考研考博-英語-信陽師范學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-信陽師范學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Arailwayticketshouldindicatetheplaceofdepartureaswellasthe（

）ofthetrip.

問題1選項

A.arrival

B.image

C.destination

D.sequence

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。arrival意為“到達，抵達”；image意為“形象，印象，畫像”；destination意為“目的地，終點”；sequence意為“一系列，一連串，順序”。

句意：火車票應注明出發(fā)地點和旅行目的地。

2.單選題

Thisresearchhasattractedwide（

）coverageandhasbeenfeaturedonBBCtelevision’sTomorrow’sWorld.

問題1選項

A.message

B.information

C.media

D.data

【答案】C

【解析】句意:這項研究吸引了媒體的廣泛報道,并在英國廣播公司電視臺的《明日世界》節(jié)目中進行了專題報道。選項中只有C選項符合句意。

3.單選題

Mutualrespectforterritorial______isoneofthebasesuponwhichourtwocountriesdeveloprelationships.

問題1選項

A.unity

B.integrity

C.entirely

D.reliability

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。unity“統(tǒng)一”；integrity“完整，正直”;entirely“完全地”；reliability“可靠性”。句意：對領土完整的相互尊重是兩國關系發(fā)展的基礎之一。選項B符合題意。

4.單選題

Thecompanywill（）toitsagreement,nomatterhowcostlytheprocessmaybe.

問題1選項

A.retain

B.alter

C.abandon

D.adhere

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。retain“保持；記住”；alter“改變；修改”；abandon“放棄”；adhere“堅持；依附”，根據(jù)nomatterhow“無論如何”可知此處要表達的是這個公司非常堅定的態(tài)度，四個選項中只有adhere表明了這個公司的立場，且adhere與介詞to是固定搭配，表示“堅持……”。句意：這個公司會……他的協(xié)議，不管這一過程的代價會有多大。由此可知選項D正確。

5.單選題

Whatyouhavesaidisaninstanceof______andrevealsanunfamiliaritywiththerealitiesoflife.

問題1選項

A.pedantry

B.assertion

C.intimidation

D.aspiration

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項pedantry“迂腐，賣弄學問”，B項assertion“斷言，聲明，主張”，C項intimidation“恐嚇，威脅”，D項aspiration“渴望，抱負”。根據(jù)關鍵信息revealsanunfamiliaritywiththerealitiesoflife“表現(xiàn)出對現(xiàn)實生活的不了解”可知選擇A項符合句意。句意：你所說的是賣弄學問的例子，說明你不熟悉現(xiàn)實生活。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

6.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingtextintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET.

當我們進入數(shù)碼物件的電子時代時，最重要的是要意識到新技術已經(jīng)給我們這個社會帶來了很多挑戰(zhàn)，其中之一就是如何在這個電子時代保存好歷史檔案記錄。更重要的是我們要知道，我們正在步入這樣一個時代：即我們今天所熟知的很多東西以及用電子方式編碼和寫入的很多東西將會永久丟失。其中一個例子就是遍布世界各地政府和大學的很多數(shù)據(jù)集由于技術的變化而被淘汰了，而且這些數(shù)據(jù)將來要么丟失，要么需要采取髙昂的“營救”措施來挽救它們。在我看來，我們正生活在一個數(shù)碼黑暗時代。因此，圖書和檔案管理員肩挑的責任就是要恪守我們這個時代崇尚歷史和出版遺產(chǎn)的傳統(tǒng)。

【答案】Asweentertheelectronicageofdigitalobjects,themostsignificantthingistorecognizethatnewtechnologieshavebroughtmanychallengestooursociety.Oneofthemishowtopreservehistoricalrecordsinthiselectronicage.Moreimportantly,wearemovingintoanerainwhichmuchofwhatweknowtoday,andmuchofwhatisencodedandwrittenelectronically,willbelostforever.Oneexampleisthatmanydatasetsfromgovernmentsanduniversitiesaroundtheworldareobsoletedduetochangesintechnology,andthatdatawilleitherbelostinthefutureorwillrequirecostly“rescue”measurestosaveit.Inmyopinion,wearelivinginadigitaldarkage.Therefore,theresponsibilityoflibrariansandarchivistsistoscrupulouslyabidebythehistoricalandpublishingheritageweupholdinourtime.

7.單選題

Thegirl’s（）conditionwasduetothefactthatshecouldn’tfindaperfectdressforhomecoming.

問題1選項

A.moot

B.prestigious

C.abject

D.meretricious

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項moot“無實際意義的；未決議的”；B選項prestigious“有名望的；享有聲望的”；C選項abject“卑鄙的；不幸的；可憐的；（境況）凄慘的”；D選項meretricious“俗氣的；華麗而庸俗的”。句意：這位女孩可憐的狀況是因她不能為校友返校節(jié)而找到一件完美的禮服。根據(jù)句意可知C選項正確。

8.單選題

UnderethicalguidelinerecentlyadoptedbytheNationalInstitutesofHealth,humangenesaretobemanipulatedonlytocorrectdiseaseforwhich（）treatmentsareunsatisfactory.

問題1選項

A.similar

B.dangerous

C.uncommon

D.alternative

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：根據(jù)國家健康研究機構最近通過的道德準則，人類的基因只有在治療方案無法滿足需求的情況下才可以改變。

similar相似的；dangerous危險的；uncommon不尋常的，罕有的；alternative可供選擇的。選項D“可供選擇的”符合題意。

9.單選題

Whenpeoplearehappy,theytendtogive（

）interpretationsofeventstheywitness:theeyeofthebeholderiscoloredbytheemotionsofthebeholder.

問題1選項

A.charitable

B.elaborate

C.conscientious

D.coherent

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義。charitable“慷慨的；仁慈的”；elaborate“精心制作的；詳盡的”；conscientious“認真的；小心謹慎的”；coherent“一致的”。句意：人在快樂時傾向于對自己所見的事情給出仁慈的解釋，即旁觀者的觀點被自身的情緒所影響。由theeyeofthebeholderiscoloredbytheemotionsofthebeholder可知A項符合題意。

10.單選題

Weshallneverbeableto（）ourselvestrulyunlessweareworkingforthewelfareofourfellows.

問題1選項

A.realize

B.spot

C.accomplish

D.fulfill

【答案】D

【解析】近義詞辨析。realize著重指把過去的計劃或意愿變成現(xiàn)實;spot為動詞時指的是"沾上污漬";accomplish是正式用詞,強調(diào)一個過程的完成,也可指依靠努力達到一定目的,或取得一定的結果;fulfill強調(diào)夢寐以求,強調(diào)滿足。句意：除非我們?yōu)樗说母＠ぷ?否則我們永遠不可能真正實現(xiàn)自我。選項D更恰當。

11.單選題

TheChineseRedCross______ageneroussumtotherelieffundforthephysicallydisabled.

問題1選項

A.assigned

B.endowed

C.allocated

D.contributed

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項assign“分配，指派”，指按照某種原則進行的硬性分配，也不一定是很公平的分配；B項endow“賦予，資助”，C項allocate“分配，撥出”，主要指金錢、財產(chǎn)、權力或領土等的分配，著重分配的比例和專門用途；D項contribute“貢獻，出力”。根據(jù)句子ageneroussumtotherelieffundforthephysicallydisabled“一筆給殘疾人救濟基金的慷慨款項”可知，空格部分表示“捐贈”符合語境。句意：中國紅十字會向殘疾人救濟基金捐了一筆巨款。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

12.單選題

Present-dayphilosophersusuallyenvisiontheirdisciplineasanendeavorthathasbeen,sinceantiquity,distinctfromandsuperiortoanyparticularintellectualdiscipline,suchastheologyorscience.Suchphilosophicalconcernsasthemind-bodyproblemor,moregenerally,thenatureofhumanknowledgetheybelieve,arebasichumanquestionswhosetentativephilosophicalsolutionshaveservedasthenecessaryfoundationsonwhichallotherintellectualspeculationhasrested.

Thebasisforthisview,however,liesinaseriousmisinterpretationofthepast,aprojectionofmodernconcernsontopastevents.Theideaofanautonomousdisciplinecalled“philosophy,”distinctfromandsittinginjudgmentonsuchpursuitsastheologyandscienceturnsout,oncloseexamination,tobeofquiterecentorigin.When,intheseventeenthcentury,DescartesandHobbesrejectedmedievalphilosophy,theydidnotthinkofthemselves,asmodernphilosophersdo,asproposinganewandbetterphilosophy,butratherasfurthering“thewarfarebetweenscienceandtheology.”Theywerefighting,albeitdiscreetly,toopentheintellectualworldtothenewscienceandtoliberateintellectuallifefromecclesiasticalphilosophyandenvisionedtheirworkascontributingtothegrowth,notofphilosophy,butofresearchinmathematicsandphysics.Thislinkbetweenphilosophicalinterestsandscientificpracticepersisteduntilthenineteenthcentury,whendeclineinecclesiasticalpoweroverscholarshipandchangesinthenatureofscienceprovokedthefinalseparationofphilosophyfromboth.

Thedemarcationofphilosophyfromsciencewasfacilitatedbythedevelopmentintheearlynineteenthcenturyofanewnotion,thatphilosophy’scoreinterestshouldbeepistemology,thegeneralexplanationofwhatitmeanstoknowsomething.ModernphilosophersnowtracethatnotionbackatleasttoDescartesandSpinoza,butitwasnotexplicitlyarticulateduntilthelateeighteenthcentury,byKant,anddidnotbecomebuiltintothestructureofacademicinstitutionsandthestandardself-descriptionsofphilosophyprofessorsuntilthelatenineteenthcentury.Withouttheideaofepistemology,thesurvivalofphilosophyinanageofmodernscienceishardtoimagine.Metaphysics,philosophy’straditionalcore-consideredasthemostgeneraldescriptionofhowtheheavensandtheearthareputtogether-hadbeenrenderedalmostcompletelymeaninglessbythespectacularprogressofphysics.Kant,however,byfocusingphilosophyontheproblemofknowledge,managedtoreplacemetaphysicswithepistemology,andthustotransformthenotionofphilosophyas“queenofsciences”intothenewnotionofphilosophyasaseparate,foundationaldiscipline.Philosophybecame“primary”nolongerinthesenseof“highest”butinthesenseof“underlying”.AfterKant,philosopherswereabletoreinterpretseventeenth-andeighteenth-centurythinkersasattemptingtodiscover“Howisourknowledgepossible?”andtoprojectthisquestionbackevenontheancients.

31.Accordingtotheauthor,philosophybecamedistinctfromscienceandtheologyduringthe________.

32.TheauthorsuggeststhatDescartes’supportforthenewscienceoftheseventeenthcenturycanbecharacterizedas________.

33.Theauthorofthepassageimplieswhichofthefollowingindiscussingthedevelopmentofphilosophyduringthenineteenthcentury?

34.Withwhichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningthewritingofhistorywouldtheauthorofthepassagebemostlikelytoagree?

35.Theprimaryfunctionofthepassageasawholeisto________.

問題1選項

A.ancienttime

B.medievalperiod

C.seventeenthcentury

D.nineteenthcentury

問題2選項

A.pragmaticandhypocritical

B.cautiousandinconsistent

C.daringandopportunistic

D.strongbutprudent

問題3選項

A.Nineteenthcenturyphilosophytookscienceasitsmodelforunderstandingthebasesofknowledge.

B.Theroleofacademicinstitutionsinshapingmetaphysicalphilosophygrewenormouslyduringthenineteenthcentury.

C.NineteenthcenturyphilosopherscarriedoutaprogramofinvestigationexplicitlylaidoutbyDescartesandSpinoza.

D.Kanthadanoverwhelmingimpactonthedirectionofnineteenthcenturyphilosophy.

問題4選項

A.Historyshouldnotemphasizetheroleplayedbyideasovertheroleplayedbyindividuals.

B.Historyshouldnotbedistortedbyattributingpresentdayconsciousnesstohistoricalfigures.

C.Historyshouldnotbefocusedprimarilyonthosepasteventsmostrelevanttothepresent.

D.Historyshouldbeconcernedwithdescribingthoseaspectsofthepastthatdiffermostfromthoseofthepresent.

問題5選項

A.comparetwocompetingmodels

B.analyzeadifficulttheory

C.presentnewevidenceforatheory

D.correctanerroneousbeliefbydescribingitsorigins

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】31.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Thislinkbetweenphilosophicalinterestsandscientificpracticepersisteduntilthenineteenthcentury,whendeclineinecclesiasticalpoweroverscholarshipandchangesinthenatureofscienceprovokedthefinalseparationofphilosophyfromboth.（這種哲學興趣和科學實踐之間的聯(lián)系一直持續(xù)到19世紀，這時，教會壓制學術界的力量的衰退和科學性質(zhì)的變化導致了哲學與這兩者的最終分離。），可知哲學與科學和神學分離是在19世紀，D選項“19世紀”正確，A選項“古代”，B選項“中世紀時期”和C選項“17世紀”錯誤。因此D選項正確。

32.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第四句Theywerefighting,albeitdiscreetly,toopentheintellectualworldtothenewscienceandtoliberateintellectuallifefromecclesiasticalphilosophy（他們戰(zhàn)斗，盡管是謹慎的，是為了向新科學打開思想世界的大門，把思想生活從教會哲學中解放出來。），可知笛卡爾抱著謹慎的態(tài)度激烈推進新科學，堅定并滿懷熱忱，D選項“強有力而謹慎”正確，A選項“務實并虛偽”和B選項“謹慎并矛盾”錯誤。C選項“大膽并恰到時機”：文章沒有提到在此時是什么時機，大環(huán)境如何有利于笛卡爾推進新科學，故錯誤。因此D選項正確。

33.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句ModernphilosophersnowtracethatnotionbackatleasttoDescartesandSpinoza,butitwasnotexplicitlyarticulateduntilthelateeighteenthcentury,byKant,anddidnotbecomebuiltintothestructureofacademicinstitutionsandthestandardself-descriptionsofphilosophyprofessorsuntilthelatenineteenthcentury.（現(xiàn)代哲學家現(xiàn)在至少可以回溯到笛卡爾和斯賓諾莎，但直到18世紀末，康德才明確提出了這個概念（認識論），直到19世紀末，它才成為學術機構的結構和哲學教授的標準自我描述。），康德提出的概念在19世紀末成為標準，可見影響力巨大，D選項“康德對十九世紀哲學的發(fā)展方向產(chǎn)生了壓倒性的影響”正確；B選項“學術機構在塑造形而上學哲學方面的作用在19世紀急劇增長”中沒有提到形而上學；C選項“19世紀的哲學家們執(zhí)行了由笛卡爾和斯賓諾莎明確列出的調(diào)查程序”中，笛卡爾和斯賓諾莎最先提出，但主要是使用康德的概念。A選項“19世紀的哲學以科學作為理解知識基礎的模式”：根據(jù)第三段第一句Thedemarcationofphilosophyfromsciencewasfacilitatedbythedevelopmentintheearlynineteenthcenturyofanewnotion,thatphilosophy’scoreinterestshouldbeepistemology,thegeneralexplanationofwhatitmeanstoknowsomething.（19世紀早期，一種新觀念的發(fā)展促進了哲學與科學的區(qū)分，即哲學的核心興趣應該是認識論，即對認識事物的一般解釋。），可知在這時哲學與科學分開，哲學的核心是認識論，不符合文章意思。因此D選項正確。

34.觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第二段第一句Thebasisforthisview,however,liesinaseriousmisinterpretationofthepast,aprojectionofmodernconcernsontopastevents.（然而，這種觀點基于對過去的嚴重誤解，是將現(xiàn)代的關注投射到過去的事件上。），可知作者認為過去與現(xiàn)在不同，解讀方式就不同，不能用當下的態(tài)度解讀歷史，所以B選項“不能把今天的意識歸結于歷史人物，從而歪曲歷史”正確。A選項“歷史不應該強調(diào)思想的作用而忽視個人的作用”，C選項“歷史不應該主要集中在那些與現(xiàn)在最相關的過去事件上”和D選項“歷史應該關注描述過去與現(xiàn)在最不同的那些方面”文章沒有提到。因此B選項正確。

35.主旨大意題。文章在開頭提出現(xiàn)代哲學家的觀點，然后提出這是錯誤的，再通過回溯這些觀點的起源糾正錯誤觀點，文章最后一句提到還可以繼續(xù)回溯，所以D選項“通過描述其起源來糾正錯誤的信仰”正確。A選項“比較兩個相互競爭的模型”，B選項“分析一個難以理解的理論”和C選項“為一個理論提供新證據(jù)”是文章內(nèi)容的一部分，不足以概括全文。因此D選項正確。

13.單選題

Jamesisquite（）withthecustomsandlanguagesofthepeopleinthatpartofthecountry.

問題1選項

A.knowledgeable

B.common

C.aware

D.familiar

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。knowledgeable“博學的”;common“普遍的”;aware“意識到的”;familiar“熟悉的”。句意：詹姆斯對這個國家的這個地區(qū)人們的習俗和語言都相當熟悉。選項D符合題意。

14.單選題

TheworseningcrisisattheFukushimaPowerStationinJapanhasledtoinevitablecomparisonswiththe1986Chernobylnucleardisasterthatkilledworkersattheplantinstantly,causedcancersinthesurroundingpopulationandspreadradioactivecontaminationsofarthatlivestockrestrictionsarestillinplaceatsomefarmsaroundtheUkraine.

ThesituationatFukushimaiscertainlygraveandimmediatelydangerousforthoseatthesitewhoarefightingtomakethecrippledreactorsandfuelstoragepondssafe.

ButwhateverwarningsarenowbeingissuedbyforeigngovernmentstotheircitizensinJapan,therearesignificantdifferencesthatsetthisapartfromthecatastropheinUkraine.

AtChernobylthenuclearreactorexplodedafterasurgeinpowerthatblewthetopoffthepowerplantandsenthotfuelhighintotheupperatmosphere,whereitfloatedacrossnationalborders.Afirethatbrokeoutinthegraphitecoreforcedmoreradioactivematerialintotheair,helpingitspreadfurther.Thereactorhadnocontainmentfacilitytoevenslowthereleaseofradiationfromtheplant.

TheFukushimaboilingwaterreactorisa40-year-oldpowerplantandithassomeglaringdesignflaws,butthereactorshavebeenswitchedoffforfivedays,sothereislessfreshradioactivematerialaround,andeachcoreiscontainedwithina20cm-thicksteelcontainer,whichisthenprotectedbyasteel-linedreinforcedconcreteouterstructure.Eveninthecaseofameltdown,thesemeasuresshouldatleastlimittheamountofradiationreleased.

Butwhatofthepopulationbeyond?Theriskfromradiationfallsoffsubstantiallywithdistance.Theauthoritieshavealreadyimposedanexclusionzoneof12milesaroundthepowerstation,introducedfoodbansanddispensedpotassiumiodidepillstothoseinthesurroundingarea.

Forthemoredistantpopulation,themostseriousradioactivesubstancesthatwouldbereleasedarecaesium-137andiodine-131.Theseareextremelyvolatile,socanbecarriedalongway.Butdangerousdosesarenotlikelytotravelfaronthewind.Thedangercomeswhenradioactiveiodineandcaesiumraindownontheground,onthepastureland,forexample,andlivestockeatit.Cowsconcentrateradioactiveiodineintheirmilk.Radioactivecaesiumaccumulatesinmuscles,andinthepasthasbuiltupingrazingsheep.Thethreattohumansthencomesfromdrinkingmilkandeatingcontaminatedmeat.Bothcanraisetheriskofcancer—iodineespeciallybybeingabsorbedintochildren’sthyroidglands.

WhathappenedatChernobyl,whichwasamuchmoreseriousaccidentthanthis,wasthatthelocalSovietauthoritieswereindenial,theydidn’tgetpeopleoutofthearea,theydidn’tevacuatequicklyenough,andtheyallowedchildrentocontinuetodrinkheavilycontaminatedmilk,andasaconsequence,manychildrenreceivedhighdosesofradiationtothethyroidandwe’veseenthousandsofthyroidcancersasaconsequence.

1.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

4.TheChernobylwasregardedasaseriousaccidentbecause（）.

問題1選項

A.EyeingJapan,CountriesReassessNuclearPlans.

B.LessonsforJapanfromtheChernobylCatastrophe.

C.RecentEventsinFukushimaEvokedWorldwideCare.

D.Japan’sHorrorRevealsHowThinIstheEdgeWeLiveon.

問題2選項

A.theriskofradiationspreadingwideinJapanremains

B.thehealthimplicationsofleaksintotheseawouldbelimited

C.thedisasterinJapanhasmucheffectonnuclearpolicyworldwide

D.JapanandUkrainetookthesamemeasuresindealingwithdisaster

問題3選項

A.TherearesomeobviousdesigndefectsinFukushima’spowerplant.

B.Theradioactivesubstancesmaycausedeathtothedistantpopulation.

C.Potassiumiodidetabletscanguardagainstsomeeffectsofradiationexposure.

D.UnliketheFukushimaplant,Chernobyl’sreactorlackedacontainmentfacility.

問題4選項

A.peoplefailedtoadoptsomeeffectivemeasurestoprotectthemselves

B.manyvolunteersrushedtheretofighttomakethecrippledreactorssafe

C.radioactivesubstancescouldspreadasfaras20milesalongwiththewind

D.thegovernmentdeniedthecatastrophetherestillthreatenedpeople’slife

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.文章第三段指出,日本福島核泄漏事故和烏克蘭切爾諾貝利核災難相比有顯著的差異,由此可以推斷,之所以差異巨大是因為日本從切爾諾貝利核災難中汲取了教訓,選項B作為標題更恰當。

2.選項B和C在文中沒有信息提及,所以無法推導出來;選項D表述錯誤。根據(jù)第六段第二句“Theriskfromradiationfallsoffsubstantiallywithdistance.”輻射的風險隨著距離的越遠而大大降低。由此推斷,輻射在日本蔓延的風險依然存在。所以選項A符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第七段的一二句可知,對于更遙遠的人群來說,釋放出的最嚴重的放射性物質(zhì)是銫-137和碘-131。它們極易揮發(fā),所以可以攜帶很長時間。但是危險的劑量不太可能在風中傳播很遠。也就是說,這些放射性物質(zhì)不會導致遠方居民死亡。所以選項B錯誤。

4.根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知,切爾諾貝利的事故之所以如此嚴重,是因為當?shù)卣裾J事故,他們沒有及時讓人們撤離,他們讓孩子繼續(xù)喝污染嚴重的牛奶。也就是說政府否認那里的災難仍然威脅著人們的生命,選項D符合原文。

15.單選題

Nanotechnologyseemstoholdthekeythatallowsconstructionandbuildingmaterialsto（

）thefeaturesofnaturalsystemsimproveduntilperfectionduringmillionsofyears.

問題1選項

A.replicate

B.copycat

C.pirate

D.borrow

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。replicate意為“復制，再生”；copycat意為“盲目模仿者”；pirate意為“盜竊”；borrow意為“借用”。

句意：納米技術似乎掌握著關鍵，使建筑和建筑材料能夠復制自然系統(tǒng)的特征，在數(shù)百萬年中不斷改善直到完美。

16.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.

Myeldestdaughter,anInternetconsultant,isonly30,butshehasalreadylivedinfivedifferenthousesinfivedifferentplacesandhashadaboutsixdifferentjobs.EverytimeIvisither,Inoticehowmanynewthingsthereareinherhouse,andhowmanythingslieunused,outofdate.Whatisevenmorestrikingishowmanythingstherearewhicharenotexpectedtolast—disposablethings.Disposableplatesandglasses,disposabletowelsandbabies,nappies(尿布).Itsometimesseemsthatweliveinanageofthedisposable.

（1）Thisphenomenonofconstantchangerunsthrougheverythinginlifenowadays,fromfashiontomusic,frommedicinetomotorcars,fromeducationtoemployment.Twoimportantfactorsseemtobedrivingthesechanges.Thefirstistherapidgrowthinknowledgeandtheconsequentrapiddevelopmentoftechnology.Thesecondistherevolutionincommunications,whichmeansthatknowledgeisspreadfasterandmorewidelythanever.Ourtimesareoftencalled“theinformationage”andtheeffectistobringabout“theknowledgeeconomy”.Newtechnologiesandnewknowledgebringabouttheneedfornewskills.（2）

Thespeedwithwhichthesetechnologiesarebeingcreatedissuchthatallofusarefacedwiththechallengeoflearningnewskills,notjustonce,butseveraltimes.Whatweknewyesterdayisoftenobsoletetoday.

Iremembermydaughtersayingtothatshewasat“thecuttingedge”ofherparticularfield.Butwithinfiveyears,shesaid,shewouldhavetodosomethingnewanddifferenttokeepup.Thereisagreatneedforflexibilityandproblem-solvingthanbefore.Tasksrequireagreaterintegrationofskills.

（3）Therewardsoflifegotothemulti-skilled,toflexibleteamsofworkerseachcapableofcontributinginarangeofways.

（4）Tosucceedinthisnewworldofwork,individualswillhavetoregardtheircareersnotjustasaprocessofgatheringexperience,butasaprocessoflearningnewthingsonanalmostcontinuousbasis.Allthissuggeststomethattherelationshipbetweeneducationandemploymenthaschangedradicallyoverthelastfewyears.

（5）OnecouldsummarizethechangebysayingthatwhenIlearnedthingsinordertoachievelife-longemploymentwhilemychildrenneedtopursuelife-longlearninginordertostayemployed.

【答案】1.這種不斷變化的現(xiàn)象如今貫穿著生活中的一切，從時裝到音樂，從醫(yī)藥到“摩托車”，從教育到就業(yè)。

2.創(chuàng)造技術的速度是這樣的，我們大家都面臨著不只是一次，而是多次地學習新技能的挑戰(zhàn)。

3.生活的獎賞趨向多種技能，以及每個職工在一個靈活的團隊能夠在多方面做出貢獻。

4.為了在這種新的工作世界中成功，個人將不得不考慮自己的事業(yè)不僅是一種收集經(jīng)驗的過程，也是一個連續(xù)不斷地學習新事物的過程。

5.人們可以總結說，我學東西是為了獲得終生的就業(yè)機會，而我的孩子則需要終生學習，以維持就業(yè)。

17.寫作題

Inthispart,youarerequiredtowriteanessayofnolessthan200wordsonWhatMadeLiNaSuchaGreatTennisPlayer?Theessayshouldbebasedontheoutlinebelow:

1.SomepeoplemaintainthatLi’ssuccesshasentirelyreliedonherownhardwork;

2.Othersholdtheviewthatthestate-runsportssystemhaslaidasolidfoundationforhertoflyalone;

3.Youropinions.

【答案】WhatMadeLiNaSuchaGreatTennisPlayer?

Asisknowntoall,LiNaisthemostincredibletennisplayerinChina.Uptonow,shehasgotfoursingletitlesandtwodoubletitlesofWTA,andwhat’smore,sheisthefirstChineseplayerwhohasgotthesingletitleduringtheWTAtour.Besides,sheisthefirsttop-tenplayerinChinawhohasgotNo.7sofar.

WhenitcomestoLiNa’sathleticachievements,peoplecannothelpaskingsuchaquestion:WhatMadeLiNaSuchaGreatTennisPlayer?

AccordingtoarecentinvestigationconductedbyasportingorganizationinChina,43.6percentofrespondentsholdtheviewthatLiNa,ssuccessreliescompletelyonherownhardwork.Whenshewasonlysixyearsold,shebegantopractiseplayingtennis.Duetoherarduoustrainingonthesportsground,shebecameaprofessionalplayer.Asshewasnotusedtothetrainingstyleinthestate-runsportssystem,shebrokeawayfromthestate-runsportssystemandbegantoflyalone.

However,56.4percentofrespondentsarguethatthestate-runsportssystemhaslaidasolidfoundationforhertoflyalone.Herfellowplayershadtheirstricttrainingwithherandbecameherrivals.IfithadnotbeenforLiNa’spastexperienceinthestate-runsportssystem,shecouldnothavebeenasuccessfulplayerandshecouldnothaveflownalonelateron.

Inmyopinion,LiNa’shardworkandherflyingalonearethetwoindispensableelementsofhersuccess.Bothelementsarecomplementary.It’shardtoimagineherflyingalonewithouthardworkwithinthestate-runsportssystemorherhardworkwithinthissystemwithoutflyingalone.

18.單選題

I’msorry（

）solong.IforgottotellyouinadvancewhereIhadbeen.

問題1選項

A.tokeepyouwait

B.tokeepyouwaiting

C.tokeepyouwaited

D.tohavekeptyouwaiting

【答案】D

【解析】句意我抱歉讓你等了這么久。我忘記提前告訴你我在哪里了。

語法題。考查完成時態(tài)。由句中關鍵詞“IforgottotellyouinadvancewhereIhadbeen我忘記提前告訴你我在哪里了”可知“你等了這么久”這個事情發(fā)生在過去的過去，故這里應該用完成時態(tài)，由此知D項“tohavekeptyouwaiting”正確。

19.單選題

Intheprofessionswherewomen（）numerically,itwouldbereasonabletoexpectthemtoholdseniorpositions.

問題1選項

A.tolerate

B.integrate

C.predominate

D.accumulate

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析題。tolerate忍受，容忍；integrate使...完整；predominate支配，主導，在...中占優(yōu)勢；accumulate累積，積聚。句意：在婦女數(shù)量上占優(yōu)勢的職位中，期望她們擔任高級職位也是合情合理的。所以選項C符合句意。

20.單選題

Shesaysthefilesshelookedatweren’tconfidentialandwere（）forconsultationbyanyseniormemberofstaff.

問題1選項

A.freeavailable

B.freelyavailing

C.freeavailably

D.freelyavailable

【答案】D

【解析】語法和固定搭配。根據(jù)空格前的be動詞were可知，空格處的中心詞應該是一個形容詞。available“可獲得的，可購得的”；availably“有效用地，可獲得地”；availing為動詞avail的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。所以排除選項B和C。形容詞前可有副詞修飾，freely“免費地，自由地”，free“免費的，自由的”。句意：她說她看的文件不是機密的，并且任何高級職員都可以免費獲得這些文件的咨詢。選項D符合題意。

21.翻譯題

雨落無聲，記憶擱淺。用心觸摸著那絲絲微雨的柔美，透過時空的壁壘，蒼老的故地，深沉的腳印，朦朧的身影，和那被歲月侵蝕的滿懷柔情，在腦海里徘徊得太過雜亂無章，每當想要細細品味時，卻不知從何道來。于是只能介乎在半夢半醒之間，任滄桑褪盡昔日芳華，孑然一身，譜寫出風花雪月的篇章。人生若只如初見，那冥冥中注定的驚鴻一瞥，定格一瞬間，卻又轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝，帶走了無限的想象和無盡的回憶。

【答案】Rainfallssilently,andmemoryisstranded.Thesoftnessofthegentlerainistouchedbytheheartthroughthebarriersoftimeandspace,theoldhometown,thedeepfootprints,thehazyfigure,andthetenderfeelingsthathavebeenerodedbytheyears.Wanderinginthemessymind,wheneverIwanttoponderit,IdonotknowwhereIshouldstart.ThenIcanonlylettheyouthfadewithvicissitudesoflifebetweendreamsandawakenings.Withbeingallaloneintheworld,Iwritearomantictheme.Iflifeisonlyasitwasatthefirstsight,thedestinedglance