考研考博-英語-云南財經大學考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-云南財經大學考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

RobertSpring,a19thcenturyforger,wassogoodathisprofessionthathewasabletomakehislivingfor15yearsbysellingfalsesignaturesoffamousAmericans.SpringwasborninEnglandin1813andarrivedinPhiladelphiain1858toopenabookstore.AtfirstheprospectedbysellinghissmallbutgenuinecollectionofearlyUSautographs.Discoveringhisabilityatcopyinghandwriting,hebeganimitatingsignaturesofGeorgeWashingtonandBenFranklinandwritingthemonthetitlepagesofoldbooks.Tolessenthechanceofdetection,hesenthisforgeriestoEnglandandCanadaforsaleandcirculation.

Forgershaveahardtimesellingtheirproducts.Aforgercan'tapproacharespectablebuyerbutmustdealwithpeoplewhodon'thavemuchknowledgeinthefield.Forgershavemanywaystomaketheirworklookreal.Forexample,theybuyoldbookstousetheagedpaperofthetitlepage,andtheycantreatpaperandinkwithchemicals.

Inspring'stime,rightaftertheCivilWar.BritainwasstillfondoftheSouthernstates,soSpringinventedarespectablemaidenladyknownasMissFannyJackson,theonlydaughterofGeneral“Stonewall”Jackson.ForseveralyearsMissFanny'sfinancialproblemsforcedhertosellagreatnumberoflettersandmanuscriptsbelongingtoherfamousfather.Springhadtoworkveryhardtosatisfythedemand.AllthisactivitydidnotpreventSpringfromdyinginpoverty,leavingsharp-eyedexpertsthedifficulttaskofseparatinghisforgeriesformtheoriginals.

1.WhydidSpringsellhisfalseautographsinEnglandandCanada?

2.AftertheCivilWartherewasagreatdemandinBritainfor（）.

3.RobertSpringspent15years（）.

4.WhowasMissFannyJackson?

5.HowdidRobertSpringstarttosellforgeries?

6.AllofthefollowingarewaysaforgerusesEXCEPT（）.

7.WecaninferthatGeneral“StonewallJackson”was（）.

8.Wecaninferthatsharp-eyedexpertsarethosewho（）.

問題1選項

A.TherewasagreaterdemandtherethaninAmerican.

B.Therewaslesschanceofbeingdetectedthere.

C.BritainwasSpring'sbirthplace.

D.ThepriceswerehigherinEnglandandCanada.

問題2選項

A.southernmoney

B.signatureofGeorgeWashingtonandBenFranklin

C.southernmanuscriptsandletters

D.CivilWarbattleplans

問題3選項

A.runningabookstoreinPhiladelphia

B.correspondingwithMissFannyJackson

C.asaforger

D.asrespectabledealer

問題4選項

A.TheonlydaughterofGeneral“Stonewall”Jackson.

B.Alittleknowngirlwhosoldherfather'spapertoRobertSpring.

C.RobertSpring'sdaughter.

D.AnimaginarypersoncreatedbySpring

問題5選項

A.Hediscoveredthathehadtheabilityofcopyinghandwriting.

B.Hewasalmostdyinginpoverty.

C.ThecollectionofearlyUSautographswasallsoldout.

D.Hewastryingtomakealiving.

問題6選項

A.Buyingoldbookstousetheagedpaperofthetitlepage

B.treatingpaperwithchemicals

C.treatinginkwithchemicals

D.addingnewpaperintotheoldbooks

問題7選項

A.arealperson

B.animaginaryperson

C.anunknownperson

D.notageneralatall

問題8選項

A.havegoodeyesighttoreadbooks

B.arehighlyskilledatdistinguishingtheforgeriesandtheoriginals

C.haveakeeninsightintounderstandingworldaffairs

D.canseefarintothedistance

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

第6題:D

第7題:A

第8題:B

【解析】1.根據關鍵詞“EnglandandCanada”定位到第一段最后一句“Tolessenthechanceofdetection,hesenthisforgeriestoEnglandandCanadaforsaleandcirculation.”Spring將贗品送到英國和加拿大售賣是因為被查到的機會更小,選項B符合原文。

2.根據第三段的內容可知,美國內戰(zhàn)之后,英國人依然對南部各州情有獨鐘。于是Spring虛構出Jackson將軍的獨生女,因貧困賣掉大量屬于她著名父親的信件和手稿。所以選項C符合原文。

3.根據關鍵詞“15years”定位到第一段第一句“RobertSpring,a19thcenturyforger,wassogoodathisprofessionthathewasabletomakehislivingfor15yearsbysellingfalsesignaturesoffamousAmericans.”19世紀的偽造者RobertSpring非常擅長自己的職業(yè),他靠出售美國名人的假簽名謀生15年。所以選項C正確。

4.根據第三段的內容以及關鍵詞“invented”可知,FannyJackson只是Spring虛構出來的一個人物,目的是為了售賣他造假的Jackson將軍的手稿和信件,所以選項D正確。

5.根據第一段倒數第二句“Discoveringhisabilityatcopyinghandwriting,hebeganimitatingsignaturesofGeorgeWashingtonandBenFranklinandwritingthemonthetitlepagesofoldbooks.”當他發(fā)現自己有抄寫筆跡的能力,于是開始模仿喬治?華盛頓和本?富蘭克林的簽名,并把它們寫在舊書的扉頁上。選項A符合原文。

6.根據第二段的最后兩句可知“theybuyoldbookstousetheagedpaperofthetitlepage,andtheycantreatpaperandinkwithchemicals.”他們買舊書來使用扉頁的舊紙,他們可以用化學物質處理紙張和墨水。只有選項D沒有提及。

7.根據第三段的內容可知,雖然FannyJackson是Spring虛構的人物,但“石墻”將軍這個人是真實存在的,因為Spring所造假的手稿和信件是這位將軍的,所以選項A正確。

8.根據最后一段最后一句“...leavingsharp-eyedexpertsthedifficulttaskofseparatinghisforgeriesformtheoriginals.”留給目光敏銳的專家們一項艱巨的任務:將他（Spring）的贗品與真品分開。選項B符合原文。

2.單選題

Yetthedifferenceintoneandlanguagemuststrikeus,sosoonasitisphilosophythatspeaks:thatchangeshouldremindusthatevenifthefunctionofreligionandthatofreasoncoincide,thisfunctionisperformedinthetwocasesbyverydifferentorgans.Religionsaremany,reasonone.Religionconsistsofconsciousideas,hopes,enthusiasms,andobjectsofworship;itoperatesbygraceandflourishesbyprayer.Reason,ontheotherhand,isamereprincipleorpotentialorder,onwhichindeedwemaycometoreflectbutwhichexistsinusideallyonly,withoutvariationorstressofanykind.Weconformordonotconformtoit;itdoesnoturgeorchideus,norcallforanyemotionsonourpartotherthanthosenaturallyarousedbythevariousobjectswhichitunfoldsintheirtruenatureandproportion.Religionbringssomeorderintolifebyweightingitwithnewmaterials.Reasonaddstothenaturalmaterialsonlytheperfectorderwhichitintroducesintothem.Rationalityisnothingbutaform,anidealconstitutionwhichexperiencemaymoreorlessembody.Religionisapartofexperienceitself:amassofsentimentsandideas.Theoneisaninviolateprinciple,theotherachangingandstrugglingforce.Andyetthisstrugglingandchangingforceofreligionseemstodirectmantowardsomethingeternal.Itseemstomakeforanultimateharmonywithinthesoulandforanultimateharmonybetweenthesoulandallthatthesouldependsupon.Religion,initsintent,isamoreconsciousanddirectpursuitoftheLifeofReasonthanissociety,science,orart,fortheseapproachandfillouttheideallifetentativelyandpiecemeal,hardlyregardingthegoalorcaringfortheultimatejustificationoftheinstinctiveaims.Religionalsohasaninstinctiveandblindsideandbubblesupinallmannerofchancepracticesandintuitions;soon,however,itfeelsitswaytowardtheheartofthings,andfromwhateverquarteritmaycome,veersinthedirectionoftheultimate.

Nevertheless,wemustconfessthatthisreligiouspursuitoftheLifeofReasonhasbeensingularlyabortive.Thosewithinthepaleofeachreligionmayprevailuponthemselvestoexpresssatisfactionwithitsresults,thankstoafondpartialityinreadingthepastandgenerousdraughtsofhopeforthefuture;butanyoneregardingthevariousreligionsatonceandcomparingtheirachievementswithwhatreasonrequires,mustfeelhowterribleisthedisappointmentwhichtheyhaveoneandallpreparedformankind.Theirchiefanxietyhasbeentoofferimaginaryremediesformortalills.Someofwhichareincurableessentially,whileothersmighthavebeenreallycuredbywell-directedeffort.TheGreekoracles,forinstance,pretendedtohealournaturalignorance,whichhasitsappropriatethoughdifficultcure,whiletheChristianvisionofheavenpretendedtobeanantidotetoournaturaldeath—theinevitablecorrelateofbirth,andofachangingandconditionedexistence.Bymethodsofthissortlittlecanbedonefortherealbettermentoflife.Toconfuseintelligenceanddislocatesentimentbygratuitousfictionsisashort-sightedwayofpursuinghappiness,Natureissoonavenged.Anunhealthyexaltationandaone-sidedmoralityhavetobefollowedbyregrettablereaction.Whenthiscome,therealrewardsoflifemayseemvaintoarelaxedvitality,andtheverynameofvirtuemayirritateyoungspiritsuntrainedinanynaturalexcellence,Thus,religiontoooftendebauchesthemoralityitcomestosanctionandimpedesthescienceitoughttofulfill.

Whatisthesecretofthisineptitude?Whydoesreligion,soneartorationalityinitspurpose,fallsoshortofitinitsresults?Theansweriseasy;religionpursuesrationalitythroughtheimagination.Whenitexplainseventsorassignscauses,itisanimaginativesubstituteforscience.Whenitgivesprecepts,insinuatesideals,orremouldsaspiration,itisanimaginativesubstituteforwisdom—Imeanforthedeliberateandimpartialpursuitofallgood.Theconditionandtheaimsoflifearebothrepresentedinreligionpoetically,butthispoetrytendstoarrogatetoitselfliteraltruthandmoralauthority,neitherofwhichitpossesses.Hencethedepthandimportanceofreligionbecomesintelligiblenolessthanitscontradictionsandpracticaldisasters.Itsobjectisthesameasthatofreason,butitsmethodistoproceedbyintuitionandbyuncheckedpoeticalconceits.

1.Asusedinthepassage,theauthorwoulddefinewisdomas（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrueaccordingtotheauthor?

3.Theauthorofthispassagestatesthatreligiondiffersfromrationalityinthat

（

）.

4.AllofthefollowingtermsmaybeusedtodescribetheconceptofreasonasusedbytheauthorEXCEPT（

）.

問題1選項

A.thepursuitofrationalitythroughimagination

B.anunemotionalsearchforthetruth

C.apurposefulandunbiasedquestforthatwhichisbest

D.ashort-sightedwayofpursuinghappiness

問題2選項

A.Religionseeksthetruththroughimagination;reason,initssearch,utilizestheemotions

B.Religionhasprovedanineffectivetoolinsolvingman’sproblems.

C.Scienceseeksapiecemealsolutiontoman’squestions.

D.Thepoetryofreligionoftenassumesthatitisthetruth.

問題3選項

A.itreliesonintuitionratherthanreasoning

B.itisnotconcernedwiththeultimatejustificationofitsinstinctiveaims

C.itdebauchesyoungminds

D.ithasinspiredmankind

問題4選項

A.unemotional

B.orderly

C.reconciledtotheinevitable

D.imaginative

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。題干中關鍵詞wisdom出現在文章最后一段，恰好詞后有破折號“Whenitgivesprecepts,insinuatesideals,orremouldsaspiration,itisanimaginativesubstituteforwisdom—Imeanforthedeliberateandimpartialpursuitofallgood”，當它給人訓誡、暗示理想或重塑抱負時，它是一種富有想象力的智慧的替代品：我認為，它是對一切美好事物深思熟慮、不偏不倚的追求。瀏覽四個選項發(fā)現，C選項“一種對最好的事物有目的且無偏見的追求”符合文意。

2.判斷推理題。第一段中說到對reason理性的態(tài)度“Weconformordonotconformtoit;itdoesnoturgeorchideus,norcallforanyemotionsonourpartotherthanthosenaturallyarousedbythevariousobjectswhichitunfoldsintheirtruenatureandproportion.我們遵循或不遵循它；它既不催促我們，也不責備我們，除了以事物的真實性質和比例展現出來而自然地激起我們的感情外，它不要求我們有任何感情?！?，A選項后半部分“理性在尋找的過程中利用了情感”與文章不符合，因此A選項正確。B選項“宗教已被證明是解決人類問題的一種無效工具”出現在文章第二段“Bymethodsofthissortlittlecanbedonefortherealbettermentoflife.用這種方法（宗教的方法），對生活的真正改善幾乎是無能為力的”；C選項“科學尋求對人類問題的漸進解決辦法”對應文章第三段“Whenitexplainseventsorassignscauses,itisanimaginativesubstituteforscience.當它解釋事件或分配原因時，它是科學的想象替代品”；D選項“宗教的詩歌常常假定它是真理”對應第三段中“Theconditionandtheaimsoflifearebothrepresentedinreligionpoetically,butthispoetrytendstoarrogatetoitselfliteraltruthandmoralauthority,neitherofwhichitpossesses.生活的目的和條件在宗教中都有詩意的體現，但這種詩意往往把宗教所不具備的字面上的真理和道德上的權威據為己有”。

3.判斷推理題。第一段提到題干中兩個關鍵詞“religion”和“rationality”。本題問的是宗教的不同之處，因此定位到“religion”相關句“Religionisapartofexperienceitself:amassofsentimentsandideas.Theoneisaninviolateprinciple,theotherachangingandstrugglingforce.Andyetthisstrugglingandchangingforceofreligionseemstodirectmantowardsomethingeternal.Itseemstomakeforanultimateharmonywithinthesoulandforanultimateharmonybetweenthesoulandallthatthesouldependsupon.宗教是經驗本身的一部分：大量的情感和思想。一個是不可違背的原則，另一個是變化和奮斗的力量。然而，宗教的這種掙扎和變化的力量似乎把人引向某種永恒的東西。它似乎是為了靈魂內部的終極和諧，以及靈魂和靈魂所依賴的一切之間的終極和諧?！睂Ρ冗x項可知，D選項“它鼓舞了人類”符合上述文意。

4.判斷推理題。Reason在本文中的定義出現在第一段“Reason,ontheotherhand,isamereprincipleorpotentialorder,onwhichindeedwemaycometoreflectbutwhichexistsinusideallyonly,withoutvariationorstressofanykind.Weconformordonotconformtoit;itdoesnoturgeorchideus,norcallforanyemotionsonourpartotherthanthosenaturallyarousedbythevariousobjectswhichitunfoldsintheirtruenatureandproportion.另一方面，理性只是一種原則或潛在的秩序，我們確實可以根據它來思考，但它只存在于我們心中，沒有任何變化或壓力。我們遵循或不遵循它；它既不催促我們，也不責備我們，除了以事物的真實性質和比例展現出來而自然地激起我們的感情外，它不要求我們有任何感情?！盇選項unemotional“非感情的”，B選項orderly“有秩序的”，C選項reconciledtotheinevitable“接受不可避免的事實”均出現在上述語句中，D選項imaginative“富于想象的”不符合文中表述，不可用來描述reason。

3.單選題

Amanwhocannotwinhonorinhisownagewillhaveaverysmallchanceofwinningitfrom（

）.

問題1選項

A.posterity

B.immigrants

C.critics

D.improvisation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項posterity“子孫；后裔”；B選項immigrant“移民”；C選項critics“評論家；批評者”；D選項improvisation“即興創(chuàng)作；即席演奏”。句意：一個在他這個年齡不能贏得榮譽的人，從······獲得榮譽的機會很小。前半句提到“他這個年齡”，因此空格處出詞語應與“時間、年齡相關”。綜合句意可知，A選項符合句意。

4.單選題

Themanagerissomuchundertheinfluenceofhissecretarythatsheisthe（

）headofthedepartment.

問題1選項

A.potential

B.virtual

C.probable

D.natural

【答案】B

【解析】句意:老板受到了他秘書的極大影響以至于她是實質上的老板了。

形容詞辨析。Potential有潛力的;virtual實質上的;probable可能的;natural自然的。因此B符合句意。

5.單選題

Theinnocentchildobjectedto（

）likethis.

問題1選項

A.treating

B.betreated

C.havebeentreated

D.beingtreated

【答案】D

【解析】考察固定搭配。objectto后面要接doing，因此to在這里是介詞。根據前后文可知這些無辜的孩子是“被對待”，所以要用被動語態(tài)，因此選項D符合題意。句意：那些無辜的孩子反對被這樣對待。

6.單選題

Ifyouwanttoteachyourchildrenhowtosaysorryyoumustbegoodatsayingityourself,especiallytoyourownchildren.Buthowyousayitcanbequitetricky.

Ifyousaytoyourchildren“I’msorryIgotangrywithyou,but...”whatfollowsthat“but”canrendertheapologyineffective:“Ihadabadday.”or“yournoisewasgivingmeaheadache”leavesthepersonwhohasbeeninjuredfeelingthatheshouldbeapologizingforhisbadbehaviorinexpectinganapology.

Anothermethodbywhichpeopleappeartoapologizewithoutactuallydoingsoistosay“I’msorryyou'reupset”;thissuggeststhatyouaresomehowatfaultforallowingyourselftogetupsetbywhattheotherpersonhasdone.

Thenthereisthegeneral,allcoveringapology,whichavoidsthenecessityofidentifyingaspecificactthatwasparticularlyhurtfulorinsulting,andwhichthepersonwhoisapologizingshouldpromisenevertodoagain.Saying“I‘muselessasaparent”doesnotcommitapersontoanyspecificimprovement.

Thesepseudo-apologiesareusedbypeoplewhobelievesayingsorryshowsweakness.Parentswhowishtoteachtheirchildrentoapologizeshouldseeitasasignofstrength,andthereforenotresorttothesepseudo-apologies.

Butevenwhenpresentedwithexamplesofgenuinecontrition,childrenstillneedhelptobecomeawareofthecomplexitiesofsayingsorry.Athree-year-oldmightneedhelpinunderstandingthatotherchildrenfeelpainjustashedoes,andthathittingaplaymateovertheheadwithaheavytoyrequiresanapology.Asix-year-oldboymightneedremindingthatspoilingotherchildren’sexpectationscanrequireanapology.A12-year-oldmightneedtobeshownthatraidingthebiscuittinwithoutaskingpermissionisacceptable,butthatborrowingaparent’sclotheswithoutpermissionisnot.

1.Ifamotheradds“but”toanapology,（

）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,saying“I'msorryyou'reupset”mostprobablymeans“（

）”.

3.Itisnotadvisabletousethegeneral,all-coveringapologybecause

（

）.

4.Welearnfromthelastparagraphthatinteachingchildrentosaysorry

（

）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatapologizingproperlyis（

）.

問題1選項

A.shedoesn’tfeelthatsheshouldhaveapologized

B.shedoesnotrealizethatthechildhasbeenhurt

C.thechildmayfindtheapologyeasiertoaccept

D.thechildmayfeelthatheowesheranapology

問題2選項

A.Youhavegoodreasontogetupset

B.I’mawareyou’reupsetbutI’mnottoblame

C.Iapologizeforhurtingyourfeelings

D.I’matfaultformakingyouupset

問題3選項

A.isgetsoneintothehabitofmakingemptypromises

B.itmaymaketheotherpersonfeelguilty

C.itisvagueandineffective

D.itishurtfulandinsulting

問題4選項

A.thecomplexitiesinvolvedshouldbeignored

B.theiragesshouldbetakenintoaccount

C.parentsneedtosetthemagoodexample

D.parentsshouldbepatientandtolerant

問題5選項

A.asocialissuecallingforimmediateattention

B.notnecessaryamongfamilymembers

C.asignofsocialprogress

D.notassimpleasitseems

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:判斷推理題。根據第二段的內容“‘but’canrendertheapologyineffective...leavesthepersonwhohasbeeninjuredfeelingthatheshouldbeapologizingforhisbadbehaviorinexpectinganapology.”“但是”這個詞會讓道歉不起作用這讓受傷害的人覺得他應該為自己的錯誤行為道歉，而不是期待別人的道歉。根據題干意思，如果一位母親在道歉之后加上“but”這個詞，。選項A和B均無法在原文中找到對應信息；選項C錯誤，這種道歉方式會讓道歉無效，所以孩子并不會覺得容易接受；只有選項D“孩子可能覺得他應該向母親道歉”符合原文，所以正確。

第2題:判斷推理題。根據關鍵句“I'msorryyou'reupset.”定位到第三段最后一句“thissuggeststhatyouaresomehowatfaultforallowingyourselftogetupsetbywhattheotherpersonhasdone.”這表明你允許自己因為別人的所作所為感到沮喪，自己多少也有錯。潛在意思就是說，我知道你很難過，但這不應該怪我。選項B符合原文。

第3題:判斷推理題。根據第四段的內容“其次是籠統(tǒng)的一般性的道歉，它避免點明特別傷害或侮辱他人的具體行為，而且道歉的人應該承諾永遠不再這樣做。說“作為父母我很沒用”并不能讓一個人有任何具體的進步。”由此可推斷，籠統(tǒng)的道歉并不能讓一個人有任何具體的進步，所以它是無效的；而且是籠統(tǒng)的道歉，也就是模糊的，所以本題選C。

第4題:細節(jié)事實題。根據最后一段首句“Butevenwhenpresentedwithexamplesofgenuinecontrition,childrenstillneedhelptobecomeawareofthecomplexitiesofsayingsorry.”即使孩子們看到了真誠悔悟的例子，他們仍然需要一些幫助來意識到道歉的復雜性。選項A與原文不符，所以錯誤；選項C太過于片面，幫助不一定來自于父母，不能只考慮這一種因素，所以選項C也錯誤；選項D在文中沒有提及。根據下文具體的內容可知，作者是根據孩子的年齡來具體舉例的，所以選項B“孩子的年齡應該被考慮進去”符合原文。

第5題:判斷推理題。結合原文內容可知，本文主要講的是父母應該如何更好的道歉以便能夠教會自己的孩子道歉。不涉及社會問題，所以選項A和C范圍過于寬泛，不恰當；選項B很明顯不符合原文；選項D“道歉并不像看起來的那么簡單”符合原文，文章列舉了幾種道歉的表達方法并且提及道歉具有復雜性，所以選項D正確。

7.單選題

We______soasnottowakethechild.

問題1選項

A.whispered

B.moaned

C.grunted

D.muttered

【答案】A

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。A選項whispered“低聲地說”；B選項moaned“呻吟”；C選項grunted“咕噥著說”；D選項muttered“喃喃自語”。句意：我們低聲說話，以免吵醒孩子。本句表示低聲說話。因此A選項正確。

8.單選題

Chineseoftenshakemyhandanddon’tletgo.Theytalkawaycontentedly,（

）ofmydiscomfortandstruggletodisengagemyhand.

問題1選項

A.oblivious

B.patent

C.obvious

D.pernicious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。oblivious“不知道的；未覺察到的”；patent“專利的；顯然的”；obvious“明顯的；顯著的”；pernicious“有害的；惡性的。句意：中國人經常握住我的手不放。他們非常滿意地交流，沒有察覺到我的不舒服和試圖解開自己的手。選項A符合題意。

9.單選題

Amost（

）argumentaboutwhoshouldgoandfetchthebreadfromthekitchenwasgoingonwhenIcamein

問題1選項

A.trivial

B.delicate

C.minor

D.miniature

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。trivial“不重要的，瑣碎的”；delicate“微妙的，精美的”；minor“次要的，較小的”；miniature“微型的，小規(guī)模的”。句意：當我進來的時候，一場極瑣碎的就誰應該去雞的面前撿回面包的爭吵正在進行。選項A符合題意。

10.單選題

Itisfortunatewhenayoungman’scareergoalsandthewishesofhisparentsforhim（）.

問題1選項

A.coincide

B.supervise

C.collaborate

D.collide

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項coincide“一致，符合；同時發(fā)生”；B選項supervise“監(jiān)督，管理；指導”；C選項collaborate“合作；勾結，通敵”；D選項collide“碰撞；抵觸，沖突”。句意：當一個年輕人的職業(yè)目標和他父母對他的希望一致時，那是幸運的。結合句意，故A選項正確。

11.單選題

）

theafternoon.

問題1選項

A.regained

B.recovered

C.restored

D.revived

【答案】A

【解析】句意:股票交易市場上的股票在早上大幅下跌，但在下午卻小幅上漲。

考查動詞辨析。四個選項均為對應動詞的過去式。regain恢復,收回（不及物動詞）上漲；recover恢復,彌補,重新獲得；restore恢復,還原;revive復興,蘇醒,恢復精祌。根據前面句意以及表轉折的but可知A符合句意。

12.單選題

Inwritinghisaccountoftheseimportantevents,hewillnot_______hisexperiencesintheorderinwhichtheyhappened.

問題1選項

A.classify

B.compare

C.compose

D.arrange

【答案】D

【解析】classify分類；compare比較；compose構成；arrange排列。句意：在記錄這些重要事件時,他不會按照事件發(fā)生的順序來對其進行排列。選項D符合句意。

13.單選題

Youheartherefrainallthetime:theU.S.economylooksgoodstatistically,butitdoesn’tfeelgood.Whydoesn’tever-greaterwealthpromoteever-greaterhappiness?Itisaquestionthatdatesatleasttotheappearancein1958ofTheAffluent(富裕的)SocietybyJohnKennethGalbraith,whodiedrecentlyat97.

TheAffluentSocietyisamodernclassicbecauseithelpeddefineanewmomentinthehumancondition.Formostofhistory,“hunger,sickness,andcold”threatenednearlyeveryone,Galbraithwrote.“Povertywasfoundeverywhereinthatworld.Obviouslyitisnotofours.”AfterWorldWarII,thedreadofanotherGreatDepressiongavewaytoaneconomicboom.Inthe1930sunemploymenthadaveraged18.2percent;inthe1950sitwas4.5percent.

ToGalbraith,materialismhadgonemadandwouldbreeddiscontent.Throughadvertising,companiesconditionedconsumerstobuythingstheydidn’treallywantorneed.Becausesomuchspendingwasartificial,itwouldbeunfulfilling.Meanwhile,governmentspendingthatwouldmakeeveryonebetteroffwasbeingcutdownbecausepeopleinstinctively—andwrongly—labeledgovernmentonlyas“anecessaryevil”.

It’softensaidthatonlythericharegettingahead;everyoneelseisstandingstillorfallingbehind.Well,therearemanyundeservingrich—overpaidchiefexecutives,forinstance.Butoveranymeaningfulperiod,mostpeople’sincomesareincreasing.From1995to2004,inflation-adjustedaveragefamilyincomerose14.3percent,to$43,200.Peoplefeel“squeezed”becausetheirrisingincomesoftendon’tsatisfytheirrisingwants—forbiggerhomes,morehealthcare,moreeducation,fasterInternetconnections.

Theothergreatfrustrationisthatithasnoteliminatedinsecurity.Peopleregardjobstabilityaspartoftheirstandardofliving.Ascorporatelayoffsincreased,thatparthaseroded.Moreworkerstearthey’vebecomethedisposableAmericanasLouisUchitelleputsitinhisbookbythesamename.

Becausesomuchprevioussufferingandsocialconflictstemmedfrompoverty,thearrivalofwidespreadaffluencesuggestedUtopian(烏托邦式的)possibilities.Uptoapoint,affluencesucceeds.Thereismuchlessphysicalmiserythanbefore.Peoplearebetteroff.Unfortunately,affluencealsocreatesnewcomplaintsandcontradictions.

Advancedsocietiesneedeconomicgrowthtosatisfythemultiplyingwantsoftheircitizens.Butthequestforgrowthletsloosenewanxietiesandeconomicconflictsthatdisturbthesocialorder.Affluenceliberatestheindividual,promisingthateveryonecanchooseauniquewaytoself-fulfillment.Butthepromiseissoextravagantthatitpredestinesmanydisappointmentsandsometimesinspireschoicesthathaveanti-socialconsequences,includingfamilybreakdownandobesity(肥胖癥).Statisticalindicatorsofhappinesshavenotrisenwithincomes.

Shouldwebesurprised?Notreally.We’vesimplyreaffirmedanoldtruth:thepursuitofaffluencedoesnotalwaysendwithhappiness.

1.WhatquestiondoesJohnKennethGalbraithraiseinhisbookTheAffluentSociety?

2.AccordingtoGalbraith,peoplefeeldiscontentedbecause______.

3.Whydopeoplefeelsqueezedwhentheiraverageincomerisesconsiderably?

4.WhatdoesLouisUchitellemeanby“thedisposableAmerican”?

5.WhathasaffluencebroughttoAmericansociety?

問題1選項

A.Whystatisticsdon’ttellthetruthabouttheeconomy.

B.Whyaffluencedoesn’tguaranteehappiness.

C.Howhappinesscanbepromotedtoday.

D.Whatliesbehindaneconomicboom.

問題2選項

A.publicspendinghasn’tbeencutdownasexpected

B.thegovernmenthasprovedtobeanecessaryevil

C.theyareinfearofanotherGreatDepression

D.materialismhasrunwildinmodernsociety

問題3選項

A.Theirmaterialpursuitshavegonefaraheadoftheirearnings.

B.Theirpurchasingpowerhasdroppedmarkedlywithinflation.

C.Thedistributionofwealthisunevenbetweentherichandthepoor.

D.Healthcareandeducationalcosthavesomehowgoneoutofcontrol.

問題4選項

A.Thosewhoseejobstabilityaspartoftheirlivingstandard.

B.Peoplefullofutopianideasresultingfromaffluence.

C.PeoplewhohavelittlesayinAmericanpolitics.

D.Workerswhonolongerhavesecurejobs.

問題5選項

A.Renewedeconomicsecurity.

B.Asenseofself-fulfillment.

C.Newconflictsandcomplaints.

D.Miseryandanti-socialbehavior.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段第二、三句Whydoesn’tever-greaterwealthpromoteever-greaterhappiness?Itisaquestionthatdatesatleasttotheappearancein1958ofTheAffluentSocietybyJohnKennethGalbraith（為什么越來越多的財富不能帶來越來越多的幸福呢？這個問題至少可以追溯到1958年約翰?肯尼斯?加爾布雷斯出版的《富裕社會》），說明約翰?肯尼斯?加爾布雷斯在《富裕社會》一書中提出了為什么財富不能帶來幸福的問題。因此B選項“為什么富裕并不能保證幸?！闭_。A選項“為什么統(tǒng)計數據不能說明經濟的真相”，C選項“今天如何能促進幸?！?，D選項“經濟繁榮的背后是什么”在文中均沒有提及，所以A,C,D錯誤。

2.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第一句ToGalbraith,materialismhadgonemadandwouldbreeddiscontent.（在加爾布雷斯看來，物質主義太盛行，會滋生不滿情緒。），說明加爾布雷斯認為人們感覺不滿意的原因是物質主義的肆虐。因此D選項“物質主義在現代社會肆意橫行”正確。A選項“公共開支沒有像預期的那樣被削減”，B選項“政府已被證明是一種必要的罪惡”不是加爾布雷斯認為人們不滿的觀點，所以A,B錯誤。C選項“他們對另一次大蕭條心存恐懼”，由原文可知，現代社會的美國已經消除了傳統(tǒng)意義上的不幸：貧窮、疾病和寒冷，對經濟蕭條的恐懼不會成為他們不滿的原因，所以C錯誤。

3.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段最后一句Peoplefeel“squeezed”becausetheirrisingincomesoftendon’tsatisfytheirrisingwants（人們感覺“財政緊張”，因為增長的收入滿足不了他們越來越多的需求），說明物質追求超出了人們的收入。因此A選項“他們的物質追求已經遠遠超過了他們的收入”正確。B選項“他們的購買力隨著通貨膨脹而明顯下降”，C選項“財富的分配在富人和窮人之間是不平衡的”，D選項“衛(wèi)生保健和教育費用在某種程度上已經失去了控制”在文中均沒有提及，所以B,C,D錯誤。

4.語義推測題。由題干關鍵詞“thedisposableAmerican”可以定位到文章第五段Peopleregardjobstabilityaspartoftheirstandardofliving.Ascorporatelayoffsincreased,thatparthaseroded.Moreworkerstearthey’vebecomethedisposableAmericanasLouisUchitelleputsitinhisbookbythesamename.（人們把工作的穩(wěn)定性看作是他們生活水平的一部分。隨著企業(yè)裁員的增加，這部分已經被侵蝕。路易斯?烏奇捷利在他的同名書中寫道，越來越多的工人認為自己變成了“被遺棄的美國人”。），說明人們把工作穩(wěn)定當作生活水平的一部分，而被解雇的人越多，這種工作安全感也就削弱了，“被遺棄的美國人”在文中是指“沒有穩(wěn)定工作的工人”。因此D選項“不再有穩(wěn)定工作的工人”正確。A選項“那些把工作的穩(wěn)定性看作是他們生活水平的一部分的人”，B選項“因富裕而產生烏托邦思想的人”，C選項“在美國政治中沒有什么發(fā)言權的人”均不符合題意，所以A,B,C錯誤。

5.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第七段第二句Butthequestforgrowthletsloosenewanxietiesandeconomicconflictsthatdisturbthesocialorder.（但是，對增長的追求導致了新的焦慮和經濟沖突，擾亂了社會秩序。），說明追求富裕可能帶來新的焦慮和經濟沖突。因此C選項“新的沖突和抱怨”正確。A選項“重新獲得經濟保障”，B選項“一種自我實現的感覺”，D選項“痛苦和反社會行為”在文中均沒有提及，所以A,B,D錯誤。

14.單選題

Thesamefactorspushwagesandpricesuptogether,theone（

）theother.

問題1選項

A.emphasizing

B.reinforcing

C.multiplying

D.increasing

【答案】B

【解析】動詞辨析題。emphasize強調；reinforce加強，加固；multiply增加；increase增強，提高。

句意：相同的因素推動工資和物價同時上漲，二者相互促進。這里指由于相互促進而增強，所以選項B最為恰當。

15.單選題

Ifreadingistoaccomplishanythingthan______time,itmustbeactive.

問題1選項

A.spending

B.passing

C.wasting

D.idling

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.spending花費B.passing通過

C.wasting浪費D.idling混時間，無所事事

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】由前半句句子意思“如果閱讀是完成一件事，而不是______時間”可知，空格處應該表示“消磨時間”，passtime表示“消磨時間、打發(fā)時間”。因此，B項符合句意。

【干擾項排除】A選項spendtime（花費時間）、C選項wastetime（浪費時間）和D選項idletime（停工時間、空閑時間）不符合句子意思。

【句意】如果閱讀是完成一件事，而不是消磨時間，那么它必須是積極的。

16.單選題

Duringadolescence,thedevelopmentof,politicalideologybecomesapparentintheindividualideologyhereisdefinedasthepresenceofroughlycons