最新高中英語-Unit1-Friendship-Period-4-Grammar優(yōu)秀教師版教學(xué)案-新人教版必修1

PAGEPAGE8用心愛心專心Unit1FriendshipPeriod4Grammar(DirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech(Ⅰ)整體設(shè)計(jì)沉著說課Thisisthefourthteachingperiodofthisunit.Totestwhetherthestudentshavegraspedtheimportantanddifficultlanguagepointstheylearnedinthelastperiod,theteachershouldfirstofferthemsomerevisionexercises.Thisteachingperiodisagrammarlesson.ThestudentsareexpectedtomakeclearthedifferencesbetweenDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeechandgraspthemainusagesoftheminthisperiod.Studentsoftenfeelgrammarveryabstractandboring,soitisnecessarytomaketheclasslivelyandinteresting.Examplesentencesandgrammarsummaryshouldbecarefullydesignedsoastomakeiteasyforstudentstounderstandandaccept.Inthislesson,wewillfirstofferasupposedsituationandmakethestudentslearnaboutthedifferencesbetweenDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech.ThesituationmakesstudentsknowthatwhentalkinginourdailylifesometimeswehavegottouseDirectSpeechandsometimeswealsoneedtouseIndirectSpeech.Thisistohelpthemtohavethesensetoconnectgrammarformwithrealsituationsinourdailylife.Ifwewanttoexpressourselvesclearlyandcorrectly,weshoulduseaproperformoflanguage,otherwiseotherscan’tunderstandus.Thatiswhyitisnecessaryforustohavesomeknowledgeingrammar.Lateron,we’llshowandexplaintherulesofthesegrammaritems,thatistosay,tomakethestudentsknowhowtochangeDirectSpeechintoIndirectSpeechandIndirectSpeechintoDirectSpeech.ThenaskthemtodoexercisesinDiscoveringusefulstructures,LearningaboutlanguageonPage5.Itwillmakethestudentsfurtherknowaboutthedifferencesandgrasptheusages.Thisalsocanhelpthestudentsconnectgrammarruleswithproperlanguageformssoastomakegrammarruleslessabstract.ThenwewillaskthestudentstodoExercise1inUsingstructuresonPage42.Ifthestudentshavedifficulty,helpthemandchecktheirmistakeswiththehelpofthegrammarrules.Tellthestudentsnotjusttolearnsomesimplegrammarrulesbuttolearnandusetheminpracticalsituations.Forexample,myfriendsays,“Iwillcomeheretomorrow.〞IfusingIndirectSpeech,youcanexpressitinmanydifferentways.1.Ifatthesametimeinthesameplace,youshouldsay:Myfriendsaysshe(he)willcomeheretomorrow.2.Ifthetimehaschangedandstillinthesameplace,youshouldsay:Myfriendsaidshe(he)wouldcomeherethenextday.3.Iftheplacehaschangedandthetimeisstilltoday,youshouldsay:Myfriendsaidshe(he)wouldgotheretomorrow.4.Ifboththetimeandtheplacehavechanged,youshouldsay:Myfriendsaidshe(he)wouldgotherethenextday.5.Ifboththetimeandtheplacehavechanged,theothershouldsay:He(She)saidhe(she)wouldgotherethenextday.Ifstudentslearnthegrammarthisway,itiseasierforthemtograsp.教學(xué)重點(diǎn)SummarizetherulesofDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech.教學(xué)難點(diǎn)Getthestudentstolearnaboutthespecialcasesinwhichthetensesshouldn’tbechanged.教學(xué)方法Discussing,summarizingandpracticing教具準(zhǔn)備Aprojectorandothernecessaryteachingtools三維目標(biāo)Knowledgeaims:GetthestudentstolearnandgrasptherulesofDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech.Abilityaims:Getthestudentstobeabletousetherulestoexpresstheirmeaningsandretailothers’correctly.Emotionalaims:1.Getthestudentsnottobeafraidofgrammarlearning.2.Getthestudentstodeveloptheirsenseofgroupcooperation.教學(xué)過程→Step1Revision1.Checkthehomeworkexercises.2.Haveadictationtowritesomeimportantwordsandexpressions.Suggestedwordsandexpressions:upsetignoreconcernloosecheatreasonsharenaturethunderentirelygothroughhideawaycalmdownsetdowngrowcrazyaboutonpurposefacetofaceaccordingto3.Translatesomesentencesusingthepatternswehavelearned.Suggestedsentences:1〕為了上課不遲到，他七點(diǎn)鐘就出發(fā)了。(inorderto)2〕小明昨天沒來上學(xué)確實(shí)是因?yàn)樯×恕?Itis...that...)3〕這小房間里太鬧。(fartoomuch)4〕那是我第一次到北京。(Itis/wasthefirst/secondtime/that...)Suggestedanswers:1〕Inordernottobelateforclass,hesetoffatseveno’clock./Hesetoffatseveno’clockinordernottobelateforclass.2〕ItisbecausehewasillthatXiaomingdidn’tcometoschool.3〕Thereisfartoomuchnoiseinthesmallroom.4〕ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadbeentoBeijing.→Step2Lead-inTelltheclass:Inthelastlesson,welearnedAnneFrank’sstory.Sheistellingherstoriestotwoofherfriends—youandMary.Maryhassomethingwrongwithherears,soyouhavetorepeatAnne’ssentences,usingIndirectspeech.SometimesyouexplainMary’ssentencestoAnne.“Ihavetostayinthehidingplace.〞saidAnne.→Annesaidshehadtostayinthehidingplace.“Doyoufeelsadwhenyouarenotabletogooutdoors?〞MaryaskedAnne.→MaryaskedAnneif/whethershefeltsadwhenshewasnotabletogooutdoors.“Idon’twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiary,〞saidAnne.→Annesaidthatshedidn’twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiary.“Whatdoyoucallyourdiary?〞Maryasked.→Maryaskedwhatshecalledherdiary....Getthestudentstogoonthistopicbythemselves.→Step3Grammar1.Telltheclass:Nowlet’slookatthesesentencesagain.IfwewanttochangeDirectSpeechintoIndirectSpeech,whatshouldbechanged?2.Getthestudentsdiscussbythemselves.Perhapsmoststudentscanfindsentencestructures,tenses,pronouns,adverbialsoftimeandplaceandverbsshouldbechanged.3.Showthestudentstheformonthescreen.Thesearetherules.當(dāng)我們引用別人的話時，如果我們引用別人的原話，被引用的局部就叫直接引語，一般用“〞引起來。如果我們用自己的話把意思轉(zhuǎn)述出來，被轉(zhuǎn)述的局部稱為間接引語，間接引語在多數(shù)情況下都構(gòu)成一個賓語從句。直接引語變成間接引語時，要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：人稱變化、時態(tài)變化、賓語從句要用陳述句語序。1〕直接引語是陳述句，變成間接引語時，由連詞that引導(dǎo)。Marysaid,“Iamveryhappytohelpyou.〞→Marysaidthatshewasveryhappytohelpyou.2〕直接引語是一般疑問句或選擇疑問句，變成間接引語時，由連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)。Heaskedme,“Doyoulikeplayingbasketball?〞→Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedplayingbasketball.注意：大多數(shù)情況下，if和whether都可以用，但后面和ornot連用時或在動詞不定式前或放在介詞后作連接詞時，一般只用whether。SheaskedmewhetherIcoulddoitornot.3〕直接引語是特殊疑問句，變成間接引語時，由原句的疑問詞who,whom,whose,how,when,why,where等引導(dǎo)。Mysisteraskedme,“Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?〞→MysisteraskedmewhatIthoughtofthefilm.4〕考前須知〔1)間接引語一般要用陳述句的語序，即主、謂、賓的順序。HeaskedLucy,“Wherehaveyoubeen?〞→HeaskedLucywhereshehadbeen.Marysaid,“Whatdoyouwant,Ann?〞→MaryaskedAnnwhatshewanted.〔2)直接引語是客觀事實(shí)、真理、規(guī)律等，變成間接引語時，時態(tài)不變。Theteachertoldhisstudents,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.〞→Theteachertoldhisstudentsthattheearthgoesroundthesun.〔3)直接引語變間接引語時，指示代詞、時間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語等要作相應(yīng)的變化。Hesaid,“Ihaven’tseenmydaughtertoday.〞→Hesaidthathehadn’tseenhisdaughterthatday.注意：如果轉(zhuǎn)述時就在原來的地方，就在說話的當(dāng)天，就沒必要改變指示代詞、時間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語等。時態(tài)變化規(guī)律表直接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時一般將來時過去將來時一般過去時過去完成時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時過去完成時過去完成時現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時過去完成進(jìn)行時一些常用詞變化規(guī)律表直接引語間接引語指示代詞thisthatthesethose時間狀語nowthentodaythatdaytomorrowthenext(following)daynextweek/month/...thenext(following)week/month...yesterdaythedaybeforelastweek/month/...theweek/month/...beforethreedays/months/...agothreedays/month/...thisweek/month/...thatweek/month...地點(diǎn)herethere動詞comegoOption:如果學(xué)生根底較好，語法局部也可用英語講解。1.DirectSpeechIndirectspeech,theoriginalspeaker’sexactwordsaregivenandareindicatedbyquotationmarks.“Idon’tknowwhattodo,〞saidTom.Insomegrammarbooks,“saidTom〞isreferredtoasareportingclause.“Idon’tknowwhattodo,〞isreferredtoasthereportedclause.2.IndirectSpeechInindirectspeech,theexactmeaningofthespeaker’swordsisgiven,buttheexactwordsarenotdirectlyquoted.Tomsaidthathedidn’tknowwhattodo.Toconvertdirectspeechintoindirectspeech:Ifthemainverbispasttense,presenttenseverbsin“thatclause〞mustalsobechangedtopasttense.Tomsaidthathedidn’tknowwhattodo.Firstandsecondpersonpronounsmustbechangedtothirdpersonpronouns.Tomsaidthathedidn’tknowwhattodo.(Theword“that〞canoftenbeleftout:Tomsaidhedidn’tknowwhattodo.)3.IndirectQuestionsThesamerulesapplytoindirectquestionsastoindirectstatements.Thedifferenceisthatawh-clauseisusedinsteadofathatclause.Directquestion:“DidDick’shorsewinaprize?〞Owenasked.Indirectquestions:Owenaskedwhether/ifDick’shorsehadwonaprize.Directquestion:“Whywon’tyoumarryme?〞askedDonald.Indirectquestion:Donaldaskedherwhyshewouldn’tmarryhim.﹡Intellingastoryorrecountingevents,aspeakerusingdirectspeechhasalltheresourcesofintonationtoproducealivelyaccount.Becauseindirectspeechisalwaysreportedbysomeoneelse,theaccountismorereservedandrestrained.“Whatshallwedo?〞askedMary.“Don’tworry,Mary,〞saidDick,“I’vegotaplan.〞MaryaskedDickwhattheyshoulddo.Hetoldhernottoworryandthathehadgotaplan.﹡Theabilitytochangedirectspeechintoindirectspeechisausefulskillforthoseengagedintakingtheminutesofameetingorreportingonevents.Directspeech:“Firstofall,Iwouldliketothankeverybodywhohelpedwiththefair.Theresultswereverygood,andwewillnowbeabletobuytwomorecomputers.〞Indirectspeech:Theprincipalsaidthathewouldliketothankeverybodywhohadhelpedwiththefair.Heannouncedthattheresultswereverygoodandthattheschoolwouldnowbeabletobuytwomorecomputers.→Step4Practice(Discoveringusefulstructures)GetthestudentstoturntoPage5.Pleasechangethefollowingdirectspeechintoindirectspeechandindirectintodirect.1.“I’mgoingtohidefromtheGermans,〞Annesaid.2.“Idon’tknowtheaddressofmynewhome,〞saidAnne.3.“Icannotaskmyfatherbecauseitisnotsafetoknow,〞shesaid.4.“Ihadtopackupmythingsveryquickly,〞thegirlsaid.5.“Whydidyouchooseyourdiaryandoldletters?〞Dadaskedher.6.Mumaskedherif/whethershewasveryhotwithsomanyclotheson.7.Margotaskedherwhatelseshehadgot.8.Anneaskedherfatherwhentheywouldgobackhome.9.Anneaskedhersisterhowshecouldseeherfriends.10.MotheraskedAnnewhyshehadgonetobedsolatethenightbefore.→Step5CorrectingmistakesAnalyzethecommonmistakesstudentshavemadeduringthepractice.Letthestudentslookatthescreenandpayattentiontothesesentences.Thenchoosetherightsentenceandmakeitclearwhytheotheroneiswrong.→Step6AgamePlayaguessinggame“whoismysecretfriend?〞Onestudentcomestothefrontwithhispartner.Thereststudentsaskhimquestionswhilehispartnerchangesthemintoindirectspeech.Intheend,thepersonwhohasguessedtherightanswercancometothefronttotaketheplaceofthefirststudent.Sothegamegoeson.Suggestedsentences:Canyourfriendspeak?Whatdoeshe/sheweartoday?Ishe/shetallorshort?Whatdoyouandyourfrienddoinyourfreetime?Doyouquarrelwitheachother?...→Step7WorkbookDoExercise1inUsingStructuresonPage42.HereisanotherpageofAnne’sdiary.Readitthroughandthenuseindirectspeechtoretellthestory.Iftimedoesn’tpermit,declareitashomework.Suggestedanswers:AnnesaidthattheywentquicklyupstairsandintothehidingplacewhentheyarrivedatPrinsengracht.Shesaidthattheyclosedthedoorbehindthemandtheywerealone.Shesaid(that)Margothadcomefasteronherbicycleandwasalreadywaitingforthem.Shesaid(that)alltheroomswerefullofboxesandtheylayonthefloorandthebeds.Shesaid(that)thelittleroomwasfilledwithbedclothesandtheyhadtostartclearingupatonce,iftheywishedtosleepincomfortablebedsthatnight.Annesaid(that)hermotherandMargotwerenotabletohelp.Shesaid(that)theyweretiredandlaydownontheirbeds,butherdaddyandshe,thetwo“Helpers〞ofthefamily,startedatonce.Annesaid(that)theyunpackedtheboxes,filledthecupboardsandtidiedthewholeday,untiltheywereextremelytired.Shesaidtheydidsleepincleanbedsthatnight.Shesaidtheyhadn’thadanywarmfoodtoeatallday,buttheydidn’tcare.Annesaid(that)hermotherandMargotweretootiredandworriedtoeat,andherdaddyandsheweretoobusy.→Step8Homework1.FinishofftherelatedWorkbookexercises.2.ReviewandgrasptherulesofDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech.板書設(shè)計(jì)Unit1FriendshipGrammarDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeechDirectSpeechIndirectSpeech1.Marysaid,“Iamveryhappytohelpyou.〞Marysaidthatshewasveryhappytohelpyou.2.Heaskedme,“Doyoulikeplayingbasketball?〞Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedplayingbasketball.3.Mysisteraskedme,“Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?〞MysisteraskedmewhatIthoughtofthefilm.4.Theteachertoldhisstudents,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.〞Theteachertoldhisstudentsthattheearthgoesroundthesun.活動與探究Getthestudentstoworkingroupsoffouroutofclassanddesignaquestionnairetofindoutwhatkindoffriendsyourclassmatesare.Thepurposeofthisactivityistoencouragestudentstothinkindependentlyandactinmattersofimmediateconcernandinterest.Italsocandevelopstudents’designabilityandspiritofcooperation.SamplequestionnaireDirections:Thisquestionnairehasfourquestions.Eachquestionisfollowedbythreepossibleanswers.Pleasereadthequestions,andthenconsiderwhichresponsefitsyoubest.Questions:1.WhyamIclosefriendswiththispersonnow?A.Becausehe/sheissomeoneIreallyenjoysharingemotionsandspecialeventswith.B.Becausemyfriendwo