考研考博-英語-大同師范高等?？茖W(xué)?？荚囇侯}三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-大同師范高等?？茖W(xué)校考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Wedonothavea（）schoolinourinstitute.ThehighestdegreeweprovideforthestudentsisaB.A.andaB.S..

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.continue

B.bay

C.assistance

D.graduate

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。continue“繼續(xù)”；bay“海灣”；assistance“援助，幫助”；graduateschool“研究生院”。句意：我們學(xué)校沒有研究生院，我們?yōu)閷W(xué)生提供的最高學(xué)位是文學(xué)學(xué)士和理學(xué)學(xué)士。D項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.單選題

Globalizationisaphenomenonandarevolution.Itissweepingtheworldwithincreasingspeedandchangingthegloballandscapeintosomethingnewanddifferent.Yet,likeallsuchtrends,itsmeaning,development,andimpactpuzzlemany.Wetalkaboutglobalizationandexperienceitseffects,butfewofusreallyunderstandtheforcesthatareatworkintheglobalpoliticaleconomy.

Whenpeopleusetheircellphones,logontotheInternet,vieweventsfromaroundtheworldonlivetelevision,andexperiencevaryingculturesintheirownbackyards,theybegintobelievethatthisprocessofglobalizationisagoodthingthatwillbringavarietyofnewandsophisticatedchangestopeople’slives.Manyaspectsofthistechnologicalrevolutionbringfun,ease,andsophisticationtopeople’sdailylives.Yettheanti-WorldTradeOrganization(WTO)protestsinSeattle,Washingtonin1999andWashington,D.C.in2000aregraphicillustrationsofthefactthatnoteveryonebelievesthatglobalizationisagoodthing.ManyAmericanswhohavefeltleftoutoftheglobaleconomicboom,aswellasLatinAmericans,Africans,andAsianswhofeelthattheirjobskillsandabilitiesarebeingexploitedbymultinationalcorporations(MNCs)inaglobaldivisionoflabor,believethatthissystemdoesnotmeettheirneeds.LocalculturesthatbelievethatWal-MartandMcDonald’sbringingculturalchangeandharmratherthaninexpensiveproductsandconveniencecriticizetheprocess.Inthisway,globalization,likeallrevolutionaryforces,polarizespeople,altersthefabricoftheirlives,andcreatesriftswithinandbetweenpeople.

ManyintheWest,alongwiththeprominentandeliteamongMNCs,educators,andpolicymakers,seemtohaveembracedglobalization.Theyarguethatithelpstostreamlineeconomicsystems,disciplineslaborandmanagement,bringsforthnewtechnologiesandideas,andfuelseconomicgrowth.TheypointtotherelativeprosperityofmanyWesterncountriesandarguethatthisisproofofglobalization’spositiveeffects.Theyseelittleoftheproblemsthecriticsidentify.Infact,thosewhorecognizesomestructuralproblemsinthesystemarguethatdespitetheseissues,globalizationislikeacrossthedevelopingworld,viewglobalizationasaneconomicandculturalwavethattearsatthefabricofcenturies-oldsocieties.Theyseejobsemergingdisappearinginamatterofmonths,peoplemovingacrossthelandscapeinrecordnumbers,elitesamassinghugefortuneswhilelocalculturesandtraditionsaresweptaway,andlocalyouthbeingseducedbypromisesofAmericanmaterialwealthanddistancedfromtheirownculturalroots.Thesecriticslookpasttheallureofglobalizationandfocusonthedisquietingimpactofrapidandsystem-widechange.

Theironyofsuchafar-rangingandrapidhistoricalprocesssuchasglobalizationisthatbothproponentsandcriticsmayberight.Therealitiesofglobalizationarebothintriguingandalarming.Astechnologyandtheglobalinfrastructureexpand,ideas,methods,andservicesaredevelopedanddisseminatedtogreaterandgreaternumbersofpeople.Asaresult,societiesandvaluesarealtered,someforthebetterandothersfortheworse.

1.Theauthorcomplainsthat（）.

2.Theanti-worldTradeOrganizationprotestsindicatethat（）.

3.Likeallrevolutionaryforces,theprocessofglobalization（）.

4.Proponentsofglobalizationsingitspraisesonthebasisof（）.

5.Tocritics,theworstthingthatglobalizationhasbroughttousis（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fewofushaveaclearideaabouttheforcesbehindglobalpoliticaleconomy

B.globalizationisnowsweepingtheworldwithincreasingspeed

C.wearepuzzledbythetruemeaningofglobalization

D.toomanypeopleusecellphonestologontotheInternet

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.manypeoplefeelthattheyhavebeenleftout

B.theprocessofglobalizationbringsmorethanfun,easeandentertainment

C.noteveryoneisconvincedthatglobalizationisagoodthing

D.theendofglobalizationhasbecomemoregraphic

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.bringsinexpensiveproducts

B.createsdisagreementsbetweenpeople

C.leadstoculturalchangeandharm

D.artificesthelivesofpeople

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.newtechnologiesandideas

B.changingeconomicsystemsandmanagement

C.relativeprosperityofWesterncountries

D.thisinevitabletideofhistory

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thepromisesofAmericanmaterialwealth

B.therapidchangeinsocialsystem

C.thedisappearanceoflocalculturesandtraditions

D.theconstantmovementofpeopleacrossthelandscape

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段最后一句“butfewofusreallyunderstandtheforcesthatareatworkintheglobalpoliticaleconomy.”但很少有人真正了解在全球政治經(jīng)濟(jì)中起作用的力量。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

2.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“theanti-worldTradeOrganization”定位到第二段第三句“Yettheanti-WorldTradeOrganization(WTO)...thefactthatnoteveryonebelievesthatglobalizationisagoodthing.”反世貿(mào)組織的抗議活動(dòng)表明并非所有人都認(rèn)為全球化是一件好事。選項(xiàng)C與原文表述一致。

3.根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Inthisway,globalization,likeallrevolutionaryforces,polarizespeople,altersthefabricoftheirlives,andcreatesriftswithinandbetweenpeople.”全球化就像所有的革命力量一樣，使人民兩極分化，改變他們的生活結(jié)構(gòu)，并在人們內(nèi)部以及人與人之間制造裂痕。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.根據(jù)第三段第三句“TheypointtotherelativeprosperityofmanyWesterncountriesandarguethatthisisproofofglobalization’spositiveeffects.”他們指出，許多西方國(guó)家的相對(duì)繁榮證明了全球化的積極影響。選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Thesecriticslookpasttheallureofglobalizationandfocusonthedisquietingimpactofrapidandsystem-widechange.”批評(píng)人士認(rèn)為，快速的、全系統(tǒng)的社會(huì)變革帶來了令人不安的影響。也就是說，全球化導(dǎo)致了社會(huì)制度的迅速變化，使人們感到不安，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.單選題

Acenturyago,Freudformulatedhisrevolutionarytheorythatdreamswerethe______shadowsofourunconsciousdesiresandfears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.disclosed

B.created

C.disguised

D.distinguished

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)disclosed“揭露的”；B選項(xiàng)created“創(chuàng)造的”；C選項(xiàng)disguised“偽裝的”；D選項(xiàng)distinguished“辨別的”。句意：一個(gè)世紀(jì)前，弗洛伊德闡述了革命性的理論，即夢(mèng)是人們潛意識(shí)中欲望和恐懼……后的預(yù)示。A選項(xiàng)disclosed（揭露的）不符合題意，可排除。B選項(xiàng)created（創(chuàng)造的）不符合題意，可排除。C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Nowonderthatman’sgreatdreamhasbeensomedaytocontroltheweather.Thefirststep

A

B

towardcontrolis,ofcourse,knowledge,andscientistshavebeenhardatworkforyearstrying

C

tokeeptrackfortheweather.

D

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Nowonder

B.man’s

C.hardatwork

D.keeptrackfor

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。keeptrackof意為“了解，記錄，保持聯(lián)系”。

試題答案：D;keeptrackof

5.寫作題

Inthispart,youarerequiredtowriteanessayofnolessthan200wordsonInnovationConsciousnessofPh.D.StudentsinChina.Theessayshouldbebasedontheoutlinebelow:

1.1.Importanceofinnovationconsciousnessinresearchwork;

2.CurrentsituationofinnovationconsciousnessofPh.D.studentsinChina;

3.MeasurestoenhanceinnovationconsciousnessofPh.D.studentsinChina.

【答案】InnovationConsciousnessofPh.D.StudentsinChina

Chinaismarchingtowardaninnovativecountry.Innovationis,sotospeak,China’snationalspirit.Withoutinnovation,Chinawouldhavenofurtherdevelopment.Inotherwords,innovationcanpromoteChina’ssocialprogressandincreaseitsproductivity.ItssocialprogressandincreaseinproductivitydependtoalargeextentonscientificinnovationofitsPh.D.candidates.Ph.D.candidates’innovationconsciousnessplaysanimportantroleindoingtheirresearchworkwell.

ThereisnogainsayingthefactthattheoverwhelmingmajorityofPh.D.candidateswithinnovationconsciousnessinChinahaveputforwardalotofinnovativeviewpointsordevelopedplentyofinnovativeproducts,whichareundoubtedlyconducivetotheconstructionofoursocialistmodernization.Butfranklyspeaking,somePh.D.candidateslackinnovationconsciousness.TheytendtodowhattheyaretoldtodobytheirPh.D.supervisors.Theyrespecttheirsupervisorssomuchsothattheydonotdaretoenjoytoomuchacademicfreedom,tosaynothingofputtingforwardviewpointsquitedifferentfromtheirsupervisors’eveniftheirsarereasonable.Otherwise,theymayoffendtheirsupervisorsandmaynotbeallowedtoearntheirdoctor’sdegrees.SuchaphenomenonisundoubtedlybadforthecultivationofinnovationconsciousnessofPh.D.candidatesinChina.

HereI’dliketomakesomesuggestionsonhowtoenhanceinnovationconsciousnessofPh.D.candidatesinChina.Inthefirstplace,weshouldcreateexcellentacademicatmosphereforPh.D.candidates.Weshouldencouragethosewithacademiccouragetoproposecreativescientificideasconflictingwithorevenentirelycontrarytoold-fashionedones.Inthesecondplace,weshouldawardprizestoPh.D.candidateswhohavecreatedinnovativeproductsandtheirsupervisors.Lastbutnotleast,weshouldnotletthosewhohavenocreativeideasintheirdissertationsgettheirdoctor’sdegrees.

6.翻譯題

PutthefollowingintoChinese.

Tobereallyhappyandreallysafe,oneoughttohaveatleasttwoorthreehobbies,andtheymustallbereal.Itisnousestartinglateinlifetosay:“Iwilltakeaninterestinthisorthat.”Suchanattemptonlyaggravatesthestrainofmentaleffort.Amanmayacquiregreatknowledgeoftopicsunconnectedwithhisdailywork,andyethardlygetanybenefitorrelief.Itisnousedoingwhatyoulike;youhavegottolikewhatyoudo.Broadlyspeaking,humanbeingsmaybedividedintothreeclasses:thosewhoaretoiledtodeath,thosewhoareworriedtodeath,andthosewhoareboredtodeath.Itisnouseofferingthemanuallaborer,tiredoutwithahardweek’ssweatandeffort,thechanceofplayingagameoffootballorbaseballonSaturdayafternoon.Itisnouseinvitingthepoliticianortheprofessionalorbusinessman,whohasbeenworkingorworryingaboutseriousthingsforsixdays,toworkorworryabouttriflingthingsattheweekend.

【答案】要想獲得真正的快樂與安寧,一個(gè)人至少應(yīng)該有兩到三種業(yè)余愛好,而且必須是真正的愛好。到了晚年才說“我要培養(yǎng)這個(gè)或那個(gè)興趣”是無用的,這種嘗試只會(huì)増加精神上的負(fù)擔(dān)。一個(gè)人可以在自己工作之外的領(lǐng)域獲得淵博的知識(shí),不過他可能幾乎得不到什么收益或是放松。做你喜歡的事是沒用的,你必須喜歡你所做的事?？偟膩碚f,人可以分為三種：勞累而死的人、憂慮而死的人、和煩惱而死的人。對(duì)于那些體力勞動(dòng)者來說,經(jīng)歷了一周辛苦勞作已經(jīng)使他們精疲力盡,周六下午讓他們?nèi)ヌ咦闱蚧蚴谴虬羟蚴菦]有意義的。而對(duì)那些政治家、專業(yè)人士或者商人來說,他們已經(jīng)為棘手的事情操勞或煩惱六天了,周末再讓他們?yōu)楝嵤聞谏裢瑯雍翢o意義。

7.單選題

Severalloudspeakersare（）fromtheceilingandwecanhearthespeakerveryclearly.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.connected

B.winded

C.associated

D.suspended

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)辨析。connect“連接”；wind“纏繞”；associate“聯(lián)系”；suspend“延緩，推遲，使懸浮”。句意：天花板上（）一些擴(kuò)音器，我們可以很清楚地聽到演講者說話。擴(kuò)音器一般是懸浮在天花板上，故D項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Somecriminalswereprinting（）dollarbillsuntiltheywerearrested.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.decent

B.fake

C.patent

D.suspicious

【答案】B

【解析】句意:有些罪犯直到被逮捕吋還正在印刷偽造的美鈔。

考查形容詞辨析。decent像樣的，相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的，正派的，得體的，相當(dāng)好的；fake假的，偽造的，冒充的；patent專利的，顯然的；suspicious可疑的，懷疑的，多疑的。故B符合句意。

9.單選題

TherebirthofJapanfromtheruinsofWorldWarIIanditsracetotheyear2000isthethemeofRobertGuilian’snewbookTheJapaneseChallenge.Indevelopingthisprovocativesubject,hehasproduced,practically,amanualthatwillbeextremelyhelpfultoanyonedoingbusinesswiththeJapanese.Itisparticularlyrecommendedforthefirst-timevisitortotheLandoftheRisingSun.

TheanalysisoftheadvanceofmodernJapanoverthepast100yearssincetheMeijieragivesamostpenetratinginsightintothebackgroundandforcesthathavebroughtthisfascinatingcountrytowhereshenowisthethirdeconomicpowerintheworlD.WillJapanbecomenumberonebytheyear2000?ThisisthecontroversialquestionGuilianattemptstoanswer,andwhiledoingsounfoldsacompositechronicleofthefactorsthathavecontributedtoJapan'samazinggrowthoverthepasttwentyyears,andthatwillsupportthedrivetowardtheobjectivesofthenextthirtyyears.

Mr.GuilianistheFarEasternrepresentativeofLeMonde,andexhibitsanintimateknowledgeoftheJapanesepeopleandthereasonsfortheirfanaticaldevotiontothedoctrineofthepasttwodecades;economicgrowthaboveallelse.However,itfailstogivefullrecognitiontorecenteventsthattendstoquestiontheeasewithwhichtheracewillberunintheeightiesandnineties.Japanisgoingthroughanevolution.WereadincurrentnewspapersabouttheJapanesehousewifeforsakinghertraditionalimageofdocility,andobjectingtoprices,quality,andservice.TheJapaneseworker,whoisbecomingmoreoffbeathasreachedthepointwherehenolongerwantstoacceptalowstandardofliving;evenJapaneseengineershavenowbeenorganizedintocollectivebargaininggroups.Japaniscaughtupinthespiralofwagesrisingmorerapidlythanproductivity,andJapanoftheManagersfacesseveretestastowhetheraneconomicslowdownwillprevailortheracewillcontinueatthesameunabatedpace.

Mr.GuilianexplainshowtheGovernmentoftheManagershasreplacedtheGovernmentoftheGenerals,andhasbeenabletomaintainthenationalpolicyofindustrialexpansionandachieved"greatnesswithoutthebomb.”TheManagersareconvincedthatinthefuturetheonlyrealpowerwillbeeconomicpower,andthatJapancannotwasteitsstrengthinmilitarybattlesorarmamentraces.

Hecreditstheleadersoftheeconomywithearlyrecognitionofthefactthatwewillbebilgedtoliveinaworldthathasbeenradicallychangedbytherevolutionofthehighlyscientificindustriessuchasthepetrochemicalfieldandtheyquicklydevotedtheresourcescededforexpansioninthesecapital-hungryindustries.

HedelvesintothedaringandunorthodoxfinancialmethodsusedbytheManagersandtheadventurousspiritofthebankerswhoarebackedbytheBankofJapan.Thesepoliciessupportedtherapidacquisitionofthelatestpatents,processes,andequipment,andthebuildingofthemostmodernfactoriesandplant.Thishasresultedinleadershipinmanysegmentsofindustrysuchasjournalism,masstourism,transportation,steel,ship-building,electronics,television,radio,cameras,watches,plastics,motorcycles,andperhapsonthehorizon”automobiles.ItisinterestingtouschemicalengineersandchemiststhatMr.Guilianreferstohugeethyleneproductioncenterswiththeirenormoustowersandmetalspheresas"thenewshrinesoftheJapanoftheyear2000,theprodigioustemplesofthegodindustry.”

TheJapaneseChallengeisrecommendedreadingforthoseseekinganunderstandingofJapan,itshistory,politics,foreignpolicy,defensestrategy,relationswithRedChinaandRussia,Zaikai(bigbusinessgroups),financialinstitutions,tradingcompaniesmanagersunions,educationalstandards,wagestructure,technologicaldevelopments,andthepeoplethemselvesthatkeepthe"bicycleeconomy"pressingonwardintheeconomicrace.

1.Thisarticle（）.

2.Thereviewer'sattitudetowardsthebookis（）.

3.Accordingtotheauthorofthisarticle（）.

4.Accordingtothewriterofthebookthegreatnesswithoutbombwillbeachieved（）.

5.Whatisprobablymeantby“bicycleeconomy”?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.iswrittenbyRobertGuilian.

B.iswrittenbyMartinM.Ramer.

C.istranslatedfromFrenchbyPatrickO'Brian.

D.iswrittenbyRobertGuilian,translatedbyPatrickO5BrianandreviewedbyMartinM.Ramer.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.skeptical

B.doubtful

C.thatofapproval

D.indifferent

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.productivityinJapanisdevelopingmorequicklythanthewageraise

B.thewageraiseandproductivityaredevelopingatthesamespeed.

C.thewageraisesurpassestheproductiongrowth.

D.economicdevelopmentwillseeaslowdowninthefutureinJapan.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.througheconomicdevelopmentattheexpenseofarmament

B.througheconomicdevelopmentinaccordancewitharmament

C.throughthereplacementofthemilitarygovernmentbythegovernmentofmanagers

D.throughtheimplementationofcorrectpolicyineconomicdevelopment

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thedevelopmentofbicycleindustry

B.keepingthebalanceintheeconomicrace

C.forgingaheadintheeconomicrace

D.independenceandself-relianceineconomicdevelopment

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。通過題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到原文第一句“TherebirthofJapanfromtheruinsofWorldWarIIanditsracetotheyear2000isthethemeofRobertGuilian’snewbookTheJapaneseChallenge.”中文翻譯：日本從第二次世界大戰(zhàn)廢墟中的重生及其到2000年的競(jìng)賽，這是羅伯特?吉利安新書《日本的挑戰(zhàn)》的主題。因此答案為選項(xiàng)A。

2.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。通過題干定位到原文最后一段“TheJapaneseChallengeisrecommendedreadingforthoseseekinganunderstandingof...”，中文翻譯：對(duì)于那些尋求理解……的人，《日本的挑戰(zhàn)》推薦閱讀。可知最佳答案為C選項(xiàng)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容定位到文章“Japaniscaughtupinthespiralofwagesrisingmorerapidlythanproductivity.”，中文翻譯：日本正處于工資增長(zhǎng)速度超過生產(chǎn)率的螺旋上升中?？芍鸢高x擇C“工資增長(zhǎng)超過了生產(chǎn)增長(zhǎng)”。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞greatnesswithoutthebomb定位到文章Mr.GuilianexplainshowtheGovernmentoftheManagershasreplacedtheGovernmentoftheGenerals,andhasbeenabletomaintainthenationalpolicyofindustrialexpansionandachieved"greatnesswithoutthebomb.”TheManagersareconvincedthatinthefuturetheonlyrealpowerwillbeeconomicpower,andthatJapancannot,wasteitsstrengthinmilitarybattlesorarmamentraces。中文翻譯為：吉利安先生解釋了管理人的政府是如何取代將軍政府的，以及如何能一直維持國(guó)家的工業(yè)擴(kuò)張政策，實(shí)現(xiàn)“沒有戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的偉大”。管理者們相信，未來唯一的真正實(shí)力將是經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力，日本不能在軍事戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)或軍備競(jìng)賽中浪費(fèi)自己的力量?？芍?，D項(xiàng)符合題目描述。

5.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到原文“thepeoplethemselvesthatkeepthe‘bicycleeconomy’pressingonwardintheeconomicrace.”中文翻譯為：那些在經(jīng)濟(jì)競(jìng)賽中繼續(xù)推動(dòng)“自行車經(jīng)濟(jì)”奮力向前的人。綜合可知。C選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

10.單選題

Beingborninthesummercouldgiveyouasunnydispositionforlife.Andawinterbirthdaymightcastapermanentshadow______yourhappiness,scientistsbelieve.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.through

B.cross

C.beneath

D.over

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。castapermanentshadowover…“給……投上陰影；使減弱”。句意：出生在夏天可以給你的生活一個(gè)陽光的性格。科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為，冬季的生日可能會(huì)給你的幸福蒙上永久的陰影。因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

11.單選題

Weexpecthimto（

）hispromise.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.carryoff

B.carryout

C.carrythrough

D.carryabout

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我們希望他能夠履行諾言。

考查短語辨析。carryoff奪去，獲得;carryout貫徹,執(zhí)行;carrythrough貫徹,完成;carryabout隨身攜帶。故B符合句意。

12.填空題

MrAmescan’tcometothephone.He’stalkingtoaclientatthe（1）.

Couldyoucall（2）

（3）twentyminutes?

【答案】1.moment

2.back

3.in

【解析】1.固定搭配。Atthemoment現(xiàn)在。

2.固定搭配。Callback回電話。

3.語義題。此處表示二十分鐘后。

13.單選題

Therewerebitterdisputesoverpatentrightsduringtheearlyyearsofthemotionpictureindustry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.scandals

B.disappointment

C.strikes

D.disagreements

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。dispute表示“爭(zhēng)議”。A項(xiàng)scandal“丑聞，流言蜚語”，B項(xiàng)disappointment“失望，沮喪”，C項(xiàng)strike“罷工，抗拒”，D項(xiàng)disagreement“不一致，爭(zhēng)論”；句意：在電影工業(yè)的早期，有過關(guān)于專利權(quán)的激烈爭(zhēng)論。根據(jù)句意該題選D。

14.單選題

Hecarriedtheparcelhomehimself,buthe（）so,theshopcouldhavesentit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.didnotneedtodo

B.needn’thavedone

C.mustnothavedone

D.couldn’thavedone

【答案】B

【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)didnotneedtodo“（過去）沒必要/不需要做這事”，B選項(xiàng)needn'thavedone，need情態(tài)動(dòng)詞就完成時(shí)表示“本來無必要做這事（卻做了）”，C選項(xiàng)mustnothavedone“禁止這樣做”；mustnot表示禁止，語氣強(qiáng)硬，一般情況下后面不跟動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)態(tài)，D選項(xiàng)couldn’thavedone“不能做這事(但做了)，”句意：他自己把包裹帶回家，但他_______，商店可以把包裹寄給他。句子表達(dá)的意思是商店可以把包裹寄給他，所以他過去沒必要自己搬回包裹，表示過去沒必要做，但是做了的事情，所以本題的正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

15.單選題

Inspiteofthe（

）economicforecasts,manufacturingoutputhasrisenslightly.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.gloomy

B.miserable

C.shadowy

D.obscure

【答案】A

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。gloomy“慘淡”miserable“悲慘的，痛苦的”；shadowy“模糊的”；obscure“晦澀的，不清楚的”。inspiteof表示轉(zhuǎn)折，句子意思為：盡管經(jīng)濟(jì)前景不景氣，但是制造業(yè)的產(chǎn)量略有上漲。選項(xiàng)A符題意。

16.問答題

Neverbeforehasflyingbeensocontroversial.Inthespaceoftwoyears,theenvironmentaldamagedonebyplaneshasgonefrombeingsomethingquietlydiscussedbyscientistsandcommittedenvironmentalists,toaheadline-grabbingissuenoonecanignore.

Eventhosewhoflyonceortwiceayearonholidaycan’thelpbutfeelagrowingsenseofguilt,whilethoseoptingfortripsbycar,trainorferryhaveaself-righteousspringintheirsteps.

(1)Now,however,thebacklashisbeginning.Thetourismandaviationindustriesaremobilizing,andpointingoutsomeawkwardfacts.Didyouknowthatsomeferriesemitfarmorecarbondioxidethansomeplanes?Thatdrivingcanreleasetwiceasmuchcarbonasflying?AnewreportfromBalpa,thepilot’sunion,evenclaimsthatplanescanbebetterthantrain.

(2)WhiletherearethecampaignerswhoplottheircampatHeathrowtoprotesttheairtravel,inKenyaplansarebeingdrawnupforaverydifferentcamp.LookingoutfromacliffoverthedesertsofSamburulandisastunninghotel,theO1MaloEco-Lodge.Revenuefromthesmallnumberofvisitingtouristshasallowedthe5,000acresaroundittobetransformedfromover-grazedcattleranchtoaconservationsite.MoreimpressivestillistheO1Maloeyeproject.Upto80percentofadultsintheareasuffersightloss,sotheO1MaloTrustrunsregularsurgicalcamps,bringingdoctorsfromtheUKtotreatthem.InJanuary,thecampgave102peoplebacktheirsight.“It’sverysimple—allofourvisitorsflyhere,”saidJuliaFrancombe,thefounder.“Iftheystoppedcoming,itwouldkillus.”

Onethingonwhichallsidesagreeisthataviationisbooming,soitbecomescrucialtodevelopnewandlesspollutingaircraft.Airbus’sclaimthatitcansavetheworldwiththeA380maybefar-fetched,butits(3)“gentlegiant”planeisfarmoreefficientandquieterthanthoseof20yearsago.

Someenvironmentalists,however,scorntheseadvances,sayingsuchmeasuresarea(4)“delusion.”“Theaviationindustryislikelytovastlyoverstatethegainsthatcanbemadefromtechnologicalimprovementsbutsadlyaclimatefriendlyplaneisn’tonthehorizon,”saysEmilyArmisteadofGreenpeace.

(5)Sothequestionis:whodoyoubelieve?

【答案】答：

1.Thepollutioncausedbyothertraffictoolsisbeginningtoincrease.

2.Ononehand,campaignerswhoplottheircampinEnglandaimtoagainsttheairtravel;Ontheotherhand,theothercampsinKenyademonstratethenecessityofflying.

3.bassandlarge-scale

4.vainattempttowardairpollutantproblems

5.Thequestionistodecidewhichsidedoyousupport.

【解析】1.原句句意是：然而，現(xiàn)在反彈開始了。結(jié)合上下文句意分析，上文提到飛機(jī)造成環(huán)境破壞已經(jīng)成為了一個(gè)頭條新聞，而那些選擇開車、乘火車或渡輪旅行的人則有一種自以為是的春天；接著第三段提到一些渡輪排放的二氧化碳比一些飛機(jī)排放的要多得多，由此可知backlash指的是除飛機(jī)以外的交通工具污染開始得到人們的關(guān)注。故改寫為Thepollutioncausedbyothertraffictoolsisbeginningtoincrease（其他交通工具造成的污染也開始增加）。

2.原句句意是：雖然有一些活動(dòng)人士在希思羅機(jī)場(chǎng)設(shè)立營(yíng)地來抗議肯尼亞的航空旅行，在肯尼亞，人們正在制定一個(gè)截然不同的營(yíng)地計(jì)劃。希思羅機(jī)場(chǎng)是英國(guó)的，所以可以將therearethecampaignerswhoplottheircampatHeathrow改寫為campaignerswhoplottheircampinEngland（策劃在英國(guó)扎營(yíng)的活動(dòng)人士）；另外，肯尼亞的人們制定一個(gè)截然不同的營(yíng)地計(jì)劃，通過“averydifferent”可知，這個(gè)計(jì)劃是和抗議肯尼亞的航空旅行相反的，所以inKenyaplansarebeingdrawnupforaverydifferentcamp可以改寫為theothercampsinKenyademonstratethenecessityofflying（肯尼亞的其他營(yíng)地證明了飛行的必要性）。

3.這一句的句意是：空客聲稱它可以用A380拯救世界的說法可能有些牽強(qiáng)，但是它的“溫柔的巨型”飛機(jī)比20年前的飛機(jī)效率更高，噪音更小。Gentlegiant帶引號(hào)，這是一種比喻的說法，是用來修飾后面的plane（飛機(jī)），gentle原意是“溫和的”，根據(jù)語境這里是表示“噪音小，聲音低”，giant原意是“巨大的”，這里是表示飛機(jī)“體積大”，所以改寫為bassandlarge-scale（低音和大規(guī)模）。

4.這一句的句意是：然而，一些環(huán)保主義者鄙視這些進(jìn)步，稱這些措施是一種“妄想”。由此可知delusion表示“妄想”，所以可以改寫為vainattempt（妄想）；另外為了細(xì)化句子的意思，添加towardairpollutantproblems（針對(duì)空氣污染問題）用來起補(bǔ)充說明的作用。

5.原句句意是：所以問題是：你相信誰？這一句是文章的總結(jié)句，整篇文章就飛機(jī)造成環(huán)境污染的問題的爭(zhēng)論，對(duì)正反兩個(gè)陣營(yíng)進(jìn)行闡述，最后一句的意思就是“你支持哪一種說法”，所以可以改寫為Thequestionistodecidewhichsidedoyousupport（問題是你決定支持哪一方）。

17.單選題

Inrecentyears,teachersofintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudieshavebeenfacingadilemmanonexistentafewdecadesago,whenhardlyanytextsinthatfieldwereavailable.Today,excellentanthologies（文選）andotherintroductorytextsexist,andbooksonindividualAsianAmeri-cansarepublishedalmostweekly.Evenprofessorswhoareexpertsinthefieldfinditdifficulttode-cidewhichofthesetoassigntostudents；non-expertswhoteachinrelatedareasandarelookingforwritingsforandbyAsianAmericantoincludeinsurveycoursesareinanevenworseposition.

Acomplicatingfactorhasbeenthecontinuinglackofspecializedone-volumereferenceworksonAsianAmericans,suchasbiographicaldictionariesordesktopencyclopedias.Suchworkswouldena-blestudentstakingAsianAmericanstudiescourses（andprofessorsinrelatedfields）tolookupbasicinformationonAsianAmericanindividuals,institutions,history,andculturewithouthavingtowadethrough（費(fèi)力地閱讀冗長(zhǎng)或艱深的材料）mountainsofprimarysourcematerial.Inaddition,given

suchworks,AsianAmericanstudiesprofessorsmightfeelmorefreetoincludemorechallengingAsianAmericanmaterialintheirintroductoryreadinglists,sincegoodreferenceworksallowstudentstoac-quireontheirownthebackgroundinformationnecessarytointerpretdifficultorunfamiliarmaterial.

1.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

2.The“dilemma”(Line2，Para.1)canbestbecharacterizedasbeingcausedbythenecessitytomakeachoicewhenfacedwitha（）

3.Biographicaldictionariesanddesktopencyclopediasare（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisimpliedabouttheintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudiesafewdecadesago?

5.Accordingtothepassage,theexistenceofgoodone-volumereferenceworksaboutAsianAmeri-canscouldresultin（）

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.respondingtoacriticism

B.describingacourseofstudy

C.discussingaproblem

D.evaluatingapastcourseofaction

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.lackofacceptablealternatives

B.lackofstrictstandardsforevaluatingalternatives

C.preponderanceofbadalternativesascomparedtogood

D.multitudeofdifferentalternatives

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.primarysourcematerials

B.introductorytexts

C.excellentanthologies

D.referencematerials

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Therangeofdifferenttextbooksthatcouldbeassignedforsuchwasextremelylimited.

B.Thetextsassignedasreadingsinsuchcourseswereoftennotverychallengingforstudents.

C.Studentsoftencomplainedaboutthetextsassignedtothem,insuchcourses.

D.Suchcourseswereofferedonlyatschoolswhoselibrarieswererichinprimarysources.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.increasedagreementamongprofessorsofAsianAmericanstudiesregardingthequalityofthesourcesavailableintheirfield

B.anincreaseinthenumberofstudentssighingupforintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudies

C.increasedaccuracyinwritingsthatconcernAsianAmericanhistoryandculture

D.theinclusionofawiderrangeofAsianAmericanmaterialinintroductoryreadinglistsinAsi-anAmericanstudies

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨題。本文主要講述了亞美研究中教授基礎(chǔ)課程的老師一直面臨著不知道向?qū)W生推薦哪本教科書的困境。因此C項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段指出：Evenprofessorswhoareexpertsinthefieldfinditdifficulttodecidewhichofthesetoassigntostudents（即使是這個(gè)領(lǐng)域的專家也很難推薦教科書），因此，D項(xiàng)“面臨多種選擇的困境”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“Biographicaldictionariesanddesktopencyclopedias”定位至第二段：Acomplicatingfactorhasbeenthecontinuinglackofspecializedo