考研考博-英語-仲愷農(nóng)業(yè)工程學院考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-仲愷農(nóng)業(yè)工程學院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Davidistryingtogetthatpromotionbyhookorbycrook;heevenspreadrumorsdefamingothercandidates.

問題1選項

A.scaring

B.smearing

C.squashing

D.startling

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.scaring使害怕；使恐懼B.smearing誹謗；弄臟

C.squashing擠壓D.startling使驚嚇；使嚇一跳

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息spreadrumors（散發(fā)謠言）可推知，defaming是指“誹謗”的意思，B項詞義與之相近，故該題選擇B項。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D項詞義不符合句中所選詞匯。

【句意】大衛(wèi)為了得到提升不擇手段；他甚至散布誹謗其他候選人的謠言。

2.翻譯題

改革開放以來，中國找到了一條適合自己國情的促進和發(fā)展人權(quán)的道路。中國是一個歷史悠久、人口眾多、資源和財富相對短缺的東方發(fā)展中國家。在這樣一個國家促進人權(quán)，既不能照搬西方發(fā)達國家的人權(quán)發(fā)展模式，也不能因襲其他發(fā)展中國家的做法，只能從中國的國情出發(fā)，探索具有自身特點的發(fā)展道路。改革開放以后，中國在總結(jié)歷史經(jīng)驗和教訓(xùn)的基礎(chǔ)上，找到了一條真正符合中國國情的促進人權(quán)發(fā)展的道路。這就是：將生存權(quán)和發(fā)展權(quán)放在首位，在改革、發(fā)展、穩(wěn)定的條件下，全面推進人權(quán)。這條道路的特點是：在發(fā)展人權(quán)的基本方向上，堅持發(fā)展生產(chǎn)力和共同富裕的原則，立足于改善全國人民的生活和促進全國人民人權(quán)的發(fā)展。在促進人權(quán)的輕重緩急上，強調(diào)生存權(quán)、發(fā)展權(quán)的首要地位，同時兼顧公民的政治、經(jīng)濟、社會、文化權(quán)利和個人、集體權(quán)利的全面發(fā)展；在促進和保障人權(quán)的方式上，強調(diào)穩(wěn)定是前提，發(fā)展是關(guān)鍵，改革是動力，法制是保障。20多年來，由于中國堅持了這條正確的發(fā)展道路，不僅使全國人民的生活狀況和精神風貌大為改觀，而且形成了一整套比較完備的保障人民民主權(quán)利的政治制度和法律體系，從而使人權(quán)建設(shè)在制度化、法律化的軌道上取得了長足的進展，人權(quán)狀況呈現(xiàn)出不斷改善的良好態(tài)勢。

Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】Sincetheimplementationofreformandopening-uppolicy,Chinahasfoundaroadforthepromotionanddevelopmentofhumanrightsthatsuitsitsreality.ChinaisanOrientaldevelopingcountrywithalonghistory,alargepopulationandrelativelyscarceresourcesandwealth.Topromotehumanrightsinsuchacountry,ChinamustneitherimitateindiscriminatelyWesterncountries’developmentmodeofhumanrightsnorfollowotherdevelopingcountries’methodsbutstartfromChina’sactualconditionsandexplorearoadwithitsowncharacteristics.Sincetheimplementationofreformandopening-uppolicy,Chinahas,onthebasisofsumminguphistoricalexperiencesanddrawinglessonsfromthem,foundawaytobuildsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics,andthereforehasfoundawaytopromoteanddevelophumanrightsthatisagreeabletoChina’sreality.Thismeansputtingtherighttosubsistenceanddevelopmentinthefirstplaceandpushingforwardhumanrightsinanall?roundwayundertheconditionsofreform,developmentandstability.Thefeaturesofthisroadaretoadheretotheprincipleofdevelopingproductiveforcesandpromotingcommonprosperity,basedonimprovingthelifeofpeoplealloverChinaandpromotingthedevelopmentofhumanrightsofalltheChinesepeopleintermsofthebasicorientationofdevelopinghumanrights.Asfortheorderofimportanceandurgencyofdevelopinghumanrights,therighttosubsistenceanddevelopmentshouldbeputinthefirstplaceandinthemeantime,considerationshouldbegiventodevelopinginanall-roundwaycitizens’political,economic,socialandculturalrightsaswellasindividualandcollectiverights.Asforthewayofpromotingandguaranteeinghumanrights,itshouldbeemphasizedthatstabilityistheprerequisite;developmentisthecrux;reformisthedrivingforce;andgovernmentaccordingtolawistheguarantee.Overthepasttwodecades,China’sadherencetothiscorrectroadtodevelopmenthasledtonotonlytheimprovementofChinesepeople’slivingconditionsandtheirmoralebutalsotheformationofawholesetofrelativelycompletepoliticalandlegalsystemsensuringpeople’sdemocraticrights.Thus,greatprogresshasbeenmadeinputtinghumanrightsintoalegalandinstitutionalframework,andChina’shumanrightsdevelopmenthasbeenimprovingincessantly.

3.單選題

Oh,whatanuisance!It（）soeasyformetobringthosephotographsIwantedtoshowyou,andIhaveleftthemonthetableathome.

問題1選項

A.wouldhavebeen

B.hadbeen

C.wouldbe

D.was

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：真討厭,

我本來很容易就能把那些我想給你看的照片帯過來,

我卻把它們落在家里的桌子上了。wouldhavedone為虛擬語氣,

表示本應(yīng)該做的事但卻沒有做。

4.單選題

（）onlyonemovingsoulinthecenterofalltheorbitsthatisthesunwhichdrivestheplanetsthemorevigorouslytheclosertheplanetis.

問題1選項

A.Asexists

B.Althoughexisting

C.Thereexists

D.Whereexisting

【答案】C

【解析】考查語法知識。C選項的thereexist是therebe句型的變形。需認清句中關(guān)系詞that的先行詞是onemovingsoul。因此C選項符合題意。

5.不定項選擇題

PsychologistsagreethatI.Q.contributeonlyabout20percentofthefactorsthatdeterminesuccess.Afull80percentcomesfromotherfactors,includingwhatIcallemotionalintelligence.Followingaretwoofthemajorqualitiesthatmakeupemotionalintelligence,andhowtheycanbedeveloped:

1.Self-awareness.Theabilitytorecognizeafeelingasithappensisthekeystoneofemotionalintelligence.Peoplewithgreatercertaintyabouttheiremotionsarebetterpilotsoftheirlives.

Developingself-awarenessrequirestuningintowhatneurologistAntonioDamasiocalls“gutfeelings.”Gutfeelingscanoccurwithoutapersonbeingconsciouslyawareofthem.Forexample,whenpeoplewhofearsnakesareshownapictureofasnake,sensorsontheirskinwilldetectsweat,asignofanxiety,eventhoughthepeoplesaytheydonotfeelfear.Thesweatshowsupevenapictureispresentedsorapidlythatthesubjecthasnoconsciousawarenessofseeingit.

Throughdeliberateeffortwecanbecomemoreawareofourgutfeelings.Takesomeonewhoisannoyedbyarudeencounterforhoursafteritoccurred.Hemaybeawareofhisirritabilityandsurprisedwhensomeonecallsattentiontoit.Butifheevaluateshisfeelings,hecanchangethem.

Emotionalself-awarenessisthebuildingblockofthenextfundamentalofemotionintelligence:beingabletoshakeoffbadmood.

2.MoodManagement.Badaswellasgoodmoodsspicelifeandbuildcharacter.Thekeyisbalance.

Weoftenhavelittlecontroloverwhenwearesweptbyemotion.Butwecanhavesomesayinhowlongthatemotionwilllast.PsychologistDianneTiceaskedmorethan400menandwomenabouttheirstrategiesforescapingfoulmoods.Herresearch,alongwiththatofotherpsychologists,providesvaluableinformationonhowtochangeabadmood.

Ofallthemoodsthatpeoplewanttoescape,rageseemstobethehardesttodealwith.Whensomeoneinanothercarcutsyouoffonthehighway,yourreflexivethoughtmaybe:Thatjerk!Hecouldhavehitme!Ican’tlethimgetawaywiththat!Themoreyoustew,theangrieryouget.Suchisthestuffofhypertensionandrecklessdriving.

Whatshouldyoudotorelieverage?Onemythisthatventilatingwillmakeyoufeelbetter.Infact,researchershavefoundthat’soneoftheworststrategies.Amoreeffectivetechniqueis“refraining”,whichmeansconsciouslyreinterpretingasituationinamorepositivelight.Inthecaseofthedriverwhocutsyouoff,youmighttellyourself:Maybehehadsomeemergency.Thisisoneofthemostpotentways,Ticefound,toputangertorest.

Goingoffalonetocoolclownisalsoaneffectivewaytorefuseanger,especiallyifyoucan’tthinkclearly.Ticefoundthatalargeproportionofmencooldownbygoingforadrive—afindingthatinspiredhertodrivemoredefensively.Asaferalternativeisexercise,suchastakingalongwalk.Whateveryoudo,don’twastethetimepursuingyourtrainofangerthoughts.Youraimshouldbetodistractyourself.

Thetechniquesofreframinganddistractioncanalleviatedepressionandanxietyaswellasanger.Addtothemsuchrelaxationtechniquesasdeepbreathingandmeditationandyouhaveanarsenalofweaponsagainstbadmoods.

1.Whataregutfeelings?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,theimportanceofknowingone’sgutfeelingsisthat（）.

3.Theword“spice”inParagraph6isclosedinmeaningto（）.

4.Theessenceof“refraining”inParagraph9is（）.

5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

問題1選項

A.Theyarefeelingoneisbornwith.

B.Theyarefeelingsonemaybeunawareof.

C.Theyarefeelingsoffearandanxiety.

D.Theyarefeelingsfeltbysensiblepeople.

問題2選項

A.onecandevelopthem

B.onecancallother’sattentiontothem

C.onemaygetridofthem

D.onemaycontrolthem

問題3選項

A.addinterestto

B.lengthen

C.makedull

D.bringintoexistence

問題4選項

A.toforgettheunpleasantsituation

B.toadoptapositiveattitude

C.toprotectoneselfproperly

D.toavoidroadaccidents

問題5選項

A.WhatisEmotionalIntelligence?

B.HowtoDevelopEmotionalIntelligence.

C.StrategiesforGettingRidofFoulMoods.

D.HowtoControlone’sGutFeelings.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:細節(jié)事實題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“gutfeelings”定位到第三段第二句話“Gutfeelingscanoccurwithoutapersonbeingconsciouslyawareofthem”（直覺可能在一個人沒有意識到的情況下發(fā)生）可知，直覺是人們可能沒有意識到的感覺。A選項“它們是天生的”沒有原文依據(jù)；C選項“它們是恐懼和焦慮的感覺”錯誤，直覺包括很多種感覺；D選項“它們是理智的人所感受到的感情”錯誤，人都會有直覺，沒有理性和感性之分。因此B選項正確。

第2題:判斷推理題。由題干定位到第四段倒數(shù)一、二句話“Hemaybeawareofhisirritabilityandsurprisedwhensomeonecallsattentiontoit.Butifheevaluateshisfeelings,hecanchangethem”（他可能意識到了自己的易怒，當有人提醒他時，他會感到驚訝。但如果他評估自己的感受，他就能改變。）可知既然可以改變，那就是可以控制的。A選項“可以開發(fā)它們”、B選項“一個人可以引起別人的注意”、C選項“人們可以擺脫它們”均說法錯誤，文中沒有相關(guān)表述。因此D選項正確。

第3題:語義推測題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“spice”定位到第六段“MoodManagement.Badaswellasgoodmoodsspicelifeandbuildcharacter.Thekeyisbalance”（情緒管理。好心情和壞心情可以豐富生活，塑造性格。關(guān)鍵是平衡）可知spice是豐富的意思，即給生活增加樂趣。A選項“增加樂趣”；B選項“延長”、C選項“乏味”、D選項“產(chǎn)生”三項與該處語義不符。因此A選項正確。

第4題:判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“refraining”定位到第九段“Amoreeffectivetechniqueis‘refraining’,whichmeansconsciouslyreinterpretingasituationinamorepositivelight.Inthecaseofthedriverwhocutsyouoff,youmighttellyourself:Maybehehadsomeemergency”（一種更有效的方法是“克制”，這意味著有意識地以一種更積極的態(tài)度重新解釋當前的情況。對于插隊的司機，你可以告訴自己：也許他遇到了緊急情況）可知遇到問題時要克制自己，當遇到插隊的司機時的想法告訴我們要用積極的態(tài)度去思考這些問題。A選項“忘記不愉快的處境”；C選項“妥善保護自己”、D選項“避免交通意外”三項不是本質(zhì)，而是具體可以怎么去讓自己的處境變得舒緩一點的方法，所以排除。因此B選項正確。

第5題:主旨大意題。由題干定位到第一段最后一句話“Followingaretwoofthemajorqualitiesthatmakeupemotionalintelligence,andhowtheycanbedeveloped…”（以下是構(gòu)成情商的兩個主要品質(zhì)，以及如何開發(fā)它們……）可知本文主要圍繞如何開發(fā)情商所展開。A選項“什么是情商”概括不全面，文章不是主要講了情商的定義，有簡單的提及；C選項“擺脫壞心情的策略”、D選項“如何控制自己的直覺”兩項都是如何開發(fā)情商的不同的兩個方法，不能概括整個文章的主旨大意，所以排除。因此B選項正確。

6.單選題

21-25

問題1選項

A.Thelinkbetweenweightlossandsleepdeprivation.

B.Thelinkbetweenweightgainandsleepdeprivation.

C.Thelinkbetweenweightlossandphysicalexercise.

D.Thelinkbetweenweightgainandphysicalexercise.

問題2選項

A.Morethan68000.

B.Morethan60800.

C.Morethan60080.

D.Morethan60008.

問題3選項

A.Seven-hoursleepersgainedmoreweightovertimethanfive-hourones.

B.Five-hoursleepersgainedmoreweightovertimethanseven-hourones.

C.Short-sleeperswere15%morelikelytobecomeobese.

D.Short-sleepersconsumedfewercaloriesthanlongsleepers.24.

問題4選項

A.Overeatingamongthesleep-deprived.

B.Littleexerciseamongthesleep-deprived.

C.Lowermetabolicrateresultingfromlesssleep.

D.Highermetabolicrateresultingfromlesssleep.25.

問題5選項

A.Exerciseeveryday.

B.Takedietpills.

C.Goonadiet.

D.Sleepmore.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】Here’sadreamyweight-lossplan:takeanap.That’sthemessagefromworkbySanjayPatelatCaseWesternReserveUniversityinCleveland,Ohio.(21)(22)(23)Hisstudyofmorethan68000womenhasfoundthatthosewhosleeplessthan5hoursanightgainmoreweightovertimethanthosewhosleep7hoursanight.

Controllingforotherdifferencesbetweenthegroups,Patelfoundthatwomenwhoslept5hoursorlessgained0.7kilogramsmoreonaverageover10yearsthan7-hoursleepers.Theshort-sleepinggroupwasalso32percentmorelikelytohavegained15kilogramsormore,and15percentmorelikelytohavebecomeobese.

Significantly,theshort-sleepersconsumedfewercaloriesthanthosewhoslept7hours,saysPatel,whopresentedhisresultsthisweekattheAmericanThoracicSocietyInternationalConferenceinSanDiego,California.Thisfindingoverturnsthecommonviewthatovereatingamongthesleep-deprivedexplainssuchweightdifferences.

(24)Lowermetabolicrateresultingfromlesssleepmaybethereasonbehindtheweightgain,Patelsuggests.(25)“Itobviouslyalsosuggeststhatgettingpeopletosleepmoremightbearelativelyeasywaytohelppeopleloseweight,”hesays.

21.WhatdidPatel’sstudyindicate?

【解析】根據(jù)錄音內(nèi)容“Hisstudyofmorethan68000womenhasfoundthatthosewhosleeplessthan5hoursanightgainmoreweightovertimethanthosewhosleep7hoursanight”可知，應(yīng)該講的是睡眠不足與體重增加的問題。故選B。

22.HowmanysubjectsdidPatelhaveinhisstudy?

【解析】根據(jù)錄音內(nèi)容“Hisstudyofmorethan68000womenhasfound...”可知，受試對象超過68000。故選A。

23.AccordingtoPatel’sstudy,whichofthefollowingisnottrue?

【解析】根據(jù)錄音內(nèi)容“Hisstudyofmorethan68000womenhasfoundthatthosewhosleeplessthan5hoursanightgainmoreweightovertimethanthosewhosleep7hoursanight”可知，A選項恰與之意思相反。故選A。

24.AccordingtoPatel,whatmightbethereasonbehindtheweightdifferences?

【解析】根據(jù)錄音內(nèi)容“Lowermetabolicratebehindtheweightgain”可知，由于睡眠時間少而導(dǎo)致的代謝緩慢可能是體重增加的原因。故選C。

25.WhatsuggestionwillPatelgivetothosewhowanttoloseweight?

【解析】根據(jù)錄音內(nèi)容“Itobviouslyalsosuggeststhatgettingpeopletosleepmoremightbearelativelyeasywaytohelppeopleloseweight”可知，對于要減肥的人們來說，多睡會兒可能會起作用。故選D。

7.單選題

Eveninthe1700s,duringtheearlyUSsettlements,（

）religiousgroupswhoopposedslavery,andlaterformedthebackboneoftheAbolitionistMovement.

問題1選項

A.therehave

B.thereare

C.therewere

D.havetherebeen

【答案】D

【解析】語法（倒裝）題目?？崭袂耙痪洹癊veninthe1700s,duringtheearlyUSsettlements”是整個句子的時間狀語，而當時間狀語位于句首時，主句部分需要使用部分倒裝，D選項正確。

8.單選題

Thehistoricmeetingofthepresidentsofthesetwocountrieswillgreatlypromote___relationshipandcooperationatalllevels.

問題1選項

A.bilateral

B.benign

C.significant

D.fundamental

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項bilateral“雙邊的；有兩邊的”；B選項benign“良性的；和藹的，親切的；吉利的”；C選項significant“重大的；有效的；有意義的；值得注意的；意味深長的”；D選項fundamental“基本的，根本的”。句意：兩國元首的歷史性會晤將有力地推動雙邊的關(guān)系和各層次合作。結(jié)合句意，A為正確答案。

9.單選題

Inhislecture,ProfMendezreviewedtheevidencesforthealteredviewoftheplateboundarybetweentheIndiansubcontinentandtheTibetanPlateauthatisnowgaininggroundamong

Europeangeologist

問題1選項

A.reviewedthe

B.evidencesforthealteredview

C.thatisnow

D.gainingground

E.沒有錯誤

【答案】B

【解析】名詞誤用。evidences去掉s。evidence在句中表示"證據(jù)",為不可數(shù)名詞。

10.單選題

Theproblemisthatthelossofconfidenceamongthesoldierscanbehighlycontagious.

問題1選項

A.spreading

B.contemptible

C.contented

D.depressing

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。contagious在句中是“傳染性的，會感染的”；A選項spreading“擴散的”；B選項contemptible“可鄙的”；C選項contented“滿足的，心安的”；D選項depressing“沉悶的，陰沉的”。句意：問題是士兵們失去信心可能會傳染。因此只有A項符合。

11.翻譯題

Asmanypeoplehitmiddleage,theymaystarttonoticethattheirmemoryandmentalclarityarenotwhattheyusedtobe.Wesuddenlycan'trememberwhereweputthekeysjustamomentago,oranoldacquaintance’sname,orthenameofanoldbandweusedtolove.Asthebrainfades,werefertotheseoccurrencesas“seniormoments”.Whileseeminglyinnocent,thislossofmentalfocuscanpotentiallyhaveadamagingimpactonourprofessional,socialandpersonallife.

Neuroscientists,expertswhostudythenervoussystem,areincreasinglyshowingthatthere’sactuallyalotthatcanbedone.Itturnsoutthatthebrainneedsexerciseinmuchthesamewayourmusclesdo,andtherightmentalworkoutscansignificantlyimproveourbasiccognitivefunctions.Thinkingisessentiallyaprocessofmakingconnectionsinthebrain.Tosomeextent,ourabilitytoexcelinmakingtheconnectionsthatdriveintelligenceisinherited.

【答案】隨著許多人步入中年，他們可能會開始注意到，他們的記憶力和思維清晰度已經(jīng)不如從前了。我們突然記不起剛才把鑰匙放在哪里了，或者記不起一個老相識的名字，或者記不起一個我們曾經(jīng)喜歡過的老樂隊的名字。當大腦衰退時，我們將這些現(xiàn)象稱為“老年時刻”，雖然看起來很無辜，但這種精神注意力的喪失可能會對我們的職業(yè)、社交和個人生活造成潛在的破壞性影響。

神經(jīng)科學家，研究神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的專家，越來越多地表明實際上有很多事情可以做。事實證明，大腦和我們的肌肉一樣需要鍛煉，正確的腦力鍛煉可以顯著提高我們的基本認知功能。思考本質(zhì)上是在大腦中建立聯(lián)系的過程。在某種程度上，我們在建立驅(qū)動智力的聯(lián)系方面的卓越能力是遺傳的。

12.單選題

Hefeltarepugnanceforthecitybecauseitwasheavilyundertheinfluenceofforeigners,whomheconsideredtobecorruptand（）.

問題1選項

A.unscrupulous

B.withprinciples

C.inprinciple

D.outofprinciple

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項unscrupulous“寡廉鮮恥，不講道德的”；B選項withprinciples“符合原則的”；C選項inprinciple“大體上，原則上”；D選項outofprinciple“背離原則”。根據(jù)題干，可知此處應(yīng)當填入一個形容詞，且含有貶義，因此推測A選項正確。句意：他對這座城市感到厭惡因為這城市受外國人影響太嚴重了，而他眼中的外國人是墮落而又……。因此A選項正確。

13.單選題

Iknownowthatall___humanbeingsworrythatotherswillfindoutthattheyarenotquitegoodenough.

問題1選項

A.sacred

B.holy

C.hysteric

D.sane

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.sacred神圣的B.holy神圣的

C.hysteric歇斯底里的D.sane健全的；理智的

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意，……的人害怕其他人會發(fā)現(xiàn)他們不夠好。D.sane“理智的”符合句意。理智的人們一般會被認為是強大的足夠優(yōu)秀的。人們會在理智的人們身上期待更多。所以這類人害怕別人發(fā)現(xiàn)他們其實不夠好。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】我現(xiàn)在知道，所有理智的人都擔心別人會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不夠好。

14.寫作題

Directions:Writeashortessayofabout300wordsonthefollowingtopic.Doremembertoprovideatitleforyouressay,WriteyouressayontheANSWERSHEET.

Nowadays,moreandmoreyoungpeoplepreferonlineshopping.Haveyoueverhadsuchexperiences?Commentonthistrendbyanalyzingitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.

【答案】略

15.單選題

Despitetheirgoodservice,mostinnsarelesscostlythanhotelsof______standards.

問題1選項

A.equivalent

B.alike

C.uniform

D.likely

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.equivalent（價值、數(shù)量、意義、重要性等）相等的，相同的B.alike相像；十分相似

C.uniform一致的；統(tǒng)一的D.likely可能的；預(yù)料的

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子可知，mostinnsarelesscostlythanhotels（大多數(shù)小旅館比酒店便宜）用到了比較級，而比較通常是在同等的條件下進行，所以空格處應(yīng)該表示“相同的”，該題選擇A項符合句意。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】盡管他們的服務(wù)很好，大多數(shù)小旅館比同等標準的酒店便宜。

16.單選題

Afterthemusichad（

）therewasastormofapplause.

問題1選項

A.diedout

B.diedhard

C.diedoff

D.diedaway

【答案】D

【解析】dieout滅絕，消失；diehard難改掉，難斷氣；dieoff相繼死去，逐個死亡；diedaway減弱，消失。

根據(jù)句意，這里指音樂減弱直至消失，所以選項D符合句意。

17.單選題

Muchofthenewsprovidedbythisnewspaperis(

)

notforeign.

問題1選項

A.domestic

B.devilish

C.unusual

D.civilian

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。domestic“國內(nèi)的”；devilish“邪惡的，精力旺盛的”；unusual“不尋常的”；civilian“民用的”。句意：這家報紙?zhí)峁┑男侣劧际牵ǎ┑亩皇峭鈬?。由notforeign可推知這家報紙?zhí)峁┑南⒋蟛糠质菄鴥?nèi)的，故A項符合題意。

18.單選題

10.In1914,anapparentlyinsignificanteventinaremotepartofEasternEurope（

）Europeintoagreatwar.

問題1選項

A.inserted

B.pitched

C.plunged

D.imposed

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。insert“插入，嵌入”后接in/into/between；pitch“用力扔，投，拋”；plunge“使…陷入（某種狀態(tài)），把…拋進”，常和介詞into搭配使用;impose“迫使，把…強加于”，常和介詞on/upon搭配使用。句意：1914年，發(fā)生在東歐一個偏僻地區(qū)的一件微不足道的小事使歐洲陷入了一場大戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)題干介詞into可知只有C項符合。答案選C。

19.單選題

（）,thelionisamemberofthecatfamily.

問題1選項

A.Likethetiger

B.Aliketothetiger

C.Likingthetiger

D.Itislikethetiger

【答案】B

【解析】語法題。分析題干和選項可知，空格后面已經(jīng)是完整的句子，因此空格處應(yīng)為形容詞短語做狀語，故選B。句意：和老虎一樣，獅子也是貓科動物中的一員。

20.單選題

Itmustguaranteefreedomofexpression,totheendthatall（）totheflowofideasshallberemoved.

問題1選項

A.prophecies

B.transactions

C.arguments

D.hindrances

【答案】D

【解析】prophecies預(yù)言；transactions交易，事務(wù)；arguments辯論；hindrances障礙，妨礙。句意：必須保證言論自由，最終思想流動的一切障礙都應(yīng)消除。選項D符合句意。

21.單選題

Thesalesmanapproachedthehousecautiouslywhenhesawtheviciousdogatthedoor.

問題1選項

A.nervously

B.bravely

C.carefully

D.deliberately

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.nervously緊張地B.bravely勇敢地

C.carefully小心地D.deliberately故意地

【考查點】語義銜接與副詞辨析

【解題思路】后文提到“門口有一只惡狗（theviciousdogatthedoor）”，而“這個銷售員在接近房子（approachedthehouse）”，cautiously是用來修飾他接近房子的動作的，由此推斷，因為有惡狗，所以他在靠近房子的時候非常小心，原詞cautiously“謹慎地”，因此C選項carefully“小心地”與原詞最接近。

【干擾項排除】

A選項nervously“緊張地”，與原詞詞義不相近；

B選項bravely“勇敢地”，與原詞詞義不相近；

D選項deliberately“故意地”，不符合原文語義。

【句意】當推銷員看到門口的那條惡狗時，他小心翼翼地走近那所房子。

22.單選題

Themicroscopecan（

）theobject100timesindiameter.

問題1選項

A.magnify

B.increase

C.develop

D.multiply

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。magnify“放大，擴大”；increase“增加”；develop“發(fā)展，開發(fā)”；multiply“增加，繁殖”。句意：顯微鏡可以把一個物體的直徑放大一百倍。A項符合題意。

23.單選題

Theseconddistinguishingcharacteristicofjazzisarhythmicdrivethatwas____called“hot”andlater“swing”.

問題1選項

A.shortly

B.initially

C.actually

D.literally

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.shortly立刻；短暫的B.initially起初

C.actually實際上D.literally簡直；字面上

【考查點】句間邏輯

【解題思路】空格部分的內(nèi)容為“____被叫作‘熱’”，根據(jù)后文“后來（later）被叫作‘搖擺’”中l(wèi)ater可知，該句表達的是前后變化，前者應(yīng)為以前的名字，B選項initially“起初”符合原句邏輯。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D選項不符合原句邏輯。

【句意】爵士樂的第二個顯著特征是一種節(jié)奏驅(qū)動，最開始稱之為“熱”，后來稱為“搖擺”。

24.單選題

AsmanyofthearticlesinthisissueofTheMcKinseyQuarterlydemonstrate,companiesinthedevelopedworldareoutsourcing（資源外置）everlargerportionsoftheirbusinesstolow-cost,highlyskilledworkersinthedevelopingworld.Drivingthistrendistheremarkableabilityoftheglobalworkforcetolearnonthejob.

Infact,therelationshipbetweenformaleducationandeconomicgrowthinpoorcountriesiswidelymisunderstoodbyeconomistsandpoliticiansalike.Progressinbothareasisundoubtedlynecessaryforthesocial,political,andintellectualdevelopmentoftheseandallothersocieties;however,theconventionalviewthateducationshouldbeoneoftheveryhighestprioritiesforpromotingrapideconomicdevelopmentinpoorcountriesiswrong.Wearefortunatethatitis,becausebuildingneweducationalsystemsthereandputtingenoughpeoplethroughthemtoimproveeconomicperformancewouldrequiretwoorthreegenerations.TheresearchoftheMcKinseyGlobalInstitute(MGI)duringthepastdecadehasconsistentlyshownthatworkersinallcountriescanbetrainedonthejobtoachieveradicallyhigherproductivityand,asaresult,radicallyhigherstandardsofliving.

MGIhasfoundampleevidenceinthedevelopingworldtosupportthisconclusion.InBrazil,forexample,thetwoleadingprivateretailbanksarelocallyownedandstaffedbutachievenear-globallevelsofbest-practiceproductivity.AHondafactoryinBrazilperformsalmostaswellasthecompany’sJapaneseandUSplants.Inthesamecountry,theFrenchhypermarketchainCarrefourachievesabout90percentoftheproductivitythatitachievesathome.

Whatistherealrelationshipbetweeneducationandeconomicdevelopment?Ihavebeguntosuspectthatcontinuingeconomicgrowthpromotesthedevelopmentofeducationevenwhengovernmentsdon'tforceit.Afterall,that'showeducationgotstarted.Whenourancestorswerehuntersandgatherers10,000yearsago,theydidn'thavetimeforeducation.Theydidn'thavetimetowondermuchaboutanythingbesidesfindingfood.Onlywhenhumanitybegantogetitsfoodinamoreproductivewaywastheretimeforotherthings.

Aseducationimproved,humanity'sproductivitypotentialincreasedaswell.Whenthecompetitiveenvironmentpushedourancestorstoachievethatpotential,theycouldinturnaffordmoreeducation.Thisincreasinglyhighlevelofeducationisprobablyanecessary,butnotasufficient,conditionforthecomplexpoliticalsystemsrequiredbyadvancedeconomicperformance.Thuspoorcountriesmightnotbeabletoescapetheirpovertytrapswithoutpoliticalchangesthatmaybepossibleonlywithbroaderformaleducation.Alackofformaleducation,however,doesn'tconstraintheabilityofthedevelopingworld’sworkforcetosubstantiallyimproveproductivityfortheforeseeablefuture.Onthecontrary,constraintsonimprovingproductivityexplainwhyeducationisn'tdevelopingmorequicklytherethanitis.

1.Wecanconcludefromthesecondparagraphthatinpoorcountries（

）.

2.Accordingtothelastparagraph,theeconomicgrowthisneeded

（

）.

3.Accordingtothetext,educationgotstarted（

）.

問題1選項

A.progressineducationisnecessaryforthepoliticaldevelopment

B.theimportanceofeducationhasbeenoverestimated

C.thepooreducationresultsinthelowstandardsofliving

D.thetraditionalviewabouteducationisgroundless

問題2選項

A.beforeeducationcanprogress

B.beforeapoliticalsystemcanoperate

C.inpoorcountriestoescapepoverty

D.toadapttothecompetitiveenvironment

問題3選項

A.whenthegovernmentforcedpeopletostudy

B.whenourancestorshadenoughtime

C.whenourancestorswerenolongerphysicallyhungry

D.beforeourancestorsfoundbetterwaystogetfood

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第二段中的however,theconventionalviewthateducationshouldbeoneoftheveryhighestprioritiesforpromotingrapideconomicdevelopmentinpoorcountriesiswrong（然而，在貧窮國家教育應(yīng)該是最優(yōu)先促進經(jīng)濟快速發(fā)展的觀點是錯誤的）可知B選項“教育的重要性被高估了”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。由最后一段中的Whenthecompetitiveenvironmentpushedourancestorstoachievethatpotential,theycouldinturnaffordmoreeducation...Alackofformaleducation,however,doesn'tconstraintheabilityofthedevelopingworld'sworkforcetosubstantiallyimproveproductivityfortheforeseeablefuture.（當競爭環(huán)境推動我們的祖先實現(xiàn)這一潛力時，他們又能提供更多的教育……然而，缺乏正規(guī)教育并不會限制發(fā)展中國家勞動力在可預(yù)見的未來大幅度提高生產(chǎn)力的能力）可知經(jīng)濟的增長需要適應(yīng)競爭環(huán)境，因此選D。

3.細節(jié)事實題。文章第四段的內(nèi)容為：教育與經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的真正關(guān)系是什么？我開始懷疑持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟增長會促進教育的發(fā)展，即使政府不強制教育。畢竟，教育就是這樣開始的。當我們的祖先一萬年前是獵人和采集者時，他們沒有時間接受教育?？芍逃_始在我們的祖先找到更好的食物的方法之前，因此選D。

25.翻譯題

人們最初是怎樣發(fā)明文字的現(xiàn)在依然不為人所知。換句話說，語言的起源是個謎。我們所了解的人們與動物不同，他們不知用何種方法發(fā)明了一些聲音來表達思想和感情、行為和事物，以便能互相交流。后來他們在一些稱作字母的符號上達成一致意見，這些字母可以合在一起代表這些聲音，而且可以書寫。這些聲音，無論是以口頭還是字母的形式出現(xiàn)，都稱作單詞。

【答案】Howdidmenfirstlearntoinventwords?Itisstillunknowntopeople;inotherwords,theoriginoflanguageisamystery.Allwesupposeisthatsomeearlymeninventedcertainsounds,inonewayoranother,toexpressthoughtsandfeelings,actionsandthings,sothattheycouldcommunicatewitheachother;andthatlatertheyagreeduponcertainsigns,calledletters,whichcouldbecombinedtopresentthosesounds,andwhichcouldbewrittendown.Thosesounds,whetherspokenorwritteninletters,wecallwords.

26.寫作題

Directions:Writeacompositioninthetitle“HowtoEliminateFakeDiplomas”basedonthefollowinggivenoutlineinChinese.Yourcompositionshouldbeabout150Englishwords.PleasewriteyourcompositionontheAnswerSheet.

Outline:

1.現(xiàn)在社會上的假文憑屢見不鮮。

2.如何杜絕假文憑現(xiàn)象？

【答案】HowtoEliminateFakeDiplomas

Inthelastfewyears,thephenomenonoffakediplomasismoreserious.Plentyofpeopleusefakediplomasto

findagoodjob.Besidesthelowcostofthefakediplomasappealslotsofpeoplewhohavenotreceivedhighereducationwhichmakefakediplomasbecomemorecommon.

Fakediplomasdoharmtobothemployersandpersonswhohaverealdiplomas.Ifemployersappointemployeeswhoarenotqualifiedforacertainposition,theircompaniesmaysufferheavylosses,evenfacehugecrisis.Besides,it’sunfairforpeoplewithrealdiplomaswhenthosewhobuyfakediplomasdonotpayanyeffortsandmoneyinhighereducation.Soitistimetodealwiththefakeevent.

Tobeginwith,governmentshouldreleasesomelawstopunishthosepeoplewhofabricateandbuythefakediplomastolimitthefakeevent.Inaddition,theuniversitycanmaketheirdiplomaswithspecialmaterialtolimitthefakediplomas’spreading.Furthermore,universitiesshouldmatchupthecompaniestochecktherecordofformalschoolingoftheiremployees.Inthoseways,thefakeeventsmaybecontrolled.

27.單選題

Whathehadinmind（）tonothinglessthanatotalreversalofthetraditionalroleoftheexecutive.

問題1選項

A.contributed

B.dedicated

C.amounted

D.added