考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東電子職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東電子職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Astheartistwas（）topollen,heseldomwentintothecountrytosketchthenaturalbeautyinspring.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.destructive

B.allergic

C.fragile

D.unchallenged

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞搭配題。destructive破壞的，毀滅性的；allergic過(guò)敏的，beallergictosth.指對(duì)某物過(guò)敏；fragile脆的，易碎的；unchallenged不回避的。句意：由于藝術(shù)家對(duì)花粉過(guò)敏，所以他春天很少去鄉(xiāng)下寫(xiě)生。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

2.單選題

Shefelloffherhorseandbadly（

）herself.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wounded

B.damaged

C.injured

D.harmed

【答案】C

【解析】同義詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)wound“受傷”；B選項(xiàng)damage“損害”；C選項(xiàng)injure“傷害”；D選項(xiàng)harm“危害”。句意：她從馬上摔下來(lái)，受了重傷。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有受傷的意思，但wound側(cè)重于在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中受傷；damage通常指對(duì)無(wú)生命物體造成的損害；injure側(cè)重于意外事故導(dǎo)致的傷害；harm側(cè)重于導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的后果。所以選項(xiàng)C更符合語(yǔ)境。

3.填空題

AustrianphysicianAlfredAdlertheorizedthatpeopleareprimarilymotivatedtoovercomeinherentfeelingsof________.(inferior)

【答案】inferiority

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】名詞。

【解題思路】feelingsof________是名詞所有格結(jié)構(gòu)，所以橫線(xiàn)處應(yīng)為名詞。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞inherentfeelings，可知這里講的和感受相關(guān)，feelingofinferiority的意思為“自卑感”，inferiority符合語(yǔ)境。

【句意】奧地利醫(yī)生阿爾弗雷德?阿德勒提出理論，即人們的動(dòng)機(jī)主要是克服內(nèi)在的自卑感。

4.單選題

FossilsarethetracesofplantsandanimalsofpastgeologicalagesthathavebeenpreservedintheEarth'scrust

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.registers

B.residue

C.profusion

D.precursors

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。trace意為“蹤跡，痕跡”；register意為“注冊(cè)，登記”；residue意為“殘留物，殘?jiān)?；profusion意為“大量，眾多”；precursor意為“先驅(qū)，先鋒”。

句意：化石是過(guò)去地質(zhì)時(shí)代的動(dòng)植物在地殼中保存下來(lái)的痕跡。

5.單選題

Onlyaselectednumberoflandladiesintheneighborhoodhavebeenallowedbytheuniversitytotakein____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.residents

B.lodgers

C.settlers

D.inhabitants

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.residents居民；旅客B.lodgers租客

C.settlers移民D.inhabitants居民

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析

【解題思路】根據(jù)原句前文中的landladies“女房東”推斷，該處指的應(yīng)該是租房的租客。B選項(xiàng)lodgers“租客”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)residents指的是某地的居民或者旅店的旅客；

C選項(xiàng)settlers“移民”；

D選項(xiàng)inhabitants既可以指人，即某地的居住者；也可以指棲息在某處的動(dòng)物。

【句意】這所大學(xué)只允許附近幾位經(jīng)過(guò)挑選的女房東接收房客。

6.單選題

5.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Herdaughterlikesballgames.

B.Herdaughterisanexcellentgirl.

C.Sheandherdaughteraregoodfriends.

D.Sheandherdaughterwon’tunderstandeachother.

【答案】D

【解析】W:I’vebeensoworriedaboutmydaughter.She’ssodifferentintemperamentfromme.Wearenotalwaysonthesamewheeling.

M:That’squitecommonwithmothersanddaughters.

W:Sheisafurtherpersonalityandverymuchontheball,butsheisanexcitablechild.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】常用習(xí)語(yǔ)。女士說(shuō)：Wearenotalwaysonthesamewheeling，意思是他們經(jīng)常無(wú)法達(dá)成一致。

7.單選題

Peoplehavewonderedforalongtimehowtheirpersonalitiesandbehaviorsareformed.Itisnoteasytoexplainwhyonepersonisintelligentandanotherisnot,orwhyoneiscooperativeandanotheriscompetitive.

Socialscientistsare,ofcourse,extremelyinterestedinthesetypesofquestions.Theywanttoexplainwhywepossesscertaincharacteristicsandexhibitcertainbehaviors.Therearenoclearanswersyet,buttwodistinctschoolsofthoughtonthematterhavedeveloped.Asonemightexpect,thetwoapproachesareverydifferentfromoneanother,andthereisagreatdealofdebatebetweenproponentsofeachtheory.Thecontroversyisoftenreferredtoas“nature/nurture”.

Thosewhosupportthe“nature”sideoftheconflictbelievethatourpersonalitiesandbehaviorpatternsarelargelydeterminedbybiologicalandgeneticfactors.Thatourenvironmenthaslittleifanything,todowithourabilities’,characteristics,andbehavioriscentraltothistheory.Takentoanextreme,thistheorymaintainsthatourbehaviorispredeterminedtosuchadegreethatwearealmostcompletelygovernedbyourinstincts.

Proponentsofthe“nurture”theory,orastheyareoftencalled,behaviorists,claimedthatourenvironmentismoreimportantthanourbiologicallybasedinstinctsindetermininghowwewillact.AbehavioristB.F.Skinnerseeshumansasbeingswhosebehaviorisalmostcompletelyshapedbytheirsurroundings.Thebehaviorists’viewofthehumanbeingisquitemechanistic,theymaintainthat,likemachines,humansrespondtoenvironmentalstimuliasthebasisoftheirbehavior.

Neitherofthesetheoriescanyetfullyexplainhumanbehavior.Infact,itisquitelikelythatthekeytoourbehaviorliessomewherebetweenthesetwoextremes.Thatthecontroversywillcontinueforalongtimeiscertain.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldsupportersofthe“nature”theoryagreewith?

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldproponentsofthe“nurture”theoryagreewith?

3.B.F.Skinner（）.

4.Concerningthenature/nurturecontroversy,thewriterofthisarticle（）.

5.IntheU.S,blackpeopleoftenscorepeopleonintelligencetests.Withthisinmind,whichoneofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Aperson’sinductshavelittleeffectonhisactions.

B.Environmentisimportantindeterminingaperson’sbehaviorandpersonality

C.Biologicalreasonshaveastronginfluenceonhowweact.

D.Thebehaviorists’viewcorrectlyexplainshowweact.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Environmenthaslittletodowithbehavior

B.Behavioristtheoryisnotcorrect

C.Biologicallybasedinstinctsareimportantinhowweact.

D.Apersons’characterisgreatlyinfluencedbyhisenvironment

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.supportsthenaturetheory

B.thinkstheenvironmentplaysanimportantroleindeterminingcharacter

C.believesinstinctsgovernbehavior

D.believesintheimportanceofgenesindeterminingpersonality

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.supportsthenaturetheory

B.supportsthenurturetheory

C.believesbotharecompletelywrong

D.thinksthatthecorrectexplanationofhumanbehaviorwilltakeideasfromboththeories.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Natureproponentswouldsaythatwhitesaregeneticallysuperiortoblacks

B.Nurtureproponentswoulddisagreethatblacksarebiologicallyinferiortowhites

C.Supportersofthenaturetheorywouldsaythatwhitesscorewellbecausetheyhaveasuperiorenvironment

D.Behavioristswouldsaythatblacksoftenlacktheeducationalandenvironmentaladvantagesthatwhitesenjoy

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.根據(jù)第三段第一句“Thosewhosupportthe“nature”sideoftheconflictbelievethatourpersonalitiesandbehaviorpatternsarelargelydeterminedbybiologicalandgeneticfactors.”那些支持“先天性”的人認(rèn)為,我們的個(gè)性和行為模式在很大程度上是由生物學(xué)和基因因素決定的。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第一句可知,“后天性”理論的支持者認(rèn)為,環(huán)境比基于生物學(xué)的本能更能決定我們的行為模式。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.根據(jù)第四段第二句“AbehavioristB.F.Skinnerseeshumansasbeingswhosebehaviorisalmostcompletelyshapedbytheirsurroundings.”行為主義者B.F.Skinner認(rèn)為,人類(lèi)的行為幾乎完全是由周?chē)h(huán)境塑造的。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知,這兩種理論都不能完全解釋人類(lèi)的行為。事實(shí)上,我們行為的關(guān)鍵很可能在這兩個(gè)極端之間。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

5.選項(xiàng)C說(shuō)“先天性”理論的支持者認(rèn)為白人得分高是因?yàn)樗麄儞碛袃?yōu)越的環(huán)境。很顯然是錯(cuò)誤的,因?yàn)榄h(huán)境影響是“后天性”支持者的看法。所以本題選C。

8.單選題

Sheisextremely（）,alwaysreadytoagreewithotherpeople’swishes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mellow

B.moderate

C.adaptable

D.supple

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)mellow“圓潤(rùn)的，柔和的，成熟的”；B選項(xiàng)moderate“穩(wěn)健的，適度的，適中的”；adaptable“適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)的，能適應(yīng)的”；D選項(xiàng)supple“柔軟的。靈活的，逢迎的（含貶義）”。句意：她_____，總是樂(lè)于同意別人的想法。此處A、B和D代入原句都不通順，只有C選項(xiàng)代入譯為“她適應(yīng)性極強(qiáng)”，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.單選題

Relyingonhis（）,thedoctorcuredtheseeminglyincurablepatient.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.approach

B.faith

C.expertise

D.confidence

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)approach“方法，方式”；B選項(xiàng)faith“信仰，信念”；C選項(xiàng)expertise“專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)，專(zhuān)門(mén)技術(shù)”；D選項(xiàng)confidence“自信，信任”，句意：醫(yī)生依靠他的專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)治好了這個(gè)看似無(wú)法治愈的病人。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，C選項(xiàng)符合句意。

10.單選題

Melissaisacomputer（）thatdestroyedfilesincomputersandfrustratedthousandsofusersaroundtheworld.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.genius

B.virus

C.disease

D.bacteria

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“天才，天賦”；B選項(xiàng)“病毒”；C選項(xiàng)“疾病”；D選項(xiàng)“細(xì)菌”，句意：Melissa是一種電腦（），它摧毀了電腦中的文件，讓全世界成千上萬(wàn)的用戶(hù)感到沮喪。本句想表示的是“電腦病毒（computervirus）”，這也是固定搭配，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.單選題

WhenIapproachedtheBritishembassytoapplyavisatoworkonadesignprojectinAberdeen,Ihardlyexpectedthatitwouldtakesixmonthstoobtainone.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.toapplyavisatowork

B.onadesignproject

C.hardly

D.thatitwouldtakesixmonthsto

E.沒(méi)有錯(cuò)誤

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞誤用。動(dòng)詞apply為不及物動(dòng)詞,后面接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)加介詞for。Applyfor申請(qǐng)。

12.單選題

Eventhoughyoumaybeexcitedaboutrelocating,youmaystillmournthelossofafamiliarhome,wayoflife,familyandfriendsleftbehind.“Underestimatingtheemotionalimpactofmovingisthebiggestmistakepeoplemake,”saysPatriciaNida,Psychologistandrelocationconsultant.“Peoplethinkthereissomethingwrongwiththemiftheycan’tcopewiththeemotionalupheavalofmoving.Theydon’trealizeit’snormal.”WhenSheilamovedfromOregontoCalifornia,ittookhernearlyayeartofeelrootedinhernewcommunity.Thentwoyearslater,thefamilymovedbacktoOregon.Whenwecameback,Icouldn’tgetusedtothem.Eachtimewemoved,IfeltlikeIlostapartofmyself.”

“Althougheveryonewhomovesfeelsthislossofidentitytosomeextent,it’susuallymostdisastrousforanon-workingwife”,saysDr.Seidenberg,clinicalprofessorofpsychiatry.“Heridentity,”sayshe,“stemsfromheractivitiesandthetiestothecommunity.Relocatingwipesitallout.Everytimeshemoves,shehastore-establishhercredentials.”“Youcopebyreachingoutandfindingactivitiesandpeoplethatinterestyou,”addsEileenKirsh,aveteranoffourspouse-job-relatedmoves.“Ifyouarelucky,youmeetsomeonecompatible.”

Don’tavoidsayinggoodbye.Itmayseemeasieratthetime,butinthelongrun,itcancreateagreatersenseofloss.Resistthetemptationtosevertieswithyouroldneighborhood.Maintainrelationships.Allowyourselftogothroughtheemotionsassociatedwithmoving,withoutcriticism.Whenyouacquireyournewlivingquarters,introduceyourselftoyournewneighbors.Writeaheadtoyournewhouseofworshipandcommunityorganizationsforinformationonactivitiesandservices.Whenyoufinallymovein,youwillfeelmoreapartofthenewcommunity.Establishfamilytraditionsthatmovewithyou.Doingthingstogetherasafamilymakesyoufeelathome,nomatterwhereyoulive.

Movingisadifficultexperience,butitalsohasmanyadvantages.Psychologistssayitstimulatesgrowth,makesusadaptable,broadensourscopeandgivesustheopportunitytomakenewfriendsandenjoynewexperiences.Asanationandasindividuals,wearestrengthenedbyourpioneerspirit.Andifwecansaveonwearandtear-allthebetter.

13.Whenpeoplemove,they____.

14.Theword“upheaval”inPara.1isclosestinmeaningto____.

15.Researchershavefoundthatmanypeople____.

16.Housewivesaretheworstsufferersfromrelocatingbecausethey____.

17.Theauthoradvisesthereadertotakethingseasyby____.

18.Inconclusion,theauthorproposesthatpeopleshould____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.makethebiggestmistake

B.minimizetheirlosses

C.havemixedfeelings

D.areintrouble

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.uplift

B.violence

C.approval

D.turbulence

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.arebeingashamedofbeingsentimentalaboutlife

B.缺失

C.spendyearsdecidingwheretosettledown

D.oftenfailtoseetheadvantagesofmoving

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.havetofindtheiridentityagain

B.don’tknowhowtomakenewfriends

C.feelitdifficulttogetusedtodifferentclimate

D.havetomovewhentheirhusbandsgetnewjobs

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.keepingthefamilytradition

B.cuttingtieswiththeoldlivingquarters

C.movingaheadoftimetothenewresidence

D.resistingthetemptationtoshowemotion

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.movemorefrequentlyiftheycan

B.learntobepositiveaboutmoving

C.beeconomicalwhentheymove

D.carryonthepioneerspiritandmovetotheWest

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:A

第6題:B

【解析】13.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whenpeoplemove,they____.當(dāng)人們搬家時(shí)，他們____。

A.makethebiggestmistakeA.犯最大的錯(cuò)誤

B.minimizetheirlossesB.減少/小看他們的損失

C.havemixedfeelingsC.心情復(fù)雜

D.areintroubleD.有麻煩

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞peoplemove定位到原文第1段，本段第1句說(shuō)“即使你可能對(duì)搬遷感到興奮（beexcited），你可能仍然會(huì)為失去一個(gè)熟悉的家、生活方式、家人和朋友而悲傷（mournthelossof）?！币虼?，C選項(xiàng)“心情復(fù)雜”表述正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“犯最大的錯(cuò)誤”，定位到第1段第2句，PatriciaNida說(shuō)“低估搬家的情感影響是人們犯的最大錯(cuò)誤”，此處有上下文限制，這句話(huà)表達(dá)的是，“低估搬家的情感影響”是人們?cè)诒话峒視r(shí)犯的最大的錯(cuò)誤；而該選項(xiàng)“犯最大的錯(cuò)誤”沒(méi)有語(yǔ)境限制，表達(dá)的是“搬家時(shí)人們犯的最大的錯(cuò)誤”，因此，該選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，屬于偷換概念；

B選項(xiàng)“減少/小看他們的損失”，原文說(shuō)的是“低估搬家的情感影響”，選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，屬于過(guò)度推理；

D選項(xiàng)“有麻煩”，原文雖然說(shuō)搬家很困難，但最后一段第1句也說(shuō)“搬家是一種艱難的經(jīng)歷，但它也有很多好處（manyadvantages）。”該選項(xiàng)表述不準(zhǔn)確，屬于推理過(guò)度。

14.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Theword“upheaval”inPara.1isclosestinmeaningto____.第1段中的“upheaval”一詞的意思最接近于____。

A.upliftA.提高，增長(zhǎng)；抬起；振奮

B.violenceB.暴力；激烈

C.approvalC.批準(zhǔn)；贊成

D.turbulenceD.騷亂，動(dòng)蕩

【考查點(diǎn)】詞匯推測(cè)題。

【解題思路】

1）句中前后信息銜接：根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Para.1和upheaval定位到原文第1段第3句，該句說(shuō)到“如果人們不能應(yīng)對(duì)搬家?guī)?lái)的情緒____（theemotionalupheavalofmoving），他們就會(huì)認(rèn)為自己有問(wèn)題（somethingwrongwiththem）?！庇纱丝芍?，upheaval是個(gè)名詞，是搬家所引起的一種情緒上的變化，并且根據(jù)人們認(rèn)為處理不好就是自己有問(wèn)題這一點(diǎn)可推斷，這種情緒變化是負(fù)面的。因此，D選項(xiàng)“動(dòng)蕩”，emotionalturbulence“情緒波動(dòng)”符合題意。

2）上下文語(yǔ)義銜接：本段最后3句通過(guò)舉例對(duì)此進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明。Sheila從Oregon（俄勒岡州）搬到California（加利福尼亞），花了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境；又搬回俄勒岡州時(shí)，也無(wú)法適應(yīng)。她說(shuō)“每次搬家，我都覺(jué)得自己好像失去了一部分（lostapartofmyself）?！庇纱丝芍@是搬家?guī)?lái)的情緒變化，也可推測(cè)出D選項(xiàng)“動(dòng)蕩”，emotionalturbulence“情緒波動(dòng)”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“（情緒）振奮”，不符合負(fù)面的情感基調(diào)；

B選項(xiàng)“暴力；激烈”，原文沒(méi)有依據(jù)；

C選項(xiàng)“批準(zhǔn)；贊成”，不符合負(fù)面的情感基調(diào)。

15.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Researchershavefoundthatmanypeople____.研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，許多人____。

A.arebeingashamedofbeingsentimentalaboutlifeA.恥于對(duì)生活多愁善感

B.缺失B.缺失

C.spendyearsdecidingwheretosettledownC.花數(shù)年時(shí)間決定在哪里定居

D.oftenfailtoseetheadvantagesofmovingD.往往看不到搬家的好處

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Researchers和manypeople來(lái)解題，原文有2處地方提到了研究人員的發(fā)現(xiàn)。第1處，第1段第2-3句心理學(xué)家PatriciaNida的發(fā)現(xiàn)“如果人們不能應(yīng)對(duì)（can’tcopewith）搬家?guī)?lái)的情緒波動(dòng)，他們就會(huì)認(rèn)為自己有問(wèn)題（somethingwrongwiththem）。”由此可知，人們認(rèn)為搬家?guī)?lái)的情緒波動(dòng)是不正常的，不應(yīng)該有的，A選項(xiàng)“恥于對(duì)生活多愁善感”表述符合原文。第2處，第2段精神病學(xué)臨床教授Seidenberg醫(yī)生的發(fā)現(xiàn)“盡管每個(gè)搬家的人都會(huì)多多少少感受到這種身份的喪失（thislossofidentity），但對(duì)于不工作的妻子來(lái)說(shuō)，這通常是最糟糕的”，該發(fā)現(xiàn)與本題選項(xiàng)無(wú)關(guān)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)缺失；

C選項(xiàng)“花數(shù)年時(shí)間決定在哪里定居”，原文并未提及，屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“往往看不到搬家的好處”，原文雖然說(shuō)了搬家有很多好處，但并沒(méi)有說(shuō)人們沒(méi)有看到搬家的好處，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

16.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Housewivesaretheworstsufferersfromrelocatingbecausethey____.家庭主婦受搬家的影響最大，因?yàn)樗齻僟___。

A.havetofindtheiridentityagainA.要重新找到自己的身份

B.don’tknowhowtomakenewfriendsB.不知道如何結(jié)交新朋友

C.feelitdifficulttogetusedtodifferentclimateC.覺(jué)得適應(yīng)不同的氣候很困難

D.havetomovewhentheirhusbandsgetnewjobsD.丈夫找了新工作就不得不搬家

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Housewives和theworstsufferersfromrelocating可定位到原文第2段。本段提到“精神病學(xué)臨床教授Seidenberg醫(yī)生發(fā)現(xiàn)，盡管每個(gè)搬家的人都會(huì)多多少少感受到這種身份的喪失（thislossofidentity），但對(duì)于沒(méi)有工作的妻子（anon-workingwife）來(lái)說(shuō)，這通常是最糟糕的（mostdisastrous）。她的身份（Heridentity）來(lái)自于她的活動(dòng)和與社區(qū)的聯(lián)系，搬家將這一切都抹去了。每次搬家，她都得重新建立自己的資歷（re-establishhercredentials）?！庇纱丝芍?，家庭主婦受搬家的影響最大，因?yàn)锳選項(xiàng)“要重新找到自己的身份”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“不知道如何結(jié)交新朋友”，原文并未提及，屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“覺(jué)得適應(yīng)不同的氣候很困難”，原文并未提及，屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“丈夫找了新工作就不得不搬家”，原文是在介紹EileenKirsh的身份時(shí)提到了她四次因配偶和工作而搬家（fourspouse-job-relatedmoves），而不是解釋為什么家庭主婦受搬家的影響最大，該選項(xiàng)屬于偷換概念。

17.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Theauthoradvisesthereadertotakethingseasyby____.作者建議讀者通過(guò)____放輕松。

A.keepingthefamilytraditionA.保持家庭傳統(tǒng)

B.cuttingtieswiththeoldlivingquartersB.切斷了與舊住宅區(qū)鄰居的聯(lián)系

C.movingaheadoftimetothenewresidenceC.提前搬到新居

D.resistingthetemptationtoshowemotionD.抵制表露情感的誘惑

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞advisesthereadertotakethingseasy定位到原文第3段。本段最后兩句說(shuō)到“建立（Establishfamilytraditions）跟隨你一起移動(dòng)的家庭傳統(tǒng)。一家人一起做事讓你有家的感覺(jué)（makesyoufeelathome），無(wú)論你住在哪里。”由此可知，一家人一起做事讓人有家的感覺(jué)，所以A選項(xiàng)“保持家庭傳統(tǒng)”可以減輕搬家?guī)?lái)的情緒波動(dòng)，讓人放松，符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“切斷了與舊住宅區(qū)鄰居的聯(lián)系”，可定位到第3段第3句，該句說(shuō)到“抵制與老鄰居斷絕關(guān)系的誘惑”，由此可知，作者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該與老鄰居保持聯(lián)系，與選項(xiàng)表述相反，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“提前搬到新居”，原文并未提及，屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“抵制表露情感的誘惑”，原文所說(shuō)的要抵制的誘惑是“切斷與老鄰居的聯(lián)系”，而不是“表露情感”，并且本段第1句說(shuō)到“不要避免說(shuō)再見(jiàn)”，即要表露情感，該選項(xiàng)屬于

反向干擾。

18.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Inconclusion,theauthorproposesthatpeopleshould____.總結(jié)時(shí)作者建議人們應(yīng)該____。

A.movemorefrequentlyiftheycanA.盡可能地頻繁搬家

B.learntobepositiveaboutmovingB.學(xué)會(huì)積極地看待搬家

C.beeconomicalwhentheymoveC.他們搬家時(shí)要節(jié)約

D.carryonthepioneerspiritandmovetotheWestD.發(fā)揚(yáng)開(kāi)拓精神，向西部進(jìn)發(fā)

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Inconclusion可定位到原文最后一段。本段提到，搬家雖然很困難，但也有很多好處（manyadvantages），并進(jìn)行了列舉；倒數(shù)第2句提到，“作為一個(gè)國(guó)家和一個(gè)人，開(kāi)拓精神都使我們更加強(qiáng)大”。前文都在提搬家的難處，最后一段卻提到了搬家的好處，以及開(kāi)拓精神會(huì)讓我們強(qiáng)大，因此，作者是希望讀者積極地看待搬家這件事，B選項(xiàng)“學(xué)會(huì)積極地看待搬家”表述正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“盡可能地頻繁搬家”，原文雖然說(shuō)搬家有很多好處，但這并不意味著要頻繁地搬家，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“他們搬家時(shí)要節(jié)約”，最后一句說(shuō)“如果我們能節(jié)省損耗（saveonwearandtear），那就更好了?！痹氖钦f(shuō)最好要節(jié)約，并且只是最后一段一小點(diǎn)的內(nèi)容，該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全；

D選項(xiàng)“發(fā)揚(yáng)開(kāi)拓精神，向西部進(jìn)發(fā)”，原文雖然提到了開(kāi)拓精神，但并不是說(shuō)要向西部進(jìn)發(fā)，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推理。

13.單選題

Igotalittle（）whenIlearnedthattheappointmentwiththegeneralmangerwaschangedtoanothertime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.concerned

B.distracted

C.upset

D.vicious

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。concerned“有關(guān)的，關(guān)心的”；distracted“注意力分散的，分心的”；upset“心煩的，混亂的”；vicious“惡毒的，惡意的”。句意：當(dāng)我得知和總經(jīng)理預(yù)約改期后，我有點(diǎn)（）。由句意內(nèi)容推測(cè)預(yù)約改期后應(yīng)該是心煩的，故C項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

IfyouhappenedtobewatchingNBConthefirstSundaymorninginAugustlastsummer,youwouldhaveseensomethingcurious.There,onthesetofMeetthePress,thehost,DavidGregory,wasinterviewingaguestwhomadeaforcefulcasethattheU.S.economyhadbecome“verydistorted”.Inthewakeoftherecession,thisguestexplained,high-incomeindividuals,largebanks,andmajorcorporationshadexperienceda“significantrecovery”;therestoftheeconomy,bycontrast—includingsmallbusinessesand“averysignificantamountofthelaborforce”—wasstuckandstillstruggling.Whatwewereseeing,heargued,wasnotasingleeconomyatall,butrather“fundamentallytwoseparatetypesofeconomy,”increasinglydistinctanddivergent.

Thisdiagnosis,thoughalarming,washardlyunique:drawingattentiontothedividebetweenthewealthyandeveryoneelsehaslongbeenstandardfareontheleft.(Theideaof“twoAmericas”wasacentralthemeofJohnEdwards’s2004and2008presidentialruns.)Whatmadetheargumentstrikinginthisinstancewasthatitwasbeingofferedbynoneotherthantheformerfive-termFederalReserveChairmanAlanGreenspan:iconiclibertarian,preeminentdefenderof

thefreemarket,and(atleastuntilrecently)thenation’sforemostdevoteeofAynRand.Whenthehighpriestofcapitalismhimselfisdeclaringthegrowthineconomicinequalityanationalcrisis,somethinghasgonevery,verywrong.

Thiswideninggapbetweentherichandnon-richhasbeenevidentforyears.Ina2005reporttoinvestors,forinstance,threeanalystsatCitigroupadvisedthat“theWorldisdividingintotwoblocs―thePlutonomyandtherest”.

Inaplutonomythereisnosuchanimalas“theU.S.consumer”or“theUKconsumer”，orindeedthe“Russianconsumer”.Therearerichconsumers,fewinnumber,butdisproportionateinthegiganticsliceofincomeandconsumptiontheytake.Therearetherest,the“non-rich”，themultitudinousmany,butonlyaccountingforsurprisinglysmallbitesofthenationalpie.

Beforetherecession,itwasrelativelyeasytoignorethisconcentrationofwealthamonganelitefew.Thewondrousinventionsofthemodemeconomy—Google,Amazon,theiPhone—broadlyimprovedthelivesofmiddle-classconsumers,evenastheymadeatinysubsetofentrepreneurshugelywealthy.Andtheless-wondrousinventions—particularlytheexplosionofsubprimecredit―helpedmasktheriskofincomeinequalityformanyofthosewhoseearningswerestagnant.

Butthefinancialcrisisanditslong,dismalaftermathhavechangedallthat.Amultibillion-dollarbailoutandWallStreet’sswift,subsequentreinstatementofgargantuanbonuseshaveinspiredanarrativeofparasiticbankersandotherelitesriggingthegamefortheirownbenefit.Andthis,inturn,hasledtowider—andnotunreasonable—fearsthatwearelivinginnotmerelyaplutonomy,butaplutocracy,inwhichtherichdisplayoutsizepoliticalinfluence,narrowlyself-interestedmotives,andacasualindifferencetoanyoneoutsidetheirownrarefiedeconomicbubble.

1.Accordingtothepassage,theU.S.economy（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouttoday’ssuper-elitewouldthepassagesupport?

3.Whatcanbesaidofmodemtechnologicalinnovations?

4.Theauthorseemstosuggestthatthefinancialcrisisanditsaftermath

（

）.

5.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.faresquitewell

B.hascompletelyrecoveredfromtheeconomicrecession

C.hasitsownproblems

D.islaggingbehindotherindustrialeconomies.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Today’splutocratsarethehereditaryelite.

B.Today’ssuper-richareincreasinglyanationuntothemselves.

C.Theyarethedeservingwinnersofatougheconomiccompetition.

D.Theyareworriedaboutthesocialandpoliticalconsequencesofrisingincomeinequality.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyhaveliftedmanypeopleintothemiddleclass

B.Theyhavenarrowedthegapbetweentherichandthenon-rich

C.Theyhaveledtoariseofincomeinequality.

D.Theyhavebenefitedthegeneralpublic.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.havecompromisedtherichwiththenon-rich

B.haveenrichedtheplutocraticelite

C.haveputAmericansonthealertfortoomuchpowertherichpossess

D.haveenlargedthegapbetweentherichandnon-rich

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.presentthefinancialimbalanceintheU.S.

B.displaysympathyfortheworkingclass

C.criticizethesuper-eliteoftheUnitedStates

D.appreciatethemeritsofthesuperrichintheU.S.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“theU.S.economyhadbecome‘verydistorted’”美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)變得“非常扭曲”，第二段中“thegrowthineconomicinequalityanationalcrisis,somethinghasgonevery,verywrong.”經(jīng)濟(jì)不平等的增長(zhǎng)是一場(chǎng)全國(guó)性的危機(jī)，某些事情已非常糟糕，可知美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)存在問(wèn)題，因此選C。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Andthis,inturn,hasledtowider—andnotunreasonable—fearsthatwearelivinginnotmerelyaplutonomy,butaplutocracy,inwhichtherichdisplayoutsizepoliticalinfluence,narrowlyself-interestedmotives,andacasualindifferencetoanyoneoutsidetheirownrarefiedeconomicbubble.”這個(gè)反過(guò)來(lái)導(dǎo)致更廣泛且合理的擔(dān)心，即我們不僅生活在一個(gè)一個(gè)富人經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)中，而且還生活在一個(gè)富豪統(tǒng)治中，在這其中，富人顯示巨大的政治影響力、狹隘自私的動(dòng)機(jī)。因此D選項(xiàng)“他們擔(dān)心不斷上升的收入不平等所帶來(lái)的社會(huì)和政治影響”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段中“Beforetherecession,itwasrelativelyeasytoignorethisconcentrationofwealthamonganelitefew.”在經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退之前，人們很容易忽視財(cái)富集中在少數(shù)精英階層身上，因此C選項(xiàng)“他們導(dǎo)致收入不平等的上升”符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“fearsthatwearelivinginnotmerelyaplutonomy,butaplutocracy,inwhichtherichdisplayoutsizepoliticalinfluence,narrowlyself-interestedmotives,andacasualindifferencetoanyoneoutsidetheirownrarefiedeconomicbubble.”可知美國(guó)貧富差距巨大，經(jīng)融危機(jī)讓美國(guó)人意識(shí)到富人具有太多的權(quán)利，因此選C。

5.主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的呈兩種分化趨勢(shì)，存在的問(wèn)題，以及富人和窮人之間的差距，因此A選項(xiàng)“介紹美國(guó)金融失衡”符合題意。

15.單選題

Theevidenceshowedthatthehangedmancouldbe（）ofmurder.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ignorant

B.innocent

C.indecent

D.tolerant

【答案】B

【解析】句意:證據(jù)表明那個(gè)被處以絞刑的男人是無(wú)罪的。

考查形容詞辨析。ignorant無(wú)知的，愚昧的;innocent無(wú)辜的，無(wú)罪的，無(wú)知的;indecent下流的，不禮貌的;tolerant寬容的，容忍的，有耐藥力的。beinnocentof沒(méi)有…的,無(wú)罪的。

16.翻譯題

Whatisthebestexercisetocontrolhighbloodpressure?Takeyourpick,asthebestexercisetocontrolhighbloodpressureseemstobevirtuallyanyexercise,likewalkingorcyclingorlightweighttraining,especiallyifyourworkoutsarespreadthroughouttheday.

“Evenstandingmightwork,”saysGlennGaesser,thedirectoroftheHealthyLifestylesResearchCenteratArizonaStateUniversityandanexpertonexerciseandhypertension.Exerciselowersbloodpressureinlargepartbyalteringbloodvesselstiffnesssobloodflowsmorefreely.Thiseffectoccursduringandimmediatelyafteraworkout,sotheblood-pressurebenefitsfromexercisearemostpronouncedrightafter,youworkout.Asaresult,thebestwaytofighthypertensionmaybetodivvyupyourworkoutintobite-sizepieces.

Ina2012studybyDr.Gaesser,three10-minutewalksspreadthroughoutthedaywerebetteratpreventingsubsequentspikesinbloodpressure—whichcanindicateworseningbloodpressurecontrol—thanone30-minutewalk.Andifevena10-minutewalksou