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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-吉林體育學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題
Mr.Green’ssorearmisnotanewdevelopmentbutthereturnofa____ailment.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.serious
B.disappearing
C.frequent
D.chronic
【答案】D
【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.serious嚴(yán)重的B.disappearing消失了的
C.frequent頻繁的D.chronic慢性的;難以治愈(或根除)的
【考查點(diǎn)】修飾語與被修飾語的搭配與語義銜接
【解題思路】原文前半句提到“Green先生的胳膊酸痛不是什么新情況”,說明該句在討論“胳膊酸痛”這種情況是否出現(xiàn)過,另外,空格處修飾的是后文ailment“小病”,與該詞搭配最合適的是D選項(xiàng)chronic“慢性的;難以治愈(或根除)的”。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)serious“嚴(yán)重的”,與原句句意銜接不當(dāng),原句并不是在討論這個(gè)病是否嚴(yán)重;
B選項(xiàng)disappearing“消失了的”,這種病不是完全消失了,它還在那里,只是沒有發(fā)作而已,與原句句意銜接不當(dāng);
C選項(xiàng)frequent“頻繁的”,與ailment“小病”搭配不合適,沒有D選項(xiàng)恰當(dāng)。
【句意】Green先生的胳膊酸痛不是什么新情況而是一種慢性病的復(fù)發(fā)。
2.單選題
Galaxyclustersarethemostmassivestructuresintheuniverseandexertsuchapowerful()pullthattheywarpthespacetimearoundthemandactascosmiclensesthatcanmagnify,distortandbendthelightbehindthem.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.gravitational
B.exceptional
C.motivational
D.sensational
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)gravitational表示“重力的,引力的”;B選項(xiàng)exceptional表示“超常的,異常的,例外的”;C選項(xiàng)motivational表示“動(dòng)機(jī)的,激發(fā)性的”;D選項(xiàng)sensational表示“轟動(dòng)的,聳人聽聞的,使人感動(dòng)的”。由句意可知,星系團(tuán)是宇宙中最巨大的結(jié)構(gòu),它能產(chǎn)生巨大的引力,扭曲周圍的時(shí)空,就像宇宙透鏡一樣放大、扭曲和彎曲后面的光線。因此,A選項(xiàng)gravitational的含義最符合原文句意,故本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。
3.單選題
Toolmakersmusthavetheabilitytoworkvery(
)inordertomeetexactspecifications.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.plausibly
B.profoundly
C.precisely
D.primarily
【答案】C
【解析】plausibly似真地;profoundly深刻地,極度地;precisely精確地,恰好;primarily主要地,根本上。句意:工具制造者必須能非常精確地工作,以滿足準(zhǔn)確的規(guī)格要求。根據(jù)下文可知,選項(xiàng)C符合句意。
4.單選題
Itiseasiertogetdivorcedtodaythanintimespast,butitisnolesspainful.Studieshaveshownthatbothmenandwomensuffersignificantstressattwokeypoints:beforethedecisiontodivorceandatthetimeofthefinalseparation.Poorhealth,difficultyinsleepingandworking,loneliness,depression,anxiety,loweredself-esteem,andimpairedmemoryareallassociatedwiththedivorceprocess.Intheirstudyof252menandwomencurrentlyundergoingadivorce,DavidA.ChiribogaandLoraineCutlerfoundthatmenweremorevulnerabletostressthanwomen.Atthesametime,closeto50percentofbothmenandwomenreportedthattheyfeltsomereliefasaresultofhavinginitiatedthedivorceprocess.
Thechildrenofacoupleplanningtodivorcealsoshareinthepain,especiallyimmediatelyfollowingtheseparation.Intheirstudyoffamilybreakup,JudithS.WallersteinandJoanB.Kellyfoundthatparentsrarelypreparetheirchildrenforthecomingcrisis,nordotheyprovidethemwiththenecessaryassurancesthattheywillbecaredfor.Preoccupiedbytheirpersonalproblems,theparentsareofteninsensitivetotheirchildren'sanger,fearorperplexity.Whendivorcenecessitatesthatthemothergotowork,thechildmaybeplacedinunfamiliarchildcarearrangements,andbothmotherandfatherbecomesubstantiallylessavailable.Thefirstyearfollowingadivorceistypicallythemoststressfulfortheparentsandforthechild.Inthelongrun,however,divorceisnotnecessarilypsychologicallydamagingtochildren,particularlywhenbothparentsremainaccessibleandloving.
Whateverthepainthatdivorceinflicts,itdoesnotseemtosourpeopleontheinstitutionofmarriage.Afourthofthepeoplewhogetdivorcedareremarriedwithintheyear,and75percentremarrywithinnineyearsofdivorce.Aboutfiveofeverysixdivorcedmenandthreeofeveryfourdivorcedwomenmarryagain.Onereasonthatmenaremorelikelytoremarrythanwomenisthatmentypicallymarryyoungerwomen.Whenweconsiderthatbyagetwenty-sevenwomenbeginoutnumberingmen,wecanseehowmiddle-agedandoldermenhavealargerpoolofpotentialpartnersfromwhichtochoosethandowomen.Insum,whilemarriagemaybedifficulttosustain,itiscertainlynotgoingoutofstyle.
1.Accordingtothepassage,womensuffersignificantstresswhen()
2.Thedivorcedparentsignoretheirchildren'sangerandfearbecause().
3.Fromthispassagewecanknowthat().
4.Accordingtothepassage,thepercentageofremarryingmanishigherthanthatofthewomenby().
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.theyareforcedtoleavetheirchildren
B.thepropertyisdivided
C.makinguptheirmindtogetadivorce
D.goingtoacourt
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.theyarepoorlypreparedforthecomingcrisis
B.theyareundergreatstress
C.theythinktoomuchabouttheirownproblems
D.theyhavetoliveontheirown
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.divorcemaydogreaterharmtochildrenmentallyandphysicallythantheparents
B.familybreakupcanbeavoidedifthecouple'spersonalproblemsaresettled
C.marriageremainspopularinspiteofrisingdivorcerate
D.Childrenwilllosetheparentalcareandloveaftertheirparentsgetdivorced
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.25%
B.75%
C.8%
D.27%
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:C
第3題:C
第4題:C
【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
1.Accordingtothepassage,womensuffersignificantstresswhen______.1.根據(jù)這篇文章,當(dāng)女性______時(shí),她們會(huì)承受巨大的壓力。
A.theyareforcedtoleavetheirchildrenA.女性被迫離開她們的孩子
B.thepropertyisdividedB.財(cái)產(chǎn)被分割
C.makinguptheirmindtogetadivorceC.決定離婚
D.goingtoacourtD.上法庭
【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。
【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞womensuffersignificantstress可定位到第一段第二句“研究表明,男人和女人都在兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻承受著巨大的壓力,即在決定離婚之前和最后分居的時(shí)候(beforethedecisiontodivorceandatthetimeofthefinalseparation)”。所以選項(xiàng)C符合原文。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“女性被迫離開她們的孩子”、B項(xiàng)“財(cái)產(chǎn)被分割”和D項(xiàng)“上法庭”都沒提到,無中生有。
第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
2.Thedivorcedparentsignoretheirchildren’sangerandfearbecause______.2.離婚的父母無視孩子的憤怒和恐懼,因?yàn)開_____。
A.theyarepoorlypreparedforthecomingcrisisA.他們對(duì)即將到來的危機(jī)準(zhǔn)備不足
B.theyareundergreatstressB.他們的壓力很大
C.theythinktoomuchabouttheirownproblemsC.他們對(duì)自己的問題想得太多了
D.theyhavetoliveontheirownD.他們必須靠自己生活
【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。
【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞children’sangerandfear定位到第二段的第三句“父母往往被自己的個(gè)人問題所困擾(Preoccupiedbytheirpersonalproblems),所以對(duì)孩子的憤怒、恐懼或困惑無動(dòng)于衷”。理解可知,離婚的父母無視孩子的憤怒和恐懼,是因?yàn)楦改副蛔约旱膫€(gè)人問題所困擾,C項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)自己的問題想得太多了”與原文一致。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)即將到來的危機(jī)準(zhǔn)備不足”和B項(xiàng)“他們的壓力很大”在文中有提及,但不是對(duì)孩子的憤怒等情緒無動(dòng)于衷的原因,張冠李戴;
D項(xiàng)“他們必須靠自己生活”在文中沒有原文依據(jù),無中生有。
第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
3.Fromthispassagewecanknowthat______.3.從這篇文章中我們可以知道______。
A.divorcemaydogreaterharmtochildrenmentallyandphysicallythantheparentsA.離婚對(duì)孩子的身心傷害可能比父母更大
B.familybreakupcanbeavoidedifthecouple’spersonalproblemsaresettledB.如果夫妻倆的個(gè)人問題得到解決,家庭破裂是可以避免的
C.marriageremainspopularinspiteofrisingdivorcerateC.盡管離婚率不斷上升,婚姻仍然很受歡迎
D.childrenwilllosetheparentalcareandloveaftertheirparentsgetdivorcedD.父母離婚后,孩子就會(huì)失去父母的關(guān)愛
【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。
【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段第一句話“不管離婚會(huì)帶來怎樣的痛苦,它似乎不會(huì)讓人們對(duì)婚姻制度感到厭惡(itdoesnotseemtosourpeopleontheinstitutionofmarriage)”以及最后一句話“盡管婚姻難以維持,但它肯定不會(huì)過時(shí)(itiscertainlynotgoingoutofstyle)”,從notgoingoutofstyle(不過時(shí))可推測(cè),盡管離婚率升高,但結(jié)婚依然很流行。C項(xiàng)“盡管離婚率不斷上升,婚姻仍然很受歡迎”正確。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A項(xiàng)“離婚對(duì)孩子的身心傷害可能比父母更大”,第二段雖然提到“離婚后的第一年對(duì)父母和孩子來說通常是壓力最大的一年”,但并沒有孩子與父母受到傷害之間的比較,屬于曲解原文;
B項(xiàng)“如果夫妻倆的個(gè)人問題得到解決,家庭破裂是可以避免的”,由第二段可知,文中提到父母總是忙于自己的個(gè)人問題,往往對(duì)孩子的憤怒、恐懼或困惑無動(dòng)于衷,但是并沒有個(gè)人問題解決,家庭就不會(huì)破碎的相關(guān)說法,該項(xiàng)無中生有;
D項(xiàng)“父母離婚后,孩子就會(huì)失去父母的關(guān)愛”從第二段最后一句話“然而,從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看,離婚并不一定會(huì)對(duì)孩子造成心理傷害,尤其是當(dāng)父母雙方都能保持親近和關(guān)愛的時(shí)候”可知,離婚會(huì)導(dǎo)致孩子失去關(guān)愛不是必然事件,而是在于父母的態(tài)度,該項(xiàng)曲解原文。
第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
4.Accordingtothepassage,thepercentageofremarryingmanishigherthanthatofthewomenby______.4.根據(jù)這篇文章,再婚的男性比再婚的女性高_(dá)_____。
A.25%A.25%
B.75%B.75%
C.8%C.8%
D.27%D.27%
【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。
【解題思路】由題干關(guān)鍵詞thepercentageofremarrying定位到本文最后一段的第三句“大約六分之五的離婚男性和四分之三的離婚女性會(huì)再婚”,所以六分之五減去四分之三等于十二分之一,約等于8%。故該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A項(xiàng)“25%”是離婚者再婚的百分比,張冠李戴;
B項(xiàng)“75%”是離婚女性再婚的百分比,張冠李戴;
D項(xiàng)“27%”沒有提到,無中生有。
5.單選題
Ithoughtthechildren()whenwereturnedhome,buttheywerestillawake.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.hadbeensleeping
B.wouldsleep
C.wouldbesleeping
D.weresleeping
【答案】C
【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句中雖然沒有明顯的虛擬條件句,但通過buttheywerestillawake可知,孩子們?cè)谡f話人回到家時(shí)其實(shí)還沒睡,這種隱含式虛擬條件句一般轉(zhuǎn)化為if引導(dǎo)的條件句,主句用would+動(dòng)詞原形,而當(dāng)時(shí)判斷的是孩子們正在睡覺,因此本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。
6.單選題
Theadvertisementsaysthismaterialdoesn't(
)inthewash,butithas.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.contract
B.shrink
C.slim
D.dissolve
【答案】B
【解析】句意:廣告說這種材料不會(huì)縮水,但實(shí)際上不然。
動(dòng)詞辨析。Contract指(金屬等)收縮,縮小;shrink指(布料等浸濕后)起皺,(個(gè)頭、尺寸等)收縮;slim變苗條,減輕體重;dissolve溶解,融化。故B符合句意。
7.單選題
Thedirectionswereso______thatitwasimpossibletocompletetheassignment.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.ingenious
B.ambitious
C.notorious
D.ambiguous
【答案】D
【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.ingenious精巧的,新穎獨(dú)特的B.ambitious有野心的,有雄心的
C.notorious聲名狼藉的,臭名昭著的D.ambiguous模棱兩可的,含混不清的
【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。
【解題思路】根據(jù)結(jié)果狀語從句的內(nèi)容“以至于不可能完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)”可知,這個(gè)指示是不清楚的、模棱兩可的,所以該題選擇D項(xiàng)。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)不符句意。
【句意】指示如此模棱兩可,以至于不可能完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。
8.單選題
Likeanoldladyplayingthe______maiden,theseniorpoliticiankeptthemediaandthepublicguessingaboutherpolicyintentionsatthepressconference.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.domestic
B.tough
C.modest
D.coy
【答案】D
【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.domestic家庭的;國(guó)內(nèi)的B.tough艱苦的;嚴(yán)厲的
C.modest謙虛的;不太大(或太貴、太重要等)的D.coy羞羞答答的,忸怩作態(tài)的
【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。
【解題思路】根據(jù)所修飾的詞語maiden(少女)和keptthemediaandthepublicguessingaboutherpolicyintentions(讓媒體和公眾猜測(cè)她的政策意圖)可知,空格處表示“忸怩作態(tài)的,靦腆的”符合句意,故該題選擇D項(xiàng)。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)不符合句意。
【句意】在記者招待會(huì)上,這位資深政治家就像一個(gè)故作靦腆的少女,讓媒體和公眾猜測(cè)她的政策意圖。
9.單選題
Thehistoryofmodernpollutionproblemsshowsthatmosthaveresultedfromnegligenceandignorance.Wehaveashockingtendencytointerferewithnaturebeforeallofthepossibleconsequencesofouractionshavebeenstudiedindepth.Weproduceanddistributeradioactivesubstances,syntheticchemicals,andmanyofotherpowerfulcompoundsbeforefullycomprehendingtheireffectsonlivingorganisms.Oureducationisdangerouslyincomplete.
Itwillbearguedthatthepurposeofscienceistomoveintounknownterritory,toexplore,andtodiscover.Itcanbesaidthatsimilarriskshavebeentakenbefore,andthoserisksarenecessarytotechnologicalprogress.
Theseargumentsoverlookanimportantelement.Inthepast,riskstakeninthenameofscientificprogresswererestrictedtoasmallplaceandabriefperiodoftime.TheeffectsoftheprocesseswenowstrivetomasterareneitherIdealizednorbrief.Airpollutioncoversvasturbanareas.Oceanpollutantshavebeendiscoveredinnearlyeverypartoftheworld.Syntheticchemicalsspreadoverhugestretchesofforestandfarmlandmayremaininthesoilfordecades.Radioactivepollutantswillbefoundinthebiosphereforgenerations.Thesizeandpersistenceoftheseproblemshavegrownwiththeexpandingpowerofmodernscience.
Onemightalsoarguethatthehazardsofmodernpollutantsaresmallcomparedwiththedangersassociatedwithotherhumanactivity.Noestimateoftheactualharmdonebysmog,fallout,orchemicalresiduescanobscuretherealitythattherisksarebeingtakenbeforebeingfullyunderstood.
Theimportanceoftheseissuesliesinthefailureofsciencetopredictandcontrolhumaninterventionintonaturalprocesses.Thetruemeasureofdangerisrepresentedbythehazardswewillencounterifweenterthenewageoftechnologywithoutfirstevaluatingourresponsibilitytotheenvironment.
1.Accordingtotheauthor,themajorcauseofpollutionistheresultof(
)
.
2.Accordingtothepassage,therisksbroughtaboutbymodernsciencearegreaterthanthosebyearlierscientificeffortsbecause(
).
3.Intheauthor’sopinion,thekeytothesettlementofthemodernpollutionliesin(
).
4.Itcanbeinferredthattheattitudeofscientiststowardspollutionhasbeen(
)
.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.astrongdesiretomoveintounknownterritory
B.alackofunderstandingthehistoryoftechnology
C.designingsyntheticchemicalstokilllivingorganisms
D.changingourenvironmentwithoutfullyconsideringrisks
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.theeffectsmaybefeltbymorepeopleforalongertime
B.technologyhasproducedmoredangerouschemicals
C.scienceisprogressingfasterthaneverbefore
D.themodernpollutantshavebeenlocalized
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.theexpansionofmodernscience
B.thedisposalofpotentialpollutants
C.theawarenessofourresponsibility
D.thehumaninterferencewithnature
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.naive
B.concerned
C.worried
D.nonchalant
【答案】第1題:D
第2題:A
第3題:C
第4題:D
【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的一二句可知,現(xiàn)代污染問題的歷史表明,大多數(shù)是由于疏忽和無知造成的。我們有一種令人震驚的傾向,即在深入研究我們的行為可能產(chǎn)生的后果之前就干預(yù)自然。也就是說,在沒有充分考慮風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的情況下就改變環(huán)境。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。
2.根據(jù)第三的內(nèi)容可知,在過去,以科學(xué)進(jìn)步的名義所冒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)被限制在一個(gè)小地方和處于短期時(shí)間內(nèi)。我們現(xiàn)在努力掌握的工序的效果既不理想,也不會(huì)是短暫的。隨著現(xiàn)代科學(xué)力量的不斷擴(kuò)大,這些(污染)問題的規(guī)模和持久性也在不斷擴(kuò)大。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。
3.根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Thetruemeasureofdangerisrepresentedbythehazardswewillencounterifweenterthenewageoftechnologywithoutfirstevaluatingourresponsibilitytotheenvironment.”如果我們進(jìn)入技術(shù)的新時(shí)代而不首先評(píng)估我們對(duì)環(huán)境的責(zé)任,我們將遇到真正的危險(xiǎn)。所以說,解決現(xiàn)代污染的關(guān)鍵在于我們的責(zé)任感。選項(xiàng)C正確。
4.雖然文中并沒有提及科學(xué)家們,但文章在第三段和第五段提及,現(xiàn)代科學(xué)進(jìn)步,污染問題卻越來越嚴(yán)重,說明科學(xué)家們沒有引起足夠的重視,所以他們的態(tài)度是冷漠的,漠不關(guān)心的。選項(xiàng)D正確。
10.單選題
Caughtinasqueezebetweenthehealthneedsofageingpopulationsononehandandthefinancialcrisisontheother,governmentseverywherearelookingforwaystoslowthegrowthinhealthcarespending.Increasingly,theyarelookingtothegeneric-drugs(普通物)industryasasavior.InNovemberJapan'sfinanceministryissuedareportcomplainingthatthecountry'suseofgenericswaslessthanathirdofthatinAmericaorBritain.InthestonemonthCanada'scompetitionwatchdogcriticizedthecountry'spharmaciesforfailingtopassonthesavingsmadepossiblebytheuseofgenericdrugs.Thatgreed,itreckoned,coststaxpayersnearly$1billionayear.
ThenonNovember28ththeEuropeanCommissionissuedthepreliminaryresultsofitsyear-longprobeintodruggiantsintheEuropeanUnion.Thereportreachedadamning,thoughprovisional,conclusion:thedrugsfirmsuseavarietyofunfairstrategiestoprotecttheirexpensivedrugsbydelayingtheentryofcheapergenericopponents.Thoughthisinitialreportdoesnotcarrytheforceoflaw(afinalreportisdueearlynextyear),ithascausedmuchcontroversy.NeelieKroes,theEU'scompetitioncommissioner,sayssheisreadytotakelegalactioniftheevidenceallows.
Onestrategytheinvestigatorscriticizeistheuseofthe"patentcluster(專利群)Afirmkeentodefenditsdrugduetogooff-patentmayfiledozensorhundredsofnewpatents,oftenofdubiousmerit,toconfuseandterrifypotentialcopycatsandmaintainitsmonopoly.Anunnameddrugsfirmoncetookout1.300patentsacrosstheEUonasingledrug.Thereportalsosuggeststhatout-of-courtsettlementsbetweenmakersofpatenteddrugsandgenericsfinalsmaybeastrategyusedbytheformertodelaymarketentrybythelatter.
AccordingtoEUofficials,suchmisdeedshavedelayedthearrivalofgenericcompetitionandtheaccompanyingsavings.Onaverage,thereportestimates,genericsarrivedsevenmonthsafterapatenteddruglostitsprotection,thoughwherethedrugwasabigsellerthelagwasfourmonths.Thereportsaystaxpayerspaidabout3billionmorethantheywouldhavehadthegenericsgoneonsaleimmediately.
Buthangonaminute.Thoughmanyofthechargesofbadbehaviorleveledatthepatented-drugsindustrybyEUinvestigatorsmaywellbetrue,thereportseemsloletthegenericsindustryoffthehook(鉤子)toolightly.Afterall,ifthedrugsgiantsstandaccused,ineffect,ofbribingopponentstodelaythelaunchofcheapgenerics,shouldn'tthecompaniesthatacceptedthose"bribes"alsosharetheblame?
1.Whyaregovernmentsaroundtheworldseekingwaystoreducetheirhealth-carespending?
2.WhatcanwelearnfromthereportissuedbytheEuropeanCommission?
3.Theinvestigatorsseriouslycondemnedthedrugfirmsfor().
4.Onaverage,thegeneticswillbedelayedtoenterthemarketby().
5.Whichofthefollowingaccordswiththeauthor'sview?
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.Theyconsiderthegeneric-drugsindustryasasavior.
B.Theyareunderthedoublepressureofaginggroupandfinancialcrisis.
C.Health-carespendinghasaccountedtoolargeproportion.
D.Health-carespendinghascosttaxpayerstoomuchincome.
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.Drugfirmwillusejustwaystoprotecttheirdrags.
B.Cheapergenericdrugsareeasytoentermarket.
C.Thereporthascometoanultimateconclusion.
D.Thefinalreportmayleadtocommissioner'slegalaction.
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.theydonotlettheiropponentstoresorttothecomet
B.theyuseclustersofpatentstoprotecttheirproducts
C.theybribethecheapergenericopponents
D.theydonotpassonthesavingsmadebyuseofgenericdrugs
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.sevenmonths
B.threemonths
C.fourmonths
D.elevenmonths
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.Chargesonpatented-drugindustryareanythingbuttrue.
B.Genericsindustryisasheervictiminthecompetition.
C.Onlydruggiantsaretoblame.
D.Exclusionofgenericsindustryfromtakingresponsibilityisquestionable.
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:D
第3題:B
第4題:A
第5題:D
【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意為:為什么各國(guó)政府尋求方法以減少醫(yī)療開支?第一段指出:Caughtinasqueezebetweenthehealthneedsofageingpopulationsononehandandthefinancialcrisisontheother,governmentseverywherearelookingforwaystoslowthegrowthinhealth-carespending(各國(guó)政府一方面面臨老齡化人群的健康需求,另一方面又受到金融危機(jī)的影響,因此,政府在尋求緩增醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生開支的方式),因此B項(xiàng)“他們處于老齡化和金融危機(jī)的雙重壓力中”正確。
2.判斷推理題。題干意為:從歐洲委員會(huì)發(fā)布的報(bào)告可以知道什么?A:藥物公司會(huì)采取適當(dāng)?shù)氖侄伪Wo(hù)他們的藥物。B:便宜的普通藥品容易進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)。C:報(bào)告已經(jīng)有定論。D:最終報(bào)告可能會(huì)引起委員會(huì)的起訴。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞report和theEuropeanCommission定位至第二段:thedrugsfirmsuseavarietyofunfairstrategiestoprotecttheirexpensivedrugsbydelayingtheentryofcheapergenericopponents(藥物公司使用不正當(dāng)?shù)母?jìng)爭(zhēng)手段,以推遲普通藥物的上市),因此A項(xiàng)跟B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。后面還指出:Thereportreachedadamning,thoughprovisional,conclusion…(本報(bào)告的結(jié)論只是暫時(shí)的),因此C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。最后一句指出:NeelieKroes,theEU'scompetitioncommissioner,sayssheisreadytotakelegalactioniftheevidenceallows(NeelieKroes—?dú)W盟競(jìng)爭(zhēng)委員會(huì)專員說:如果證據(jù)允許,委員們會(huì)起訴)。因此D項(xiàng)正確。
3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意為:為什么調(diào)查者嚴(yán)肅譴責(zé)藥品公司?通過題干定位至第三段:Onestrategytheinvestigatorscriticizeistheuseofthe"patentcluster”(調(diào)査員們嚴(yán)厲譴責(zé)藥品公司的原因是:他們利用“專利群”這一策略),即為一個(gè)產(chǎn)品申請(qǐng)多項(xiàng)專利,故正確答案是B項(xiàng)“他們利用專利群保護(hù)產(chǎn)品”。
4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意為:平均來說,推遲產(chǎn)品進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)要多久?根據(jù)題干定位至第四段第二句:Onaverage,thereportestimates,genericsarrivedsevenmonthsafterapatenteddruglostitsprotection,thoughwherethedrugwasabigsellerthelagwasfourmonths(盡管暢銷產(chǎn)品的滯后期是四個(gè)月,但是,平均來說,普通藥物要等藥物專利失效7個(gè)月后才能上市)。因此A項(xiàng)正確。
5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。題干意為:下列哪項(xiàng)符合作者觀點(diǎn)?作者的觀點(diǎn)在最后一段有體現(xiàn):盡管,委員會(huì)對(duì)專利藥物行業(yè)的控訴是正確的,但是,不應(yīng)將普通制藥行業(yè)與此完全脫離關(guān)系。畢竟,如果制藥巨頭被指控賄賂以推遲產(chǎn)品上市,那么接受賄賂的公司也應(yīng)該承擔(dān)責(zé)任。因此D項(xiàng)“不讓非專利藥行業(yè)承擔(dān)責(zé)任是值得討論”比較符合作者觀點(diǎn)。
11.單選題
Myfatherwas,Iamsure,intendedbynaturetobeacheerful,kindlyman.Untilhewasthirty-fouryearsoldheworkedasafarmhandforamannamedThomasButterworthwhoseplacelaynearthetownofBidwell,Ohio.HehadthenahorseofhisownandonSaturdayeveningsdroveintotowntospendafewhoursinsocialintercoursewithotherfarmhands…Atteno’clockFatherdrovehomealongalonelycountryroad,madehishorsecomfortableforthenightandhimselfwenttobed,quitehappyinhispositioninlife.Hehadatthattimenonotionoftryingtoriseintheworld.
Itwasinthespringofhisthirty-fifthyearthatFathermarriedmymother,thenacountryschoolteacher,andinthefollowingspringIcamewrigglingandcryingintotheworld.Somethinghappenedtothetwopeople.Theybecameambitious.TheAmericanpassionforgettingupintheworldtookpossessionofthem.
ItmayhavebeenthatMotherwasresponsible.Beingaschoolteachershehadnodoubtreadbooksandmagazines.Shehad,Ipresume,readofhowGarfield,LincolnandotherAmericansrosefrompovertytofameandgreatnessandasIlaybesideher—inthedaysofherlying-in—shemayhavedreamedthatIwouldsomedayrulemenandcities.Atanyrate,sheinducedFathertogiveuphisplaceasafarmhand,sellhishorseandembarkonanindependententerpriseofhisown…
Thefirstventureintowhichthetwopeoplewentturnedoutbadly.TheyrentedtenacresofpoorstonylandonGrigg’sRoad,eightmilesfromBidwell,andlaunchedintochickenraising.Igrewintoboyhoodontheplaceandgotmyfirstimpressionsoflifethere.Fromthebeginningtheywereimpressionsofdisasterandif,inmyturn,Iamagloomymaninclinedtoseethedarkersideoflife,Iattributedittothefactthatwhatshouldhavebeenformethehappyjoyousdaysofchildhoodwerespentonachickenfarm.
Oneunversedinsuchmaterscanhavenonotionofthemanyandtragicthingsthatcanhappentoachicken.ItisbornoutofanegglivesforafewweeksasatinyfluffythingsuchasyouwillseepicturedonEastercards,thenbecomeshideouslynaked,eatsquantitiesofcornandmealboughtbythesweatofyourfather’sbrow,getsdiseasescalledpip,choleraandothernames,standslookingwithstupideyesatthesun,becomessickanddies.Afewhensandnowandthenarooster,intendedtoserveGod’smysteriousends,strugglethroughtomaturity.Thehenslayeggsoutofwhichcomeotherchickensandthedreadfulcycleisthusmadecomplete.Itisallunbelievablycomplex.Mostphilosophersmusthavebeenraisedonchickenfarms.Onehopesforsomuchfromachickenandissodreadfullydisillusioned.Smallchickensjustsettingoutonthejourneyoflife,looksobrightandalertandtheyareinfactsodreadfullystupid.Theyaresomuchlikepeopletheymixoneupinone’sjudgmentsoflife.Ifdiseasedoesnotkillthemtheywaituntilyourexpectationsarethoroughlyarousedandthenwalkunderthewheelsofawag…InlaterlifeIhaveseenhowaliteraturehasbeenbuiltuponthesubjectoffortunestobemadeoutoftheraisingofchickensDonotbeledastraybyit.Itwasnotwrittenforyou.GohuntforgoldonthefrozenhillsofAlaska,putyourfaithinthehonestyofapolitician,believeifyouwillthattheworldisdailygrowingbetterandthatgoodwilltriumphoverevil,butdonotreadandbelievetheliteraturethatiswrittenconcerningthehen…
I,however,digress.Mytaledoesnotprimarilyconcernitselfwiththehen.Ifcorrectlytolditwillcenterontheegg.Fortenyearsmyfatherandmotherstruggledtomakeourchickenfarmpayandthentheygaveupthatstruggleandbegananother.TheymovedintothetownofBidwell,Ohio,andembarkedintherestaurantbusiness.Aftertenyearsofworry,…wethrewallasideandpackingourbelongingsonawagondrovedownGrigg’sRoadtowardBidwell,atinycaravanofhopelookingforanewplacefromwhichtostartonourupwardjourneythroughlife.
1.Thenarratorofthestoryviewslifepessimisticallybecause______.
2.Accordingtothenarrator,inwhichwaydochickensresemblehumanbeings?
3.Accordingtothenarrator,oneofthefewpleasuresinraisingchickensisthat______.
4.Thenarrator’sopinionofbooksandarticleswrittenaboutchickenfarmingisthattheyare______.
5.Whichpairofadjectivesmostaccuratelyconveysthenarrator’sfeelingsabouthischildhood?
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.hegrewuponachickenfarm
B.hisparentsneversucceededatanythingtheydid
C.hislifehasbeenallworkandnoplay
D.heandhisfamilywerealwaysindebt
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.Chickens,likechildren,areexpensivetobringup.
B.Chickens,likepeople,appeartobebrighterthantheyreallyare.
C.Chickens,aswellashumans,aredirty,diseased,andsmelly.
D.Tragediesbefallbothchickensandhumans.
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.youhavethechancetowitnessthelifecycle
B.thecreaturesarecutewhentheyarechicks
C.ifyouarelucky,youcanbecomerich
D.you’llneverrunoutofeggs
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.verywellwrittenandarepopularamongmanydifferentkindsofpeople
B.notwrittenforanyonewhoisseriousaboutraisingchickens
C.likelytoexaggeratetherewardsofchickenfarming
D.meantonlyforpeoplewithnothingtolose
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.resentful/bitter
B.detached/unemotional
C.satirical/humorous
D.sentimental/sad
【答案】第1題:A
第2題:B
第3題:B
第4題:C
第5題:D
【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
1.Thenarratorofthestoryviewslifepessimisticallybecause______.1.故事的敘述者悲觀地看待生活,是因?yàn)開_____。
A.hegrewuponachickenfarmA.他在養(yǎng)雞場(chǎng)長(zhǎng)大
B.hisparentsneversucceededatanythingtheydidB.他的父母從來沒有成功過
C.hislifehasbeenallworkandnoplayC.他的生活只有工作沒有娛樂
D.heandhisfamilywerealwaysindebtD.他和他的家人總是負(fù)債累累
【答案】A
【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。
【解題思路】根據(jù)第四段最后一句“如果我是一個(gè)悲觀的人,傾向于看到生活的陰暗面,我認(rèn)為這是因?yàn)槲冶緫?yīng)該快樂的童年卻是在養(yǎng)雞場(chǎng)度過的”可知,故事的敘述者悲觀地看待生活,是因?yàn)樗耐晔窃陴B(yǎng)雞場(chǎng)度過的。因此,該題選擇A項(xiàng)“他在養(yǎng)雞場(chǎng)長(zhǎng)大”。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
B項(xiàng)“他的父母從來沒有成功過”,第四段第一句雖然提到“這兩個(gè)人第一次冒險(xiǎn)失敗了”,但是后面并沒有提到作者的父母從來沒有成功,該項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文;
C項(xiàng)“他的生活只有工作沒有娛樂”和D項(xiàng)“他和他的家人總是負(fù)債累累”沒有提到,屬于無中生有。
2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
2.Accordingtothenarrator,inwhichwaydochickensresemblehumanbeings?2.根據(jù)敘述者的說法,雞在哪些方與人類相似?
A.Chickens,likechildren,areexpensivetobringup.A.養(yǎng)雞和養(yǎng)孩子一樣,都很費(fèi)錢。
B.Chickens,likepeople,appeartobebrighterthantheyreallyare.B.雞和人一樣,看起來比實(shí)際更聰明。
C.Chickens,aswellashumans,aredirty,diseased,andsmelly.C.雞和人一樣,都是骯臟、患病和發(fā)臭的。
D.Tragediesbefallbothchickensandhumans.D.悲劇會(huì)降臨到雞和人身上。
【答案】B
【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。
【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至倒數(shù)第二段第八和第九句“剛踏上人生旅途的小雞,看起來那么聰明,那么機(jī)警,其實(shí)是笨得可怕。它們與人如此相似,人經(jīng)常混淆對(duì)生活的判斷?!笨芍?,雞與人的相似之處就是看起來聰明,其實(shí)愚蠢得可怕。故B項(xiàng)“雞和人一樣,看起來比實(shí)際更聰明”符合題意。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A項(xiàng)“養(yǎng)雞和養(yǎng)孩子一樣,都很費(fèi)錢”和C項(xiàng)“雞和人一樣,都是骯臟、患病和發(fā)臭的”在原文沒有這樣提到,屬于無中生有;
D項(xiàng)“悲劇會(huì)降臨到雞和人身上”,文中第五段雖然描述了雞的悲慘命運(yùn),但是并沒有提到人類也是這樣悲慘,該項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文。
3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
3.Accordingtothenarrator,oneofthefewpleasuresinraisingchickensisthat______.3.根據(jù)敘述者的說法,養(yǎng)雞的為數(shù)不多的樂趣之一是______。
A.youhavethechancetowitnessthelifecycleA.你有機(jī)會(huì)見證小雞的生命周期
B.thecreaturesarecutewhentheyarechicksB.這些動(dòng)物小的時(shí)候很可愛
C.ifyouarelucky,youcanbecomerichC.如果你幸運(yùn)的話,你可以變得富有
D.you’llneverrunoutofeggsD.你的雞蛋永遠(yuǎn)吃不完
【答案】B
【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。
【解題思路】根據(jù)第五段第二句“小雞破殼而出,毛絨絨的像復(fù)活節(jié)明信片上的小毛球一樣……”,以及第八句“剛踏上人生旅途的小雞,看起來那么聰明,那么機(jī)警”綜合理解可以推斷出,作者認(rèn)為剛出生的小雞毛茸茸的,很可愛。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)“這些動(dòng)物小的時(shí)候很可愛”。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A項(xiàng)“你有機(jī)會(huì)見證小雞的生命周期”這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)在文中有提到,但小雞的生命周期是悲慘的,并不是樂趣,該項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文;
C項(xiàng)“如果你幸運(yùn)的話,你可以變得富有”和D項(xiàng)“你的雞蛋永遠(yuǎn)吃不完”沒有提到,無中生有。
4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
4.Thenarrator’sopinionofbooksandarticleswrittenaboutchickenfarmingisthattheyare______.4.敘述者對(duì)養(yǎng)雞業(yè)的書籍文章的看法是______。
A.verywellwrittenandarepopularamongmanydifferentkindsofpeopleA.寫得很好,在許多不同類型的人當(dāng)中都很受歡迎
B.notwrittenforanyonewhoisseriousaboutraisingchickensB.不是為那些認(rèn)真養(yǎng)雞的人寫的
C.likelytoexaggeratetherewardsofchickenfarmingC.可能會(huì)夸大養(yǎng)雞業(yè)的回報(bào)
D.meantonlyforpeoplewithnothingtoloseD.只適合那些一無所有的人
【答案】C
【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。
【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第五段最后三句“在后來的生活中,我看到了一個(gè)關(guān)于養(yǎng)雞發(fā)財(cái)?shù)奈膶W(xué)作品……不要被它引入歧途。這不是為你寫的。去阿拉斯加冰凍的山丘淘金,相信一個(gè)政治家的誠(chéng)實(shí),如果你愿意,請(qǐng)相信世界正在一天天變得更好,善良將戰(zhàn)勝邪惡,但不要閱讀和相信關(guān)于母雞的文學(xué)作品?!保瑥闹锌芍髡哒J(rèn)為養(yǎng)雞發(fā)財(cái)?shù)奈膶W(xué)作品是在誤導(dǎo)人們,也就是說作者認(rèn)為這些文學(xué)作品夸大了養(yǎng)雞能帶來的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。故C項(xiàng)“可能會(huì)夸大養(yǎng)雞業(yè)的回報(bào)”符合題意。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A項(xiàng)“寫得很好,在許多不同類型的人當(dāng)中都很受歡迎”,根據(jù)解題思路可知,作者對(duì)養(yǎng)雞文學(xué)的態(tài)度并不看好,所以該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾;
B項(xiàng)“不是為那些認(rèn)真養(yǎng)雞的人寫的”和D項(xiàng)“只適合那些一無所有的人”沒有提到,無中生有。
5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
5.Whichpairofadjectivesmostaccuratelyconveysthenarrator’sfeelingsabouthischildhood?5.哪一對(duì)形容詞最準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)了敘述者對(duì)童年的感受?
A.resentful/bitterA.充滿憤恨的、痛苦的
B.detached/unemotionalB.分離的、冷漠的
C.satirical/humorousC.諷刺的、幽默的
D.sentimental/sadD.多愁善感的、悲傷的
【答案】D
【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。
【解題思路】根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知,整篇文章的基調(diào)是比較憂傷,悲慘的。第三段最后兩句還指出作者對(duì)童年的描述:“我在這個(gè)地方長(zhǎng)大成人,對(duì)那里的生活有了初步的印象。從一開始,這些印象就是災(zāi)難性的,如果說我是一個(gè)陰郁的人,傾向于看到生活的陰暗面,那么我把它歸結(jié)為這樣一個(gè)事實(shí):對(duì)我來說本應(yīng)是幸??鞓返耐陼r(shí)光是在養(yǎng)雞場(chǎng)度過的?!?,從中可以看出,作者本應(yīng)快樂的童年是在養(yǎng)雞場(chǎng)度過的,這讓他感到悲觀。因此,D項(xiàng)“多愁善感的、悲傷的”符合題意。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“充滿憤恨的、痛苦的”、B項(xiàng)“分離的、冷漠的”和C項(xiàng)“諷刺的、幽默的”由解題思路可知,這三項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文。
12.單選題
Thedoctorsdon’t(
)thatthepatientwilllivemuchlonger.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.monitor
B.manifest
C.articula
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