀。選項C符合句意。

10.

考查固定搭配。stepoutinto“拓展”，既可指人又可指物，branchoutinto“拓展”，只能用于指人。句意：競爭也使得報紙拓展到很多其他領域。選項C符合句意。

11.

考查名詞辨析。matters“當前狀況”；affairs“公共事務及安全事務”；things“事情”一般用于口語中；events“重大，重要事件”。句意：政治事件以及其他重要且嚴肅的事件。選項D符合句意。

12.

考查介詞辨析。on在……之上；through通過……；with和……；of屬于……的。句意：報紙通過廣告影響人們的經濟選擇。through做方式狀語，表示“通過，憑借”，選項B符合句意。

13.

考查名詞辨析。form“形式”；existence“存在”；content“內容”；purpose“目的”。句意：報紙是依賴廣告生存的，選項B符合句意。

14.

考查動詞短語辨析。triestocover試圖支付；managestocover打算支付；failstocover無法支付；succeedsincovering成功支付。根據后面even“甚至”這個語氣可判斷出此處為否定意義，只有failstocover表否定，意為“無法支付”。選項C符合句意。

15.

考查固定搭配。thesourceofincome為固定搭配，意為“收入來源”。選項A符合句意。

16.

考查名詞辨析。way方式，道路；means錢財，財富；chance機會；success成功。根據上下文語義，句意：出售版面廣告所賺的錢依賴于報紙對廣告商的價值。means意為“錢財，財富”，選項B符合句意。

17.

考查時態(tài)與語態(tài)。整個文章時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在時且此句中應用被動，報紙價值是“被估量”，選項C符合要求。

18.

考查副詞辨析。somewhat有點，稍微；little少量，一丁點；much多，大量；something某事。句意：發(fā)行部的工作對于報紙的發(fā)行至關重要。選項C符合句意。

19.

考查時態(tài)與語態(tài)。句意：刊印在報紙版面上的娛樂和服務。被動語態(tài)且表示將來，選項D符合句意。

20.

考查固定搭配。by通過；憑借；with和……；at在……；about關于……。atthecommunity意為“在社區(qū)內”，為固定用法。選項C符合句意。

6.單選題

3.

問題1選項

A.Heisgoingtogetmarried.

B.Heisgoingtogethisbachelor'sdegree.

C.Hewillcountonthewomanforhelp.

D.Hewillbringhisownboozetotheparty.

【答案】A

【解析】W:We’llthrowTomabachelorparty.

M:Thencountmein.

W:Great.Beatourhouseat8p.m,andbringyourownbooze.

Q:WhatistrueaboutTom?

【解析】細節(jié)題。男士表示想去單身漢晚會，女士確認了時間為晚上八點，并且要自帶酒水。

7.單選題

Hebroughtanentirelynewlevelofstyleandsophisticationtojazzmusic.Althoughagiftedpianoplayer,DukeEllingtonusedtheorchestraashisprincipalinstrument.Heconsideredhimselfacomposerandarrangerratherthanjustamusician,likeJellyRollMortonbeforehim.

Itwasin1917whenDukebeganplayingmusicprofessionallyinWashington,D.C.StridepianoplayerslikeJamesP?JohnsonandWillie“TheLion”Smithinfluencedhispianotechnique.DukeledabandcalledTheWashingtonians,whichplayedatTheHollywoodClubinManhattan(theclubwaslaterrenamedastheKentuckyClub).ThisbandacquiredastyleallitsownwhentrumpetplayerBubberMileyjoinedit,bringingwithhimhisuniqueplunger-mutestyleofplaying.Calledthe“JungleSound，”thissoundcametobelargelyresponsibleforEllington’searlysuccess.AgoodexampleofthisstyleofplayingisthesongEastSt.LouisToodle-Oo.In1924，thegrouprecordedtheirfirstalbum,ChooChoo(GottaHurryHomeandRainyNights(RainyDays)).However,thebanddidn’thitthebigtimeuntilafterIrvingMillsbecametheirmanagerandpublisherin1926.In1927,thebandre-recordedversionsofEastSt.LouisToodle-Oo,thendebutedtwosongsthatwouldbeassociatedwithDukefortherestofhiscareer,BlackandTanFantasyandCreoleLoveCall.

Ellington’sOrchestra,unlikemanyofitscontemporaries,wasabletomakethetransitionfrom1920shotjazzto1930sswingmusic.Onesongitplayed,ItDon’tMeanaThing(IfItAin’tGotThatSwing),evencametodefinetheera.WhatkepttheEllingtonOrchestraamajorforceinjazzwasthisveryabilitytoadaptandgrowwiththetimes.

ThefameandinfluenceofEllingtoncontinuedtogrowthroughoutthe40sand50s.HisbandcontinuedtocomeupwithjazzstandardslikeTakethe‘A’Train,Perdido,the4C’JamBlues,andSatinDollDukewroteseveralreligiouspiecesinthe1960s.HealsocomposedTheFarEastSuite,thenalsocollaboratedwithahighlydiversegroupofjazzmusicians,amongthemCharlesMingusandMaxRoachwithwhomheplayedatrio.

1.Whatisthemaintopicofthispassage?

2.Accordingtothepassage,DukeEllingtonworkedasallofthefollowingEXCEPTasa（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthorofthispassagemostprobablyagreewith?

4.AllofthefollowingstatementsaboutDukeEllingtonaretrueEXCEPT（）.

問題1選項

A.thelifeofDukeEllington

B.theshiftfromjazztoswingmusic

C.themusicofDukeEllington

D.thedevelopmentofjazzmusic

問題2選項

A.bandleader

B.singer

C.bandmanager

D.composer

問題3選項

A.DukeEllington’sresistancetochangecausedthecollapseofhismusicalcareer.

B.DukeEllingtondidmostofhisjazzcompositionsincollaborationwithothers.

C.DukeEllington’sclassicalcompositionsarehisgreatestcontributiontomusic.

D.DukeEllington’ssophisticatedmusicalstylegreatlyinfluencedthejazzgenre.

問題4選項

A.Hetrainedseveralbandstoperformhisjazzmusic.

B.Hehadalwaysperformedwithhisownband.

C.Hewasamajorinfluenceinjazzmusic.

D.Hecomposedmanysongsthatdefinedacertainperiod.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

【解析】1.主旨題。文章一開始講到了DukeEllington給爵士樂帶來了一種新的風格，后面介紹了他給樂隊發(fā)展帶來的影響，以及在音樂方面的創(chuàng)作。由此可知，文章主要話題是艾靈頓公爵的音樂。選項C符合題意。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第二段，“thebanddidn’thitthebigtimeuntilafterIrvingMillsbecametheirmanagerandpublisherin1926.”是歐文.米爾斯成為了經理，而不是艾靈頓。選項C符合題意。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第一段，可看出艾靈頓讓爵士樂的風格和復雜性有了一個新的高度，而且產生了持久的影響力。選項D符合題意。

4.細節(jié)理解題。根據文章最后一段，“HealsocomposedTheFarEastSuite,thenalsocollaboratedwithahighlydiversegroupofjazzmusicians,”，艾靈頓并不只是和自己的樂隊一起表演，還和其他爵士音樂人一起合作，選項B符合題意。

8.單選題

FastReading

Newspapers

Newspapersaretheoriginalformofbroadbandcommunication,adistinctionnotalwaysrecognizedintheageoftheInternet.Longbeforewehadcomputers,televisions,radios,telephonesandtelegraphs,newspaperswerethecheapestandmostefficientwaytoreachmassaudienceswithnews,commentaryandadvertising.Newspapers,fromtheirbeginningsashand-printed“broadsheets”,havebeenatruerandom-accessmedium-readerscanmoveeasilyandquicklythroughthedifferentsectionsofanewspaper,returningtothemdaysorevenweekslater.Andbecauseanewspaper’s“software”consistsofacommonlanguage,itpossessesauniversalandtimelessquality.

WhatDidtheGrowthofTVNewsMeantoNewspapers?

Withthegrowthoftelevisionnewsinthe1960s,newspapersconfrontedtheirfirstformidablecompetitor.Today,ABCNewsclaimsthatmoreAmericansgettheirnewsfromABCthanfromanyothersource—andit’sprobablytrue.TheUnitedStates’1,600dailynewspaperscontinuetoservemillionsofreaders,butnewspapersarenolongerthecountry’sdominantmassmedium.Howtosurviveandevenflourishinaculturemoreattunedto（吻合）electronicmediathantoprinter’sinkisthemostseriousissuefacingthenewspaperindustryasitentersthe21stcentury.

ItissafetosaythatnewspapersarenotabouttofollowtheMorsetelegraphintooblivion.Newspapersareaportableconvenientmedium.Noonelugsacomputermonitortothebreakfasttabletogetthemorningnews.And,newspapersareprovingsurprisinglyadeptatreinventingthemselvesfortoday’sreadersbyemphasizinggooddesign,colorphotographyanddetailedstoriesthatreportandinterpretcurrentevents.

WhatExactlyIsNewsandHowDoesItWork?

Curiously,forapublicationcalledanewspaper,noonehasevercoinedastandarddefinitionofnews.Butforthemostpart,newsusuallyfallsunderonebroadclassification-theabnormal.Itishumanfolly,mechanicalfailuresandnaturaldisastersthatoften“makethenews”.Reportersareanewspaper’sfront-lineeyesandears.Reportersglean（收集）informationfrommanysources,somepublic,suchaspolicerecords,andothersprivate,suchasagovernmentinformant.Occasionally,areporterwillgotojailratherthanrevealthenameofaconfidentialsourceforanewsstory.Americannewspapersproudlyconsiderthemselvesthefourthbranchofgovernment—thewatchdogbranch—thatexposeslegislative,executiveandjudicialmisbehavior.

Somereportersareassignedtobeats,oranareaofcoverage,suchasthecourts,cityhall,education,business,medicineandsoforth.Othersarecalledgeneralassignmentreporters,whichmeanstheyareoncallforavarietyofstoriessuchasaccidents,civiceventsandhuman-intereststories.Inthemovies,reportershaveexciting,frenzied（狂熱的）anddangerousjobsastheyliveafamouspronouncementofthenewspaperbusiness:“Comforttheafflictedandafflictthecomfortable.”Althoughafewmembersofthemediahavebeenkilledasaresultofinvestigationsintowrongdoing,newspaperworkforthegreatmajorityofreportersisroutine.

Allreportersareultimatelyresponsibletoaneditor.Dependingonitssize,anewspapermayhavenumerouseditors,beginningwithanexecutiveeditorresponsibleforthenewsdivision.Immediatelybelowtheexecutiveeditoristhemanagingeditor,thepersonwhooverseestheday-to-dayworkofthenewsdivision.Othereditors―sports,photo,state,national,featuresandobituary（訃告）,forexample—mayalsoreporttothemanagingeditor.

However,thebestknownandinsomewaysthemostcrucialeditoristhecityormetroeditor.Thisistheeditorthatreportersworkfordirectly.Thecityormetroeditorassignsstones,enforcesdeadlinesandisthefirsttoseereporters’rawcopyonthecompositionsystemorcomputernetwork.Theseeditorsarecalledgatekeepers,becausetheycontrolmuchofwhatwillandwillnotappearinthenextday’spaper.Oftenworkingunderthestressofbreakingnews,theirdecisionstranslatedirectlyintothecontentofthenewspaper.

Oncethecityormetroeditorhasfinishededitingareporter’srawcopy,thestorymovesfromthecompositionsystemviathecomputernetworktoanotherpartofthenewsdivision,thecopydesk.Here,copyeditorscheckforspellingandothererrorsofusage.Theymayalsolookfor“holes”inthestorythatwouldconfusereadersorleavetheirquestionsunanswered.Thecopydeskchiefroutesfinishedstoriestoothereditorswhofitlocalandwireservicestories,headlines（writtenbytheeditor—notthereporter!）anddigitalphotographsontopages.Newspapersareincreasinglydoingthiswork,calledpagination（分頁）,withpersonalcomputersusingsoftwareavailableatanyofficesupplystore.MicrosoftWindows,WordandQuarkExpressarethreeprogramsthat,thoughnotdesignedfornewspaperproduction,areeasilyadaptedforit.

WhatAretheEditorialPagesAllAbout?

Anewspaperpublishesitsviewsoncurrentevents-bothlocalandnational-onitseditorialpages.Thisiswhereeditorials,unsignedcommentarythatreflectsthecollectivepositionofthenewspaper’seditorialboard,appear.Editorialsarenotnews,butratherreasonedopinionbasedonfacts.Forexample,editorialsmaycriticizetheperformanceofpublicofficialssuchasthemayor,thepolicechief,orthelocalschoolboard;conversely,editorialsmaypraiseothersfortheirciviccontributions.Whateverthetopic,newspapershopetheireditorialswillraisethelevelofcommunitydiscourse.

Twowaysthisoccursarefamiliartoanynewspaperreader―letterstotheeditorandop-edarticles（acontractionofopposite-editorialpage）.Lettersarealwaysamongthebest-readsectiono