考研考博-英語-包頭鋼鐵職業(yè)技術學院考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-包頭鋼鐵職業(yè)技術學院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.翻譯題

雖然美國總統奧巴馬公開號召美國民眾購買股票，但是由于投資者信心渙散，市場上難尋買家。3月5日，紐約股市三大股指跌幅全部超過4%，其中道瓊斯指數自2日跌破7000點后又跌破6600點，創(chuàng)出自1997年4月以來的新低。導致當天紐約股市受重挫的直接原因是美國最大的汽車制造商通用汽車公司可能破產的消息。通用汽車公司在向美國證券交易委員會提交的報告中說，審計機構認為按照目前的狀況公司很難繼續(xù)生存下去。通用汽車公司表示，如果重組計劃無法通過政府審核，公司將申請破產保護。由于通用汽車公司破產可能引發(fā)的連鎖反應將嚴重打擊美國經濟，本以為奧巴馬政府有望解決汽車業(yè)巨頭困境的投資者紛紛拋售通用汽車公司的股票，導致該公司股票暴跌。

【答案】

AlthoughtheUnitedStatesPresidentBarackObamapubliclycalledonAmericanstobuyshares,it’shardtofindbuyersinstockmarketbecauseoftheshakyconfidenceofinvestors.OnMarch5,thethreemajorstockindexesinNewYorkstockmarketallfellover4%,amongwhichtheDowJonesIndexagainfellbelow6600pointsafterfallingbelow7000pointsonMarch2,hittinganewlowsinceApril1997.ThedirectreasonwhichcausedsuchgreatsetbackoftheNewYorkstockmarketonthatdayisthenewswhichsaidthatGeneralMotorsCorporation(GM),theAmerica’sbiggestcarmaker,couldgobankrupt.InareportsubmittedtotheU.S.SecuritiesandExchangeCommissionGMsaidthattheauditinstitutionthinkitisverydifficulttosurviveaccordingtoitscurrentsituation.GMsaidthatiftherestructuringplanwasnotapprovedbygovernment,thecompanywillfileforbankruptcyprotection.AchainreactionprobablyresultingfromGM'sbankruptcywillhitgravelytheeconomyofU.S.，theinvestorswhooriginallythoughtthattheObamaadministrationwouldhopefullyrescuetheautogiantfromdifficultpositiononeafteranothersoldthesharesofGM,givingrisetoslumpofitsshares.

2.單選題

Thepolice（

）himabouthismovementsatthelineofthecrime.

問題1選項

A.chuckled

B.blurted

C.grilled

D.pried

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。chuckle意為“輕聲地笑”；blurt意為“突然說出，脫口而出”；grill意為“盤問，審問”；pry意為“打聽，刺探”。

句意：警察在審問了他關于他在犯罪現場的行動。

3.單選題

Theeditor-in-chiefbegs（

）tomorrow’smeeting.

問題1選項

A.tobeexcusedtoattend

B.tobeexcusedtoattending

C.toexcusetoattend

D.toexcusefromattending

【答案】A

【解析】為了參加明天的會議，主編請求準予離開。固定搭配題。excusesb.fromsth.為固定用法，表示“同意某人不做；免除某人”，根據句意‘是同意…’，所以排除因此排除C項和D項。“toattendtomorrow’smeeting”為不定式短語作目的狀語，因此答案選A。

4.寫作題

Directions:Givealistofatleast5examplesofhowChinesecultureshinesaIdazzlingOlympicsopeningceremony,e.g.thepercussionrhythmsof2,008fouls,aprimitiveinstrumenlmadeofclayorbronze.RememberIowriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】略

5.單選題

Ifnooneasksanyquestion,I______everybodyunderstands.

問題1選項

A.deduce

B.presume

C.pretend

D.presuppose

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項deduce“推論，推斷”；B選項presume“假設，認為”；C選項pretend“假裝，偽裝”；D選項presuppose“假設，以……為前提”。根據Ifnooneasksanyquestion可知B選項符合邏輯搭配。句意：如果沒有人問任何問題，那么我認為大家都能理解。

6.單選題

Personalcomputersarenolongersomethingbeyondtheordinarypeople;theyare（）availablethesedays.

問題1選項

A.promptly

B.instantly

C.readily

D.quickly

【答案】C

【解析】句意:私人電腦對普通人來說不再遙不可及，現在電腦很容易買到。

考查副詞辨析。promptly敏捷地，迅速地；instantly立即地;readily容易地輕而易舉地；quickly迅速地。故C項符合句意。

7.單選題

Thistypeofchair,easily____orfoldedaway,isidealforuseinthegarden.

問題1選項

A.putout

B.putin

C.putup

D.putforth

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.putout熄滅B.putin投入（時間或精力）

C.putup使物體直立起來D.putforth提出

【答案】C

【考查點】詞組辨析與語義銜接

【解題思路】空格處所填短語的主語為“這種類型的椅子”，并且該短語與后文“折疊起來”并列，因此，C選項putup“使物體直立起來”與原句語義銜接最緊密，指的是把折疊椅打開擺放。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D選項與原句語義銜接不當。

【句意】這種椅子易于擺放或折疊，非常適合在花園里使用。

8.單選題

Hestood（）amongathousanddimlyimaginedpossibilities.

問題1選項

A.faltering

B.wavering

C.pausing

D.hesitating

【答案】B

【解析】詞義辨析題。faltering蹣跚,

猶豫的,

支吾的；wavering搖擺的,猶豫不決；pause暫停,

躊躇；hesitating

猶豫的。句意：他在一千種模模糊糊想象出來的可能性中猶豫不決。選項B符合句意。

9.單選題

Thetwodelegateshadanin-depthexchangeofviewsonhowtoenhancetheir（）cooperation.

問題1選項

A.ethical

B.bilateral

C.mandatory

D.subsidiary

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。ethical“倫理的，道德的”；bilateral“雙邊的”；mandatory“強制的”；subsidiary“附屬的”，由delegate“代表團”與cooperation“合作”一詞可知此處應該選擇形容詞bilateral，表示兩國之間的合作。句意：這兩個代表團就如何加強……合作進行了深入的交流。故正確答案為選項B。

10.單選題

Giventheotherconstitutionalgroundselaboratedbythejustices,theassociation（）thatschoolsshouldcontinuetotest,iftheysochoose.

問題1選項

A.preserves

B.safeguards

C.maintains

D.conserves

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項preserve“保護、保存”；B選項safeguard“保護、保衛(wèi)”；C選項maintain“維護、維持”；D選項conserve“保存、保護”，句意為：考慮到法官們闡述的其他憲法依據，協會堅持認為，如果學校選擇繼續(xù)進行考試的話，他們應該繼續(xù)進行考試。因此選項C符合題意。

11.單選題

Idisagreewiththeabhorrentwayyouuseotherpeople.

問題1選項

A.loathsome

B.wholesome

C.disgusted

D.ghastly

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項loathsome“令人厭惡的，討厭的”，B項wholesome“健全的，有益健康的”，C項disgusted“憎惡的，反感的”，D項ghastly“可怕的，慘白的”。句意：我不同意你可惡地利用別人。根據句意可知，abhorrent在句中表示“可惡的”。因此，該題選擇A項。

12.單選題

WhatyouoverheardthatdaydidhavesomethingtodowithMartin（

）.

問題1選項

A.inaway

B.intheway

C.ontheway

D.outoftheway

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。inaway意為“在某種程度上”；intheway意為“妨礙”；ontheway意為“在途中，接近”；outoftheway意為“偏遠”。句意：你那天無意中聽到的事確實與馬丁在某種程度上有關。

13.單選題

It（

）toseesomanychildreninthatmountainousareacannotevenaffordelementaryeducation.

問題1選項

A.painsher

B.makesherpain

C.ispaining

D.ispained

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。itpainssb.tosee意為“看到……使某人心痛”。句意：看到很多山區(qū)的孩子無法接受基礎教育使她心痛。

14.單選題

Imagineaworldinwhichtherewassuddenlynoemotion--aworldinwhichhumanbeingscouldfeelnoloveorhappiness,noterrororhate.Trytoimaginetheconsequencesofsuchatransformation.Peoplemightnotbeabletostayalive:knowingneitherjoynorpleasure,anxietynorfear,theywouldbeaslikelytorepeatactsthathurtthemasactsthatwerebeneficial.Theycouldnotlearn:theycouldnotbenefitfromexperiencebecausethisemotionlessworldwouldlackrewardsandpunishments.Societywouldsoondisappear:peoplewouldbeaslikelytoharmoneanotherastoprovidehelpandsupport.Humanrelationshipswouldnotexist:inaworldwithoutfriendsorenemies,therecouldbenomarriage,affectionamongcompanions,orbonds(關系)amongmembersofgroups.Society'seconomicunderpinnings(支柱)wouldbedestroyed:sinceearning$10millionwouldbenomorepleasantthanearning$10,therewouldbenoincentivetowork.Infact,therewouldbenoincentives(刺激,動力)ofanykind,foraswewillsee,incentivesimplyacapacitytoenjoythem.

Insuchaworld,thechancesthatthehumanspecieswouldsurvivearenexttozero,becauseemotionsarethebasicinstrumentofoursurvivalandadaptation.Emotionsstructuretheworldforusinimportantways.Asindividuals,wecategorizeobjectsonthebasisofouremotions.True,weconsiderthelength,shape,size,ortexture,butanobject'sphysicalaspectsarelessimportantthanwhatithasdoneorcandotous--hurtus,surpriseus,angerusormakeusjoyful.Wealsousecategorizationscoloredbyemotionsinourfamilies,communities,andoverallsociety.Outofouremotionalexperienceswithobjectsandeventscomesasocialfeelingofagreementthatcertainthingsandactionsare"good"andothersare"bad”,andweapplythesecategoriestoeveryaspectofoursociallife--fromwhatfoodsweeatandwhatclothesweweartohowwekeeppromisesandwhichpeopleourgroupwillaccept.Infact,societyusesouremotionalreactionsandattitudes,suchasloyaltymorality,prideshame,guilt,fearandgreed,inordertomaintainitself.Itgiveshighrewardstoindividualswhoperformimportanttaskssuchassurgery,makesheroesoutofindividualsforunusualordangerousachievementssuchasflyingfighterplanesinawar,andusesthelegalpenal(刑法的)systemtomakepeopleafraidtoengageinantisocialacts.

1.Thereasonwhypeoplemightnotbeabletostayaliveinaworldwithoutemotionisthat（）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,people’slearningactivityarepossiblebecausethey（）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheeconomicfoundationofsocietyisdependenton（）.

4.Emotionsaresignificantforman'ssurvivalandadaptationbecause（）.

5.Theemotionalaspectsofanobjectaremoreimportantthanitsphysicalaspectsinthatthey（）.

問題1選項

A.theywouldnotbeabletotellthetextureofobjects

B.theywouldnotknowwhatwasbeneficialandwhatwasharmfultothem

C.theywouldnotbehappywithalifewithoutlove

D.theywoulddothingsthathurteachother’sfeelings

問題2選項

A.enjoybeingrewardedfordoingtherightthing

B.knowwhatisvitaltotheprogressofsociety

C.believethatemotionsarefundamentalforthemtostayalive

D.benefitfromprovidinghelpandsupporttooneanother

問題3選項

A.theabilitytomakemoney

B.thecapacitytowork

C.thestimulustowork

D.thecategorizationsofouremotionalexperiences

問題4選項

A.theyprovidethemeansbywhichpeopleviewthesizeorshapeofobjects.

B.theyarethebasisforthesocialfeelingofagreementbywhichsocietyismaintained.

C.theyencouragepeopletoperformdangerousachievements.

D.theyproducemorelovethanhateamongpeople.

問題5選項

A.helpsocietyexploititsmembersforprofit

B.encourageustoperformimportanttasks

C.helptoperfectthelegalandpenalsystem

D.helpustoadaptourbehaviortotheworldsurroundingus

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:1.細節(jié)事實題。由第一段“Peoplemightnotbeabletostayalive:knowingneitherjoynorpleasure,anxietynorfear,theywouldbeaslikelytorepeatactsthathurtthemasactsthatwerebeneficial.人們可能無法活下去:既不知道快樂也不知道恐懼，他們可能會重復對自己有益的行為，也會重復對自己有害的行為。”言下之意就是人們不知道什么事情對自己有益處，什么事情有害，所以選項B正確。

2.推理判斷題。由第一段“Theycouldnotlearn:theycouldnotbenefitfromexperiencebecausethisemotionlessworldwouldlackrewardsandpunishments.他們無法學習:他們無法從經驗中獲益，因為這個沒有感情的世界將缺乏獎賞和懲罰?？芍藗儚莫勝p和懲罰中學習。故A項正確。

3.推理判斷題。由第一段“Society'seconomicunderpinnings(支柱)wouldbedestroyed:sinceearning$10millionwouldbenomorepleasantthanearning$10,therewouldbenoincentivetowork.Infact,therewouldbenoincentives(刺激,動力)ofanykind,foraswewillsee,incentivesimplyacapacitytoenjoythem.社會的經濟支柱將會被毀滅，因為掙1000萬美元并不會比掙10美元帶來更多快樂，沒有了工作的動力。事實上，任何事情的動力都沒有了，因為我們知道動力反映了享受它們的能力?！笨芍洕闹е枪ぷ鞯膭恿?，故C項正確。

4.推理判斷題。由第二段“Outofouremotionalexperienceswithobjectsandeventscomesasocialfeelingofagreementthatcertainthingsandactionsare"good"andothersare"bad”,Infact,societyusesouremotionalreactionsandattitudes,suchasloyaltymorality,prideshame,guilt,fearandgreed,inordertomaintainitself.我們對事物和事件的情感體驗會產生一種社會認同感，認為某些事物和行為是"好的"而另一些是"壞的"。事實上，社會利用我們的情感反應和態(tài)度，如忠誠、道德、驕傲、羞恥、內疚、恐懼和貪婪，來維持自身?！笨芍狟項“它們是維持社會認同感的基礎。”正確。

5.推理判斷題。由第二段Asindividuals,wecategorizeobjectsonthebasisofouremotions.True,weconsiderthelength,shape,size,ortexture,butanobject'sphysicalaspectsarelessimportantthanwhatithasdoneorcandotous--hurtus,surpriseus,angerusormakeusjoyful.為個體，我們會根據我們的情緒對物體進行分類。誠然，我們會考慮物體的長度、形狀、大小或質地，但它對我們做了什么或能做什么更重要——傷害我們、讓我們驚訝、憤怒或高興?！笨芍矬w的情感方面能夠引導我們去調整自己的行為以便更好地適應周圍的環(huán)境。故D項正確。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

15.單選題

At18,AshanthiDeSilvaofsuburbanClevelandisalivingsymbolofoneofthegreatintellectualachievementsofthe20thcentury.Bornwithanextremelyrareandusuallyfataldisorderthatleftherwithoutafunctioningimmunesystem(the“bubble-boydisease”,namedafteranearliervictimwhowaskeptaliveforrearsinasterileplastictent)，shewastreatedbeginningin1990witharevolutionarynewtherapythatsoughttocorrectthedefectatitsverysource,inthegenesofherwhitebloodcells.Itworked.Althoughherlastgene-therapytreatmentwasin1992,sheiscompletelyhealthywithnormalimmunefunction,accordingtooneofthedoctorswhotreatedher,W.FrenchAndersonoftheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Researchershavelongdreamedoftreatingdiseasesfromhemophiliatocancerbyreplacingmutantgeneswithnormalones.Andthedreamingmaycontinuefordecadesmore.“Therewillbeagene-basedtreatmentforessentiallyeverydisease,”Andersonsays,“within50years.”

It’snotentirelyclearwhymedicinehasbeensoslowtobuildonAnderson’searlysuccess.TheNationalInstitutesofHealthbudgetofficeestimatesitwillspend$432millionongene-therapyresearchin2005,andthereisnoshortageofpromisingleads.Thetherapeuticgenesareusuallydeliveredthroughvirusesthatdon’tcausehumandisease.“ThevirusissortoflikeaTrojanhouse.”saysRonaldCrystalofNewYorkPresbyterian/WeillCornellMedicalCollege.“Thecarnageisthegene.”

AttheUniversityofPennsylvania’sAbramsonCancerCenterCarlJunerecentlytreatedHIVpatientswithageneintendedtohelptheircellsresisttheinfection.AtCornellUniversity,researchersarepursuinggene-basedtherapiesforParkinson’sdiseaseandararehereditarydisorderthatdestroyschildren’sbraincells.AtStanfordUniversityandtheChildren’sHospitalofPhiladelphia,researchersaretryingtofigureouthowtohelppatientswithhemophiliawhotodaymustinjectthemselveswithexpensivedottingdragsforlife.Animalexperimentshaveshowngreatpromise.

Butsomehow,thingsgetlostinthetranslationfromlaboratorytohumantrialsofthehemophiliatreatment,patientsshowaresponseatfirst,butitfadesovertime.Andthefieldhasstillnotrecoveredfromthesetbackitsufferedin1999,whenJesseGelsinger,an18-year-oldwithararemetabolicdisorder,diedafterreceivinganexperimentalgenetherapyattheUniversityofPennsylvania.Someexpertsworrythatthefieldwillbetarnishedfurtherifthenextpeopletobenefitarenotpatientsbutathletesseekinganedge.ThissummerresearchersattheSalkInstituteinSanDiegosaidtheyhadcreateda“marathonmouse”byimplantingagenethatenhancesrunningability;already,officialsattheWorldAnti-DopingAgencyarepreparingtotestathletesforsignsof“genedoping”.Buttheprincipleisthesame,whetheryou’retryingtohelpahealthyrunnerrunfasterorallowamuscular-dystrophypatienttowalk.“Everybodyrecognizesthatgenetherapyisaverygoodidea/’saysCrystal,“Andeventuallyit’sgoingtowork”.

1.ThecaseofAshanthiDesilvaismentionedinthetextto（

）.

2.Anderson’searlysuccesshas（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?

4.Theword“tarnish”(line5,paragraph4)mostprobablymeans（

）.

5.Fromthetextwecanseethattheauthorseems（

）.

問題1選項

A.showthepromiseofgene-therapy

B.giveanexampleofmodemtreatment,forfataldiseases

C.introducetheachievementofAndersonandhisteam

D.explainhowgene-basetreatmentworks

問題2選項

A.greatlyspeededthedevelopmentofmedicine

B.broughtnoimmediateprogressintheresearchofgene-therapy

C.promisedacuretoeverydisease

D.madehimanationalhero

問題3選項

A.Ashanthineedstoreceivegene-therapytreatmentconstantly.

B.Despitethehugefunding,generesearcheshaveshownfewpromises.

C.Therapeuticgenesarecarriedbyharmlessviruses.

D.Gene-dopingisencouragedbyworldagenciestohelpathletesgetbetter.

問題4選項

A.affect

B.warm

C.troubled

D.stain

問題5選項

A.optimistic

B.pessimistic

C.troubled

D.uncertain

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。文章第一段開頭提到來自克利夫蘭郊區(qū)的18歲的AshanthiDeSilva是20世紀偉大智力成就之一的活生生的例子（At18,AshanthiDeSilvaofsuburbanClevelandisalivingsymbolofoneofthegreatintellectualachievementsofthe20thcentury），接著提到她1992年接受了最后一次基因療法，并且徹底痊愈，由此可知選項A“展示基因療法的前景”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。文章第一段倒數第二、三句話提到研究人員一直夢想用正?；蛱鎿Q突變基因來治療從血友病到癌癥等各種疾病。這個夢想可能還會持續(xù)幾十年（Researchershavelongdreamedoftreatingdiseasesfromhemophiliatocancerbyreplacingmutantgeneswithnormalones.Andthedreamingmaycontinuefordecadesmore），由此可知這個方法并不能在短期內有成效，因此選項B符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。文章第二段提到治療基因通常通過不會引起人類疾病的病毒傳遞（Thetherapeuticgenesareusuallydeliveredthroughvirusesthatdon’tcausehumandisease），由此可知選項C“治療基因由無害病毒攜帶”符合題意。

4.詞義題。文章最后一段提到一些專家擔心這個領域將會進一步被……如果下一個受益的人不是病人而是尋求優(yōu)勢的運動員（Someexpertsworrythatthefieldwillbetarnishedfurtherifthenextpeopletobenefitarenotpatientsbutathletesseekinganedge），根據上下文可知基因療法這個領域本意是為了治療各種疾病而出現，而如果用來幫助運動員而不是病人，這個方法就失去了原本的價值，因此可以推測出動詞tarnish的意思是“使失去光澤；玷污”，因此選項D符合題意。

5.觀點態(tài)度題。文章第一段開頭提到來自克利夫蘭郊區(qū)的18歲的AshanthiDeSilva是20世紀偉大智力成就之一的活生生的例子（At18,AshanthiDeSilvaofsuburbanClevelandisalivingsymbolofoneofthegreatintellectualachievementsofthe20thcentury）；文章最后一段提到每個人都認為基因療法是一個好主意（Everybodyrecognizesthatgenetherapyisaverygoodidea），由此可知作者是抱著樂觀的態(tài)度，選項A符合題意。

16.單選題

Itshouldbe

thatasindividualsgiftedstudentsareendowedwithcertainattributeswhichrepresenttheirpotentialsuccessinlife.

問題1選項

A.reminded

B.perceived

C.marked

D.noted

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。remind“提醒，使想起”；perceive“理解，認知”；mark“標志”；note“注意；記錄”。句意：要認識到一點：作為個體，有天賦的學生被賦予了某些特性，這些特性代表著他們生命中潛在的成功。選項B符合題意。

17.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingparagraphcarefullyandthentranslateitintoEnglish.

當我們談及智力，我們不是指在某種考試中取得高分的能力，也不是指學習好的能力。我們所談的智力指的是一種生活風格，一種生活，一種在各種情況下的行為方式。真正的智力測驗不是測試我們對怎樣做知道多少，而是測試當我們不知道做什么時會怎樣做。無論年老年少，有才智的人遇到新情況或問題時，都會豁達地面對。他努力用心和感覺去盡可能地掌握所有細節(jié)。他考慮該情況或問題，而不是考慮他自己或是這將給他帶來什么后果。他大膽地、富有想象力地、機智地，而且如果不是信心十足地，至少是充滿希望地去解決問題；假如他無法圓滿解決，對自己的錯誤他也并不害怕或是感到慚愧，而且盡量從中吸取教訓，這就是智力。

【答案】Whenwetalkaboutintelligence,wedonotmeantheabilitytogetagoodscoreonacertainkindoftest,oreventheabilitytodowellinschool.Byintelligencewemeanastyleoflife,alife,awayofbehavinginvarioussituations.Thetruetestofintelligenceisnottotesthowmuchweknowhowtodo,buthowwebehavewhenwedon'tknowwhattodo.Theintelligentperson,youngorold,meetingsituationorproblem,openshimselfuptoit.Hetriestotakeinwithmindandsenseseverythinghecanaboutit.Hethinksaboutit,insteadofabouthimselforwhatitmightcausetohappentohim.Hegrappleswithitboldly,imaginatively,resourcefully,andifnotconfidently,atleasthopefully;ifhefailstomasterit,helookswithoutfearorshameathismistakesandlearnswhathecanfromthem.Thisisintelligence.

18.單選題

Peopleunderstresshaveperformed（

）featsofstrengthlikeliftinganautomobileoffanaccidentvictim.

問題1選項

A.specific

B.extraordinary

C.abrupt

D.abnormal

【答案】B

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。extraordinary“不平常的；非凡的”;specific“特有的，特種的”；abrupt“突然的，意外的”；abnormal“不正常的，反常的”。句意：人們在有壓力的情況下表現出非凡的力量，比如把一輛汽車從交通事故的受害者身上搬開。選項B符合題意。

19.單選題

Archaeologicalliteratureisrichindescriptionsofpotmaking.Unlikemodernindustrialpotters,prehistoricartisanscreatedeachoftheirpiecesindividually,usingthesimplesttechnologybutdemonstratingremarkableskillinmakingandadorningtheirvessels.

Theclayusedinprehistoricpotmakingwasinvariablyselectedwiththeutmostcare:oftenitwastradedoverconsiderabledistances.Theconsistencyoftheclaywascrucial:itwaspoundedmeticulouslyandmixedwithwatertomakeitentirelyevenintexture.Bycarefulkneading,thepotterremovedtheairbubblesandmadetheclayasplasticaspossible,allowingittobemoldedintoshapeasthepotwasbuiltup,Whenapotisfired,itlosesitswaterandcancrack,sothepotteraddedatempertotheclay,asubstancethathelpedreduceshrinkageandcracking.

Sincesurfacefinishesprovidedapleasingappearanceandalsoimprovedthedurabilityinday-to-dayuse,thepottersmoothedtheexteriorsurfaceofthepotwithwethands.Oftenawetclaysolution,knownasaslip,wasappliedtothesmoothsurface.Brightlycoloredslipswereoftenusedandformedpainteddecorationsonthevessel.Inlatertimes.Glazescameintouseinsomeareas.Aglazeisaformofslipthatturnstoaglasslikefinishduringhigh-temperaturefiring.Whenaslipwasnotapplied,thevesselwasallowedtodryslowlyuntiltheexternalsurfacewasalmostlikeleatherintexture.Itwasthenrubbedwitharoundstoneorsimilarobjecttogiveitashiny,hardsurface.Somepotswereadornedwithincisedorstampeddecorations.

Mostearlypotterywasthenfiredoveropenhearths.Thevesselswerecoveredwithfast-burningwood;asitburned,theasheswouldallaroundthepotsandbakethemevenlyoverafewhours.Farhighertemperatureswereattainedinspecialovens,knownaskilns,whichwouldnotonlybaketheclayandremoveitsplasticity,butalsodissolvecarbonsandironcompounds.Kilnswerealsousedforglazing,whentwofiringswereneeded.Oncefired,thepotswereallowedtocoolslowly,andsmallcrackswererepairedbeforetheywerereadyforuse.

54.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

55.Theword“meticulously”inPara.2isclosestinmeaningto____.

56.Whichofthefollowingwasamethodusedbysomepotterstogivevesselsaglassyfinish?

57.Accordingtothepassage,theadvantageofkilnsoveropenfireswasthatthekilns____.

問題1選項

A.Whyarchaeologistsstudyprehistoricpotmaking.

B.Howearlypotterywasmadeanddecorated.

C.Thedevelopmentofkilnsusedbyearlypotters.

D.ThevarietyofdecorationsonPrehistoricpottery.

問題2選項

A.heavily

B.initially

C.carefully

D.completely

問題3選項

A.Smoothingthemwithwethands.

B.Mixingtheclaywithcoloredsolutions.

C.Bakingthemataveryhightemperature.

D.Rubbingthemwithasmoothhardobject.

問題4選項

A.requiredlesswoodforburning

B.reachedhighertemperatures

C.keptashesawayfromthepots

D.bakedvesselswithoutcrackingthem

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

【解析】54.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】主旨大意題。根據第一段第二句Unlikemodernindustrialpotters,prehistoricartisanscreatedeachoftheirpiecesindividually,usingthesimplesttechnologybutdemonstratingremarkableskillinmakingandadorningtheirvessels.（與現代工業(yè)陶藝家不同的是，史前工匠們用最簡單的技術制作了每一件陶器，但在制作和裝飾器皿方面表現出非凡的技巧），可知本文的主旨是B項“早期陶器的制作和裝飾”，后文都是在講早期陶器制作和裝飾的過程。

A項“考古學家為什么研究史前造壺”，文中并未提及；C項“早期陶藝家使用的窯爐的發(fā)展”，kilns只在文章最后提到，不是文章主題；D項“史前陶器上裝飾的種類”，也只是在文中有提及，并不是文章的主旨。

55.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】詞義推測題。定位到第二段Theconsistencyoftheclaywascrucial:itwaspoundedmeticulouslyandmixedwithwatertomakeitentirelyevenintexture.（粘土的稠度至關重要：它被仔細地搗碎，并與水混合，使其質地完全均勻）。meticulously“仔細地”。A項“大量地；沉重地”，B項“最初”，C項“仔細地；小心翼翼的”，D項“徹底地；完全地”，因此只有C項符合。

56.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干：以下哪種方法是一些陶工用來給器皿玻璃般的飾面？文中第三段倒數第二句Itwasthenrubbedwitharoundstoneorsimilarobjecttogiveitashiny,hardsurface.（用一塊圓石或者類似的東西打磨，可以得到一個光亮、堅硬的表面），因此正確選項為D“用光滑的硬物摩擦它們”。A項“用濕手撫平它們”，這并不能得到一個玻璃般的飾面，而且接下來還有很多步驟；B項“將粘土與有色溶液混合”，文中未體現；C項“在很高的溫度下烘烤”，這是glaze“釉料”的制作過程。

57.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。最后一段第三句Farhighertemperatureswereattainedinspecialovens,knownaskilns,which…（在被稱為窯爐的特殊烘箱中，溫度要高得多，這種烘箱……），

是說用這種特殊的烤爐里可以得到高得多的溫度，因此正確選項為B“達到更高的溫度”。A項“燃燒所需木材較少”，C項“把灰從罐子里拿開”，D項“烘烤容器并且容器沒有開裂”，均在文中未體現。

20.翻譯題

疲勞是人們向醫(yī)生、朋友和親人最常抱怨的問題之一。或許你認為在這個擁有各種節(jié)省體力的裝置和方便的交通設施的時代。很少有人會有理由感到如此疲勞。然而，今天與用手捆干草，用搓衣板洗衣服的昔日相比，抱怨疲勞的人也許更多了。據醫(yī)生們說，疲倦更可能是由于過少的活動所致，而不是過多的活動所引起的。情緒問題和煩惱，特別是憂郁和焦慮，顯然是長期疲勞最常見的原因。

【答案】Fatigueisoneofthemostcommonproblemscomplainedbypeopletodoctors,friendsandfolks.Perhapsyouthinkthatfewwouldhavereasonstofeeltiredintheeraoffullofallkindsofstrength-savingdeviceandconvenienttransportfacilities.However,maybemorepeoplecomplainaboutthefatiguenowadaysthantheolddayswhenbalinghaybyhandandwashingclotheswithawashboard.Asthedoctorsaid,fatigueismorelikelytoresultfromtoolittleactivity,andnottobecausedbytoomanyactivities.Emotionalproblemsandtrouble,especiallydepressionandanxiety,areclearlythemostcommoncauseofchronicfatigue.

21.單選題

“Whichcoatdidyourhusbandbuy?”“Theblackone,butI（）thegreenone.”

問題1選項

A.wouldratherhavebought

B.wouldratherbuy

C.wouldhaveratherbought

D.ratherhadbought

【答案】A

【解析】句意:“你的丈夫買了哪一件外套？”“黑色的那件外套，但我寧愿買綠色的那件。”

語法題?？疾樘摂M語氣。這里表示對過去已發(fā)生事情的假設,所以表示對過去的虛擬:wouldratherhave+done。故選A。

22.單選題

The（）oftheapartmenttohisofficewasanadvantageonrainydays.

問題1選項

A.vicinity

B.neighborhood

C.surroundings

D.confines

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A:vicinity“附近，鄰近；附近地區(qū)”；B:neighborhood“地區(qū)；某地區(qū)的人”；C:surroundings“（周圍的）環(huán)境［事物］；環(huán)境”；D:confines“境界；限度；范圍”。句意：這公寓離他的辦公室很近，在雨天時是一大優(yōu)勢。根據語境可知A為正確答案。

23.單選題

A（）,hewasprobablyoneofthemostrealisticwritersofhisday.

問題1選項

A.self-confessingromantic

B.self-confessedromance

C.self-confessingromance

D.self-confessedromantic

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞性辨析。self-confessing無此用法，排除A和C選項；self-confessed“自認為的”。根據后半句可知選項的重心是描述一個人，因此選擇romantic“浪漫的人”，而romance“傳奇，浪漫史，冒險故事”不符合句意。因此D選項符合題意。

24.單選題

Hefailedtocompletelyachievetheaim（）bytheteacheratthebeginningoftheterm.

問題1選項

A.setforth

B.broughtforth

C.comeup

D.putforward

【答案】A

【解析】setforththeaim表示“提出（設立）目標”。bringforth和putforward也是“提出”，但不能與aim搭配使用，我們可以說：bringforthevidence，putforwardatheory(idea，plan，suggestion)。comeup意為“出現”“被提出”，作非及物動詞用。本句意為：“他沒有完全達到教師在學期初提出的目標。”

25.單選題

It’snoteasytofindasolutiontothecountry’slabor（

）.

問題1選項

A.decline

B.vacancy

C.rarity

D.shortage

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項decline“下降，衰退”；B選項vacancy“空缺”；C選項rarity“罕見，珍貴”；D選項shortage“短缺”。句意：要找到解決國家勞動力短缺的辦法并不容易。選項D符合句意。

26.案例題

Howgoodareyouatsaying"no"?Formany,it'ssurprisinglydifficult.Thisisespeciallytrueofeditors,whobynaturetendtobeeagerandengagedparticipantsineverythingtheydo.Considerthesescenarios:

It'slateintheday.Thatfrontpackageyou'vebeenworkingonisnearlycomplete;onelasteditandit'sfinished.Entertheexecutiveeditor,whomakesasuggestionrequiringamore-than-modestrearrangementofthedesignandtheadditionofaninformationbox.Youwanttoscream:"No!It'sdone!"Whatdoyoudo?

Thefirstruleofsayingnotothebossisdon'tsayno.Sheprobablyhassomethinginmindwhenshemakessuggestions,andit'suptoyoutofindoutwhat.Thesecondruleisdon'traisethestakesbychallengingherauthority.Thatissueisalreadydecided.Thethirdruleistobereadytociteoptionsandconsequences.Theboss'ssuggestionsmightbeappropriate,buttherearealwaysconsequences.Shemightnotknowaboutthepagesbackingupthatneedattention,oraboutthedesignerwhohadtogohomesick.Tellhershecanhavewhatshewants,butexplaintheconsequences.Understandwhatshe'stryingtoaccomplishandproposeaPlanBthatwillmakeithappenwithoutdestroyingwhatyou'vedonesofar.

Here'sanothercase.Yourleast-favoritereportersuggestsadumbstoryidea.Thisoneshouldbeeasy,butit'snot.Ifyousayno,evenpolitely,youriskinhibitingfurtherideas,notjustfromthatreporter,butfromotherswhoheardthatyouturneddowntheidea.Thisscenarioiscommoninnewsroomsthatlackasystematicwaytofilterstorysuggestions.

Twostepsarenecessary.First,youneedasystemforhowstoriesareproposedandreviewed.Reporterscantoleraterejectionoftheirideasiftheybelievetheyweregivenafairhearing.Yourgutreaction（本能反應）anddismissiverejection,evenofaworthlessidea,mightnotqualifyassystematicorfair.

Second,t