考研考博-英語-廈門軟件職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廈門軟件職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Itisdifficultto______ofaplantoendpoverty.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.speculate

B.conceive

C.ponder

D.reckon

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)speculate“推測(cè)；推斷；投機(jī)；思索”；B選項(xiàng)conceive“懷孕；構(gòu)思；以為；持有；設(shè)想；考慮”；C選項(xiàng)ponder“仔細(xì)考慮；衡量；考慮；沉思”；D選項(xiàng)reckon“測(cè)算，估計(jì)；認(rèn)為；計(jì)算；猜想，料想”。conceiveof“設(shè)想；以為；想象；構(gòu)思”。句意：想出一個(gè)消除貧困的計(jì)劃是很難的。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Ifyouintendusinghumorinyourtalktomakepeoplesmileyoumustknowhowtoidentifysharedexperiencesandproblems.Yourhumormustberelevanttotheaudienceandshouldhelptoshowthemthatyouareoneofthemorthatyouunderstandtheirsituationandareinsympathywiththeirpointofview.Dependingonwhomyouareaddressing,theproblemswillbedifferent.Ifyouaretalkingtoagroupofmanagers,youmayrefertothedisorganizedmethodsoftheirsecretaries;alternativelyifyouareaddressingsecretariesyoumaywanttocommentontheirdisorganizedbosses.

Hereisanexample,whichIheardatanurses’convention,ofastorywhichworkswellbecausetheaudienceallsharedthesameviewofdoctors.AmanarrivesinheavenandisbeingshownaroundbySt.Peter.Heseeswonderfulaccommodations,beautifulgardens,sunnyweather,andsoon.Everyoneisverypeaceful,politeandfriendlyuntil,waitinginalineforlunch,thenewarrivalissuddenlypushedasidebyamaninwhitecoat,whorushestotheheadoftheline,grabshisfoodandstompsovertoatablebyhimself.“Whoisthat?”thenewarrivalaskedSt.Peter.“Oh,that’sGod.”Camethereply,butsometimeshethinkshe’sadoctor.

Ifyouarepartofthegroupwhichyouareaddressing,youwillbeinapositiontoknowtheexperiencesandproblemswhicharecommontoallofyouandit'llbeappropriateforyoutomakeapassingremarkabouttheinediblecanteenfoodorthechairman’snotoriousbadtasteinties.Withotheraudiencesyoumustn’tattempttocutinwithhumorastheywillresentanoutsidermakingdisparagingremarksabouttheircanteenortheirchairman.YouwillbeonsafergroundifyousticktoscapegoatslikethePostOfficerorthetelephonesystem.

Ifyoufeelawkwardbeinghumorous,youmustpractice,sothatitbecomesmorenatural.Includeafewcasualandapparentlyoff-the-cuffremarkswhichyoucandeliverinarelaxedandunforcedmanner.Oftenit’sthedeliverywhichcausestheaudiencetosmile,sospeakslowlyandrememberthataraisedeyebroworanunbelievinglookmayhelptoshowthatyouaremakingalight-heartedremark.

Lookforthehumor.Itoftencomesfromtheunexpected.Atwistonafamiliarquote“Ifatfirstyoudon’tsucceed,giveup’’oraplayonwordsoronasituation.Searchforexaggerationandunderstatements.Lookatyourtalkandpickoutafewwordsorsentenceswhichyoucanturnaboutandinjectwithhumor.

1.Tomakeyourhumorwork,youshould（）.

2.Thejokeaboutdoctorsimpliesthat,intheeyesofnurse,theyare（）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatpublicservices（）.

4.Toachievethedesiredresult,humorousstoriesshouldbedelivered（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.takeadvantageofdifferentkindsofaudience

B.addressdifferentproblemstodifferentpeople

C.makefunofthedisorganizedpeople

D.showsympathyforyourlisteners

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.impolitetonewarrivals

B.verybusyevenduringlunchhours

C.entitledtosomeprivileges

D.veryconsciousoftheirgodlikerole

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.haveoftenbeenthelaughingstock

B.arethefocusofpublicattention

C.areaninappropriatesubjectforhumor

D.havebenefitedmanypeople

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Inwell-wordedlanguage

B.asawkwardlyaspossible

C.ascasuallyaspossible

D.inexaggeratedstatements

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“為了讓你的幽默奏效，你應(yīng)該怎么做？”文章第一段第一句話提到“如果你想讓你幽默感染他人，使他人發(fā)笑，那么你需要知道分辨共同的經(jīng)歷和問題”(Ifyouintendusinghumorinyourtalktomakepeoplesmileyoumustknowhowtoidentifysharedexperiencesandproblems)；第一段第三句話提到“交流對(duì)象不同，問題也會(huì)不同”(Dependingonwhomyouareaddressing,theproblemswillbedifferent.)由此可知選項(xiàng)B“針對(duì)不同的人提不同的問題”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。題目問的是“關(guān)于醫(yī)生的笑話暗示了，在護(hù)士眼里，醫(yī)生怎么樣？”文章第二段最后兩句話提到“Whoisthat?”thenewarrivalaskedSt.Peter.“Oh,that’sGod.”Camethereply,“butsometimeshethinkshe’sadoctor.”由此可知醫(yī)生常常認(rèn)為自己是上帝，選項(xiàng)D“非常清楚自己的上帝角色”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。題目問的是“從文章可推斷出公共服務(wù)……”。文章第三段主要講述了針對(duì)不同的群體，能用來當(dāng)笑話講的內(nèi)容不一樣，如果使用不當(dāng)?shù)脑?，?huì)引來他人的厭惡（theywillresentanoutsidermakingdisparagingremarksabouttheircanteenortheirchairman），而如果是用郵局或者電話局來做“替罪羊”的話倒是一個(gè)好的選擇（YouwillbeonsafergroundifyousticktoscapegoatslikethePostOfficerorthetelephonesystem.），由此可知，郵局和電話局經(jīng)常被當(dāng)作笑料。選項(xiàng)A“經(jīng)常成為笑柄”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“為了到達(dá)預(yù)期效果，幽默故事應(yīng)該被怎么傳遞？”文章第四段提到“如果你在讓自己變得幽默的過程中感到尷尬，你需要多加練習(xí)讓自己變的自然。你可以用一種輕松的、自然的方式把那些隨意的、即興的話說出來”（Ifyoufeelawkwardbeinghumorous,youmustpractice,sothatitbecomesmorenatural.Includeafewcasualandapparentlyoff-the-cuffremarkswhichyoucandeliverinarelaxedandunforcedmanner），因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.單選題

People’sexpectationsaboutthefuturemayhavemoreinfluenceontheirsenseofwell-beingthantheir（）statedoes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.current

B.initial

C.modern

D.primitive

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。current“現(xiàn)在的，最近的”；initial“最初的”；modern“現(xiàn)代的”；primitive“原始的”。句意：人們對(duì)未來的期望，相比他們現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，可能對(duì)他們的幸福感產(chǎn)生更大的影響。由題干中的future以及than可推知此空應(yīng)填與future相對(duì)應(yīng)的表示時(shí)間狀態(tài)的詞，故A項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.單選題

IntheUnitedStates,thefirstdaynursery,wasopenedin1854.Nurserieswereestablishedinvariousareasduringthe（1）halfofthe19thcentury;mostof（2）werecharitable.ButinEuropeandintheU.S.,thedaynurserymovementreceivedgreat（3）duringtheFirstWorldWar,when（4）ofmanpowercausedtheindustrialemploymentofunprecedentednumbersofwomen.InsomeEuropeancountriesnurserieswereestablished（5）inmunitionsplants:underdirectgovernmentsponsorship.（6）thenumberofnurseriesintheU.S.alsorose（7）thisrise,wasaccomplishedwithoutgovernmentaidofanykind.DuringtheyearsfollowingtheFirstWorldWar,（8）,federal,State,andlocalgovernmentsgraduallybegantoexerciseameasureofcontrol（9）thedaynurseries,chieflyby（10）themandbyinspectingandregulatingtheconditionswithinthenurseries.

The（11）oftheSecondWorldWarwasquicklyfollowedbyanincreaseinthenurseriesinalmostallcountries,aswomenwere（12）calledupontoreplacemeninthefactories.Onthis（13）theU.S.governmentimmediatelycametothesupportofthenurseryschools,（14）$6.000,000inJuly,1942,foranurseryschoolprogramforthechildrenofworking.AlotStatesandlocalcommunities（15）thisFederalaid.Bytheendofthewar.inAugust,1945,morethan100,000childrenwerebeingcared（16）indaycarecentersreceivingFederal（17）.Soonafterward,theFederalgovernment（18）cutdownitsexpendituresforthispurposeandlater（19）them,causingasharpdropinthenumberofnurseryschoolsinoperation.However,theexpectationthatmostemployedmotherswouldleavetheir（20）attheendofthewarwasonlypartlyfulfilled.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.late

B.latter

C.other

D.first

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.those

B.them

C.whose

D.imitation

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.imitation

B.input

C.impetus

D.initiative

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.sources

B.abundance

C.shortage

D.reduction

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.hardly

B.entirely

C.only

D.even

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.Because

B.As

C.Although

D.Since

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.unanimously

B.sharply

C.Predominantly

D.militantly

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.therefore

B.consequently

C.however

D.moreover

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.over

B.in

C.at

D.about

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.formulating

B.labeling

C.patenting

D.licensing

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.outset

B.outbreak

C.breakthrough

D.breakdown

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.again

B.thus

C.repeatedly

D.Yet

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.Circumstance

B.occasion

C.case

D.situation

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.regulating

B.summoning

C.allocating

D.transferring

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.expanded

B.facilitated

C.compensated

D.supplemented

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.by

B.after

C.of

D.for

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.pensions

B.subsidies

C.revenues

D.budgets

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.prevalently

B.furiously

C.statistically

D.drastically

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.abolished

B.diminished

C.jeopardized

D.precluded

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.nurseries

B.homes

C.jobs

D.children

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

第6題:C

第7題:B

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:A

第11題:B

第12題:A

第13題:B

第14題:C

第15題:D

第16題:D

第17題:B

第18題:D

第19題:A

第20題:C

【解析】第1題:1.考查形容詞辨析。由上文可知，美國第一家日托所建于1854年，日托所在各地普遍建立應(yīng)該是在19世紀(jì)后半期。thelatterhalf為后半期。故B項(xiàng)正確。

2.mostof后面接人稱代詞。句意：大多數(shù)幼兒園都是慈善性質(zhì)的。

3.考查名詞辨析。imitation模仿；input輸入；initiative主動(dòng)權(quán)；impetus推動(dòng)，促進(jìn)，動(dòng)力；句意：日托所在一戰(zhàn)期間受到了很大的推動(dòng)。

4.考查名詞辨析。sources來源;abundance豐富，充裕;shortage短缺;reduction減少。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)勞動(dòng)力短缺使得大量的女性被雇傭。由下文的industrialemployment…可知是由于勞動(dòng)力短缺，故C項(xiàng)正確。

5.考查副詞辨析。句意：在政府直接倡導(dǎo)下，歐洲一些國家建立了日托所，甚至在軍火工廠里也建了日托所。軍火工廠相對(duì)國家的其他地方來說，層次加深了，故用even.

6.考查邏輯連詞。由下文thisrise,wasaccomplished…可知前后句是讓步關(guān)系，故用although。

7.考查副詞辨析。unanimously全體一致地，無異議地;sharply急劇地；predominantly主要地，支配其他地；militarily在軍事上。只有sharply能修飾動(dòng)詞rose。句意：盡管美國托兒所數(shù)目急劇增長，但并未得到政府的任何資助。

8.考查邏輯連詞。前一句提到美國的一些托兒所沒有政府資助，該空后面的句子又提到聯(lián)邦政府以及當(dāng)?shù)卣_始逐漸對(duì)托兒所進(jìn)行控制，前面兩種是轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系。

9.考查固定搭配。controlover控制，支配。

10.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。formulate規(guī)范;label貼標(biāo)簽于，分類；patent取得專利權(quán);license許可，特許。由后半句的inspect和regulate可知聯(lián)邦政府對(duì)托兒所進(jìn)行規(guī)范化管理。句意：然而在一戰(zhàn)后的幾年中，聯(lián)邦政府和地方政府開始采取措施來控制托兒所，主耍通過檢查和規(guī)范化化來管理控制托兒所。故A項(xiàng)正確。

11.考查名詞辨析。outset開端，開始:outbreak爆發(fā)；breakthrough突破：breakdown崩潰，故障。此句句意為二戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā)，故B項(xiàng)正確。

12.考查邏輯關(guān)系。在上一段中提到了一戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)時(shí)，由于勞動(dòng)力短缺，大量雇傭女性。二戰(zhàn)中女性又被號(hào)召去替補(bǔ)工廠里的男性。所以要填again.

13.考查名詞辨析。circumstance環(huán)境，狀況；occasion時(shí)機(jī)，機(jī)會(huì)；case情況；situation情形；ontheoccasion在那時(shí)，能與介詞on搭配的只有B項(xiàng)。

14.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。regulate規(guī)定，調(diào)節(jié)；summon召集、召喚；allocate分配;transfer轉(zhuǎn)讓，轉(zhuǎn)移。由上句可知美國政府大力支持托兒所，又由空格后的數(shù)字可推知此句表達(dá)的意思應(yīng)為美國政府分配了600萬美元用于托兒所的發(fā)展。故C項(xiàng)正確。

15.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。expanded膨脹、擴(kuò)充；facilitated使容易、使便利；compensated補(bǔ)償、償還；supplemented補(bǔ)充,補(bǔ)全。句意：許多州和地方團(tuán)體對(duì)聯(lián)邦政府資助進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充。

16.考查詞組辨析。carefor關(guān)系，照顧。

17.考查名詞辨析。pensions養(yǎng)老金，退休金；subsidies補(bǔ)助金，津貼；revenues國家的收入，稅收；budgets預(yù)算。句意：一百多萬兒童在接受聯(lián)邦津貼的日托中心里受到照顧。

18.考查副詞辨析。prevalently普遍地，流行地；furiously狂暴地，猛烈地;statistically統(tǒng)計(jì)上地;drastically激烈地，徹底地。由后文的asharpdrop可知此空應(yīng)填drastically，由于大量削減用于日托所的開支，導(dǎo)致了托兒所的劇減。故D項(xiàng)正確。

19.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。abolish廢除;diminish使減少，變小;jeopard危害，危及；precluded排除。前句提到托兒所大幅度減少支出，后來應(yīng)該是廢除了，所以才導(dǎo)致運(yùn)營中的日托所大幅減少。故A項(xiàng)正確。

20.考查名詞辨析。上文提到了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)時(shí)大多數(shù)女性被工廠雇傭來替代男性的工作，在戰(zhàn)后可推知很多男性回到了工廠，自然不需要這么多女性來替代他們的工作，所以很多被雇傭的母親離開他們的工作這一愿望得到了實(shí)現(xiàn)。故C項(xiàng)正確。

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5.單選題

Byastrange____,bothcandidateshavecomeupwiththesamesolutiontotheproblem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.coincidence

B.encounter

C.chance

D.overlap

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.coincidence巧合，同時(shí)發(fā)生B.encounter偶然遇見

C.chance意外，偶然，運(yùn)氣D.overlap重疊

【考查點(diǎn)】語義銜接與名詞辨析

【解題思路】后文提到“兩位候選人都提出了相同的解決方案”，這是一種巧合，并且該詞受strange“奇怪的”修飾，因此A選項(xiàng)coincidence“巧合”符合原文語義。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)encounter“偶然遇見”，指意外、突然或暴力的會(huì)面；

C選項(xiàng)chance“意外”，與strange“奇怪的”不搭；

D選項(xiàng)overlap“重疊”，指一個(gè)物體的一部分與另一個(gè)物體的一部分占據(jù)相同的區(qū)域。

【句意】一個(gè)奇怪的巧合，兩位候選人都提出了相同的解決方案。

6.單選題

TheBritisharenotsofamiliarwithdifferentculturesandotherwaysofdoingthings,（）isoftenthecaseinothercountries.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.what

C.so

D.thatTherearefewelectronic

【答案】A

【解析】句意:英國人對(duì)于不同的文化和其他的行為方式不是很熟悉，在其他國家情況也是如此。

語法題?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。逗號(hào)后面部分“isoftenthecaseinothercountries”結(jié)構(gòu)不完整，缺少主語。因此該處應(yīng)該是非限制性定語從句。因此A項(xiàng)正確，構(gòu)成表達(dá)“asisoftenthecase(是常有的情形)”。

7.單選題

Myeldestsisterwentonwiththestoryandyoungchildrenaroundher（）withwonderful!”fromtimetotime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.brokeout

B.brokeoff

C.brokein

D.brokeup

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。breakout“爆發(fā)，突發(fā)”；breakoff“折斷，突然停止”；breakin“打斷，闖入”；breakup“打碎，結(jié)束”，句意：我的姐姐繼續(xù)講故事，圍在她身邊的小孩子時(shí)不時(shí)地打斷歡呼“太棒了！”。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

8.單選題

Alotofchildrenhavebeendeprivedofanormalhomelife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ensured

B.stripped

C.accused

D.inquired

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)ensured“確?！保籅選項(xiàng)stripped“剝奪”；C選項(xiàng)accused“控告”；D選項(xiàng)inquired“詢問”。句意：許多孩子被剝奪了正常的家庭生活。劃線部分deprived是剝奪的意思。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Idon’teverwanttotalkaboutbeingawomanscientistagain.Therewasatimeinmylifewhenpeopleaskedconstantlyforstoriesaboutwhatit’sliketoworkinafielddominatedbymen.IwasneververygoodattellingthosestoriesbecausetruthfullyIneverfoundtheminteresting.WhatIdofindinterestingistheoriginoftheuniverse,theshapeofspace-limeandthenatureofblackholes.At19,whenIbeganstudyingastrophysics,itdidnotbothermeintheleasttobetheonlywomanintheclassroom.ButwhileearningmyPh.D.atMITandthenasapost-doctordoingspaceresearch,theissuestartedtobotherme.Myeveryachievementjobs,researchpapers,awardswasviewedthroughthelensofgenderpolitics.Soweremyfailures.Sometimes,whenIwaspushedintoanargumentonleftbrainversusrightbrain,ornatureversusnurture,1wouldinstantlyfightfiercelyonmybehalfandallwomankind.

Thenonedayafewyearsago,outofmymouthcameasentencethatwouldeventuallybecomemyreplytoanyandallprovocations:Idon’ttalkaboutthatanymore.Ittookme10yearstogetbacktheconfidenceIhadat19andtorealizethatIdidn’twanttodealwithgenderissues.Whyshouldcuringsexismbeyetanotherterribleburdenoneveryfemalescientist?Afterall,Idon’tstudysociologyorpoliticaltheory.

TodayIresearchandteachatBarnard,awomen’scollegeinNewYorkCity.Recently,someoneaskedmehowmanyofthe45studentsinmyclasswerewomen.Youcannotimaginemysatisfactionatbeingabletoanswer45.Iknowsomeofmystudentsworryhowtheywillmanagetheirscientificresearchandadesireforchildren.AndIdon’tdismissthoseconcerns.StillIdon’ttellthem“war”stories.Instead,Ihavegiventhemthis:thevisualoftheirphysicsprofessorheavilypregnantdoingphysicsexperiments.Andinturntheyhavegivenmetheimageof45womendrivenbyaloveofscience.Andthat’sasightworthtalkingabout.

1.Whydoesn’ttheauthorwanttotalkaboutbeingawomenscientistagain?

2.FromParagraph2,wecaninferthatpeoplewouldattributetheauthor’sfailuresto（）.

3.WhatdidtheauthorconstantlyfightagainstwhiledoingherPh.D.andpost-doctoralresearch?

4.Whydoestheauthorfeelgreatsatisfactionwhentalkingaboutherclass?

5.Whatdoestheimagetheauthorpresentstoherstudentssuggest?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Shefeelsunhappyworkinginmale-dominatedfields

B.Sheisfedupwiththeissueofgenderdiscrimination.

C.Sheisnotgoodattellingstoriesofthekind.

D.Shefindsspaceresearchmoreimportant.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theveryfactthatsheisawoman

B.herinvolvementingenderpolitics

C.herover-confidenceasafemaleastrophysicist

D.theburdenshebearsinamale-dominatedsociety

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Lackofconfidenceinsucceedinginspacescience

B.Unfairaccusationsfrombothinsideandoutsidehercircle

C.People’sstereotypedattitudetowardsfemalescientists

D.Widespreadmisconceptionsaboutnatureandnurture

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Femalestudentsnolongerhavetobotheraboutgenderissues

B.Herstudents’performancehasbroughtbackherconfidence.

C.Herfemalestudentscandojustaswellasmalestudents

D.Morefemalesstudentsarepursuingsciencethanbefore

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Womenstudentsneedn’thavetheconcernsofhergeneration.

B.Womenhavemorebarriersontheirwaytoacademicsuccess.

C.Womencanbalanceacareerinscienceandhavingafamily.

D.Womennowhavefewerproblemspursuingasciencecareer.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ButwhileearningmyPh.D.atMITandthenasapost-doctordoingspaceresearch,theissuestartedtobotherme.Myeveryachievementjobs,researchpapers,awardswasviewedthroughthelensofgenderpolitics.”但當(dāng)我在麻省理工學(xué)院獲得博士學(xué)位，然后作為一名從事太空研究的博士后時(shí)，這個(gè)問題開始困擾我。我的每一項(xiàng)成就——工作、研究論文、獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)——都是通過性別政治的視角來看待的。由此可知，作者受夠了性別歧視的問題。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Myeveryachievementjobs,researchpapers,awardswasviewedthroughthelensofgenderpolitics.Soweremyfailures.”我的每一項(xiàng)成就——工作、研究論文、獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)——都是通過性別政治的視角來看待的，包括我的失敗也是如此。也就是說，人們將作者的失敗歸咎于她是女性這一事實(shí)。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Sometimes,whenIwaspushedintoanargumentonleftbrainversusrightbrain,ornatureversusnurture,1wouldinstantlyfightfiercelyonmybehalfandallwomankind.”有時(shí)，當(dāng)我被迫就左腦與右腦，或先天與后天進(jìn)行辯論時(shí)，我會(huì)立即為我和所有女性的利益展開激烈的斗爭(zhēng)。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，作者在紐約的一所女子學(xué)員進(jìn)行研究和教學(xué)。最近，有人問我班上45個(gè)學(xué)生中有多少是女生。你無法想象我回答45個(gè)時(shí)有多滿足。因?yàn)樗齻冋宫F(xiàn)出45位熱愛科學(xué)的女性形象，選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第三句“Ihavegiventhemthis:thevisualoftheirphysicsprofessorheavilypregnantdoingphysicsexperiments.”相反，我讓她們看到她們物理教授懷著孕還在做實(shí)驗(yàn)的一幕。作者是想讓她的學(xué)生們知道：女性可以在科學(xué)事業(yè)和家庭之間取得平衡。選項(xiàng)C正確。

10.單選題

Noneofthesestudents,includingtheonewhopassedtoday’stestis_______thestandardoflastyear’sstudents.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.upto

C.with

D.on

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)tothestandard非固定搭配；B選項(xiàng)uptothestandard“達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”；C選項(xiàng)withthestandard非固定搭配；D選項(xiàng)onthestandard“按照標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”。句意：包括通過今天測(cè)試的學(xué)生，沒有學(xué)生______去年學(xué)生的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。根據(jù)語境，這里uptothestandard“達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”比較合理，是指和去年的學(xué)生相比，今年的學(xué)生沒有那么優(yōu)秀。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Mostforeigntouristsdon’tfindluxurioushotelsveryattractive.Theyprefertheirholidaystobeexotic.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inexpensive

B.economical

C.plain

D.unusual

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)inexpensive“便宜的”；B選項(xiàng)economical“經(jīng)濟(jì)的”；C選項(xiàng)plain“樸素的”；D選項(xiàng)unusual“不同尋常的”。句意：大多數(shù)外國游客不覺得豪華旅館有吸引力。他們喜歡有異國情調(diào)的假期。劃線部分exotic是異國情調(diào)的意思。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Over350millionpeoplespeakEnglishastheir（

）language.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.native

B.mother

C.female

D.national

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定用法。nativelanguage意為“本地語言”；motherlanguage意為“母語”，符合句意。C選項(xiàng)female“女性的”；D選項(xiàng)national“國家的”均不符合句意。

13.單選題

“ShallItellAnnhowtoimproveherpainting?”

“Yes，but（）ofsuggestionsmaydiscourageher.”

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.alisttoolong

B.toolongalist

C.atoolonglist

D.alistoftoolong

【答案】B

【解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。因?yàn)榭崭窈竺婢o跟的ofsuggestions“……的建議”，所以名詞list要放在詞組最后，即listofsuggestions，因此可以排除A，D選項(xiàng)。too+adj.作定語修飾名詞，而放在名詞前語序?yàn)椋簍oo+adj.+（限定詞）+noun?；蛘邔⑵浞旁诿~后語序是：（限定詞）+noun+too+adj，所以C選項(xiàng)的語序不對(duì)，可排除。句意：我要告訴安如何改進(jìn)她的畫嗎？可以，但是太多的建議可能會(huì)讓她氣餒。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.單選題

Whoeverformulatedthetheoryoftheoriginoftheuniverse,itisjust（

）andneedsproving.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.spontaneous

B.intuitive

C.hypothetical

D.empirical

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。Spontaneous“自發(fā)的，自然的”；intuitive“直覺的，直觀的”；hypothetical“假設(shè)的”；empirical“經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義的”。根據(jù)題意“無論是誰提出了宇宙起源的理論”，這都是需要證明的，說明這只是一個(gè)假設(shè)。所以C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.單選題

Somewomen______agoodsalaryinajobinsteadofstayinghome,buttheydecidednottoworkforthesakeofthefamily.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.mustmake

B.shouldhavemade

C.wouldmake

D.couldhavemade

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：有些婦女本可以在工作中獲得高薪而不是呆在家里，但她們?yōu)榱思彝ザ鴽Q定不工作。mustdo“必須做某事”；shouldhavedone“過去本應(yīng)該做某事卻未做”；woulddo“過去將會(huì)做某事”；couldhavedone“過去本能夠做某事卻未做”。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是過去本可以工作卻沒有去工作，D選項(xiàng)couldhavemade符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Marcyis______bystandardizedtests,butsheislearningtodealwithherfears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pondered

B.impoverished

C.disillusioned

D.intimidated

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)ponder“仔細(xì)考慮，衡量”，B項(xiàng)impoverish“使貧窮，使枯竭”，C項(xiàng)disillusion“使醒悟，使不再抱幻想”，D項(xiàng)intimidate“恐嚇，威脅”。根據(jù)后面的fears（恐懼）可知，D項(xiàng)正確。句意：瑪西被標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化考試嚇倒了，但她正在學(xué)習(xí)處理她的恐懼。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

17.單選題

Heaskedmetolendhimsomemoney,whichIagreedtodo,（）thathepaidmebackthefollowingweek.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.onoccasion

B.onpurpose

C.oncondition

D.onlyif

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)onoccasion“有時(shí)；偶爾”；B選項(xiàng)onpurpose“有目的地，故意地”；C選項(xiàng)oncondition“只要”；D選項(xiàng)onlyif“只要……就……”，引導(dǎo)從句的時(shí)候，一般不接that。由本句后半句“thathepaidmebackthefollowingweek”（他下周還給我）可知這是前者借錢的一個(gè)條件，“只要”符合此處的語境。句意：他要我借給他一些錢，只要他下周能還給我，我就借給他。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

ProfessorSmith’snewinventionhascreatedagreat______onthecampus.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sensation

B.selection

C.imitation

D.irrigation

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A項(xiàng)sensation“感覺，轟動(dòng)”，B項(xiàng)selection“選擇，挑選”，C項(xiàng)imitation“模仿，仿造”，D項(xiàng)irrigation“灌溉”。根據(jù)句子關(guān)鍵詞newinvention“新發(fā)明”可知，空格處填入A項(xiàng)符合語境。句意：史密斯教授的新發(fā)明在校園里引起了很大的轟動(dòng)。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Thefearofsmallpox,whichterrorizedtheeighteenthcentury,hasnoanalogytoday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.occurrence

B.remnants

C.witness

D.parallel

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。analogy表示“類比，類推，類似”；A項(xiàng)occurrence“發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)，事件”，B項(xiàng)remnant“殘余，殘留物”，C項(xiàng)witness“證人，目擊者，證據(jù)”，D項(xiàng)parallel“平行線，對(duì)比”。句意：對(duì)天花的恐懼，曾使18世紀(jì)的人們驚恐萬分，如今卻無法與之相提并論。根據(jù)句意可知，D項(xiàng)符合語境。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

Amajoritytakencollectivelymayberegardedasabeingwhoseopinionsand,mostfrequently,whoseinterestsareopposedtothoseofanotherbeing,whichisstyledaminority.Ifitisadmittedthatamanpossessingabsolutepowermaymisusethatpowerbywronginghisadversaries,whyshouldamajoritynotbeliabletothesamereproach?Menarenotapttochangetheircharactersbyagglomeration;nordoestheirpatienceinthepresenceofobstaclesincreasewiththeconsciousnessoftheirstrength.Forthesereasonsweshouldnotwillinglyinvestanygroupofourfellowswiththatunlimitedauthoritywhichweshouldrefusetoanyindividual.

Onesocialpowermustalwayspredominateoverothers,butlibertyisendangeredwhenthispowerischeckedbynoobstacleswhichmayretarditscourseandforceittomoderateitsownvehemence.Unlimitedpowerisinitselfabadanddangerousthing,andnopoweronearthissoworthyofhonorforitselforofreverentialobediencetotherightswhichitrepresentsthatweshouldadmititsuncontrolledandall-predominantauthority.Whentherightandmeansofabsolutecommandareconferredonapeopleoraking,onanaristocracyorademocracy,amonarchyorarepublic,therehasbeenimplantedthegermoftyranny.

ThemainevilofthepresentdemocraticinstitutionsoftheUnitedStatesdoesnotarise,asisoftenassertedinEurope,fromtheirweakness,butfromtheiroverpoweringstrength;theexcessivelibertywhichreignsinthatcountryisnotsoalarmingasistheveryinadequatesecuritywhichexistsagainsttyranny.

WhenanindividualorapartyiswrongedintheUnitedStates,towhomcanheapplyforredress?Iftothepublicopinion,publicopinionconstitutesthemajority;iftothelegislature,itrepresentsthemajorityandimplicitlyobeysitsinjunctions;iftotheexecutivepower,itisappointedbythemajorityandremainsapassivetoolinitshands;thepublictroopsconsistofthemajorityunderarms;thejuryisthemajorityinvestedwiththerightofhearingjudicialcases,andincertainstateseventhejudgesareelectedbythemajority.Howeveriniquitousorabsurdtheevilcomplainedabout,nosurebarrierisestablishedtodefendagainstit.

1.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthepassage?

2.Withwhichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthorofthepassagebemost