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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-曲靖醫(yī)學(xué)高等??茖W(xué)??荚囇侯}卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買!第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.填空題

Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeaword,addawordordetectaword.Ifyouchangeaword,crossitoutandwritethecorrectwordontheanswerSheet.Ifyouaddaword,putaninsertionmark(∧)inthecorrectplaceandwritethemissingwordintheblank.Ifyoudeleteaword,crossitoutandbesuretoputaslash(/)ontheAnswerSheet.

【答案】1.【試題答案】more改成most

2.【試題答案】employed改為converted

3.【試題答案】derivedfrom后面添加定冠詞the

4.【試題答案】than改為that

5.【試題答案】shortage改為storage

6.【試題答案】constantly后面加being

7.【試題答案】把up去掉

8.【試題答案】issplit改成aresplit

9.【試題答案】把oxygen改為hydrogen

10.【試題答案】把a(bǔ)n改成the

【解析】1.【試題解析】考查形容詞最高級(jí)的用法。這里是一個(gè)最高級(jí),the+形容詞的最高級(jí)+of表“最……的”。

2.【試題解析】考查詞義。employ是雇傭,與原文意思不搭,且上文有提到cropsandtrees,whicharethemostefficientconvertersofsunlightintoenergy,所以這里應(yīng)該把employed改成converted,beconvertedinto表示“被轉(zhuǎn)化成、轉(zhuǎn)換成為”。

3.【試題解析】考查定冠詞。sun-warmedsurfacewater這里是特指,要用定冠詞the。

4.【試題解析】考查連詞。than用于比較級(jí),需要有比較的兩個(gè)方面,顯然原文沒(méi)有比較的另一方,且than后面的句子willdriveelectricpowergenerators是做定語(yǔ)修飾heat,因此應(yīng)該使用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。

5.【試題解析】考查詞義。這一句的意思是“交通運(yùn)輸和太陽(yáng)能儲(chǔ)存仍然是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題”,前面提到了transportation,既然要運(yùn)輸那肯定要儲(chǔ)存,所以用storage。

6.【試題解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。constantly表持續(xù)性的,時(shí)態(tài)用進(jìn)行時(shí),這里熱量是被產(chǎn)生,要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的一般現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),所以是isconstantlybeingproduced。

7.【試題解析】考查固定搭配。comeupto表示“達(dá)到(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)/水平)、等于、符合(預(yù)期)”,句意:有時(shí)熱量以熔巖和間歇泉的形式出現(xiàn)在地表;所以應(yīng)該去掉up。

8.【試題解析】考查單復(fù)數(shù)。atomsofuranium這里atom用的復(fù)數(shù),所以be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用are。

9.【試題解析】考查詞義。只有氫能才能聚變成核能,所以這里應(yīng)該改為hydrogen,句意為:另一種正在發(fā)展的能源是某些氫原子的核聚變。

10.【試題解析】考查定冠詞。原文這句話的意思是:此外,電力可以通過(guò)改進(jìn)電池來(lái)提供,其中一些將使電動(dòng)汽車在2000年以前成為經(jīng)濟(jì)上的可能。這里不是使一輛電動(dòng)汽車而是所有的,所以要用定冠詞the。

2.單選題

Thereisthefearthatbabiesmightbegeneticallyalteredtosuittheparents’wishes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.enhanced

B.revised

C.alternated

D.modified

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。alterto表示“更改,改變”;A項(xiàng)enhance“增強(qiáng)”,B項(xiàng)revise“修正,校訂”,C項(xiàng)alternate“交替的,輪流的”,D項(xiàng)modify“修改,修飾”。句意:人們擔(dān)心嬰兒的基因會(huì)被改變以滿足父母的愿望。根據(jù)句意可知,選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Thegovernorwas______forwrongfuluseofstatemoney.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.implanted

B.impended

C.imbued

D.impeached

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.implanted植入B.impended即將發(fā)生,正在逼近

C.imbued灌輸,感染D.impeached彈劾,歸咎

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)空格后的句子意思“因挪用州政府的資金”,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)意思可知,Thegovernorwas______表示“州長(zhǎng)被彈劾了”;因此,該題選擇D項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)都不符合語(yǔ)義邏輯。

【句意】這位州長(zhǎng)因挪用州政府的資金而被彈劾。

4.單選題

Themeeting’sbeencancelled.Ann(

)allthatwork.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.needtodo

B.needhave

C.needn’thavedone

D.needednottodo

【答案】C

【解析】考查need的用法。句意:會(huì)議被取消了。安娜()所有工作。前面分句中的時(shí)態(tài)是過(guò)去完成時(shí),所以這里的主句也是用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。need作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),表示“需要”或“必須”,沒(méi)有性和數(shù)的變化,通常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句,A、B、C選項(xiàng)都不符合題意,所以答案選C選項(xiàng),needn’thavedone是做了不需要做的事情。翻譯:會(huì)議已經(jīng)被取消了,Ann做了不需要做的工作。

5.單選題

Wewillsee()thechildrenareproperlyeducated.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tothem

B.tothat

C.toitwhether

D.toitthat

【答案】D

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法。seetoitthat“確保,務(wù)必”,句意:我們必須確保孩子們是被正確地教育的。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

6.單選題

Itisdifficulttobelievethenewspaperaccountsofthiseventbecauseofthe______andexaggerationswrittenbythereporters.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.distrait

B.dissuasion

C.distortion

D.dissonance

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)distrait形容詞,表示“(因煩惱、憂懼等)心不在焉的”,B項(xiàng)dissuasion表示“勸阻,勸誡”,C項(xiàng)distortion表示“變形,失真,曲解”,D項(xiàng)dissonance表示“不一致,不調(diào)和”??崭裉幒蚭xaggerations(夸大)為并列成分,根據(jù)reporters(記者)可知,“曲解”符合語(yǔ)境。句意:由于記者們的歪曲和夸大,報(bào)紙對(duì)這個(gè)事件的報(bào)道令人難以相信。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Weallwanttostandfirstinline,firstintheheartsofourcountry,firstinthepolls,firstinthestandings.The(1)ofNumberOneissurelyanimportantthinginsports,butforuniversities,beingfirstisnotasimportantasbeing(2)thebest.

Thetwenty-firstcenturyshowsno(3)ofinterestamongresearchers,institutions,donors,boardsoftrustees,andgovernmentsinusingvariousuniversityrankingsto(4)theperformanceofhighereducationinstitutions.Mostnationalresearchuniversitiesmeasurethemselves(5)awiderangeofdimensionsthattheinstitutionsbelieveimportantfordeterminingimprovementandsuccess.Atthesametime,nosingleindicatororcompositenumber(6)representswhatanindividualinstitutionhasdone,cando,orwilldo.Toimprovethequalityandproductivityofa(7)nationalresearchuniversity,itsfaculty,students,staff,andsupportersneedto(8)anumberofindicatorsthat,(9)together,giveareasonableapproximationofaccomplishmentandstrength(10)tothebestuniversitiesinthecountry.

Manyindicators(11)thispurpose,butmostobserversknowthatresearch(12)morethananythingelsein(13)thebestinstitutions.Initsannualreports,TheCenterprovidesboththe(14)researchanddevelopmentexpendituresandthehighly-competitivefederally(15)researchanddevelopmentexpendituresasindicatorsofresearchscale.(16)thedollarsgiveagoodapproximationofresearchactivity,(17)isthefacultywhoprovidethecriticalresourceforuniversitysuccess,andTheCenterreportsthenumberofmembersoftheNationalAcademiesamonganinstitution’sfacultyalongwiththenumberofsignificantfacultyawardsearnedasindicatorsoffacultydistinction.Studentsprovidea(18)indicatorbyreflectingboththeexternallyperceivedqualityoftheinstitutionand(19)withtheirowncredentialsanimportantcontributiontothatquality.Forthegraduateandresearchinstructionaldimension,TheCenterprovidesthenumberofdoctorates(20)andthenumberofpostdoctoralappointmentssupported;andTheCenteroffersmedianSATscoresasindicatorsofstudentcompetitiveness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.eager

B.ambition

C.pursuit

D.desire

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.among

C.for

D.on

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.fewer

B.lessening

C.weaker

D.worsening

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.assess

B.assume

C.comment

D.reflect

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.for

C.on

D.in

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.moderately

B.accurately

C.equitably

D.fairly

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.major

B.main

C.basic

D.fundamental

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.pursue

B.evaluate

C.follow

D.appraise

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.taken

B.got

C.getting

D.taking

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.reference

B.superior

C.close

D.relative

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.meet

B.serve

C.fill

D.integrate

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.implies

B.means

C.symbolizes

D.matters

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.determining

B.disclosing

C.differentiating

D.defining

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.total

B.whole

C.major

D.sum

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.recognized

B.sponsored

C.sponsoring

D.recognizing

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.However

B.Therefore

C.While

D.Nevertheless

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.which

C.this

D.it

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.second

B.double

C.twice

D.twin

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.providing

B.provide

C.provided

D.provision

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.won

B.awarded

C.awarding

D.winning

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:B

第7題:A

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:D

第11題:B

第12題:D

第13題:D

第14題:A

第15題:B

第16題:C

第17題:D

第18題:B

第19題:A

第20題:B

【解析】(1)語(yǔ)義連接。此處表示對(duì)第一的爭(zhēng)奪,追求。Eager渴望;ambition抱負(fù);pursuit追求;desire要求。

(2)邏輯分析。..foruniversities,beingfirstisnotasimportant:對(duì)許多大學(xué)來(lái)說(shuō),成為第一并不重要...。universities:用的是復(fù)數(shù)形式,可推測(cè)此處為:在一堆的大學(xué)中進(jìn)行比較,故選擇B項(xiàng)。

(3)語(yǔ)義連接。第一段提到到處可以見到爭(zhēng)“第一”的現(xiàn)象,所以這種現(xiàn)象在現(xiàn)在依舊沒(méi)有減少,由此得出選擇B:減輕,變小,nolessening:沒(méi)有減小,符合句意。Fewer更少;lessening減輕,變小;weaker較弱的;worsening惡化的。

(4)動(dòng)詞辨析??崭裉庍xA,意思是:評(píng)估高等院校的績(jī)效。A:評(píng)估;B:假設(shè);C:評(píng)論;D:反映。

(5)固定搭配。onawiderangeofdimensions:在一個(gè)更為廣闊的空間。

(6)副詞辨析。上一句提到評(píng)估要在一個(gè)更為廣闊的空間進(jìn)行,所以下一句句意為:nosingleindicatororcompositenumber...represents:?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)的指標(biāo)或合成數(shù)不能準(zhǔn)確地反映出情況,選B:精準(zhǔn)地,準(zhǔn)確地。A:適度地;C:公正地;D:公平地。

(7)固定搭配。majornationalresearchuniversity:重點(diǎn)國(guó)家級(jí)研究型大學(xué)。

(8)動(dòng)詞辨析。對(duì)大學(xué)的評(píng)估要依據(jù)不同的指標(biāo),故選擇C,依據(jù)。A:追趕;B:評(píng)價(jià),評(píng)估;D:評(píng)價(jià),鑒定。

(9)固定搭配。takentogether:總算,合起來(lái)。

(10)短語(yǔ)辨析。giveareasonableapproximationofaccomplishmentandstrength20tothebestuniversitiesinthecountry:對(duì)其成績(jī)與實(shí)務(wù)給出一個(gè)合理的近似值,參照國(guó)內(nèi)最好的大學(xué)。由此得出選擇D:relativeto:相對(duì)于,涉及,有關(guān)。A:參考,參照,是名詞,后面不接介詞。B:superiorto:優(yōu)于,比...越。C:closeto:接近。

(11)動(dòng)詞辨析。上文提到對(duì)研究院的考核要遵循一些指標(biāo),故Manyindicatorsservesthispurpose:許多指標(biāo)服務(wù)于這個(gè)目的,故選擇B:服務(wù)。

(12)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:研究院的成果對(duì)學(xué)院的考核很重要。因此D項(xiàng)符合句意。A:暗示;B:手段,方式;C:象征,代表;D:要緊。

(13)動(dòng)詞辨析。此處句意為:依據(jù)指標(biāo)對(duì)研究院進(jìn)行考核,再評(píng)定其是不是最好的學(xué)院。故D項(xiàng)符合句意。A:測(cè)定,決定;B:公開;C:區(qū)分;D:定義,界定。

(14)形容詞辨析。Initsannualreports意思是:在年度報(bào)告中。所以推測(cè)此處為:搜集全部的資料。故選A。

(15)動(dòng)詞辨析&語(yǔ)法分析。此處指的是聯(lián)邦政府對(duì)大學(xué)的贊助。這里應(yīng)該用sponsor的過(guò)去分詞形式,表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生。

(16)邏輯分析。此處表示:從事研究所需的經(jīng)費(fèi)到齊之時(shí)。故選擇C:當(dāng)...時(shí)候,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。

(17)語(yǔ)法分析。此處為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型:Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(通常是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ))+that/who(當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)且主語(yǔ)指人)+其他部分。故選擇D。A:那個(gè);B:哪個(gè);C:這個(gè)。

(18)語(yǔ)義連接。句子中用到:both...and:兩者都...,可知這兩方面都發(fā)揮了作用,故選擇B:雙重的,兩倍的。

(19)動(dòng)詞辨析。此處意思為:學(xué)生們提供了一些指標(biāo)反映學(xué)院的實(shí)力,故選擇A:提供,現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨,表主動(dòng)。B:提供;C:假如;D:規(guī)定,條款。

(20)固定搭配。doctoratesawarded:被授予博士頭銜。

8.單選題

Sincetheeconomicreform,withprices______somuch,itishardforthemanykindnessesyouhaveshownmyson.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.swinging

B.waving

C.fluctuating

D.vibrating

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)swing“搖擺”,B項(xiàng)wave“揮手,揮手示意”,C項(xiàng)fluctuate“波動(dòng),漲落”,D項(xiàng)vibrate“振動(dòng),顫動(dòng)”。空格部分是一個(gè)with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),所以空格處要填入一個(gè)動(dòng)詞與price(價(jià)格)搭配,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C項(xiàng)最符合。句意:自從經(jīng)濟(jì)改革以來(lái),物價(jià)波動(dòng)如此之大,您對(duì)我兒子的好意實(shí)在難以接受。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

9.單選題

Inthedecadesbetween1910and1930,overtenpercentoftheBlackpopulationoftheUnitedStateslefttheSouth,wherethemajorityoftheBlackpopulationhadbeenlocated,andmigratedtonorthernstates,withthelargestnumbermoving,itisclaimed,between1916and1918.Ithasbeenfrequentlyassumed,butnotproved,thatmostofthemigrantsinwhathascometobecalledtheGreatMigrationcamefromruralareasandweremotivatedbytwoconcurrentfactors:thecollapseofcottonindustryfollowingboll-weevilinfestation,whichbeganin1898,andincreaseddemandintheNorthforlaborfollowingthecessationofEuropeanimmigrationcausedbytheoutbreakofthefirstWorldWarin1914.Thisassumptionhasledtotheconclusionthatthemigrant’ssubsequentlackofeconomicmobilityintheNorthistiedtoruralbackground,abackgroundthatimpliesunfamiliaritywithurbanlivingandalackofindustrialskills.

ButthequestionofwhoactuallylefttheSouthhasneverbeeninvestigatedindetail.AlthoughnumerousinvestigationsdocumentaflightfromruralsouthernareastosoutherncitiespriortotheGreatMigration,noonehasconsideredwhetherthesamemigrantsthenmovedontonortherncities.In1910over600,000Blackworkers,ortenpercentoftheBlackworkforcereportedthemselvestobeengagedin“manufacturingandmechanicalpursuits”,thefederalcensuscategoryroughlyincludingtheentireindustrialsector.TheGreatMigrationcouldeasilyhavebeenmadeupentirelyofthisgroupandtheirfamilies.Itisperhapssurprisingtoarguethatanemployedpopulationcouldbetemptedtomove,butanexplanationliesinthelaborconditionsthenprevalentintheSouth.

Aboutthirty-fivepercentoftheurbanBlackpopulationintheSouthwasengagedinskilledtrades.Somewerefromtheoldartisanclassofslavery—blacksmiths,masons,carpenters一whichhadamonopolyofcertaintrades?buttheyweregraduallybeingpushedoutbycompetition,mechanization,andobsolescence.Theremainingsixty-fivepercent,morerecentlyurbanized,workedinnewlydevelopedindustries—tobacco,lumber,coalandironmanufacture,andrailroads.WagesintheSouth,however,werelow,andBlackworkerswereaware,throughlaborrecruitersandtheBlackpress,thattheycouldearnmoreevenasunskilledworkersintheNorththantheycouldasartisansintheSouth.Aftertheboll-weevilinfestation,urbanBlackworkersfacedcompetitionfromthecontinuinginfluxofbothBlackandWhiteruralworkers,whoweredriventoundercutthewagesformerlypaidforindustrialjobs.Thus,amovenorthwouldbeseenasadvantageoustoagroupthatwasalreadyurbanizedandsteadilyemployed,andtheeasyconclusiontyingtheirsubsequenteconomicproblemsintheNorthtotheirruralbackgroundscomesintoquestion.

1.TheauthorindicatestheGreatMigrationexplicitlybyusingashersourceofinformation(

).

2.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingistrueofwagesinsoutherncitiesin1910?

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheunderlinedphrase“theeasyconclusion”isbasedontheassumptionthat(

).

4.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto(

).

5.Thematerialinthepassagewouldbemostrelevanttoalongdiscussionofwhichofthefollowingtopics?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.immigrationServicereportsin1930

B.theFirstWorldWarin1918

C.thefederalcensusin1910

D.southernnewspapersin1898

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theywerebeingpushedlowerasaresultofincreasedcompetition.

B.Theybegantorisesothatsouthernindustrycouldattractruralworkers.

C.Theyhadincreasedforskilledworkersbutdecreasedforunskilledworkers.

D.Theyhadincreasedinlargesoutherncitiesbutdecreasedinsmallsouthernones.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.peoplewhomigratefromruralareastolargecitiesusuallydosoforeconomicreasons

B.mostpeoplewholeaveruralareastoworkincitiesreturntoruralareasassoonasitisfinanciallypossibleforthemtodoso

C.peoplewithruralbackgroundsarelesslikelytosucceedeconomicallyincitiesthanthosewithurbanbackgrounds

D.mostpeoplewhowereonceskilledworkersarenotwillingtoworkasunskilledworkers

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.introducearecentlydiscoveredsourceofinformation

B.supportanalternativetoanacceptedmethodology

C.presentevidencethatresolvesacontradiction

D.challengeawidelyacceptedexplanation

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.TheEffectofMigrationontheRegionalEconomiesoftheUnitedStatesFollowingtheFirstWorldWar.

B.TheReasonsfortheSubsequentEconomicDifficultiesofThoseWhoParticipatedintheGreatMigration.

C.TheTransitionfortheSubsequentEconomicDifficultiesofThoseWhoParticipatedintheGreatMigration.

D.TheTransitionoftheAgriculturalSouthFollowingtheBoll-weevilInfestation

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:1.根據(jù)第二段的三四句,1910年,60多萬(wàn)黑人工人,即黑人勞動(dòng)力的10%,聲稱自己從事“制造業(yè)和機(jī)械制造業(yè)”,這一聯(lián)邦人口普查類別基本上包括了整個(gè)工業(yè)部門。大遷移很可能完全由這個(gè)群體和他們的家庭組成。由此可知,作者以1910年聯(lián)邦人口普查為資料來(lái)源,明確指出了大遷移。選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“Aftertheboll-weevilinfestation,...formerlypaidforindustrialjobs.”在棉鈴蟲泛濫之后,由于農(nóng)村的黑人工人和白人工人不斷涌入,城里的黑人工人面臨著競(jìng)爭(zhēng),他們被迫降低了工資。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第三段最后一句,向北遷移將被認(rèn)為對(duì)一個(gè)已經(jīng)城市化并穩(wěn)定就業(yè)的群體有利,而將他們隨后在北方遇到的經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題與他們的農(nóng)村背景聯(lián)系起來(lái)的簡(jiǎn)單結(jié)論將受到質(zhì)疑。再根據(jù)第一段最后一句,這一假設(shè)導(dǎo)致的結(jié)論是,北方移民隨后缺乏經(jīng)濟(jì)流動(dòng)性與其農(nóng)村背景有關(guān),農(nóng)村背景意味著不熟悉城市生活和缺乏工業(yè)技能。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

4.結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知,作者在第一段提出一個(gè)假設(shè)“大多數(shù)移民來(lái)自于農(nóng)村”以及一個(gè)結(jié)論“北方移民隨后缺乏經(jīng)濟(jì)流動(dòng)性與其農(nóng)村背景有關(guān)”;但在第二段,作者指出就業(yè)人口可能也會(huì)受到遷移的誘惑,原因在于當(dāng)時(shí)盛行于南方的惡劣的勞動(dòng)環(huán)境,這是在質(zhì)疑第一段提出的假設(shè)。第三段也對(duì)第一段提出的結(jié)論進(jìn)行了質(zhì)疑,所以本文的目的是挑戰(zhàn)一種被人們廣泛接受的解釋。選項(xiàng)D正確。

5.根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容可知,原文之所以提出大多數(shù)移民來(lái)自于農(nóng)村的假設(shè)是因?yàn)槿藗兿虮狈揭泼裰蠼?jīng)濟(jì)變得困難,所以本文其實(shí)是在探討人們向北方移民之后經(jīng)濟(jì)困難的原因,選項(xiàng)B與原文相關(guān)。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

10.單選題

Theydenouncedeficitspending,declaringthatyoucan’tsolvedebtproblemswithmoredebt.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.condemn

B.dispute

C.contend

D.neglect

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.condemn譴責(zé),指責(zé)B.dispute對(duì)……提出質(zhì)詢,對(duì)……表示異議(或懷疑)

C.contend(尤指在爭(zhēng)論中)聲稱,主張D.neglect忽略,忽視

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】denounce的意思為“譴責(zé),指責(zé)”,指的是譴責(zé)財(cái)政赤字,condemn與之詞義相近,因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。

【句意】他們譴責(zé)財(cái)政赤字,宣稱增加債務(wù)并不能解決債務(wù)問(wèn)題。

11.單選題

Thisisoneofthefewjobsyoucandointhisplaceand___beingcompletelydrunk.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.contributeto

B.getawaywith

C.makefor

D.tryon

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“contributeto”,意為“有助于,促成,捐獻(xiàn)”,B選項(xiàng)“getawaywith”,意為“僥幸成功,僥幸逃脫”,C選項(xiàng)“makefor”,意為“有助于,促進(jìn),導(dǎo)致”,D選項(xiàng)“tryon”,意為“試用,試穿”,句意:這是你在這里能做的為數(shù)不多的工作之一,而且還能避免喝醉。因此,B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

12.單選題

Ifthesun()theplayerscouldhavefinishedthegame.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hadshine

B.didshine

C.wereshining

D.hadshone

【答案】D

【解析】本題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。這是個(gè)虛擬條件句,表示對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬,句意:如果太陽(yáng)照耀著,隊(duì)員們本可以完成比賽,說(shuō)明比賽未完成,這個(gè)事情已經(jīng)是既成事實(shí)了,ifIhaddone…Iwouldhavedone…因此,D選項(xiàng)符合句意。

13.單選題

Iwaiteduntilhehad()beforeItoldhimIwasleavingandheadedforthefrontdoor.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.handeddown

B.calmeddown

C.turneddown

D.trackeddown

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)handeddown“把...傳給,流傳下來(lái)”,B選項(xiàng)calmeddown“冷靜,平靜”,C選項(xiàng)turneddown“拒絕,調(diào)低”,D選項(xiàng)trackeddown“追捕,查出”,句意:我一直等到他平靜下來(lái),才告訴他我要離開并朝前門走去。因此,B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

14.單選題

Towriteasummaryeffectively,youwillneedto—()wordsforphrases,phrasesforsentences,andgeneralentrancesforlistsofdetails.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.convert

B.complement

C.substitute

D.constitute

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。convert轉(zhuǎn)換,使轉(zhuǎn)變;complement補(bǔ)足,補(bǔ)助;substitute代替;constitute組成,構(gòu)成。substitutefor代替。句意:為了寫好一篇摘要,你需要用單詞替代短語(yǔ),用短語(yǔ)替代句子,用主旨替代細(xì)節(jié)。故C項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Dellquitdealinginsouped-upversionsofothercompanies’products,andstarteddesigning,___andmarketinghisown.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fashioning

B.assembling

C.pruning

D.slashing

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)fashioning“使用;改變;做成……的形狀”;B選項(xiàng)assembling“集合,聚集;裝配;收集”;C選項(xiàng)pruning“修剪”;D選項(xiàng)slashing“砍;鞭打”。句意:戴爾不再經(jīng)營(yíng)其他公司產(chǎn)品的升級(jí)版,而是開始設(shè)計(jì)、___和營(yíng)銷自己的產(chǎn)品。本句表達(dá)“戴爾公司開始設(shè)計(jì),裝配和營(yíng)銷自己的產(chǎn)品”。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.單選題

Aftersometimethesecondstageofthespaceshuttle,havingusedupitsfuel,justlikethebooster,separatesand______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.runsaway

B.chargesfor

C.fallsoff

D.mergesinto

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)runsaway“逃跑;失控”;B選項(xiàng)chargesfor“索價(jià)”;C選項(xiàng)fallsoff“跌落;下降;離開”;D選項(xiàng)mergesinto“并入;結(jié)合”。句意:過(guò)了一段時(shí)間,航天飛機(jī)的第二級(jí)燃料耗盡,像助推器一樣分離并______。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,這里指燃料分離和脫落,C選項(xiàng)fallsoff“跌落;離開”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Treesshouldonlybeprunedwhenthereisagoodandclearreasonfordoingsoand,fortunately,thenumberofsuchreasonsissmall.Pruninginvolvesthecuttingawayofovergrownandunwantedbranches,andtheinexperiencedgardenercanbeencouragedbythethoughtthatmoredamageresultsfromdoingitunnecessarilythanfromleavingthetreetogrowinitsownway.

First,pruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshaveadesiredshapeorsize.Theobjectmaybetogetatreeoftherightheight,andatthesametimetohelpthegrowthofsmallsidebrancheswhichwillthickenitsappearanceorgiveitaspecialshape.Secondly,pruningmaybedonetomakethetreehealthier.Youmaycutoutdiseasedordeadwood,orbranchesthatarerubbingagainsteachotherandthuscausingwounds.Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingthebranchesthatarelockingupthecenterandsopreventingthefreemovementofair.

Oneresultofpruningisthatanopenwouldisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordiseases,butitisawoundthatwillheal.Oftenthereisaracebetweenthehealingandthediseaseastowhetherthetreewillliveordie,orthatthereisaperiodwhenthetreeisatrisk.Itshouldbetheaimofeverygardenertoreducetheriskasfaraspossible.Itisessentialtomaketheareawhichhasbeenprunedsmoothandclean,forhealingwillbesloweddownbyroughness.Youshouldallowthecutsurfacetodryforafewhoursandthenpaintitwithoneofthesubstancesavailablefromgardenshopsproducedespeciallyforthispurpose.Pruningisusuallydoneinwinter,forthenyoucanseetheshapeofthetreeclearlywithouttheinterferencefromtheleavesanditis,too,veryunlikelythatthecutsyoumakewillbleed.Ifthisdoeshappen,itis,ofcourse,impossibletopaintthemproperly.

1.Pruningisprobablyusuallydoneto().

2.Treesbecomeunhealthyifthegardener().

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.makethesmallbranchesthicker.

B.getridofthesmallbranches.

C.improvetheshapeofthetree.

D.makethetreegrowtaller.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.damagessomeofthesmallsidebranches.

B.forcesthemtogrowtooquickly.

C.doesnotprotectthemfromthewind.

D.allowstoomanybranchestogrowinthemiddle.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Tohelpawoundtodry.

B.Tocoveraroughsurface.

C.Topreventdiseaseenteringawound.

D.Tomakeawoundsmooth.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.regularlyeverywinter.

B.occasionallywhennecessary.

C.asquicklyaspossible.

D.atintervalsthroughouttheyear.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Todiscussdifferentmethodsofpruning.

B.Toexplainhowtreesdevelopdisease.

C.Togiveageneraldescriptionofpruning.

D.Togivepracticalinstructionforpruningatree.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段第一句指出:First,pruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshaveadesiredshapeorsize(首先,修剪可以確保樹有一個(gè)理想的形狀或大小)。由此可知,修剪通常是為了“改善樹的形狀”,故選C。

2.判斷推理題。第二段最后一句指出:Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingthebranchesthatarelockingupthecenterandsopreventingthefreemovementofair(修剪掉擋在中間而阻止了空氣自由流通的樹枝,可以讓樹更健康)。由此可知,如果園丁讓太多的樹枝在中間生長(zhǎng),樹就會(huì)不健康。D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.判斷推理題。最后一段第一句指出:Oneresultofpruningisthatanopenwouldisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordiseases,butitisawoundthatwillheal(修剪的一個(gè)后果是樹上留下一個(gè)缺口,這為疾病提供了一個(gè)容易的入口,但這是一個(gè)可以愈合的傷口)。因此樹被涂上一種特殊材料終究是為了“防止疾病通過(guò)修剪口侵入”。B項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)都是干擾項(xiàng),雖然后面提到:Itisessentialtomaketheareawhichhasbeenprunedsmoothandclean,forhealingwillbesloweddownbyroughness(修剪過(guò)的區(qū)域必須光滑干凈,因?yàn)榇植跁?huì)減緩愈合速度)。但它們并不是最終原因。因此本題選C。

4.判斷推理題。第一段指出:Treesshouldonlybeprunedwhenthereisagoodandclearreasonfordoingsoand…(只有在有充分和明確的理由時(shí)才應(yīng)該修剪樹木)。由此推斷,B項(xiàng)“必要時(shí)偶爾修剪”正確。

5.主旨大意題。本文開頭講了修剪的原因,方法,后面講了修剪的后果極其處理方法,因此C項(xiàng)“概述修剪”比較能概括本文主旨。

18.單選題

10.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Themanisworkingtoohard.

B.Themanneedstothinkitover.

C.Themanissupposedtofindajob.

D.Themanhasmadearightdecision.

【答案】B

【解析】M:Takingalongview,I’mleavingthecompany.

W:Why?

M:Ioftenhavetooverworkwhichwilldoharmtomyhealth.

W:Butthejobmarketisverytight,youknow.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】推斷題。男士打算離職,女士說(shuō):Butthejobmarketisverytight(但是就業(yè)市場(chǎng)緊張),由此推斷她是勸男士考慮清楚再做決定。

19.單選題

Heavymetalscanimpaircognitivedevelopmentinchildren,whoareespeciallyatriskbecauseoftheirsizeand(

)toabsorbmoreofthesesubstancesthanadultsdo.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.character

B.resistance

C.temper

D.tendency

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.character性格;品質(zhì)B.resistance抵擋力;阻力

C.temper脾氣D.tendency傾向;趨勢(shì)

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】重金屬會(huì)對(duì)兒童的認(rèn)知發(fā)展產(chǎn)生傷害,兒童的體型和……比起成年人能吸收更多的重金屬物質(zhì),所以他們特別危險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)句意可知兒童的體型和抵抗力都比較弱,所以才會(huì)比成年人更容易吸收重金屬物質(zhì),所以B選項(xiàng)“抵擋力,阻力”符合題意

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】重金屬會(huì)對(duì)兒童的認(rèn)知發(fā)展產(chǎn)生傷害,兒童的體型和抵抗力比起成年人能吸收更多的重金屬物質(zhì),所以他們特別危險(xiǎn)。

20.翻譯題

Oneofthedilemmasofthisdecadehasbeenwhethertoapproachmodemeducationintermsofthegeneralistorthespecialist.Someuniversitiesrequireallstudentstotakeacommoncoreofcoursesfromabroadrangeofdisciplines,appealingtothegeneralistapproachtoeducation.Yet,choosingthecorecoursesinlightoftoday’sexplosionininformationanddiversemulticulturalstudentpopulationshasnotbeenaneasytask.Howdoesoneselectwhatitisthateveryoneshouldknow?Otheruniversitiescontinuetotailortheircoursestothemoreimmediateprofessionalneedsoftheirstudents,appealingtothespecialistapproachtoeducation.Butwithoutacorecurriculum,studentsoftenlackthesharedknowledgenecessarytoparticipateeffectivelyinanintegratedsociety.

【答案】這十年我們所面臨的矛盾之一,究竟應(yīng)該從通才還是專才的角度來(lái)看待現(xiàn)代教育。有些大學(xué)要求所有的學(xué)生都要選修一門涵蓋廣泛學(xué)科的共同核心課程,這對(duì)通才教育很有吸引力。但是,考慮到今天的信息爆炸和學(xué)生來(lái)自不同的文化背景,選擇共同課程不是一件容易的事。如何確定哪些是每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該知道的東西?另一些大學(xué)強(qiáng)調(diào)專才教育,根據(jù)學(xué)生更直接的專業(yè)需要來(lái)調(diào)整他們的課程。但是沒(méi)有一個(gè)共同課程,學(xué)生常常缺乏有效參與一個(gè)綜合的社會(huì)所需要的共同知識(shí)。

【解析】這十年我們所面臨的矛盾之一,究竟應(yīng)該從通才還是專才的角度來(lái)看待現(xiàn)代教育。有些大學(xué)要求所有的學(xué)生都要選修一門涵蓋廣泛學(xué)科的共同核心課程,這對(duì)通才教育很有吸引力。但是,考慮到今天的信息爆炸和學(xué)生來(lái)自不同的文化背景,選擇共同課程不是一件容易的事。如何確定哪些是每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該知道的東西?另一些大學(xué)強(qiáng)調(diào)專才教育,根據(jù)學(xué)生更直接的專業(yè)需要來(lái)調(diào)整他們的課程。但是沒(méi)有一個(gè)共同課程,學(xué)生常常缺乏有效參與一個(gè)綜合的社會(huì)所需要的共同知識(shí)。

21.單選題

Ishouldbeabletofinishthetaskontime,()youprovidemewiththenecessaryguidance.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.incase

B.providedthat

C.orelse

D.asif

【答案】B

【解析】考查條件句。前半部分說(shuō)“我應(yīng)該能按時(shí)完成任務(wù)”,后半部分是條件“只要你提供給我必要的指導(dǎo)”。A選項(xiàng)incase“萬(wàn)一”;B選項(xiàng)providedthat“只要”;C選項(xiàng)orelse“否則,要不然”;D選項(xiàng)asif“好像”,結(jié)合句意,只有B項(xiàng)符合。

22.翻譯題

Severalyearsago,aformerSaudioilministerissuedwhathassincebecomeanoft-quotedprophecy:“TheStoneAgedidnotendforlackofstone,andtheOilAgewillendlongbeforetheworldrunsoutofoil”.Itwasalament,andacknowledgementthatadayofreckoningwascomingthatwouldchangetheglobalbalanceofwealthandpower.AflukeofgeologyhadmadethevastemptinessoftheSaudidesertthenumberonesourceofthemostimportantcommodityonearth.Butthegoodtimeswouldnot,andcouldnot,lastforever,andheknewit.

Ifyougobackfarenough,youcantracetheprosperityandsecurityofnations,corporations,andevenindividualstoenergy.Andinourpetroleum-dependentworld,that,forthemostpart,meansOilGovernmentriseandfallonit,armiesrunonit,companiesrelyonit,andconsumersdependonitfromthetimetheywaketotheirclockradiostothemomenttheyturnofftheirTVsandfallasleep.Forthepastcentury,despiterisingpricesandoccasional“crises”—moreoftenthannotmanufacturedeventsresultingfrompoliticaloreconomicforces—therehasalwaysbeenenoughoilavailabletokeeptheenginesofglobalgrowthhumming.Butthatisaluxuryofthepast.Inthefuture,anewanduncertainenergyageisemerging.

【答案】幾年前,一位前沙特石油部長(zhǎng)發(fā)表了這一預(yù)言,后來(lái)成為人們經(jīng)常引用的預(yù)言:“石器時(shí)代并沒(méi)有因?yàn)槿鄙偈^而結(jié)束,石油時(shí)代將在世界石油枯竭之前結(jié)束。”他哀痛地承認(rèn),清算的日子即將到來(lái),全球財(cái)富與權(quán)力的平衡將會(huì)被改變。地理上的意外收獲使廣袤空曠的沙特沙漠成為地球上最重要商品的最重要的來(lái)源。但是,美好的時(shí)光不可能永遠(yuǎn)持續(xù)下去,他很清楚這一點(diǎn)。

如果你追溯到足夠久遠(yuǎn)的時(shí)代,你可以將國(guó)家的安全和繁榮、企業(yè)甚至個(gè)人都能與能源聯(lián)系起來(lái)。在我們這個(gè)依賴石油的世界上,在很大程度上,這意味著石油政府依賴于石油而起起落落,軍隊(duì)依賴于它而運(yùn)行,公司依賴它,消費(fèi)者也依賴它,當(dāng)他們從收音機(jī)的鬧鐘中醒來(lái)的時(shí)候,直到他們關(guān)掉電視睡著的那一刻。在過(guò)去的一個(gè)世紀(jì)里,盡管價(jià)格不斷上漲,偶爾也會(huì)發(fā)生危機(jī),但往往是政治或經(jīng)濟(jì)力量造成的事件,使得總有足夠的石油供應(yīng)提供動(dòng)力,來(lái)維持全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)。但這是過(guò)去的奢侈。未來(lái),一個(gè)新的、不確定的能源時(shí)代正在形成。

23.單選題

Leonardojustdiscoveredthathispassporthad(

)threemonthsago.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.constrained

B.abolished

C.amended

D.expired

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。constrain意為“強(qiáng)迫”;abolish意為“廢除,廢止”;amend意為“改良,修改”;expire意為“(因到期而)失效,到期”。

句意:Leonardo剛剛發(fā)現(xiàn)他的護(hù)照已經(jīng)過(guò)期三個(gè)月了。

24.單選題

Iregrethavinglefttheworkunfinished;I()everythingaheadcarefully.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shouldplan

B.planned

C.mustplan

D.shouldhaveplanned

【答案】D

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。由前一句Iregrethavinglefttheworkunfinished“我很遺憾沒(méi)完成工作”可以知道實(shí)際上在過(guò)去對(duì)工作沒(méi)有提前計(jì)劃,因此后半句I…everythingaheadcarefully應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的情況,應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)shouldhavedone表示過(guò)去本應(yīng)該做而沒(méi)有做,故可排除A,B,C選項(xiàng)。句意:我很遺憾工作沒(méi)完成,我本應(yīng)該提前仔細(xì)規(guī)劃好一切。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

25.單選題

MayaLinwasanundergraduatestudentatYalewhenshewas______tocreatetheVietnamVeteransMemorialin1981becauseshewonthepublicdesigncompetitionforthememorial.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.commissioned

B.conditioned

C.streamlined

D.aggregated

【答案】A

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。A選項(xiàng)commissioned“正式委托(譜寫或制作、創(chuàng)作、完成)”;B選項(xiàng)conditioned“訓(xùn)練,使習(xí)慣于,使適應(yīng)”;C選項(xiàng)streamlined“使增產(chǎn)節(jié)約”;D選項(xiàng)aggregated“總計(jì),合計(jì)”。句意:1981年,瑪雅林在耶魯大學(xué)讀本科時(shí)被______設(shè)計(jì)越南退伍軍人紀(jì)念館,因?yàn)樗A得了紀(jì)念館的公共設(shè)計(jì)競(jìng)賽?,斞帕众A了設(shè)計(jì)比賽,可知這里指的是和設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)事宜,A選項(xiàng)commissioned“正式委托(譜寫或制作、創(chuàng)作、完成)”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

26.單選題

Aboutacenturyage,theSwedishphysicalscientistArrheniusproposedalawofclassicalchemistrythatrelateschemicalreactionratetotemperature.AccordingtotheArrheniusequation,chemicalreactionsareincreasinglyunlikelytooccurastemperaturesapproachabsolutezero,andatabsolutezero(zerodegreesKelvin,orminus273degreesCelsius)reactionsstop.HoweverrecentexperimentalevidencerevealsthatalthoughtheArrheniusequationisgenerallyaccurateindescribingthekindofchemicalreactionthatoccursatrelativelyhightemperatures,attemperaturesclosertozeroaquantum-mechanicaleffectknownastunnelingcomesintoplay;thiseffectaccountsforchemicalreactionsthatareforbiddenbytheprinciplesofclassicalchemistry.Specifically,entiremoleculescan*tunnel'throughthebarriersofrepulsiveforcesfromothermoleculesandchemicallyreacteventhoughthesemoleculesdonothavesufficientenergy,accordingtoclassicalchemistry,toovercometherepulsivebarrier.

Therateofanychemicalreaction,regardlessofthetemperatureatwhichittakesplace,usuallydependsonavery

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