考研考博-英語-廣西自然資源職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣西自然資源職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

London’sHeathrowAirportisnotoriousforqueuesanddelays.Whyisthishappeningandwhatcanyoudotoavoidthefrustration?

InthefilmCatchMeIfYouCan,LeonardoDiCaprioplaysadashingyoungconartistwhofoolsanairlineintobelievingheisoneoftheircaptains.Hestrollsthroughasleekandfuturisticairterminalflankedbyagaggleofstewardesses,hisprogressserene.Themessageisclear:Airtravelisglamorous,sexyandatotalbreeze.

CuttoHeathrow,2007,andwhatisstilltheworld’slargestairport(bypassengernumbers)isstretchedtobreakingpoint,besetbydelaysandhamperedbyacreakinginfrastructure.KenLivingstone,London’sgarrulousMayor,saystheairportis“shamingLondon”.Howdiditcometothis?

Inasense,Heathrow’skeyroleinthedevelopmentofBritain’s(andtheworld’s)aviationindustryhasbeenitsundoing.Firstopenedtocommercialfightsin1946,Heathrowhasalwaysbeentherefirst;consequently,ithasinheritedalegacyofagingterminalbuildings.ThenSeptember11happened,andsecurityprotocolswentthroughtheroof.The2005Londonbombingsdidn’thelpmatters.

ThequeuestoclearHeathrow’ssecuritycantakehourstoclear,especiallywhennotalltheX-raymachinesareopen.Attheotherendoftheprocess,passengershavefacedseeminglynever-endingwaitsforluggage.ArecentAssociationofEuropeanAirlinesreportshowedthatbetweenAprilandJunethisyeartheluggagesystematHeathrowbrokedown11times.

TheBritishgovernment,spurredonbyangryairlines,passengergroupsandanincreasinglyvocalmedia,hasannouncedanenquiryintohowtheairportisrun.Heathrow,likesevenothermajorairportsintheUK,isrunbytheBritishAirportsAuthority(BAA),whohasbeenaccusedofputtingtheprofitsfromthevastshoppingmallsineachterminalbeforeinvestmentinsecurityandstaff.Ryanair,BritishAirwaysandtheheadoftheInternationalAirTransportAssociationhaveallcriticizedtherunningoftheairport,blamingunder-investment.

AspokesmanforHeathrownotesthatallmaynotbelostquiteyet.Ninety-sevenpercentofpassengersgetthroughsecurityafterlessthan10minutesofqueuing.ThebaggagerulesforusingUKairportshavebeenthesameforawhilenow,sotravelersshouldbegettingusedtotheplasticbagsandoneitemofhand-luggagerule.AndBAAisrecommendingthatpeopledon’tturnupearlierthantheyshould—threehoursforlong-haul,twoforshorthauland90minutesfordomesticshouldbefine.Heathrowhasalsoemployed500newsecuritystaffandopenedninenewsecuritylanesthisyear.

Andthenthere’sTerminalFive,thegleaming,light-filledRichardRodgerscreation,completewithalandscapedcivicspace,duetoopeninMarch2008.ItwillbeBritishAirways’newhomeandshouldtakethepressureofftherestoftheairport.FarmoresuitableforaLeonardo-stylesashay.

1.Leonardo’sperformanceconveystheideathatairtravelis（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

3.Itcantakehourstopasstheairportsecurity,especiallywhen（）.

4.Who’stoblamefortheunder-investmentinBritishairports?

5.AccordingtoBAA,whenshoulddomesticpassengersarriveattheairport?

問題1選項

A.enchanting

B.dangerous

C.frustrating

D.time-consuming

問題2選項

A.HeathrowAirporthasthelargestsurfaceareaintheworld.

B.Thesignificantpositionoftheairportinhistoryhasbecomethemaincauseforitspresentsituation.

C.HeathrowAirportisabouttocollapseasaresultofhugepassengernumbers.

D.Theairportisdeterminedtorenovateitsoldterminalbuildings.

問題3選項

A.onlysomeoftheX-raymachinesareopen

B.alltheX-raymachinesareshutdown

C.luggagecheckedoverandoveragain

D.theluggagesystembreaksdown

問題4選項

A.BritishAirportsAuthority.

B.AssociationofEuropeanAirlines.

C.HeathrowAirport.

D.InternationalAirTransportAssociation.

問題5選項

A.1hoursbeforeboarding.

B.2hoursbeforeboarding.

C.3hoursbeforeboarding.

D.1.5hoursbeforeboarding.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Leonardo”可以定位到文章第二段，第二段最后一句說到Themessageisclear:Airtravelisglamorous,sexyandatotalbreeze.（傳達出的信息很明確：航空旅行是充滿魅力、性感和輕松的。），說明萊昂納多的表演傳達了航空旅行是迷人的。因此A選項“令人神往的”正確。B選項“危險的”，C選項“令人沮喪的”，D選項“耗時的”均不符合文章表達的內(nèi)容，所以B，C，D錯誤。

2.客觀細節(jié)題。由A選項關(guān)鍵詞“l(fā)argest”可以定位到文章第三段第一句whatisstilltheworld’slargestairport(bypassengernumbers)（按乘客數(shù)量計算是世界上最大的機場），說明希思羅機場的世界最大是按照乘客數(shù)量計算的，而不是面積，所以A選項“希思羅機場是世界上面積最大的機場”錯誤。由C選項關(guān)鍵詞“collapse”可以定位到文章第三段第一句isstretchedtobreakingpoint,besetbydelaysandhamperedbyacreakinginfrastructure（被延誤和老化的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施所困擾，已經(jīng)到了崩潰的邊緣），說明希思羅機場瀕臨崩潰的原因是延誤和老化的設(shè)施，而不是旅客數(shù)量，所以C選項“希思羅機場因旅客數(shù)量巨大而即將崩潰”錯誤。D選項“機場決心對老舊航站樓進行改造”在文中沒有提及，所以D錯誤。由B選項關(guān)鍵詞“significantposition”可以定位到文章第四段第一句Heathrow’skeyroleinthedevelopmentofBritain’s(andtheworld’s)aviationindustryhasbeenitsundoing.（希思羅機場在英國，乃至世界航空工業(yè)發(fā)展中的關(guān)鍵作用導(dǎo)致了它的毀滅。），說明導(dǎo)致希思羅機場現(xiàn)狀的原因是它的在歷史上的關(guān)鍵作用。因此B選項“機場在歷史上的重要地位成為造成其現(xiàn)狀的主要原因”正確。

3.客觀細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“airportsecurity”可以定位到文章第五段第一句ThequeuestoclearHeathrow’ssecuritycantakehourstoclear,especiallywhennotalltheX-raymachinesareopen.（希思羅機場安檢的長隊可能需要數(shù)小時才能通過，尤其是當(dāng)X光機沒有全部開放的時候。），說明只開放了部分X光機時，安檢排隊時間尤為漫長。因此A選項“只有部分X光機是開放的”正確。B選項“所有的X光機都被關(guān)閉”，C選項“反復(fù)檢查行李”在文中均沒有提及，所以B，C錯誤。D選項“行李系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)故障”是希思羅機場的問題之一，但原文沒有說它是造成安檢時間特別漫長的原因，所以D錯誤。

4.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第六段第二句Heathrow,likesevenothermajorairportsintheUK,isrunbytheBritishAirportsAuthority(BAA),whohasbeenaccusedofputtingtheprofitsfromthevastshoppingmallsineachterminalbeforeinvestmentinsecurityandstaff.（希思羅機場和英國其他七家主要機場一樣，都是由英國機場管理局運營的，該管理局被指責(zé)把每個航站樓的大型購物中心的利潤放在安全和員工投資之前。），說明英國機場投資不足是英國機場管理局之過。因此A選項“英國機場管理局”正確。B選項“歐洲航空公司協(xié)會”，C選項“希思羅機場”，D選項“國際航空運輸協(xié)會”均不符合題意，所以B，C，D錯誤。

5.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第七段第四句AndBAAisrecommendingthatpeopledon’tturnupearlierthantheyshould—threehoursforlong-haul,twoforshorthauland90minutesfordomesticshouldbefine.（BAA建議乘客不要早到——長途登機前3小時，短途登機前2小時，國內(nèi)航班登機前90分鐘就可以了。），說明國內(nèi)航班的旅客應(yīng)在登機前90分鐘到達機場。因此D選項“登機前1.5小時”正確。A選項“登機前1小時”，B選項“登機前2小時”，C選項“登機前3小時”均不符合題意，所以A，B，C錯誤。

2.單選題

Oneargumentusedtosupporttheideathatemploymentwillcontinuetobethedominantformofwork,andthatemploymentwilleventuallybecomeavailableforallwhowantit,isthatworkingtimewillcontinuetofall.Peopleinjobswillworkfewerhoursintheday,fewerdaysintheweek,fewerweeksintheyear,andfeweryearsinalifetime,thantheydonow.Thiswillmeanthatmorejobswillbeavailableformorepeople.This,itissaid,isthewayweshouldsetaboutrestoringfullemployment.

Thereisnodoubtthatsomethingofthiskindwillhappen.Theshorterworkingweek,longerholidays,earlierretirement,job-sharing—theseandotherwaysofreducingtheamountoftimepeoplespendontheirjobs—arecertainlylikelytospread.Amixofpart-timepaidworkandpart-timeunpaidworkislikelytobecomeamuchmorecommonworkpatternthantoday,andaflexi-lifepatternofwork-involvingpaidemploymentatcertainstagesoflife,butnotatothers—willbecomewidespread.Butitissurelyunrealistictoassumethatthiswillmakeitpossibletorestorefullemploymentasthedominantformofwork.

Inthefirstplace,solongasemploymentremainstheoverwhelminglyimportantformofworkandsourceofincomeformostpeople,itisverydifficulttoseehowreductionsinemployees’workingtimecantakeplaceonascalesufficientlylargeandatapacesufficientlyfasttomakeitpossibletoshareouttheavailablepaidemploymenttoeveryonewhowantsit.Suchnegotiationsastherehaverecentlybeen,forexampleinBritainandGermany,aboutthepossibilityofintroducinga35-hourworkingweek,havehighlightedsomeofthedifficulties.But,secondly,ifchangesofthiskindweretotakeplaceatapaceandonascalesufficienttomakeitpossibletoshareemploymentamongallwhowantedit,theresultingsituation—inwhichmostpeoplewouldnotbeworkingintheirjobsformorethantwoorthreeshortdaysaweek―couldhardlycontinuetobeoneinwhichemploymentwasstillregardedastheonlytrulyvalidformofwork.Therewouldbesomanypeoplespendingsomuchoftheirtimeonotheractivities,includingotherformsofusefulwork,thattheprimacyofemploymentwouldbeboundtobecalledintoquestion,atleasttosomeextent.

1.TheauthorusesthenegotiationsinBritainandGermanyasanexampleto（

）.

2.Attheendofthepassagetheauthorseemstoimplythatasaresultofshorterworkingtime

（

）.

3.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsfuturefullemploymentisgenerally（

）.

問題1選項

A.supportreductionsinemployeesworkingtime

B.indicateemployeesareunwillingtosharejobs

C.provethepossibilityofsharingpaidemployment

D.showthatemploymentwillloseitsdominance

問題2選項

A.employmentmaynotretainitsusualimportance

B.employmentmaynotberegardedasvalidwork

C.peoplecanbeengagedinfarlessunpaidwork

D.peoplecanbeengagedinfarmoreunpaidwork

問題3選項

A.supportive

B.wavering

C.skeptical

D.unclear

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。本題是問作者用英國和德國的談判這個例子的目的是什么。由本文最后一段中的內(nèi)容“itisverydifficulttoseehowreductionsinemployees’workingrimecantakeplaceonascalesufficientlylargeandatapacesufficientlyfasttomakeitpossibletoshareouttheavailablepaidemploymenttoeveryonewhowantsit.Suchnegotiationsastherehaverecentlybeen,forexampleinBritainandGermany,aboutthepossibilityofintroducinga35-hourworkingweek,havehighlightedsomeofthedifficulties.很難看出，員工的工作時間是如何以足夠大的規(guī)模、足夠快的速度減少的，以至于有可能將可用的帶薪就業(yè)機會分配給每一個想要的人。最近在英國和德國就引入每周35小時工作制的可能性進行的談判，突顯了其中的一些困難?！笨芍岬搅诉@次談判，主要目的是為了支持減少員工們的工作時間，A選項正確。

2.推理判斷題。本題是問文章的最后作者想表達更短的工作時間的一個結(jié)果是什么。根據(jù)本文最后一段最后一句內(nèi)容“Therewouldbesomanypeoplespendingsomuchoftheirtimeonotheractivities,includingotherformsofusefulwork,thattheprimacyofemploymentwouldbeboundtobecalledintoquestion,atleasttosomeextent.將有如此多的人把如此多的時間花在其他活動上，包括其他形式的有益工作，就業(yè)的首要地位必然會受到質(zhì)疑，至少在某種程度上是這樣?！笨芍懈痰墓ぷ鲿r間的結(jié)果是人們就可以把時間放到更多其他的活動或者有價值的工作中去，所以C選項‘人們可以從事少得多的無薪工作’正確。

3.觀點態(tài)度題。本題是問作者對于未來的完全雇傭所持有的態(tài)度。A選項supportive“支持的”；B選項wavering“搖擺的，猶豫不決的”；C選項skeptical“懷疑的”；

D選項unclear“不清楚的”。根據(jù)本文第二段最后一句話寫到“Butitissurelyunrealistictoassumethatthiswillmakeitpossibletorestorefullemploymentasthedominantformofwork.但是，如果認為這將使充分就業(yè)成為可能，重新成為占主導(dǎo)地位的工作形式，那肯定是不現(xiàn)實的。”可知出作者認為恢復(fù)完全雇傭為工作的主要形式是不現(xiàn)實的，C選項符合題意。

3.單選題

Vacationpoliciescontinuetobeasourceof（）betweenmanagementandtheworkers.

問題1選項

A.disturbance

B.resistance

C.contraction

D.friction

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：休閑度假政策仍然是管理層和工人之間（）的根源。

disturbance干擾，騷亂；resistance阻力，電阻，抵抗；contraction收縮，緊縮；friction

摩擦。D選項符合句意。

4.單選題

ThoughhavingbeenlivinginShanghaifor20years,hestillhasa（）northernaccent.

問題1選項

A.distinctive

B.distinct

C.distinguished

D.distinguishing

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.distinctive獨特的，特別的B.distinct清晰的；清楚的

C.distinguished卓越的，杰出的D.distinguishing有區(qū)別的

【答案】B

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意“雖然他在上海已經(jīng)住了20年了，但他仍然有______北方口音”可知，空格處表示“明顯的”符合句意，因此該題選擇B項。

【干擾項排除】

A項強調(diào)某件事物的品質(zhì)；

C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】雖然他在上海已經(jīng)住了20年了，但他的北方口音仍然很重。

5.單選題

Questions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項

A.Itmayputtoomuchpressureonteammembers.

B.Itmayharmthecultureoftoday’sworkplace.

C.Itmayhinderindividualcareeradvancement.

D.Itmayresultinunwillingnesstotakerisks.

問題2選項

A.Theycanhardlygiveexpressiontotheiroriginalviews.

B.Theymayeventuallylosetheirconfidenceandcreativity.

C.Theycanbecomelessmotivatedtodoprojectsoftheirown.

D.Theymayfindithardtogettheircontributionsrecognized.

問題3選項

A.Theycangetchancestoengageinresearch.

B.Theycanenlargetheirprofessionalcircle.

C.Theycancompletetheprojectmoreeasily.

D.Theycanmakethebestuseoftheirexpertise.25.

問題4選項

A.Itmaypreventmakingatimelydecision.

B.Itmaycauselotsofargumentsinateam.

C.Itmaydepriveateamofbusinessopportunities.

D.Itmaygiverisetoalotofunnecessaryexpenses.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】RecordingThree

TodayI’dliketotalkaboutthedangersofbeingtoocollaborative.Beingagoodteamplayerisacentralskillinourmodernworkplace.Theabilitytoworkwellwithothersandcollaborateonprojectsisasought-afterabilityinnearlyeveryposition.However,[22]placingtoomuchemphasisonbeingagoodteamplayercannegativelyaffectyourcareergrowth.

Don’tbeoverlyfocusedongainingconsensus.Don’tbetooconcernedwiththeopinionsofothers.Thiscanhinderyourabilitytomakedecisions,speakupandgainrecognitionforyourindividualskillsandstrengths.

Somepeoplearetoosubordinatetoothers’opinions,toofocusedondecisionconsensus,toosilentabouttheirownpointofview,tooagreeabletotakethingsonwhentheydon’thavetimeorenergy.Thisleadstobuildingabrandofunderconfident,submissive,low-impactnon-leadersandhampersthen-growthandcareeradvancement.

[23]Collaborationcertainlymakesyourindividualcompetenciesandcontributionsmoredifficultforoutsiderstoidentify.Collaborativeprojectsmeanyou’resharingthespotlightwithothers.Outsidersmaythenfinditdifficulttodetermineyourcontributionsandstrengths.Thismayendupcostingyouopportunitiesforpromotionsorpayraises.Youcertainlyshouldn’tditchteamwork,buthowcanyouavoidthehazardsofbeinganover-collaborator?

Workinginateamcanhavehugebenefits.Yourteammayhaverepeatedsuccessesandoftengainrecognition,[24]youthenhavemoreopportunitiestoexpandyourprofessionalnetworkthanifyouworkedalone.However,findingabalancebetweenteameffortsandindividualprojectsthatgiveyouindependentrecognitionisimportantformakinganameforyourselfandprovidingopportunitiesforadvancement.

Beselectiveinwhoyouworkwith.Thiswillmaximizethebenefitsandminimizethedownsidesofbeingateamplayer.Collaboratewithpeoplewhohavecomplementaryexpertise.Selectprojectswherethere’spotentialformutualbenefit.Perhapsyou’rebringingyouruniqueknowledgeandgainingaccesstosomeoneelse’sprofessionalnetwork.Ormaybeyou’reabletolearnanewskillbyworkingwithsomeone.Seekoutyourteammatespurposefullyratherthanjumpingoneverynewgroupprojectopportunity.

Whenwe’retoocollaborative,wewanteveryonetoagreewithadecisionbeforeweproceed.[25]Thiscancreateunnecessarydelaysasyouholdmeetingstryingtoachieveconsensus.It’sfinetobecollaborativewhenseekinginput,butputadeadlineontheinputstageandarriveatadecision,evenifit’sadecisionthatdoesn’thaveconsensus.

22.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutbeingovercollaborative?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問的是錄音中給出的關(guān)于過度合作的信息。錄音開頭提到過于強調(diào)成為一個好的團隊成員會對職業(yè)發(fā)展產(chǎn)生負面影響，這里placingtoomuchemphasisonbeingagoodteamplayer即問題中所說的beingovercollaborative,因此C選項“可能阻礙個人職業(yè)發(fā)展”符合原文。A選項“它可能給團隊成員帶來太大壓力”；B選項“它可能會損害當(dāng)今的職場文化”和D選項“它可能會導(dǎo)致人們不愿意冒險”在錄音中均未提及。

23.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutpeopleengagedincollaborativeprojects?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問關(guān)于參與合作項目的人，說話者說了什么？錄音提到，合作會使個人能力和個人貢獻更難被外人發(fā)現(xiàn)（makesyourindividualcompetenciesandcontributionsmoredifficultforoutsiderstoidentify）。D選項“他們可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的貢獻很難被識別出來”與之表述相符，因此正確。A選項“他們幾乎不能表達他們原來的觀點”，錄音說的是“他們太過隱藏自己的觀點”（toosilentabouttheirownpointofview），因此A選項不正確；錄音中只是提到了underconfident（信心不足），并沒有提到“合作”對創(chuàng)造力和動力的影響，因此B選項“他們最終可能會失去信心和創(chuàng)造力”和C選項“他們會變得更沒有動力去做自己的項目”均不正確。

24.Howdopeoplebenefitfromworkinginateam?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問人們從團隊合作中得到什么益處？錄音提到，在團隊中工作有很大的好處——團隊也許會多次獲得成功，并經(jīng)常獲得認可，團隊成員便有更多的機會來擴大其職業(yè)關(guān)系網(wǎng)（expandyourprofessionalnetwork），因此B選項“他們可以擴大自己的職業(yè)圈子”與之表述相符。A選項“他們可能有機會從事研究工作”這一信息在錄音中并未提及；C選項“他們可以更容易地完成項目”，錄音中沒有對比個人項目和團隊項目哪個更容易完成，因此可排除；D選項“他們可以充分利用自己的專業(yè)知識”，利用錄音中的expertise設(shè)置干擾，錄音中指的是與專業(yè)知識互補的人合作（Collaboratewithpeoplewhohavecomplementaryexpertise），而不是利用自己的專業(yè)知識，因此D選項也不正確。

25.Whyisitundesirabletospendtoomuchtimetryingtoreachconsensus?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問為什么花太多時間以求達成共識會令人討厭？錄音最后提到，當(dāng)我們過度合作時，會希望每個人都同意某個決定，而這會造成不必要的延誤（createunnecessarydelays），也就是說“可能會妨礙我們及時做出決定”，因此A選項正確。B選項“可能會在團隊中引起很多爭論”在錄音中未提及；C選項“可能剝奪團隊的商業(yè)機會”，主要是利用錄音中的opportunitiesforadvancement（晉升機會）和groupprojectopportunity（團隊項目機會）設(shè)干擾，但這些不等同于C選項中的businessopportunities（商業(yè)機會），因此C選項不能選；D選項“可能會產(chǎn)生很多不必要的費用”在錄音中也沒有信息提及。

6.單選題

TheIndianwarsgreatly（

）thedangersoffrontierlife.

問題1選項

A.accumulated

B.challenged

C.multiplied

D.enriched

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。accumulate“積聚；堆積”；challenge“挑戰(zhàn)”；multiply“繁殖，乘，增加”；enrich“使豐富”。句意：印度戰(zhàn)爭極大增加了邊境生命的危險性。選項C符合題意。

7.單選題

Wehaveateamofprofessionalconsultantswhowillpartnerwithourclientstodevelop（）trainingcourses.

問題1選項

A.regularized

B.unified

C.specified

D.customized

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我們有一個專業(yè)的顧問團隊,其將與我們的客戶合作開發(fā)定制的培訓(xùn)課程。

考查動詞辨析。四個選項均為對應(yīng)動詞的過去分詞形式。Regularized使有規(guī)則(regularize的過去式和過去分詞),使有秩序,調(diào)整;unified使聯(lián)合(unify的過去式和過去分詞),使相同,使一致;specified指定(specify的過去式和過去分詞),詳述;提出…的條件;customized定制,定做(customize的過去式和過去分詞)。故D符合句意。

8.單選題

Fortune-tellersaregoodatmaking（

）statementssuchas"Yoursorrowswillchange".

問題1選項

A.literal

B.ambiguous

C.invalid

D.philosophical

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。literal“文字的，逐字的，無夸張的”；ambiguous“模糊不清的，引起歧義的”；invalid“無效的，有病的，殘廢的”；philosophical“哲學(xué)的”。由空格后“Yoursorrowswillchange”確定本句句意是‘算命者擅長做如“你的悲傷將改變”等模糊不清的聲明?！疊選項正確。

9.翻譯題

AsanecologicalapproachtoTranslationStudies,Eco-translatologyviewstranslationasanentiretranslationaleco-system,andfocusesontherelationshipbetweenthetranslatorandthistranslationaleco-environment.Atranslationaleco-environmentisconstruedasahighlyintegratedentitythatcomprisestheactualtext,theculturalcontextandthehumanagents,aswellasothertangibleandintangibleingredients.InEco-translatology,translationactivitiesaredescribedandinterpretedintermsofsuchecologicalprinciplesasholism,relevance,dynamics,balanceandharmony,togetherwithecologicalaesthetics.SomeelementsofclassicalChineseorOrientalphilosophiesandculturalquintessenceareprojectedinthisnascentapproach.

【答案】作為翻譯學(xué)研究的一種生態(tài)方法，生態(tài)翻譯學(xué)把翻譯看成是一個完整的翻譯生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，非常注重譯者與翻譯生態(tài)環(huán)境之間的關(guān)系。翻譯生態(tài)環(huán)境被看作是一個有實際文本、文化語境和人類構(gòu)成的高度集成的實體，并且其中還包含其他一些有形和無形的成分。在生態(tài)翻譯學(xué)中，翻譯活動就是根據(jù)這些生態(tài)原則來描述和闡釋的，比如整體論、相關(guān)性、動態(tài)論、平衡性、協(xié)調(diào)性，還有生態(tài)美學(xué)等。一些中國古典文學(xué)、東方哲學(xué)乃至文化精髓的因素都可以在這種新的方法中折射出來。

10.單選題

It’sour______ifthecarisdamaged,wemustpay.

問題1選項

A.capacity

B.capability

C.cavity

D.liability

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項capacity“能力，容量”，B項capability“才能”，C項cavity“腔，洞，凹處”，D項liability“責(zé)任，債務(wù)”。根據(jù)句子后半部分的意思“如果汽車損壞了，我們必須賠償”可知，空格處填入“責(zé)任”符合句意。句意：汽車損壞是我們的責(zé)任，我們必須賠償。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

11.單選題

Onechildperfamilyhasbecomethe（）offamilyinmostcitiesinChina.

問題1選項

A.standards

B.criteria

C.norm

D.Itriedhard

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項standards“標準；規(guī)格”；B選項criteria“標準，條件”；C選項norm“標準，規(guī)范”D選項touchstone“試金石；檢驗標準”。句意：一個家庭一個孩子已經(jīng)成為中國大多數(shù)城市的家庭標準。A,B,C選項都有“標準”的意思，它們的區(qū)別是：standard指法定的或一般公認的標準，用途比較廣泛，criteria指有特殊的確實性,令人信服而用以判斷，norm是一種社會習(xí)慣(標準)，指規(guī)范、基準、定額、分配之工作量、準則。因此A選項正確。

12.單選題

I（

）youthatthegoodswillbedeliverednextweek.

問題1選項

A.ensure

B.assure

C.confirm

D.insist

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項ensure“確保，保證”，指確保某事會發(fā)生，賓語一般接物，而不是人；B選項assure“使確信，向……保證”，其后賓語一搬接人；C選項confirm“（尤指提供證據(jù)來）證實，證明，確認”；D選項insist“堅決要求，堅持”。由賓語you可知選B。句意：我向你保證，這批貨將于下周交貨。

13.單選題

Therewasoncean（）ideathattheearthwasflatandmotionless.

問題1選項

A.absurd

B.intrinsic

C.eternal

D.offensive

【答案】A

【解析】句意:曾經(jīng)有一個荒謬的想法：認為地球是平的，靜止的。

考查形容詞辨析。absurd荒謬的;可笑的；intrinsic本質(zhì)的;固有的;eternal永恒的;不朽的;offensive攻擊的;冒犯的;無禮的;討厭的。That從句解釋說明了idea(想法):認為地球是平的，靜止的。因此A項符合句意。

14.單選題

Emotionsaredefinedasstrong,relativelyuncontrolledfeelingsthataffectourbehavior.Everyoneexperiencesawiderangeofemotions.Thinkforamomentaboutarecentemotionalexperience.Whatcharacterizedthisexperience?Allemotionalexperiencestendtohaveseveralelementsincommon.

Emotionsaregenerallytriggeredbyenvironmentalevents.Anger,joyandsadnessaremostfrequentlyaresponsetoasetofexternalevents.However,internalprocesses,suchasimagery,canalsoinitiateemotionalreactions.

Allemotions,assubjectivelyexperiencedandidentified,appeartobeassociatedwithphysiologicalchanges.Theemotionslabeledas“joy”,“fear”and“anger”occurinconjunctionwithverysimilarphysiologicalpatterns.Currentthinkingleanstowardsacceptingtheprimacy(首要性)ofphysiologicalchanges,whicharetheninterpretedbasedonenvironmentaloccurrences.Forexample,asuddenfallingsensationwillinitiatephysiologicalchanges.Thesechangeswouldbeinterpretedonthebasisofthesituationinwhichtheyoccur,exhilarationorexcitementofbungeejumping;fearoffallingfromaledge(巖脊).

Anothercharacteristicfeatureofanemotionalexperienceiscognitivethought.Emotionsgenerally,althoughnotnecessarily,areaccompaniedbythinking.Thetypesofthoughtsandourabilitytothink“rationally”varywiththetypeanddegreeofemotion.Extremeemotionalresponsesarefrequentlyusedasanexplanationforinappropriatethoughtsoractions:“IwassomadIcouldn’tthinkstraight.”

Emotionsalsohaveassociatedbehaviors.Whilethebehaviorsvarybetweenindividualsandwithinindividualsacrossdifferenttimesandsituations,thereareuniquebehaviorscharacteristicallyassociatedwithdifferentemotions:feartriggersfleeingresponses,angertriggersstrikingout,grieftriggerscrying,andsoon.

Finally,andmostimportantly,emotionsinvolvesubjectivefeelings.Infact,itisthefeelingcomponent(成分)thatisgenerallyreferredtowhenemotionsarementioned.Grief,joy,anger,jealousyandfearfeelverydifferentfromoneanother.Thesesubjectivelydeterminedfeelingsaretheessenceofemotion.

Whileallindividualsgenerallyevaluateemotionsinaconsistentmannerandwithinindividualsovertime,therearesomeindividualandsituationalvariations.Forexample,fewpeoplegenerallywanttobesadorafraid,yetwealloccasionallyenjoyamovieorabookthatscaresorsaddensus—orevensomeofthefrighteningridesatthemeparks(主題樂園)!

Ifasked,wecoulddoubtlessnamenumerousemotions.Agroupof20orsopeoplecangenerallynameordescribeseveralhundredemotions.Therefore,itisnotsurprisingthatresearchershaveattemptedtocategorizeortypeemotionsintomoremanageableclusters.Plutchiklistseightbasicemotionalcategories:fear;anger;joy;sadness;acceptance;disgust;expectancy;surprise.

AccordingtoPlutchik,allotheremotionsaresecondaryemotionsandrepresentcombinationsofthesebasiccategories.Forexample,delightisacombinationofsurpriseandjoy,andcontemptiscomposedofdisgustandanger.

61.Whataretheelementsthatproducehumanemotions?

62.Thetwoexamplesgiveninthethirdparagraphshowsthat（）.

63.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutemotionsisNOTTRUE?

64.Thepassageindicatesthatindividualemotions（）.

65.Whydotheresearcherstrytoclassifyemotions?

問題1選項

A.Somestronguncontrolledforceswhichtriggeremotions.

B.Internalprocessessuchasillnesses,happiness,anger,etc.

C.Externalhappeningssuchasdeaths,divorce,promotions,etc.

D.Externalenvironmentaleventsaswellasinternalmentalprocesses.

問題2選項

A.emotionsaretheresultsofphysiologicalreactionsbasedonexternalevents

B.excitementandfeararecommonlyseenhumanemotions

C.physiologicalchangesdetermineallhumanactions

D.environmentaloccurrencesarerelatedwithmentalthinking

問題3選項

A.Emotionsareaccompaniedbysomecertainbehaviors.

B.Emotionsarecombinationsofsubjectivefeelings.

C.Extremeemotionalreactionsarethefeaturesofemotionalcognitivethought.

D.Emotionaloccurrencesarealsotheprocessesofmentalthinking.

問題4選項

A.varyfrompersonto