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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣西電力職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.翻譯題

TranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintogoodChinese.

Theseconddesigninthisgreatcenturies—oldtraditionistoarguethatanyformofpublichelptothepooronlyhurtsthepoor.Itdestroysmorale.Itseducespeopleawayfromgainfulemployment.Itbreaksupmarriages,sincewomencanseekwelfareforthemselvesandtheirchildrenoncetheyarewithouthusbands.

(1)Thereisnoproofofthis—none,certainly,thatcomparesthatdamagewiththedamagethatwouldbeinflictedbythelossofpublicassistance.Still,thecaseismade—andbelieved—thatthereissomethinggravelydamagingaboutaidtotheunfortunate.Thisisperhapsourmosthighlyinfluentialpieceoffiction.

(2)Thethird,andcloselyrelated,designforrelievingourselvesofresponsibility,forthepooristheargumentthatpublic-assistancemeasureshaveanadverseeffectonincentive.Theytransferincomefromthediligenttotheidleandfeckless,thusreducingtheeffortofthediligentandencouragingtheidlenessoftheidle.Themodernmanifestationofthisissupply-sideeconomics.Supply-sideeconomicsholdsthattherichintheUnitedStateshavenotbeenworkingbecausetheyhavetoolittleincome.So,bytakingmoneyfromthepoorandgivingittotherich,weincreaseeffortandstimulatetheeconomy.Canwereallybelievethatanyconsiderablenumberofthepoorpreferwelfaretoagoodjob?(3)

Orthatbusinesspeople—corporateexecutives,thekeyfiguresinourtime—areidlingawaytheirhoursbecauseoftheinsufficiencyoftheirpay?ThisisascandalouschargeagainsttheAmericanbusinessperson,notablyahardworker.Beliefcanbetheservantoftruth—butevenmoreofconvenience.

Thefourthdesignforgettingthepooroffourconscienceistopointtothepresumedadverseeffectonfreedomoftakingresponsibilityforthem.Freedomconsistsoftherighttospendamaximumofone’smoneybyone’sownchoice,andtoseeaminimumtakenandspentbythegovernment.(Again,expenditureonnationaldefenseisexcepted.)IntheenduringwordsofProfessorMiltonFriedman,peoplemustbe“freetochoose.”

Thisispossiblythemosttransparentofallofthedesigns;nomentionisordinarilymadeoftherelationofincometothefreedomofthepoor.(ProfessorFriedmanishereanexception;throughthenegativeincometax,hewouldassureeveryoneabasicincome.)(4)

Thereis,wecansurelyagree,noformofoppressionthatisquitesogreat,noconstructiononthoughtandeffortquitesocomprehensive,asthatwhichcomesfromhavingnomoneyatall.

(5)Thoughwehearmuchaboutthelimitationonthefreedomoftheaffluentwhentheirincomeisreducedthroughtaxes,wehearnothingoftheextraordinaryenhancementofthefreedomofthepoorfromhavingsomemoneyoftheirowntospend.Yetthelossoffreedomfromtaxationtotherichisasmallthingascomparedwiththegaininfreedomfromprovidingsomeincometotheimpoverished.Freedomwerightlycherish.Cherishingit,weshouldnotuseitasacoverfordenyingfreedomtothoseinneed.

【答案】1.當(dāng)然,他們找不到哪怕一點(diǎn)證據(jù)表明以上的傷害與失去政府援助給窮人造成的傷害有任何可比性。

2.第三個(gè),也是與此密切相關(guān)的,旨在減輕我們對(duì)窮人的責(zé)任的設(shè)計(jì),是公共援助措施對(duì)激勵(lì)產(chǎn)生不利影響的論點(diǎn)。

3.您真的相信我們這個(gè)時(shí)代的大人物們,比如說公司的法人或者總經(jīng)理,會(huì)因?yàn)橘嵉纳俣沼问趾瞄e,不思工作嗎?這是對(duì)美國商人,特別是努力工作的商人們的誹謗。信念可以是真理的仆從,也可以是便利的仆從。

4.無可爭辯的是,沒有任何一種對(duì)人的壓迫和對(duì)思想努力的束縛更甚于來自身無分文的壓迫和束縛。

5.我們常聽到當(dāng)富人抱怨他們的自由因征稅導(dǎo)致收入減少而受限,卻不曾聽到因?yàn)榈玫娇苫ㄖX而顯著提高了窮人的自由的消息。

2.單選題

Herhonestyis(

),nobodycandoubtit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.outofthequestion

B.withoutquestion

C.inquestion

D.besidethequestion

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。outofthequestion意為“不可能的,不必談的”;withoutquestion意為“毫無疑問”;inquestion意為“考慮之中的,被談?wù)撝摹?;besidethequestion意為“不相關(guān),不切題”。

句意:她的誠實(shí)是毫無疑問的,沒有人能懷疑它。

3.單選題

Withinthehourtheshowiscanceledandeveryonereturnstothehotelto______theirsorrows.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pour

B.swallow

C.suffer

D.drown

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.pour傾倒,倒出B.swallow吞下;咽下

C.suffer(因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦,受難D.drown(使)淹死;淹沒,浸沒

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)前半句“不到一小時(shí),演出就取消了”可知,每個(gè)人都是沉浸在悲傷之中,所以空格處表示“沉浸”符合句意,而drownone’ssorrow可以表示“沉浸在悲傷之中”,所以該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A、B項(xiàng)不符合句意;

C項(xiàng)suffer要與from連用,故排除。

【句意】不到一小時(shí),演出就取消了,每個(gè)人都回到酒店沉浸在憂傷里。

4.單選題

Alargebuildingmayhaveaheating(

)bywhichalltheroomaresteam-heated.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.appliance

B.apparatus

C.furniture

D.equipment

【答案】B

【解析】近義詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)appliance“器械,裝置”,側(cè)重指家用機(jī)器或設(shè)備,尤指家用電器;B選項(xiàng)apparatus“設(shè)備,儀器”,一般指復(fù)雜的儀器設(shè)備;C選項(xiàng)furniture“家具”;D選項(xiàng)equipment“設(shè)備,器材”,多指成套的或重型的設(shè)備或裝備。句意:大建筑物可能會(huì)有暖氣設(shè)備,所有的房間都是通過蒸汽加熱。選項(xiàng)B更符合語境。

5.單選題

Theearliestcontroversiesabouttherelationshipbetweenphotographyandartcenteredonwhetherphotography’sfidelitytoappearancesanddependenceonamachineallowedittobeafineartasdistinctfrommerelyapracticalart.Throughoutthenineteenthcentury,thedefenseofphotographywasidenticalwiththestruggletoestablishitasafineart.Againstthechargethatphotographywasasoulless,mechanicalcopyingofreality,photographersassertedthatitwasinsteadaprivilegedwayofseeing,arevoltagainstcommonplacevision,andnolessworthyanartthanpainting.

Ironically,nowthatphotographyissecurelyestablishedasafineart,manyphotographersfinditpretentiousorirrelevanttolabelitassuch.Seriousphotographersvariouslyclaimtobefinding,recording,impartiallyobserving,witnessingevents,exploringthemselves—anythingbutmakingworksofart.Inthenineteenthcentury,photography’sassociationwiththerealworldplaceditinanambivalentrelationtoart;lateinthetwentiethcentury,anambivalentrelationexistsbecauseoftheModernistheritageinart.Thatimportantphotographersarenolongerwillingtodebatewhetherphotographyisorisnotafineart,excepttoproclaimthattheirownworkisnotinvolvedwithart,showstheextenttowhichtheysimplytakeforgrantedtheconceptofartimposedbythetriumphofModernism:thebettertheart,themoresubversiveitisofthetraditionalaimsofart.

Photographers’disclaimersofanyinterestinmakingarttellusmoreabouttheharriedstatusofthecontemporarynotionofartthanaboutwhetherphotographyisorisnotart.Forexample,thosephotographerswhosupposethat,bytakingpictures,theyaregettingawayfromthepretensiousofartasexemplifiedbypaintingremindusofthoseAbstractExpressionistpainterswhoimaginedtheyweregettingawayfromtheintellectualausterityofclassicalModernistpaintingbyconcentratingonthephysicalactofpainting.Muchofphotography’sprestigetodayderivesfromtheconvergenceofitsaimswiththoseofrecentart,particularlywiththedismissalofabstractartimplicitinthephenomenonofPoppaintingduringthe1960’s.Appreciatingphotographsisarelieftosensibilitiestiredofthementalexertionsdemandedbyabstractart.ClassicalModernistpainting—thatis,abstractartasdevelopedindifferentwaysbyPicasso,Kandinsky,andMatisse—presupposehighlydevelopedskillsoflookingandafamiliaritywithotherpaintingsandthehistoryofart.Photography,likePoppainting,reassuresviewersthatartisnothard;photographyseemstobemoreaboutitssubjectsthanaboutart.

Photography,however,hasdevelopedalltheanxietiesandself-consciousnessofaclassicModernistart.Manyprofessionalsprivatelyhavebeguntoworrythatthepromotionofphotographyasanactivitysubversiveofthetraditionalpretensionsofarthasgonesofarthatthepublicwillforgetthatphotographyisadistinctiveandexaltedactivity—inshort,anart.

1.Inthepassage,theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith(

).

2.Whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdescribes‘theconceptofartimposedbythetriumphofModernism”astheauthorrepresentsitinPara.2?

3.TheauthorintroducesAbstractExpressionistpainters(Para.3)inorderto(

).

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbestexplainsthereactionofseriouscontemporaryphotographerstothequestionofwhetherphotographyisanart?

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthormostprobablyconsidersseriouscontemporaryphotographytobea(

).

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.explaininghowphotographyemergedasafineartafterthecontroversiesofthenineteenthcentury

B.identifyingthewaysthatrecentmovementsinpaintingandsculpturehaveinfluencedthetechniquesemployedbyseriousphotographers

C.explainingtheattitudesofseriouscontemporaryphotographerstowardphotographyasartandplacingthoseattitudesintheirhistoricalcontext

D.definingthevariousapproachesthatseriouscontemporaryphotographerstaketowardtheirartandassessingthevalueofeachofthoseapproaches

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Mechanical

B.Paradoxical

C.Superficial

D.Dramatic

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.provideanexampleofartistswho,likeseriouscontemporaryphotographers,disavowedtraditionallyacceptedaimsofmodemart

B.callattentiontoartistswhoseworksoftenbearaphysicalresemblancetotheworksofseriouscontemporaryphotographers

C.setforthananalogybetweentheAbstractExpressionistpaintersandclassicalModernistpainters

D.provideanexplanationofwhyseriousphotography,likeothercontemporaryvisualforms,isnotandshouldnotpretendtobeanart

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thephotographers*beliefthattheirrelianceonanimpersonalmachinetoproducetheirartrequiresthesurrenderoftheauthorityoftheirpersonalvision

B.Thephotographers'fearthatseriousphotographymaynotbeacceptedasanartbythecontemporaryartpublic

C.TheinfluenceofAbstractExpressionistpaintingandPopArtonthesubjectmatterofthemodemphotograph

D.Thephotographers'beliefthatthebestartissubversiveofartasithaspreviouslybeendefined

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.contemporaryartthatisstrugglingtobeacceptedasfineart

B.craftrequiringsensitivitybutbynomeansanart

C.modemartthatdisplaystheModernisttendencytotrytosubverttheprevailingaimsofart

D.modemartthatdisplaysthetendencyofallModernistarttobecomeincreasinglyformalandabstract

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.題目問作者的文章主要是關(guān)注什么。根據(jù)文章第一段首句Theearliestcontroversiesabouttherelationshipbetweenphotographyandartcenteredonwhetherphotography’sfidelitytoappearancesanddependenceonamachineallowedittobeafineartasdistinctfrommerelyapracticalart.最早的關(guān)于攝影與藝術(shù)的關(guān)系的爭論主要集中在攝影對(duì)于外表的保真度和對(duì)機(jī)器的依賴是否能夠允許它成為一門藝術(shù),有別于僅僅實(shí)用的美術(shù)。后文主要通過討論攝影是否是一門藝術(shù)這個(gè)問題,然后分析了論點(diǎn)雙方對(duì)于這個(gè)問題的態(tài)度。綜合分析后可知主要是分析了攝影師對(duì)待藝術(shù)的態(tài)度,C選項(xiàng)“揭示了嚴(yán)肅的當(dāng)代攝影師對(duì)于攝影作為藝術(shù)以及在歷史背景下的藝術(shù)態(tài)度”符合題意。A項(xiàng)意為“解釋了在十九世紀(jì)的爭議之后攝影是怎樣成作為美術(shù)出現(xiàn)的”;B項(xiàng)意為“鑒別在近期影響了被嚴(yán)肅的攝影師所采納的技術(shù)的繪畫和雕塑藝術(shù)中所用到的方式”;D項(xiàng)意為“定義嚴(yán)肅的當(dāng)代攝影師對(duì)他們的藝術(shù)所采取的各種方法和評(píng)估這些方法的價(jià)值”不符合,排除。

2.theconceptofartimposedbythetriumphofModernism意為“被現(xiàn)代主義的勝利所強(qiáng)加的藝術(shù)的概念”。A項(xiàng)意為“呆板的,機(jī)械的”;B項(xiàng)意為“矛盾的”;C項(xiàng)意為“表面的,膚淺的”;D項(xiàng)意為“引人注目的”。本句所在句子意為“重要的攝影家們不再愿意辯論攝影是或者不是一種藝術(shù),除了聲稱他們自己的作品不再涉及藝術(shù),表明了在多大程度上他們簡單地認(rèn)為“被現(xiàn)代主義的勝利所強(qiáng)加的藝術(shù)的概念是理所當(dāng)然的”:藝術(shù)越好,越顛覆藝術(shù)的傳統(tǒng)目的。根據(jù)句意可知作者所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容是‘矛盾的‘,B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.題目問作者介紹抽象表現(xiàn)主義畫家的目的。根據(jù)第三段第二句‘Forexample,thosephotographerswhosupposethat,bytakingpictures,theyaregettingawayfromthepretensionsofartasexemplifiedbypaintingremindusofthoseAbstractExpressionistpainterswhoimaginedtheyweregettingawayfromtheintellectualausterityofclassicalModernistpaintingbyconcentratingonthephysicalactofpainting.例如,那些假設(shè)的攝影師,通過拍照,他們?cè)絹碓竭h(yuǎn)離以繪畫藝術(shù)的自命不凡提醒我們的抽象表現(xiàn)主義畫家想象他們擺脫古典現(xiàn)代主義繪畫的知識(shí)緊縮專注于繪畫的物理行為。‘可知作者主要是想舉出這樣的例子,A選項(xiàng)“是為了舉出像嚴(yán)肅的現(xiàn)代攝影師那樣的藝術(shù)家,否認(rèn)傳統(tǒng)上公認(rèn)的現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)的目的”符合題意。

4.題目問哪一項(xiàng)最好地解釋了嚴(yán)肅的當(dāng)代攝影師對(duì)于攝影是否是一門藝術(shù)的反應(yīng)。根據(jù)文章最后一句Manyprofessionalsprivatelyhavebeguntoworrythatthepromotionofphotographyasanactivitysubversiveofthetraditionalpretensionsofarthasgonesofarthatthepublicwillforgetthatphotographyisadistinctiveandexaltedactivity—inshort,anart.許多專業(yè)攝影人員私下里己經(jīng)開始擔(dān)心,攝影作為藝術(shù)活動(dòng)促進(jìn)顛覆傳統(tǒng)的自命不凡已經(jīng)走得太遠(yuǎn),引起公眾忘記攝影是一種獨(dú)特的高活動(dòng)總之,是一種藝術(shù)。確定D選項(xiàng)“攝影師認(rèn)為最好的藝術(shù)是對(duì)藝術(shù)的顛覆,就像之前定義的那樣”正確。

5.題目問作者很可能認(rèn)為嚴(yán)肅的當(dāng)代攝影是一種……。A項(xiàng)意為“一種正努力要被認(rèn)可為美術(shù)的當(dāng)代藝術(shù)”;B項(xiàng)意為“一種要求敏感性的工藝,但絕不是藝術(shù)”;C項(xiàng)意為“顯示了現(xiàn)代主義的傾向,試圖顛覆主流的藝術(shù)目標(biāo)的現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)”;D項(xiàng)意為“顯示所有的現(xiàn)代主義藝術(shù)的趨勢(shì)變得越來越正式和抽象的現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)”。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容以及最后一段的闡述’thebettertheart,themoresubversiveitisofthetraditionalaimsofart.Manyprofessionalsprivatelyhavebeguntoworrythat...ofarthasgonesofar藝術(shù)越好,對(duì)傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)目標(biāo)的顛覆性就越大。許多專業(yè)人士私下里開始擔(dān)心……藝術(shù)已經(jīng)走了這么遠(yuǎn)’確定C選項(xiàng)“顯示了現(xiàn)代主義的傾向,試圖顛覆主流的藝術(shù)目標(biāo)的現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)”正確。

6.單選題

Theirclaimstodamageshavenotbeenconvincingly().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.refuted

B.overwhelmed

C.depressed

D.intimidated

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)refute“反駁,駁斥”,B項(xiàng)overwhelm“淹沒,壓倒”,C項(xiàng)depress“壓抑,使沮喪”,D項(xiàng)intimidate“恐嚇,威脅”。根據(jù)句子意思“他們對(duì)損害賠償?shù)囊筮€沒有被令人信服地()”可知,空格部分填入refute表示“駁倒”最符合句意。句意:他們提出的損害賠償要求沒有被有說服力地駁倒。因此,該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Hehadscarcelylefttherailwaystation_______itstartedtorain.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.than

B.then

C.when

D.since

【答案】C

【解析】scarcelywhen為固定用法,表示"一...就..."。句意:他一離開火車站就開始下起了雨。選項(xiàng)C正確。

8.單選題

Thoughitisinmid-May,()tosomepartsofAppalachianTrailisstillverydifficultastheyarecoveredbythicksnow.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.orientation

B.access

C.assess

D.voyage

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)orientation表示“n.方向;定位;情況介紹,培訓(xùn)”,B選項(xiàng)access表示“n.入口,機(jī)會(huì);接近”,C選項(xiàng)assess表示“v.評(píng)定;估價(jià)”,D選項(xiàng)voyage表示“n.航行;航程”。由句意前后邏輯關(guān)系可知,盡管是五月中旬,但是阿巴拉契亞山徑的某些區(qū)域因厚雪覆蓋仍然難以進(jìn)入。空缺處需與介詞to構(gòu)成搭配,因此,本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。固定搭配accessto表示“通向……的入口/通道”。

9.單選題

Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Consumersvisualizetheiractivitiesindifferentweather.

B.Goodweathertriggersconsumers’desiretogoshopping.

C.Weatherconditionsinfluenceconsumers’buyingbehavior.

D.Consumers’mentalstateschangewiththepricesofgoods.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Directcorrelation.

B.Mentalvisualization.

C.Individualassociation.

D.Activeconsumption.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Helpingthemadvertiseagreatervarietyofproducts.

B.Enablingthemtoselltheirproductsatahigherprice.

C.Enablingthemtosimplifytheirmathematicalformulas.

D.Helpingthemdeterminewhattosellandatwhatprice.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

【解析】PassageOne

Weatherisaconstantforceinourlives,butthere’slittlemarketingresearchonhowitaffectsbusinesses.[9]Now,anewstudyrevealshowsunnyandsnowyconditionsinfluenceconsumerbehavior.[10]Thoseweatherconditionstriggerconsumerstomentallyvisualizeusingproductsassociatedwiththerespectiveweather.Thisleadstoconsumersplacingahighervalueonthoseproducts,thatis,they’rewillingtopaymoremoneyforthem.Butthecorrelationisonlyfoundwithproductsrelatedtobeingoutside.Howdoesthiswork?Researchersgivetheexampleofabeachtowel.Onasunnyday,consumerswhoseethatproductarenotjustlookingatthetowelitself.Theyarelikelyimaginingthemselveslyingonthetowelinthesun.[10]Thismentalpictureofusingthetowelincreasesthevalueoftheproductintheconsumers’mind.Researchersputforwardthefollowinghypothesistoexplaintheirfindings.Theythinkthementalpictureworksinsunshineandsnowbecausetheseweatherconditionshaveapositiveassociationwithoutsideactivities.Theeffectisnotseenwithrainyweather.Researchersassertthisisbecausetherearen’tmanyactivitiesthatareenabledbyrain.Mostproductsassociatedwithrainlikeumbrellasareonlyusedforprotectionfromtheweatherandnotforanyactivities.Researchersbelievethatcompaniesthatsellawidearrayofproductsonlinecanbenefitmostfromtheinsightsthisstudyprovides.[11]Onlinesellersoftenusecomplexmathematicalformulastodeterminewhatproductstofeatureandhowtopricetheseproducts.Incorporatingmoredataaboutweatherwouldallowthemtomakebetterdecisions.Thiscouldbolstersales.

9.Whatdowelearnaboutthefindingsofthenewstudy?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問關(guān)于這項(xiàng)新研究的發(fā)現(xiàn),我們可以知道什么?錄音開始不久便提到,一項(xiàng)新的研究揭示了晴雪天氣對(duì)消費(fèi)者行為的影響,C選項(xiàng)“天氣條件影響消費(fèi)者的購買行為”與錄音原文表述相符,因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“消費(fèi)者想象他們?cè)诓煌鞖庀碌幕顒?dòng)”和D選項(xiàng)“消費(fèi)者的心理狀態(tài)隨著商品價(jià)格的變化而變化”在錄音中均沒有信息提及,因此排除。B選項(xiàng)“好的天氣引發(fā)消費(fèi)者購物的欲望”,錄音中只是表明晴雪天氣會(huì)觸發(fā)消費(fèi)者將這些天氣與產(chǎn)品的使用聯(lián)想在一起,而這樣的聯(lián)想會(huì)增加產(chǎn)品在消費(fèi)者心目中的價(jià)值,也就是說,他們?cè)敢鉃檫@些產(chǎn)品支付更多的錢。這表明他們?cè)敢饣ǜ叩膬r(jià)格來購買東西,并不是說好天氣引發(fā)購物欲,因此B選項(xiàng)不正確。

10.Whatdoesthepassagesaymayincreasethevalueofproductsforconsumers?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問對(duì)消費(fèi)者來說,什么可以增加產(chǎn)品的價(jià)值。錄音中提及晴雪天氣會(huì)促使消費(fèi)者想象與這些天氣相關(guān)的商品使用情景,從而增加商品在消費(fèi)者心目中的價(jià)值,并以沙灘毛巾為例具體說明。因此,B選項(xiàng)“大腦想象”正確。A選項(xiàng)“直接關(guān)聯(lián)”利用correlation作干擾,消費(fèi)者通過天氣聯(lián)想商品使用的場(chǎng)景,然后想象的畫面使得商品增值,這是間接的關(guān)聯(lián),因此A選項(xiàng)不正確;C選項(xiàng)“個(gè)人關(guān)聯(lián)”,新研究揭示的是一般消費(fèi)者的普遍行為,并沒有針對(duì)個(gè)人進(jìn)行研究,因此不正確;D選項(xiàng)“主動(dòng)消費(fèi)”,錄音中并沒有表明消費(fèi)是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng),因此D選項(xiàng)也不正確。

11.Howcanthefindingsofthenewstudybenefitonlinesellers,accordingtotheresearchers?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問研究人員認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)新研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)可以怎樣使網(wǎng)上賣家受益?錄音結(jié)尾處提及,研究人員認(rèn)為網(wǎng)上賣家在決定賣什么和定什么價(jià)格時(shí),如果能把更多的天氣信息納入考慮,會(huì)有助于做出更明智的決定,從而促進(jìn)銷售。因此,D選項(xiàng)“幫助他們決定賣什么和定什么價(jià)格”正確。A選項(xiàng)“幫助他們宣傳更多種類的產(chǎn)品”,錄音中并沒有提及“advertise(宣傳)”這一信息,因此不正確;B選項(xiàng)“使他們能以更高的價(jià)格銷售產(chǎn)品”,新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)跟某些天氣條件有正相關(guān)的產(chǎn)品可以在消費(fèi)者心中增值,從而使他們?cè)敢庵Ц陡嗟腻X,但并非所有商品都有這些效應(yīng),因此可排除B選項(xiàng);C選項(xiàng)“使他們能夠簡化數(shù)學(xué)公式”利用mathematicalformulas設(shè)置干擾,錄音只提及網(wǎng)上賣家用復(fù)雜的數(shù)學(xué)公式去幫助做銷售決策,新研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)可以幫助他們更好地做決策,但沒說簡化數(shù)學(xué)公式,因此C選項(xiàng)也不正確。

10.單選題

TheCopperheadisavenomousserpent,foundasfarnorthastheBlueHillsinMassachusetts,and________bitehasproveddangeroustohikersandjoggers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.who

B.whom

C.its

D.whose

【答案】C

【解析】考查物主代詞和從句連詞。分析題干,兩個(gè)句子都不缺主要成分的,所以空格前應(yīng)填一個(gè)形容詞或者副詞來修飾bite,結(jié)合選項(xiàng),答案應(yīng)該選C。干擾項(xiàng)D是錯(cuò)誤的,如果填whose就是把后面看成了一個(gè)從句,但是兩個(gè)句子是and,填whose會(huì)造成從句沒有先行詞。

11.單選題

Underthepresentsystem,stateenterprisesmust____allprofitstothegovernment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.turndown

B.turnup

C.turnout

D.turnin

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.turndown減??;關(guān)?。徽{(diào)低B.turnup出現(xiàn);發(fā)生;開大

C.turnout最后是;結(jié)果是D.turnin上交;歸還

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】句意:在現(xiàn)行制度下,國有企業(yè)必須將所有利潤……政府。國營企業(yè)上繳利潤收入指國營企業(yè)以利潤等形式上繳給國家的預(yù)算收入。因此根據(jù)句意,國有企業(yè)所獲得的利潤要交給政府。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】在現(xiàn)行制度下,國有企業(yè)必須將所有利潤上繳政府。

12.單選題

Twoboyswerecaughtsmokinginschoolbuttheprincipalletthem()withawarning.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.alone

B.off

C.in

D.out

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)letalone“不打擾,不驚動(dòng)”;B選項(xiàng)letoff“排放,寬恕”,表示寬恕的意思時(shí),通常構(gòu)成短語letsb.offwithsth.,寬恕某人做某事;C選項(xiàng)letin“讓……進(jìn)來”;D選項(xiàng)letout“加寬,放寬”。句意:兩個(gè)男孩在學(xué)校抽煙被抓住了,但校長只警告他們一下就放過了。本句表示寬恕了他們。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Mostworthwhilecareersrequiresomekindofspecializedtraining.Ideally,therefore,thechoiceofan(1)shouldbemadeevenbeforechoiceofacurriculuminhighschool.Actually,(2),mostpeoplemakeseveraljobchoicesduringtheirworkinglives,(3)becauseofeconomicandindustrialchangesandpartlytoimprove(4)position.The“oneperfectjob”doesnotexist.Youngpeopleshould(5)enterintoabroadflexibletrainingprogramthatwill(6)themforafieldofworkratherthanforasingle(7)

Unfortunatelymanyyoungpeoplehavetomakecareerplans(8)benefitofhelpfromacompetentvocationalcounselororpsychologist.Knowing(9)abouttheoccupationalworld,orthemselvesforthatmatter,theychoosetheirlifeworkonahit-or-miss(10).Somedriftfromjobtojob.Others(11)toworkinwhichtheyareunhappyandforwhichtheyarenotfitted.

Onecommonmistakeischoosinganoccupationfor(12)realorimaginedprestige.Toomanyhigh-schoolstudents—ortheirparentsforthem—choosetheprofessionalfield,(13)boththerelativelysmallproportionofworkersintheprofessionsandtheextremelyhigheducationalandpersonal(14)Theimaginedorrealprestigeofaprofessionora“white-collar”jobis(15)goodreasonforchoosingitaslife’swork.(16),theseoccupationsarenotalwayswellpaid.Sincealargeproportionofjobsareinmechanicalandmanualwork,the(17)ofyoungpeopleshouldgiveserious(18)tothesefields.

Beforemakinganoccupationalchoice,apersonshouldhaveageneralideaofwhathewants(19)lifeandhowhardheiswillingtoworktogetit.Somewantsecurity;othersarewillingtotake(20)forfinancialgain.Eachoccupationalchoicehasitsdemandsaswellasitsrewards

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.identification

B.entertainment

C.accommodation

D.occupation

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.however

B.therefore

C.though

D.thereby

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.entirely

B.mainly

C.partly

D.especially

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.its

B.his

C.our

D.their

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.since

B.therefore

C.furthermore

D.forever

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.make

B.fit

C.take

D.leave

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.job

B.way

C.means

D.company

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.for

C.without

D.with

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.little

B.few

C.much

D.alot

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.chance

B.basis

C.purpose

D.opportunity

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.apply

B.appeal

C.stick

D.turn

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.our

B.its

C.your

D.their

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.concerning

B.following

C.considering

D.disregarding

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.preferences

B.requirements

C.tendencies

D.ambitions

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.a

B.any

C.no

D.the

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.Therefore

B.However

C.Nevertheless

D.Moreover

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.majority

B.mass

C.minority

D.multitude

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.proposal

B.suggestion

C.consideration

D.appraisal

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.towards

B.against

C.outof

D.without

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.turns

B.parts

C.choices

D.risks

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

第6題:B

第7題:A

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:B

第11題:C

第12題:B

第13題:D

第14題:B

第15題:C

第16題:D

第17題:A

第18題:C

第19題:C

第20題:D

【解析】1.此處句意為:職業(yè)的選擇應(yīng)該先于高中課程的選擇。因此,D項(xiàng)occupation符合句意。

2.空前空后句意為:職業(yè)的選擇應(yīng)該先于高中課程的選擇,實(shí)際上,大多數(shù)人在職業(yè)生涯中都會(huì)做出多種工作選擇。因此前后兩句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的只有A、C項(xiàng),但是C項(xiàng)though后面直接跟句子,不能有逗號(hào),因此A項(xiàng)正確。

3.這里是由and連接的兩個(gè)原因“becauseof...changes”和“partlytoimprove...”。And前后連接的原因部分結(jié)構(gòu)或者邏輯上應(yīng)對(duì)稱。因此,C項(xiàng)partly正確。

4.此處句意為:一部分是因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)和工業(yè)的變化,另一部分是為了升職。因此,D項(xiàng)their(他們的)正確。

5.句意:不存在一份完美的工作。年輕人應(yīng)該參加豐富多彩的培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目。前后為因果承接關(guān)系。因此,B項(xiàng)therefore正確。

6.句意:這些培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目將訓(xùn)練他們適應(yīng)某領(lǐng)域的工作,B項(xiàng)fit與后面的for是固定搭配,表示“適應(yīng)、勝任(工作等)”,故B項(xiàng)正確。

7.ratherthan“而不是”,表轉(zhuǎn)折,前面提到afieldofwork,所以推測(cè)這里是asinglejob,因此A項(xiàng)正確。

8.句子開頭為Unfortunately,因此推測(cè)此處句意應(yīng)為:許多年輕人沒有得到幫助而不得不做出職業(yè)選擇,因此C項(xiàng)正確。

9.句子后面出現(xiàn)了hit-or-miss(隨意的;漫不經(jīng)心的),因此推測(cè)前面句意為:他們對(duì)職場(chǎng)了解不深,

此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)表示“很少”的詞,C、D項(xiàng)排除。因此,A項(xiàng)正確。

10.句意:他們隨意地選擇畢生的事業(yè)。ona...basis表示“基于……的原則”。

11.句意:有些人頻繁跳槽,而另一些人則自己不喜歡且不適合的工作。applyto適用于,申請(qǐng);appealto呼吁,訴諸;stickto堅(jiān)持;turnto轉(zhuǎn)向。因此,C項(xiàng)符合句意。

12.句意:人們?cè)谶x擇職業(yè)時(shí)常犯的一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤是,根據(jù)該職業(yè)實(shí)際情況或想象中的職業(yè)聲望進(jìn)行選擇。因此,B項(xiàng)its正確,指代“occupation’s”。

13.前面指出了人們?cè)谶x擇職業(yè)時(shí)常犯的一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤,接下來這句則具體說明這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤:忽視了職業(yè)中相對(duì)較少的工人比例和極高的教育和個(gè)人要求。因此,D項(xiàng)正確。

14.句意:許多高中生或他們的父母在選擇職業(yè)時(shí)忽視了……教育水平程度和對(duì)自身的要求。

preference偏愛,優(yōu)先權(quán);requirement要求;tendency傾向,趨勢(shì);ambitions雄心,抱負(fù)。因此,B項(xiàng)正確。

15.前面提到人們根據(jù)職業(yè)的實(shí)際情況或想象職業(yè)聲望,進(jìn)行職業(yè)選擇是錯(cuò)誤的,所以,可以推測(cè)這里的句意為:“白領(lǐng)”工作的想象中的或真實(shí)的聲望,并不是選擇它作為生活工作的好理由。因此C項(xiàng)正確。

16.句意:“白領(lǐng)”工作的想象中的或真實(shí)的聲望,并不是選擇它作為生活工作的好理由。,這些職業(yè)往往工資不高。因此前后兩句呈遞進(jìn)關(guān)系,D項(xiàng)正確。

17.句意:大部分工作都是機(jī)械或體力勞動(dòng),大多數(shù)年輕人應(yīng)……。majority多數(shù);mass大量的;minority少數(shù);multitude群眾,多數(shù)的。雖然D項(xiàng)multitude也表示“多數(shù)的”,但一般用“amultitudeof”。因此,A項(xiàng)正確。

18.此處為固定搭配:giveseriousconsiderationto慎重考慮。

19.句意:在做出職業(yè)選擇之前,一個(gè)人應(yīng)該大體清楚他想要從生活中獲得什么。C項(xiàng)outof正確。

20.句意:一些人想要安穩(wěn),而另一些人則愿意承受風(fēng)險(xiǎn)以獲取更大的收益。此處為固定搭配:takerisksfor為……冒險(xiǎn)。

14.單選題

Rejectingtheurgingofhisphysicianfathertostudymedicine,Hawkingchoseto()onmathandtheoreticalphysics.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.impose

B.center

C.overwork

D.concentrate

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組。centeron“集中在……;以……為中心”。句意:霍金拒絕了醫(yī)生父親學(xué)習(xí)醫(yī)學(xué)的強(qiáng)烈要求,選擇專攻數(shù)學(xué)和理論物理。根據(jù)語境和句意可知B為正確答案。

15.單選題

Inaprimaryschool,achildisinacomparativelysimplesettingandmostoftheformsarelationshipwithonefamiliarteacher.Onenteringsecondaryschool,anewworldopensupandfrequentlyitisamuchmoredifficultworld.Thepupilsoonlearnstobelessfreeinthewayhespeakstoteachersandeventohisfellowuppupils.Hebeginstolosegraduallythefreeandeasywaysoftheprimaryschool,forhesensestheneedforamorecautiousapproachinthesecondaryschoolwherethereareolderpupils.Secondarystaffandpupilssufferfromthepressureofacademicworkandseemtohavelesstimetostopandtalk.Teacherswithspecialistrolesmayseehundredsofchildreninaweek,andapupilmaybeabletoformrelationshipwithveryfewofthestaff.Hehastodecidewhichadultsareapproachable;goodschoolswillmakecleartoeveryyoungpersonfromthefirstyearwhatguidanceandpersonalhelpisavailablebutwhethertherealityoflifeintheinstitutionactuallyencouragesrequestsforhelpisanothermatters.

Adultsoftenforgetwhataconfusingpictureschoolcanoffertoachild.Heseesagreatdealofmovement,agreatnumberofpeople-oftenratherfrightening-lookingpeople-andrealizesthatanincreasingnumberofchoicesanddecisionhavetobemade.Asheprogressesthroughtheschooltheconfusionmaybecomelessbutthechoicesanddecisionsrequiredwillincrease.Theschoolwillrightlyexpectthepupiltotakethefirststepstoobtainthehelpheneeds,forthisisthepatternofadultlifeforwhichhehastobeprepared,butallthetimetheopportunitypersonalandgroupadvicemustbepresentedinawaywhichmakesthemeasytounderstandandwithineasyreachofpupils.

1.Accordingtothepassageoneoftheproblemsforpupilsenteringsecondaryschoolsisthat

2.Insecondaryschoolseverypupilhavingproblemsshould(

).

3.Inthispassageaboutsecondaryschools,theauthorismainlyconcernedabout(

).

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

5.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyaretaughtbymanydifferentteachers

B.theydonotattendlessonsineverysubject

C.theteachersdonotwanttobefriendly

D.theteachersgivemostattentiontothemoreacademicpupils

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.knowhowtoaskforhelp

B.befreefromanypressureofacademicwork

C.toabletodiscusshisproblemsinclass

D.beabletodiscusshisproblemswithanyteacher

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.academicstandards

B.theroleofspecialistteachers

C.thetrainingoftheindividualteachers

D.thepersonaldevelopmentofpupils

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Pupilswillformrelationshipwitholdpupilsratherthanteachers.

B.Thesettingoftheprimaryschooliscomparativelysimplerthanthatofthesecondaryschool.

C.Alltheteachersinthesecondaryschoolareratherfrightening-looking.

D.Pupilshaveopportunitiestogethelpfromanyteacherinthesecondaryschool.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thedifferencebetweentheprimaryschoolandthesecondaryschool.

B.Themethodthatpupilsgethelpfromtheteachers.

C.Thepersonaldevelopmentofthepupilsinthesecondaryschool.

D.Thefunctionofthesecondaryschool.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.文章第一段teacherswithspecialistrolesmayseehundredsofchildreninaweek,andapupilmaybeabletoformrelationshipwithveryfewofthestaff提到老師每周要與幾百個(gè)孩子打交道,學(xué)生們很少能和老師形成密切的關(guān)系。因而能夠推斷學(xué)生們進(jìn)入中學(xué)后會(huì)面對(duì)更多的老師,選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.文章第一段最后一句提到好的學(xué)校會(huì)讓學(xué)生們清楚知道他們可以尋求哪些老師的幫助。第二段又指出學(xué)校應(yīng)該期望學(xué)生們開始學(xué)習(xí)如何尋求他所需的幫助,選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.文章主要在講述學(xué)生們從小學(xué)到初中經(jīng)歷的環(huán)境的巨大的變化,他們的感受,以及學(xué)校和老師應(yīng)該采取什么方式來應(yīng)對(duì)學(xué)生們的這些變化。由此可知,作者關(guān)注的是學(xué)生們的成長。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.文章第一句Inaprimaryschool,achildisinacomparativelysimplesettingandmostoftheformsarelationshipwithonefamiliarteacher提到小學(xué)的環(huán)境相對(duì)于單純,選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.文章主要是在講述學(xué)生們步入中學(xué)后面臨的一些問題,以及學(xué)校和老師就這些問題采取的一些措施,作者關(guān)心的是學(xué)生們的成長,所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

16.單選題

Afterfouryearsinthesamejobhisenthusiasmfinally(

).

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deteriorated

B.dispersed

C.dissipated

D.drained

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Deteriorated“惡化”;dispersed“散開,驅(qū)散”;dissipated“驅(qū)散,消散”;drained“使流干”。句意:四年后,對(duì)于同一份工作,他的熱情最終逐漸消失了。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

17.問答題

Ifambition(A)istobewellregarded,therewardsofambition—wealth,distinction,(B)controloverone’sdestiny—(C)mustbedeemedworthofthesacrifices(D)madeonambi

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