考研考博-英語-中國海洋大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-中國海洋大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Fewerandfeweroftoday’sworkersexpecttospendtheirworkinglivesinthesamefield,____thesamecompany.

問題1選項

A.allelse

B.muchworse

C.letalone

D.lesslikely

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.allelse其他所有B.muchworse更糟糕的是

C.letalone更不必說D.lesslikely更不可能

【答案】C

【考查點】語義銜接

【解題思路】前文提到“如今越來越少的工人想在同一個領(lǐng)域（inthesamefield）度過他們的工作生涯”，后文內(nèi)容為“同一家公司（thesamecompany）”，根據(jù)前后語義可知，從“同一個領(lǐng)域”到“同一家公司”，工人們不愿意的程度是增加的，空格前后為程度增加的兩個名詞短語，C選項letalone“更不必說”，相當(dāng)于一個連詞，符合原文語境。

【干擾項排除】

A選項allelse“其他所有”，不符合原文語義銜接；

B選項muchworse“更糟糕的是”，不符合原文語義銜接；

D選項lesslikely“更不可能”，形容詞或副詞短語，不單獨并列兩個名詞短語。

【句意】如今越來越少的工人想一直在同一個領(lǐng)域工作，更不用說同一家公司了。

2.單選題

TheboardofDirectorsdecidedthatmoreyoungmenwhowerequalifiedwouldbe（）importantpositions.

問題1選項

A.insertedinto

B.furnishedwith

C.installedin

D.attributedto

【答案】C

【解析】考查短語搭配。insertinto“插入，寫入”；furnishedwith“提供”；installedin“把……安裝于”；attributeto“歸因于……”。根據(jù)youngman與importantpositions可知是將“合格的年輕人放到重要的位置”，選項C符合題意。

3.填空題

（1）

totheCanadianmedia,thereiswidespread（2）ofthegovernment'splantoreformhighereducation.Angry（3）againstthemeasurehavebeenorganizedinseveralmajorcities.

【答案】1.according;

2.criticism;

3.people

【解析】1.固定搭配。Accordingto根據(jù)。

2.語義題。第二空填名詞，由后面的關(guān)鍵信息Angry和against可知填criticism(批評)符合題意。

3.語義題。第三空為主語的一部分,謂語動詞為organized(組織),同時受Angry修飾，結(jié)合上下文可以填people。

4.單選題

On（）featureofsupermarketisthatithiresfewerclerks,whichcutdownonthecostofsale.

問題1選項

A.extinct

B.instinct

C.distinctive

D.instinctive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。extinct"滅絕的,絕種的";instinct"本能,直覺,天性";distinctive"有特色的,與眾不同的";instinctive"本能的,直覺的,天生的"。句意：超市最大的特點是雇傭的店員少,這就降低了銷售成本。選項C符合句意。

5.單選題

PricesforcarsintheU.S.canrun______$20,800.

問題1選項

A.ashighas

B.sohighas

C.sohighto

D.sohighthat

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.ashighas高達B.sohighas那么高

C.sohighto如此高D.sohighthat如此高以致于……

【答案】A

【考查點】固定搭配。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子意思“美國的汽車價格______20800美元”可知，空格處填入“高達”符合句意，且as…as…為固定搭配，表示“和……一樣”。因此，該題選擇A項。

【干擾項排除】

B、C項沒有這個用法；

D項后面一般要跟句子。

【句意】在美國，汽車的價格可高達20800美元。

6.單選題

Earlyresearchonattitudesassumedthattheywerecasuallyrelatedtobehavior;thatis,theattitudespeopleholddeterminewhattheydo.Commonsense,too,suggestsarelationship.Isn’titlogicalthatpeoplewatchtelevisionprogramstheylike,orthatemployeestrytoavoidassignmentstheyfinddistasteful?

However,inthelate1960s,thisassumedeffectofattitudesonbehaviorwaschallengedbyareviewoftheresearch.Oneresearcher—LeonFestinger—arguedthatattitudesfollowbehavior.Didyouevernoticehowpeoplechangewhattheysay.soitdoesn’tcontradictwhattheydo?PerhapsafriendofyourshasconsistentlyarguedthatthequalityofUScarsisn’tuptothatofimportsandthathe’dneverownanythingbutaJapaneseorGermancar.Buthisdadgiveshimalate-modelFordMustang,andsuddenlyUScarsaren'tsobad.Festingerarguedthatthesecasesofattitudefollowingbehaviorillustratetheeffectsofcognitivedissonance.Cognitivedissonancereferstoanyincompatibilityanindividualmightperceivebetweentwoormoreattitudesorbetweenbehaviorandattitudes.Festingerarguedthatanyformofinconsistencyisuncomfortableandthatindividualswillattempttoreducethedissonanceand,hence,thediscomfort.Theywillseekastablestate,inwhichthereisaminimumofdissonance.

Researchhasgenerallyconcludedthatpeopleseekconsistencyamongtheirattitudesandbetweentheirattitudesandtheirbehavior.Theydothisbyalteringeithertheattitudesorthebehaviororbydevelopingarationalizationforthediscrepancy.Tobaccoexecutivesprovideanexample.Howyoumightwonderdothesepeoplecopewiththeongoingbarrageofdatalinkingcigarettesmokingandnegativehealthoutcomes?Theycandenythatanyclearcausationbetweensmokingandcancer,forinstance,hasbeenestablished.Theycanbrainwashthemselvesbycontinuallyarticulatingthebenefitsoftobacco.Theycanacknowledgethenegativeconsequencesofsmoking,butrationalizethatpeoplearegoingtosmokeandthattobaccocompaniesmerelypromotefreedomofchoice.Theycanaccepttheresearchevidenceandbeginactivelyworkingtomakelessdangerouscigarettesoratleastreducetheiravailabilitytomorevulnerablegroups,suchasteenagers.Ortheycanquittheirjobbecausethedissonanceistoogreat.

Noindividual,ofcourse,cancompletelyavoiddissonance.Youknowthatcheatingonyourincometaxiswrong,butyou“fudge”thenumbersabiteveryyearandhopeyou’renotaudited.Oryoutellyourchildrentoflosstheirteetheveryday,butyoudon’t.Sohowdopeoplecope?Festingerwouldproposethatthedesiretoreducedissonancedependsontheimportanceoftheelementscreatingitandthedegreeofinfluencetheindividualbelieveshehasovertheelements;individualswillbemoremotivatedtoreducedissonancewhentheattitudesorbehaviorareimportantorwhentheybelievethatthedissonanceisduetosomethingtheycancontrol.Athirdfactoristherewardsofdissonance;highrewardsaccompanyinghighdissonancetendtoreducethetensioninherentinthedissonancebecausetheyallowustoeasilyrationalizeit.

1.ThepurposeofmentioningtheTVprogramspeoplewatchinthefirstparagraphistoshow（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingcasescanillustrate“dissonance”？

3.PeopleseekconsistencyamongtheirattitudesandbetweentheirattitudesandtheirbehaviorbydoingmanythingsEXCEPTby（）.

4.Theauthorwantstotellus（）bygivingtheexampleoftobaccoexecutives.

5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothelastparagraph?

問題1選項

A.thatpeopleholddifferentattitudestowarddifferentTVprograms

B.thatpeople’sattitudesdeterminetheirbehaviors

C.thatpeople’sbehaviorsdeterminetheirattitudes

D.thatthereexistsareversiblerelationshipbetweenpeople’sattitudesandtheirbehaviors

問題2選項

A.Employeestrytoavoidassignmentstheyfinddistastefi.il.

B.AyoungmanlikeJapanesecars,buthisfatherbuyshimaUScar.

C.Youknowthatcheatingonyourincometaxiswrong.

D.Youtellyourchildrentoflosstheirteetheveryday,butyoudon’t.

問題3選項

A.alteringtheirattitudes

B.alteringtheirbehavior

C.developingtherationaldiscrepancy

D.rationalizingthediscrepancy

問題4選項

A.whysomanypeoplequittheirjobs

B.howpeoplereducethedissonance

C.howpeople’sattitudesdeterminetheirbehavior

D.whypeople’sattitudesareinconsistentwiththeirbehavior

問題5選項

A.Highrewardsdecreasepeople’sdesiretoreducethedissonance.

B.Highrewardspromptpeopletoreducethedissonance.

C.Ifpeoplebelievethatthedissonanceisduetosomethingtheycancontrol,thedissonancecanbeavoided.

D.Peoplearelikelytogethigherrewards,iftheycanrationalizetheirbehavior

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“theattitudespeopleholddeterminewhattheydo.”，可知作者的提出的一個觀點是人們的態(tài)度決定了他們的行為。所以可推斷接下來的例子都是用來進一步證明這個觀點。選項B符合題意。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Festingerarguedthatthesecasesofattitudefollowingbehaviorillustratetheeffectsofcognitivedissonance.Cognitivedissonancereferstoanyincompatibilityanindividualmightperceivebetweentwoormoreattitudesorbetweenbehaviorandattitudes.”，可知認知失調(diào)是指個體在兩種或兩種以上的態(tài)度之間或行為與態(tài)度之間所感知到的任何不一致?？赏茢郿issonance涉及到不一致的問題。所以告訴孩子用牙線但自己卻不用，就體現(xiàn)了這種認知的不一致。選項D符合題意。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第二句，“Theydothisbyalteringeithertheattitudesorthebehaviororbydevelopingarationalizationforthediscrepancy.”，可知他們會通過改變態(tài)度，或者改變行為，或者為這種差異找合理的解釋來解決不一致的問題。所以C項“發(fā)展合理化的不一致”文章沒有提及。選項C符合題意。

4.推斷題。文章第三段首先提到了人們解決不一致性問題的方法，下文舉出了煙草公司高管的例子，可推斷作者用實例來進一步說明人們減少不一致性的具體方法。選項B符合題意。

5.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“highrewardsaccompanyinghighdissonancetendtoreducethetensioninherentinthedissonance”，可知高回報伴隨著高失調(diào)，減少不一致的內(nèi)在張力。所以高回報是可以降低人們減少不一致的欲望。選項A符合題意。同時可排除B選項。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“individualswillbemoremotivatedtoreducedissonancewhentheattitudesorbehaviorareimportantorwhentheybelievethatthedissonanceisduetosomethingtheycancontrol.”，可知當(dāng)態(tài)度或行為很重要，或者當(dāng)他們認為這種不一致是由他們能夠控制的事情造成時，個人會更有動力去減少這種不協(xié)調(diào)?？膳懦鼵選項。D選項提到如果人們能使自己的行為合理化，他們就有可能獲得更高的回報，在文中并未提及。選項A符合題意。

7.單選題

Paulwasso______abouthisbaldnessthatheworeahat,whetheritwaswinterorsummer.

問題1選項

A.self-composed

B.self-conscious

C.self-confessed

D.self-confident

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.self-composed鎮(zhèn)定的，沉著的B.self-conscious難為情的，自己意識到的

C.self-confessed自動坦白的，公開承認的D.self-confident自信的

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】由baldness（禿頂）可知，Paul對此是難為情的，所以self-conscious符合句意。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D選項都不符合句意。

【句意】保羅對自己的禿頂感到很難為情，無論是冬天還是夏天，他都戴帽子。

8.單選題

Heaskedmetolendhimsomemoney,whichIagreedtodo,（）thathepaidmebackthefollowingweek.

問題1選項

A.onoccasion

B.onpurpose

C.oncondition

D.onlyif

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項onoccasion“間或，有時”，例句：Ithas,onoccasion，createdtroubleforthebank.(有時，這給銀行造成麻煩。)；B選項onpurpose“故意”，例句：Icamehereonpurposetoseeyou.（我特地來這里看你。)；C選項oncondition“在……條件下，如果，倘若”，例句：Youcangooutonconditionthatyouwearanovercoat.(你要穿上外套才能出去。)；D選項onlyif“只要，只有”。用于句首時，后面主句的主謂語要倒裝，例如：Onlyifateacherhasgivenpermissionisastudentallowedtoenterthisroom.（只有得到老師的允許，學(xué)生才可以進這屋。)。四個選項中只有C選項oncondition后面跟that從句，表示“在……條件下”。句意：他向我借錢，我同意了，但條件是下周還錢。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是C選項。

9.單選題

Thetownsquarereallylooksmagnificentatnightwhenitis（

）

問題1選項

A.illuminated

B.decorated

C.furnished

D.inhabited

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。illuminated“被照明的”；decorated“裝飾的，修飾的”；furnished“家具，有家具的”；inhabited“有人居住的”。句意：當(dāng)燈光照亮?xí)r，夜晚的城市廣場看上去真的很宏偉。選項A符合題意。

10.單選題

Thereferenceshemadetoherfriend,thepoet,wasinterestingbuttoo（）foranyonetoappreciate.

問題1選項

A.drastic

B.dull

C.obscure

D.distinct

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項drastic“激烈的；猛烈的”；B選項dull“鈍的；遲鈍的；無趣的；呆滯的”；C選項obscure“昏暗的；晦澀的；不清楚的；隱蔽的”；D選項distinct“明顯的；獨特的；清楚的；有區(qū)別的”。句意：她對她詩人朋友的提及盡管令人關(guān)注，但是卻太晦澀而沒有人能理解。根據(jù)句中“buttoo但是卻太”可知“晦澀的”符合語境，因此C選項正確。

11.單選題

Intheprofessionswherewomen（）numerically,itwouldbereasonabletoexpectthemtoholdseniorpositions.

問題1選項

A.tolerate

B.integrate

C.predominate

D.accumulate

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析題。tolerate忍受，容忍；integrate使...完整；predominate支配，主導(dǎo)，在...中占優(yōu)勢；accumulate累積，積聚。句意：在婦女?dāng)?shù)量上占優(yōu)勢的職位中，期望她們擔(dān)任高級職位也是合情合理的。所以選項C符合句意。

12.單選題

Spiesmayhaveanumberof______namesandpapers.

問題1選項

A.artificial

B.synthetic

C.false

D.pretended

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項artificial“（力求自然）人造的”，anartificiallimb“假肢”；B選項synthetic“（用化學(xué)物質(zhì)人工）合成的”，syntheticdrugs“合成藥物”；C選項false“偽造的”，afalsepassport“假護照”；D選項pretended“假裝的”。句意：間諜可能有許多______的名字和文件。根據(jù)語境，間諜為了假冒身份，有許多false“偽造的”文件。因此C選項正確。

13.填空題

Personsinresponsiblepositionsmaybeabductedorassassinatedonthegroundsthattheyare“representatives”ofsomeinstitutionorsystemwhichtheirassailantsareopposed.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Dwhich改為towhich

【解析】【考查點】定語從句。

【解題思路】D部分到句尾是修飾someinstitutionorsystem的定語從句，beopposedto為固定搭配，意思為“反對……”，介詞to置于引導(dǎo)詞which前。

【句意】負責(zé)人可能被綁架或暗殺，其原因是他們是攻擊者所反對的某些機構(gòu)或制度的“代表”。

14.單選題

Themoonisnotaplanet（）theplanetsinmanyrespects.

問題1選項

A.resembling

B.whichresembles

C.butresemblanceto

D.althoughitresembles

【答案】D

【解析】語法題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞not和inmanyrespect可知此句句意為：盡管月球在許多方面與行星相似，但它不是行星。因此D項符合句意和語法。

15.單選題

Somepeoplethinktheycanreadaman’s________fromhishandwriting.

問題1選項

A.attribute

B.feature

C.property

D.character

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項attribute“屬性，特質(zhì)”；B選項feature“特色，特征”；C選項property“財產(chǎn)”；D選項character“性格，特性”。句意：一些人認為他們可以從一個人的筆跡中看出這個人的（）。從筆跡中看出來的是人的性格特點，A，B，D都有性格的意思，但是attribute一般指一個群體的特性，比如說Patienceisoneofthemostimportantattributesinateacher.（耐心是作為老師最重要的特性之一）；feature指的是一種外顯的特征，一眼看得出來不需要推測，比如說Hereyesarehermoststrikingfeature.（她容貌中最引人注目的特點是她的雙眼）；character指的是人的性格特點；所以答案選D。

16.單選題

MalaysiaandIndonesiarelyonopenmarketsforforestandfisheryproducts.______,someAsiancountriesarehighlyprotectionist.

問題1選項

A.Naturally

B.Conversely

C.Deliberately

D.Evidently

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A項naturally“自然地”，B項conversely“相反地”，C項deliberately“故意地，緩慢而謹慎地”，D項evidently“顯然，明顯地，清楚地”。由openmarkets“開放市場”和protectionist“貿(mào)易保護主義的”可知，前后語義是相反的，conversely符合語境。句意：馬來西亞和印度尼西亞的森林和漁業(yè)產(chǎn)品依賴開放市場；相反，一些亞洲國家貿(mào)易保護主義色彩濃厚。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

17.單選題

Parentsoftenfacedthe______betweendoingwhattheyfeltwasgoodforthedevelopmentofthechildandwhattheycouldstandbywayofundisciplinednoiseanddestructiveness.

問題1選項

A.paradox

B.junction

C.dilemma

D.premise

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項paradox“悖論，反論；似是而非的論點；自相矛盾的人或事”；B選項junction“連接，接合；交叉點；接合點”；C選項dilemma“困境；進退兩難；兩刀論法”；D選項premise“前提，假定；（常復(fù)數(shù)）商店、餐館、公司等使用的房屋及土地；（常復(fù)數(shù)）上訴各項”。句意：父母們經(jīng)常面對這樣的兩難處境，是選擇做他們認為的對孩子發(fā)展好的事情呢，還是選擇對其放任自流。因此C選項正確。

18.單選題

Thenumberoffemalebossesoflargefirmsremainsstubbornlysmall.NotsingleoneonFrance’sCAC40shareindexoronGermany'sDAXindexisrunbyawoman.InAmerica，only15chiefexecutivesofFortune500companiesarewomen.Britaindoesbetter,butnotmuch:fiveoftheFTSE-100firmshavefemalebosses.

OnJuly6ththeEuropeanParliamentpassedaresolutioncallingforEU-widelegislationstipulatingthatatleast40%ofseatsonlistedcompanies’supervisoryboardswillbereservedforwomenby2020.Thisdoesnotobligememberstatestodoanything,butitreflectsaspreadingmood.TheGermangovernmentisconsideringwhethertoimposequotas.Americaisnot,butnewrulesfromtheSecuritiesandExchangeCommissionwillrequirefirmstorevealwhat,ifanything,theyaredoingtoincreasediversityatthetoptable.

VivianeReding,theEUcommissionerforjustice,arguesthatcompulsionistheonlywaytoovercomeentrencheddiscrimination.InMarch,sheposteda“WomenontheBoardPledgeforEurope”onherwebsite.Onlysevencompanieshavesignedupsofar.

Thereisapowerfulbusinesscaseforhiringmorewomentoruncompanies.Theyaremorelikelytounderstandthetastesandaspirationsofthelargestgroupofconsumersintheworld,namelywomen.Theyrepresentanunderfishedpooloftalent.McKinsey,aconsultancy,recentlylookedat89listedcompaniesinEuropewithaveryhighproportionofwomeninseniormanagementpostsandcomparedtheirfinancialperformancewiththeaverageforfirmsinthesameindustry.Itfoundthatthesefirmsenjoyedahigherreturnonequity,fatteroperatingprofitsandamorebuoyantshareprice.Theauthorsdescribedthecorrelationbetweenpromotingwomenanddoingwellas“striking”，thoughtheyadmittedthattheycouldnotprovewhatwascausingwhat.Itispossiblethatfirmsthatarealreadydoingwelltendtohiremorefemaledirectors.Ontheotherhand,astudybyAmyDittmarandKennethAhemoftheRossSchoolofBusinessattheUniversityofMichiganfoundthatfirmsthatwereforcedtoincreasetheshareofwomenontheirboardsbymorethantenpercentagepointssawonemeasureofcorporatevalue(theratioofmarketcapitalizationtothereplacementvalueofassets,knownasTobin’sQ)fallby18%.

Ifquotasaren’ttheanswer,whatis?Thequestionisfiendishlycomplex.Inmostrichcountries,womendoaswellasmenorevenbetteratschoolanduniversity.InAmerica,mostnewmaster’sdegreesareawardedtowomen.Womenalsoholdmorethanhalfoftheentry-leveljobsatAmericanblue-chipcompanies.

Butcorporatewomenstarttofallbehindtheirmalepeersrightfromthebeginning.Theyarelessaggressivethanmenwhennegotiatingtheirfirstsalaryandeverysubsequentpayrise.LindaBabcockofCarnegieMellonUniversityfoundthathermalegraduatestudentssecuredstartingsalaries7.6%higherthanherfemalegraduatestudents.Ingeneral,menarefourtimesmorelikelytoaskforapayrisethanwomenare.Compoundedovertime,thismakesahugedifference.

Thehigheryougazeupthecorporateladder,thefewerwomenyousee.AccordingtoCatalyst,aresearcherinNewYork,womenare37%ofthemiddlemanagersinbigAmericanfirms,28%oftheseniormanagersandamere14%ofexecutive-committeemembers.

Thewaypatronageandpromotionworkwithinthecorporateworldmaycountagainstwomen.Nearlyalltheexecutiveswhorisetothetophavehadapowerfulbacker,accordingtoSylviaAnnHewlett，theauthorof“TheSponsorEffect”，areportfortheHarvardBusinessReview.YetwomenoftenfailtocultivatewhatMs.’Hewlettcalls“relationshipcapital”.Theyhesitatetocallinfavorsforfearofseemingpushy.Andmanyareafraidofthegossipthatacloserelationshipwithaseniormalecolleaguemightprovoke.

Nodoubtallofthisplaysitspart.Butamuchbiggerobstacletoputtingmorewomeninboardroomsisthatsomanystruggletobalanceworkandafamily.Partlybecauseitissotrickytojugglekidsandacareer,manyhighlyablewomenoptforjobswithpredictablehours,suchashumanresourcesoraccounting.Theyalsogravitatetowardsfieldswheretheirskillsarelesslikelytobecomeobsoleteiftheytakeacareerbreak,whichisperhapsonereasonwhynearlytwo-thirdsofnewAmericanlawgraduatesarefemalebutonly18%ofengineers.

Somegovernmentstryhardtohelpwomencombineacareerandfamily.FranceandtheScandinaviancountrieshelpwithchildcare.Crechesandnurseriesarcsubsidized.Stateschoolswillhangontothelittlemonsterswellintotheevening.ThiscontrastsstarklywithAmericanandBritishschools,whichbootthemoutlongbeforeanadult’sworkdayisover.Americanparentsmustalsosquarethecircleofultra-shortholidaysforgrown-upsandabsurdlylongonesforkids.

Womenbringuniquestrengthstoacompany,reckonsLisaGersh,thebossofMarthaStewartLivingOmnimedia,amerchandisingandmediafirmfoundedbyalifestyleguru.Theyaremorecollaborativethanmen,saysMsGersh,andbetteratmultitasking.Thosewithchildrenquicklybecomeefficient.Theyknowthattheyhavetobehomeatacertaintime.

1.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainfocusofthispassage?

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredtrueaccordingtothepassage?

3.Allofthefollowingarebelievedtoaccountforthedisproportionaterepresentationofwomenin

businesstopEXCEPT（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheadvantageofcareerwomenaccordingtothepassage?

5.Tohighlighthis/herpointsandconvincethereaders,theauthorofthispassagemainlyrelieson

（）.

問題1選項

A.Thedilemmaofbusinesswomen.

B.Thediscriminationagainstwomeninthefieldofbusiness.

C.Theconcernaboutthefactthattopwomenexecutivesaresofewandwhyitisso

D.Howtoeradicatethediscriminationagainstwomeninbusinessandtheeffect

問題2選項

A.ScandinaviancountriesaremoreegalitarianandfemininethanBritainandUSA

B.Peopleunanimouslywelcomethequotassystemtoincorporatemorewomenintotheboardroom.

C.Womenwhobenefitfromquotaspracticeinvariablypromotethedevelopmentoftheirbusinesses.

D.Americanwomenareingeneralthebesteducatedandalsothemostequallytreatedinbusiness.

問題3選項

A.Womenareheldbackbythedilemmaofdealingwithfamilyandwork.

B.Thepowerfulbackersavailabletosuccessfulmenaredeniedofwomen.

C.Womendon’tenjoythesameopportunityforbettereducationthanmen

D.Womenarelessaggressiveandlagbehindtheircounterpartsfromtheverybeginningoftheircareer.?

問題4選項

A.Cooperative

B.Multitasking

C.Efficient

D.flextime

問題5選項

A.dataandfigures

B.personalexperiences

C.assertionsbasedonpersonalobservations

D.appealingtoreaders’sentimentsandemotions

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。本文主要提出了高級女主管很少的現(xiàn)象，并且對此分析了原因。

2.推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段“Somegovernmentstryhardtohelpwomencombineacareerandfamily.FranceandtheScandinaviancountrieshelpwithchildcare.ThiscontrastsstarklywithAmericanandBritishschools,whichbootthemoutlongbeforeanadult’sworkdayisover.Americanparentsmustalsosquarethecircleofultra-shortholidaysforgrown-upsandabsurdlylongonesforkids.一些政府努力幫助女性把事業(yè)和家庭結(jié)合起來。法國和斯堪的納維亞國家?guī)椭鷥和Ｓ?。這與美國和英國的學(xué)校形成了鮮明的對比，美國和英國的學(xué)校在一個成年人的工作日結(jié)束之前就把他們趕出去了。美國的父母還必須為成年人安排超短的假期，為孩子安排長得荒唐的假期?！笨芍▏退箍暗募{維亞國家比英國和美國更加平等，更加重視女性，故A項正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由倒數(shù)第四段及第三段“Thewaypatronageandpromotionworkwithinthecorporateworldmaycountagainstwomen.Nearlyalltheexecutiveswhorisetothetophavehadapowerfulbacker,accordingtoSylviaAnnHewlett，theauthorof“TheSponsorEffect”，areportfortheHarvardBusinessReview.YetwomenoftenfailtocultivatewhatMs.’Hewlettcalls“relationshipcapital”.Theyhesitatetocallinfavorsforfearofseemingpushy.Andmanyareafraidofthegossipthatacloserelationshipwithaseniormalecolleaguemightprovoke.Nodoubtallofthisplaysitspart.Butamuchbiggerobstacletoputtingmorewomeninboardroomsisthatsomanystruggletobalanceworkandafamily.在企業(yè)界，贊助和晉升的工作方式可能不利于女性。西爾維亞?安?休利特(SylviaAnnHewlett)是《哈佛商業(yè)評論》(HarvardBusinessReview)的一篇報告《贊助商效應(yīng)》(theSponsorEffect)的作者，她認為，幾乎所有升到高層的高管都有一個強有力的支持者。然而，女性往往無法培養(yǎng)出休利特所說的“關(guān)系資本”。他們不愿尋求幫助，擔(dān)心會顯得咄咄逼人。還有很多人擔(dān)心與男同事的親密關(guān)系會引發(fā)流言蜚語。毫無疑問，所有這些都發(fā)揮了作用。但讓更多女性進入董事會的一個更大障礙是，太多女性難以平衡工作和家庭?？芍狝BD項在文中都有提及，故C項正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。由最后一段“Theyaremorecollaborativethanmen,saysMsGersh,andbetteratmultitasking.Thosewithchildrenquicklybecomeefficient.Theyknowthattheyhavetobehomeatacertaintime.她們比男性更善于合作，Gersh女士說，而且更擅長多任務(wù)處理。那些有孩子的人很快就會變得有效率。她們知道她們必須在特定的時間回家?！笨芍殬I(yè)女性的優(yōu)勢是善于合作，能夠處理許多任務(wù)，并且高效。故答案D。

5.推理判斷題。全文通過一些數(shù)據(jù)來分析女性高管少的現(xiàn)象及原因。故A項正確。

19.單選題

Itgoeswithoutsayingthatpeoplewhorefuseto（

）withthelawwillbepunished.

問題1選項

A.conceal

B.consent

C.abide

D.comply

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項conceal“隱藏，隱瞞”；B選項consent“同意，準許”；C選項abide“忍受”；D選項comply“遵守”。

句意：不言而喻，拒絕遵守法律的人將受到懲罰。complywith意為“遵守”，所以選項D正確。

20.單選題

Itwasreally（）ofyoutoremembermybirthday.

問題1選項

A.grateful

B.considerate

C.considerable

D.generous

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項grateful“感謝的，令人愉快的”；B選項considerate“體貼的，考慮周到的”，例句：I’vealwaysunderstoodoneshouldtryandbeconsiderateofotherpeople.（我一直認為一個人應(yīng)該盡量為他人著想。）；C選項considerable“相當(dāng)大的，重要的，值得考慮的”，例句：Hebroughttothejobnotjustconsiderableexperiencebutpassionateenthusiasm.（他不僅給這一工作帶來了不少經(jīng)驗，而且傾注了極大的熱情。）；D選項generous“慷慨的，大方的”。句意：你還記得我的生日，真是太體貼了。由選項意思和句意可知，B選項符合句意。

21.寫作題

Forthispart,youarerequiredtowriteacompositionofnolessthan150wordsaccordingto/hefollowingtopic.PleasewriteyourcompositionclearlyontheAnswerSheetprovided

TOPIC:

Doyouwanttotakeajobthatiswell-payingbutdemandshighlyorajobthatpaysyoumoderatelybutdemandslightly?Pleasechooseoneoptionandwriteanessayofatleast150words.Pleaseuseadequatematerialtosupportyourposition.

【答案】MyChoiceonJob22.單選題

Inmodernsociety,peoplehavemoreandmoreanxietyindailylifeaswellasinworkbecauseofthe（）ofthecitylife.

問題1選項

A.speed

B.rhythm

C.velocity

D.tempo

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A:speed“速度；快速”；B:rhythm“節(jié)奏”；C:velocity“速率”；D:tempo“［樂］速度，拍子”。句意：在現(xiàn)代社會，由于城市生活的節(jié)奏，人們在日常生活和工作中都有更多焦慮。結(jié)合此處語境，B為正確答案。

23.單選題

Toourgreatdelight,yesterdaywereceiveda（n）（）donationfromabenefactor.

問題1選項

A.handsome

B.awesome

C.miserly