八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 人教新目標(biāo)版公開課一等獎(jiǎng)省優(yōu)質(zhì)課大賽獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

PresentPerfectTense

一、什么叫現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.IhavejustlentmybooktoJohn.(Idon’thavethebooknow.)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，但和現(xiàn)在情況相關(guān)，既用一個(gè)發(fā)生在過去動(dòng)作來說明現(xiàn)在情況。2.Myunclehaslivedinthatstreetsincehecametothiscity.(Hebegantolivetheremanyyearsago,helivestherenowandhewillgoonlivingthere.)二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)組成

1.Jackhasgonetothecinema.2.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomework.助動(dòng)詞have/has＋過去分詞Jackhasn’t

gonetothecinema.HasJackgonetothecinema?Yes,hehas./No,hehasn’t.Havetheyfinishedtheirhomework?Yes,theyhave./No,theyhaven’t.Theyhaven’tfinishedtheirhomework.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)使用方法（一）過去(結(jié)束性)動(dòng)作產(chǎn)生影響或結(jié)果現(xiàn)在還存在。慣用短暫性動(dòng)詞做謂語動(dòng)詞.如arrive,get,finish,borrow,open,stop,begin,go,come,die,fall,…時(shí)間狀語慣用already,just,yet,ever,before,once(一次),recently等

不詳細(xì)過去時(shí)間或不帶有時(shí)間狀語三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)使用方法1.表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響或結(jié)果。-Haveyouhadyourlunchyet?-Yes,Ihave.Ihavejusthadit.(現(xiàn)在不餓了。)Ihavealreadypostedthephotos.(照片已不再我這里了)MarywithhisfamilyhasneverbeentoChinabefore.-Havetheyeverheardofthestory?-No,notyet.Adverbsoftime

before,bynow(sofar),到當(dāng)前為止once,twice…,just,recentlyyet(否/疑),already(肯),ever,never,曾經(jīng)，從不

Exercises:一、按要求改變以下各句。1.Shehaslistenedtoapieceofforeignmusic.（否定句）2.Ihavegotsomethingimportanttodo.（普通疑問句）3.Haveyouevertraveledonatrain?（否定回答）Shehasn’tlistenedtoapieceofforeignmusic.Haveyougotanythingimportanttodo.Hehasalreadyfinishedastorybook.4.Hefinishedreadingastory-book.（改成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）5.LiLeihaseatensomedumplingsforhisbreakfast.（對(duì)劃線問）6.I’veworkedoutthemathsproblem.（對(duì)劃線部分提問）Whohasworkedoutthemathsproblem?WhathasLileieatenforhisbreakfast?No,Ihaven’t.二、用所給動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式填空。1.--Areyousureyou________(lose)thebook?--Yes.I_________(look)foriteverywhere.ButIstill_______(cannot)findit.2.--_______you_________(take)themedicineyet?--Yes,I_________(take)ithalfanhourago.3.I_____________(never,meet)hersisterbefore.4.He______________(just,watch)afootballgame.Heissotiredandhungrynow.5.--Howmanytimes________you________(read)thisbook?--I_________(read)itseveraltimes.havelosthavelookedcan’tHavetakentookhavenevermethasjustwatchedhavereadhaveread6.Mybrother________(buy)acarlastmonth.7.--WhereisJoan?--She_________(go)tothecinema.8.Youcanturnofftheradionow.I__________(hear)thenewsalready.I________(hear)itat8o’clock.9.Jack___________(notfind)hiswatchyet.10.--_________WeiFang________(come)yet?--Yes,she_________(come)already.--When________she_________(come)?--She________(come)justnow.boughthasgonehaveheardheardhasn’tfoundHascomehascomedidcomecame1.都表示過去發(fā)生事2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去和現(xiàn)在聯(lián)絡(luò)，不能和詳細(xì)時(shí)間狀語連用；3.普通過去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生事或狀態(tài)與表示過去詳細(xì)時(shí)間連用（last,ago,yesterday,etc.）presentpastIhavelivedherefortwoyearsIlivedthere2yearsagoeg.1.Hehadhisbreakfastat6:00

Hehashadhisbreakfast.2.Whendidyoucomehere?

IwatchedthefootballmatchonTVat9:00.

Exercises

1.I________(have)lunchalready.2.Hasthetrain_______(arrive),yet?3.Tome____never_______(beto)China.4.Thetwin______just_____(see)myfather.5.Thetwins____(see)myfatherjustnow.6.Manytallbuildings____________(build)inthepast5years.havehadarrivedhasbeentohasseensawhavebeenbuilt使用方法二：

for+段時(shí)間since+點(diǎn)時(shí)間since+句子（過去時(shí)）E.g.Katehaslivedherefor3years.Katehaslivedheresince3yearsago.KatehaslivedheresinceshecametoChina.表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始動(dòng)作或存在狀態(tài)，一直連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能還將連續(xù)下去。動(dòng)詞使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。常與for或since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間連用常見非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)變arrive/come/gotodiebecomeaborrowLeave/movebuyopenjoinstart/beginfinish/endcatchacoldgetupgettoknowgetoutclosewakeupgotosleepbecomeinterestedinbein

bedeadhavekeepbeaway/beoutbeabein/amemberofbeopenbeonbeoverhaveacoldbeupknowbeoutbeclosedbeawakebeasleep/sleepbeinterestedinExercises

Hisfatherhasdied.(for2years)Thefootballmatchhasbegun.(since9:00a.m)Thetwinshavejoinedthearmy.(sincetheyare18yearsold)Myteacherhasjust

leftNanjing.(for3days)Hisfatherhasbeendeadfor2years.Thefootballmatchhasbeenonsince9:00a.m.Thetwinshavebeensoldiers/beeninthearmysincetheyare18yearsold.MyteacherhasbeenawayfromNanjingfor3days重點(diǎn)句型:

Itis/hasbeen+段時(shí)間+since從句

段時(shí)間+haspassed+since從句

eg.他死了兩年了：Hediedtwoyearsago.Hehasbeendeadfortwoyears/sincetwoyearsagoItis/hasbeentwoyearssincehedied.Twoyearshaspassedsincehedied.

1.這本書我借了一個(gè)月了。Iborrowedthisbookamonthago.Itis/hasbeenamonthsinceIborrowedthebook.Ihavekeptthebookforamonth./sinceamonthago.AmonthhaspassedsinceIborrowedthebook.Have/hasgoneto

have/hasbeento

have/hasbeeninhave/hasgoneto:已經(jīng)去了或在途中，還沒有返回；have/hasbeento:曾今去過某地，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了,后面可接表示“次數(shù)”狀語;have/hasbeenin:表示某人“已在某地停留一段時(shí)間，現(xiàn)仍在那里”，其后常帶表示一段時(shí)間狀語。ExercisesTom在哪兒？他去書店買書了。我在北京待了5年了。Jack去過上海兩次了-WhereisTom?-Hehasgonetothebookshoptobuysomebooks.IhavebeeninBeijingfor5years.JackhasbeentoShanghaitwice.Correcting

1.Ihaveborrowedthebookfor3months.2.Mybotherhasjoinedthearmysincehewas18.3.JackandTomhavelivedheresince5years.4.ThefilmhasbeenonsinceIhavecometothecinema.5.WhenhasMr.Licaughtabadcold?

havekepthasbeenin/beenamemberofthearmysince5yearsago/for5yearscamedidcatch6.Tenyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried.7.JimhasgonetoBeijingfor2years.8.Whattimehavethefactory