考研考博-英語-南方醫(yī)科大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南方醫(yī)科大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Islifetodaymoredangerousthanitusedtobe?Itcertainlyseemsthatway.LastweektheentireMetrosysteminWashingtonhadtoclosedownbecausesomeonemightbeblownontothetracksduringahurricane.ThisweekchildreninWashingtonwerenotallowedtogotoschoolforawholedaybecausestreetswereblockedbyfallentreesandpowerlines,andtrafficlightsatsomeintersectionsweren’tworking.Apreviousgenerationmighthavewalkedaroundthefallentreesandlookedbothwaysbeforecrossingthestreet,butthechildrenofthisgenerationclearlyliveinamuchmoredangerousworld,andweneedtoprotectthem.

Aftersomeseriousaircrashes,thousandsofpeopleinthiscountrysworeoffairplanesandbegandrivingcars.Infact,thenumberofdeathsonU.S.highwaysinatypicalyearismorethandoublethenumberofpeoplewhohavediedinallcommercialairplaneaccidentsinthepast40years.Bytakingtheprecautionofnotflying,manypeopledied.

Therearesomeclearpsychologicalexplanationsforsomeofthis.Itisafact,forexample,thatpeoplefearman-madedisasters(terrorism)farmorethantheyfearnaturaldisasters(hurricanes,snowstorms),evenwhenthelatteraremoredangerous.Equallyillogical,peoplearealsomoreafraidofthingstheydonotcontrol,whichiswhydrivingacardoesfeelsaferthanflyinginanairplane.Finally—althoughIhavenoproof—peoplearedisproportionatelyfrightenedbythingstheyreadaboutinthenewspaper.Bycontrast,theyaredisproportionatelywillingtodiscounttheevidenceoftheirownexperience.Ifyoulookaroundyourneighborhood,you’llnoticethatthewaterisclean—whichitwouldn’tnecessarilyhavebeen100yearsago—andthatthefoodisn’trottenorstale.Mostchildrenaren’tdyingyoung.Mostadultsaren’tdyinginmiddleage.

LifeisfarsaferandlastsmuchlongerfortheaverageAmericanthaniteverhasforjustaboutanybodyatanyothertimeinhumanhistory.Butnowthatwe’veeliminatedmostofthethingsthatthehumanraceoncefeared,we’vejustinventednewonestoreplacethem.

1.ChildreninWashingtonarenotallowedtogotoschoolforthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT________.

2.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatthepreviousgeneration________.

3.Itisindicatedinthepassagethatinthepast________.

4.Theauthorbelievesthat________.

5.Thetoneoftheauthorinwritingthepassageis________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fallentrees

B.fallenpowerlines

C.acominghurricane

D.brokentrafficlights

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.knewbetterhowtoavoiddanger

B.livedinalessdangerousworld

C.wasbetteratprotectingthemselves

D.waslessfussyaboutdangers

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.lifewasmoreenjoyable

B.waterwaslesscleanandfresh

C.foodswereofbettertasteandquality

D.streetsweresaferforchildrentocross

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.peopleareoverreactingtodangersnowadays

B.peoplehavegoodreasonstofearthedangerstoday

C.flyingismoredangerousaftersomeseriousaircrashes

D.childrenshouldbebetterprotectedagainstdangers

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.complaining

B.depressing

C.factual

D.ironic

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“ChildreninWashington”定位到原文第一段第三句ThisweekchildreninWashingtonwerenotallowedtogotoschoolforawholedaybecausestreetswereblockedbyfallentreesandpowerlines,andtrafficlightsatsomeintersectionsweren’tworking.（這周居住在華盛頓地區(qū)的孩子一整天都不準(zhǔn)去學(xué)校，因?yàn)榈缆繁淮档沟牡臉溥€有電線桿封住了，而且一些十字路口的交通信號(hào)燈壞了），從這里可以看出孩子不準(zhǔn)去學(xué)校的原因是因?yàn)榇档沟臉浜碗娋€桿以及壞掉的燈，這里選擇的是不屬于停學(xué)的原因，所以A選項(xiàng)“倒在路邊的大樹”，B“倒在路邊的電線桿”，D“壞掉的交通信號(hào)燈”排除；而且第一段第二句話LastweektheentireMetrosysteminWashingtonhadtoclosedownbecausesomeonemightbeblownontothetracksduringahurricane.（上周華盛頓整個(gè)地鐵系統(tǒng)都不得不被關(guān)閉，因?yàn)槟承┤嗽谂_(tái)風(fēng)來襲時(shí)可能會(huì)被吹到軌道里），從這里可以看出臺(tái)風(fēng)在上周就來了，不可能到了這周還是一個(gè)將要來（coming）的狀態(tài)，所以答案是C選項(xiàng)“即將到來的龍卷風(fēng)”。

第2題:推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“previousgeneration”定位到文章第一段最后一句話Apreviousgenerationmighthavewalkedaroundthefallentreesandlookedbothwaysbeforecrossingthestreet,butthechildrenofthisgenerationclearlyliveinamuchmoredangerousworld,andweneedtoprotectthem.（前面一代人可能會(huì)走過大樹倒地的街道，然后在穿過馬路的時(shí)候看看兩邊會(huì)不會(huì)有車，但是這一代年輕人顯然生活在一個(gè)更危險(xiǎn)的世界，我們需要提供保護(hù)）以及最后一段第一句話LifeisfarsaferandlastsmuchlongerfortheaverageAmericanthaniteverhasforjustaboutanybodyatanyothertimeinhumanhistory.（我們生活在更加安全的世界并且對(duì)于普通美國人來說，我們會(huì)比人類歷史上任何時(shí)代里的任何人都要活的更久。），這兩句話相對(duì)應(yīng)我們就可以知道并不是B選項(xiàng)“以前人們生活的時(shí)代更加愜意”，也不是C選項(xiàng)“他們更懂得保護(hù)自己或更懂得避險(xiǎn)”，而是以前的人們不那么在意風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的存在。所以答案是D選項(xiàng)“街道更加安全，行人可以更加放心地通過”。A選項(xiàng)“我們的前一代人更知道怎么避險(xiǎn)”文章沒有提及。

第3題:主旨大意題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“inthepast”定位到文章第三段最后兩句話“Ifyoulookaroundyourneighborhood,you’llnoticethatthewaterisclean—whichitwouldn’tnecessarilyhavebeen100yearsago—andthatthefoodisn’trottenorstale.Mostchildrenaren’tdyingyoung.Mostadultsaren’tdyinginmiddleage.（環(huán)顧四周，你會(huì)注意到水是清澈的——這在一百年前是不可能的，食物是新鮮的。大部分孩子不會(huì)夭折。很多成年人也不會(huì)在壯年的時(shí)候去世）”在過去——食物可能不新鮮，水也不會(huì)比現(xiàn)在清澈，所以B選項(xiàng)“水不那么清澈新鮮”正確，C“食物更加可口”錯(cuò)誤；A選項(xiàng)“生活更加愜意”文中并沒有提及所以排除；根據(jù)最后一段第一句話LifeisfarsaferandlastsmuchlongerfortheaverageAmericanthaniteverhasforjustaboutanybodyatanyothertimeinhumanhistory.（我們生活在更加安全的世界并且對(duì)于普通美國人來說，我們會(huì)比人類歷史上任何時(shí)代里的任何人都要活的更久。），D選項(xiàng)“過去的街道會(huì)比現(xiàn)在的要安全”這種說法文章中沒有提及。

第4題:推理判斷題。由題干，我們定位到文章第二段第二，三，四句話Itisafact,forexample,thatpeoplefearman-madedisasters(terrorism)farmorethantheyfearnaturaldisasters(hurricanes,snowstorms),evenwhenthelatteraremoredangerous.Equallyillogical,peoplearealsomoreafraidofthingstheydonotcontrol,whichiswhydrivingacardoesfeelsaferthanflyinginanairplane.Finally—althoughIhavenoproof—peoplearedisproportionatelyfrightenedbythingstheyreadaboutinthenewspaper.（這是事實(shí)，例如，人們對(duì)人為災(zāi)害（恐怖主義）的恐懼遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過對(duì)自然災(zāi)害（颶風(fēng)、暴風(fēng)雪）的恐懼，即使后者更為危險(xiǎn)。同樣不合邏輯的是，人們也更害怕他們無法控制的東西，這就是為什么開車確實(shí)感覺比坐飛機(jī)更安全。最后——盡管我沒有證據(jù)——人們會(huì)被報(bào)紙上讀到的東西嚇壞。）從文章中的illogical（不符合邏輯的），disproportionately（不成比例的）兩個(gè)詞可知，作者認(rèn)為人們對(duì)危險(xiǎn)的反應(yīng)有點(diǎn)過激，其實(shí)沒有充足的理由來害怕這些，所以A選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在人們對(duì)危險(xiǎn)的反應(yīng)過激”正確，B選項(xiàng)“人們有充足的理由害怕這些”錯(cuò)誤；C選項(xiàng)“在飛機(jī)失事后乘飛機(jī)出行變得更加危險(xiǎn)”，飛機(jī)失事的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)并不會(huì)因?yàn)槌霈F(xiàn)了事故而增加或者降低，出現(xiàn)事故后增加的只是人們的憂慮；根據(jù)最后一段第一句話LifeisfarsaferandlastsmuchlongerfortheaverageAmericanthaniteverhasforjustaboutanybodyatanyothertimeinhumanhistory.（我們生活在更加安全的世界并且對(duì)于普通美國人來說，我們會(huì)比人類歷史上任何時(shí)代里的任何人都要活的更久。），作者是認(rèn)為世界更加安全的，所以孩子不需要額外增加保護(hù)的，D選項(xiàng)“孩子們應(yīng)該更好的保護(hù)起來從而對(duì)抗風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”錯(cuò)誤。

第5題:觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。A選項(xiàng)“抱怨”；B選項(xiàng)“壓抑”；C選項(xiàng)“真實(shí)”；D選項(xiàng)“諷刺”。根據(jù)題意我們定位到文章第一段最后第一句話butthechildrenofthisgenerationclearlyliveinamuchmoredangerousworld,andweneedtoprotectthem.（但這一代的孩子顯然生活在一個(gè)更加危險(xiǎn)的世界里，我們需要保護(hù)他們）和最后一段第一句話LifeisfarsaferandlastsmuchlongerfortheaverageAmericanthaniteverhasforjustaboutanybodyatanyothertimeinhumanhistory.（我們生活在更加安全的世界并且對(duì)于普通美國人來說，我們會(huì)比人類歷史上任何時(shí)代里的任何人都要活的更久。）這里對(duì)比，如果按照正常的邏輯考慮，作者的話是前后矛盾的，所以作者的語氣是諷刺的，答案選D。

2.翻譯題

Francehasastrongregionalidentity.WhenaFrenchmantalksof”monpays"（mycountry）,heismorelikelytobereferringtotheareainwhichhegrewupthantothenationasawhole.SoNormandy（諾曼底）remainsresolutelyNorman.Brittany（布列塔尼）defiantlyBreton,andthevillagesofthesouthdecidedlycontrary.

Andbecauseofthislocalsenseofbeing,thebakerfromanotherregionbeyondthehillswillberegardedasmuchofaforeignerasthewelcomevisitorfromoverseas,clutchingaguidebook.Andregionalprideguaranteesthatshopkeepers,restaurateursandeventheoldmanplayingpetanque（滾球游戲）onadustyvillagesquarewillupgradethewelcometoanystrangerifonlytoprovethattheirregionistheonlytrueFrance.

You'llsoondiscoverthat,asmuchasthelandscape,itisthelocalfoodthatdefineseachregionofFrance.Chanceencountersaresometimesthebest一comingacrossastrawberryfairinthenorth,oranolivemarketinthesouth;happeninguponmonkstendingtheirvinesinawalledclos（莊園）fillingcuppedpalmsandanysparebottleswithmineralwaterinaspa-resort（溫泉?jiǎng)俚兀?；orwatchingthemorningcatchspillontoaharborquayside（碼頭區(qū)）.

【答案】法國每個(gè)區(qū)域都有其強(qiáng)烈的特色。當(dāng)一個(gè)法國人談起“我的國家”，他很有可能指的是他所成長的區(qū)域，而非整個(gè)法國。因此諾曼底人一定會(huì)說起諾曼底區(qū)，布列塔尼人會(huì)直率的指出他是來自布列塔尼區(qū)，以及所有南方地區(qū)的村莊都是如此。

正因?yàn)閰^(qū)域意識(shí)的存在，從山的另一邊的區(qū)域而來的面包師會(huì)被當(dāng)?shù)厝水?dāng)作手持旅行指南的外國人，或是受歡迎的海外觀光客。區(qū)域的自豪感使得店主和飯店老板，甚至是正在滿是灰塵的廣場(chǎng)上玩滾球游戲的老人，都會(huì)增加對(duì)任何一個(gè)陌生人的歡迎程度，只要能證明他們所在的區(qū)域才是真正的法國。

你很快就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，和地圖一樣，每個(gè)地區(qū)的食物將每個(gè)地區(qū)區(qū)分開來。有時(shí)偶然碰上的反而是最好的！比如你在北部偶遇的草莓集市，或是在南部發(fā)現(xiàn)的橄欖集市；又比如碰巧在圍墻內(nèi)的莊園中遇見僧人正在照料葡萄藤，葡萄遍布在凹陷的棕櫚植物中間，或是品嘗了在溫泉?jiǎng)俚刂杏枚嘤嗟钠孔邮⒌牡V泉水；又比如你恰巧看到清晨在碼頭區(qū)打撈后的漏網(wǎng)之魚。

3.單選題

Pigeonisthecommonnameformembersofafamilyofbirds;smallerspeciesarecommonlyknownasdoves,butsizesofpigeonsanddoves().Thebirds,almostworldwideindistribution,aremostabundantinwarmregions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.surpass

B.transcend

C.overlap

D.join

【答案】C

【解析】句意：鴿子是鳥類的統(tǒng)稱;較小的種類通常被稱為鴿子，但是兩種鴿子的大小是差不多的。這種鳥類分布在世界各地，但大多都在溫暖地區(qū)。surpass超越，勝過；transcend超越，勝過；overlap重疊；join加入。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

4.單選題

Tobeginto（）thepollutioncausingclimatechange,citiesaroundtheworldneedtobemademoreefficient,adoptingmeasuresrangingfromreducingtheenergycostsofsanitationtoconstructingbuildingsthatwastelessenergy.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.mitigate

B.migrate

C.magnify

D.militate

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Mitigate“使緩和，減輕”；migrate“移居，移植”；magnify“放大，夸大”；militate“有影響，產(chǎn)生作用”。句意：要開始緩和氣候變化帶來的污染，全世界的城市都要提高效率，采取一系列措施，從降低衛(wèi)生設(shè)施的能源成本到建設(shè)能源節(jié)約型建筑。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.翻譯題

Directions:Forthispart,youaretotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.

中國的創(chuàng)新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃發(fā)展。為了在科學(xué)技術(shù)上盡快趕超世界發(fā)達(dá)國家，中國近年來大幅度增加了研究開發(fā)資金。中國的大學(xué)和研究所正在積極開展創(chuàng)新研究，這些研究覆蓋了從大數(shù)據(jù)到生物化學(xué)，從新能源到機(jī)器人等各類高科技領(lǐng)域。他們還與各地的科技園合作，使創(chuàng)新成果商業(yè)化。與此同時(shí)，無論在產(chǎn)品還是商業(yè)模式上，中國企業(yè)家也在努力爭(zhēng)做創(chuàng)新的先鋒，以適應(yīng)國內(nèi)外消費(fèi)市場(chǎng)不斷變化和增長的需求。

【答案】InnovationinChinaisboomingatanunprecedentedrate.Inordertocatchupwiththedevelopedcountriesinscienceandtechnologyassoonaspossible,Chinahasgreatlyincreaseditsresearchanddevelopmentfundinrecentyears.Theyarealsoworkingwithscienceandtechnologyparksaroundthecountrytocommercializetheirinnovations.Atthesametime,whetherinproductsorbusinessmodels,Chineseentrepreneursarestrivingtobepioneersininnovationtoadapttotheever-changingandgrowingneedsofdomesticandforeignconsumermarkets.

6.翻譯題

1.Whenyouareinthebusinessofsendingspacecrafttootherplanets,itisprobablywisetodoeverythingyoucantokeepyourspace-probessterile(無菌的).NASA,America’sspaceagency,certainlydoesso.Afterall,youwouldnotwanthugsfromoneplanettocontaminateanotherwheretheymightpossiblythrive.

ButaccordingtoCurtMileikowsky,oftheRoyalInstituteofTechnologyinStockholm,thismayalreadyhavehappenednaturallybillionsofyearsagowhenthesolarsystemwasyoung.ForDrMileikowskyhastakenacentury-oldideacalledpanspermia(有生源說),andshownthatitisplausible.

2.Panspermiaisthetheorythatlifedoesnotstartindependentlyoneachplanetthathasit(assumingthatotherplanetsdo).Rather,ithopsfromplacetoplace,“infecting”newworldsasitgoes.Supportedbyexpertsinbiology,geologyandcelestialmechanics,DrMileikowskyarguedtotheAmericanAstronomicalSocietymeetinginAtlantathatthisisnotasoutlandishasitsounds.

3.Bunglingspaceorganizationsapart,theonlymodeoftravelopentomicrobesseemstobemeteorites.Mostofthesearesmallbitsofjunkfromtheasteroid(小行星)beltthathavegoneoffcourse.Butsomearerocksthathavebeenflungintospacefromthesurfacesofplanetsasaresultofthoseplanetshavingbeenstruckbyevenlargerbitsofrock—decent—sizedasteroidsorcomets.

4.Ifthereislifeonsuchaplanet,microscopicformsofitwillprobablylivedeepinsiderocks,astheydoonearth.Theaccelerationoflift-offwouldnotkillsomethingthatsize.

5.Ifarockislargeenough,theheatgeneratedasitisthrownclearwillbenegligibleexceptatitssurface—where,ifanything,meltingmayevenproduceanairtightskintoprotectanymicrobesdeeperdownfromtheunpleasantvacuumofspace.

【答案】1.當(dāng)我們發(fā)射宇宙飛船到其他星球時(shí)，盡可能使太空探測(cè)器保持無菌狀態(tài)是明智的。美國國家航空航天局(NASA)肯定是這樣做。畢竟，我們不會(huì)希望一個(gè)星球的污染波及另一個(gè)它們可能繁衍的地方。

但根據(jù)斯德哥爾摩皇家理工學(xué)院的庫特?米里科夫斯基的說法，這可能在幾十億年前太陽系統(tǒng)還很年輕的時(shí)候就已經(jīng)自然發(fā)生了。因?yàn)閹焯?米里科夫斯基博士采用了一個(gè)有百年歷史的“有生源說”理論，并證明了它的合理性。

2.有生源說理論認(rèn)為，生命并非獨(dú)立起源于擁有生命的各個(gè)行星（假設(shè)其他行星上也有生命）。而是從一個(gè)地方彈跳似的傳播到另一個(gè)地方，每到一個(gè)新世界就將那里“感染”。在生物學(xué)、地質(zhì)學(xué)和天體力學(xué)方面的專家的支持下，庫特?米里科夫斯基博士在亞特蘭大舉行的美國天文學(xué)會(huì)會(huì)議上指出，這也并沒有聽起來那么奇怪。

3.除了空間組織混亂之外，向微生物開放的唯一通道似乎是隕石。其中大多數(shù)是小行星帶上的少量垃圾，它們已經(jīng)偏離航向。但是，有些巖石卻被行星表面拋入太空，這是因?yàn)檫@些行星被更大的小塊巖石撞擊，這些巖石是大小適中的小行星或彗星。

4.如果在這樣的行星上存在生命，那么它的微觀形式可能會(huì)像在地球上一樣生活在深部的內(nèi)部巖石中。加速起飛不會(huì)殺死那么大的東西。

5.如果一塊巖石足夠大，那么它扔出去時(shí)所產(chǎn)生的熱量是微不足道的，除了在它的表面，在任何地方融化可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生不透氣的皮膚，以保護(hù)更深層的微生物免受空間真空的傷害。

7.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.

Winnershavedifferentpotentials.Achievementisnotthemostimportantthing.Authenticityis.Theauthenticpersonexperiencestherealityofhimselfbyknowinghimself,beinghimself,andbecomingacredible,responsiveperson.Heactualizeshisownunprecedenteduniqueness,andappreciatestheuniquenessofothers.

Globalvaluechains,orGVCs,arenotanewphenomenon,buttheyhaveexpandedanddeepenedsignificantlyinrecentyears,offeringgreateropportunitiesfordevelopingcountriestointegrateintotheglobaleconomyatlowercosts.Improvementsincommunicationtechnologyanddecliningtransportationcostsworldwidehavemadeiteasierto“unbundle”tasksinternationally.

【答案】勝利者具備不同的潛力，成就不是最重要的方面，而是真誠。真誠的人了解自我，保持自我，從而體驗(yàn)到真實(shí)的自我，成為一個(gè)可信、感性的人。他實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己前所未有的特性，并贊賞他人的獨(dú)特之處。

全球價(jià)值鏈，簡稱GVC，并不是一種新現(xiàn)象，但是，近年來，它們已大大擴(kuò)大和深化，為發(fā)展中國家以更低的成本融入全球經(jīng)濟(jì)提供了更多的機(jī)會(huì)。全球通信技術(shù)的進(jìn)步和運(yùn)輸成本的下降使國際上更容易“分解”各項(xiàng)任務(wù)。

8.單選題

Thetwogovernmentsarecompletelyin______onthequestionsofpreservingpeace.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.paradox

B.accord

C.conversion

D.dissertation

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A項(xiàng)paradox“矛盾”，B項(xiàng)accord“符合，一致”，C項(xiàng)conversion“轉(zhuǎn)換”，D項(xiàng)dissertation“專題，論文”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息onthequestionsofpreservingpeace“在維護(hù)和平的問題上”，結(jié)合空格前面的in，可知填入accord符合語境，inaccord固定搭配，表示“符合，一致”。句意：兩國政府在維護(hù)和平的問題上意見完全一致。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Iamsurethatwithyourremarkableabilityandrichexperience,thecurrentsessionyou______overwillbeasuccess.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.presume

B.propel

C.preside

D.prick

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)presume“假定；推測(cè)；擅自；意味著”；B選項(xiàng)propel“推進(jìn)；驅(qū)使；激勵(lì)；驅(qū)策”；C選項(xiàng)preside“負(fù)責(zé)；主持”；D選項(xiàng)“戳；扎破；（使）感到刺痛”。根據(jù)固定搭配presideover“主持；執(zhí)掌；負(fù)責(zé)；管理”可知句意為：我相信，以你卓越的能力和豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，你主持的本屆會(huì)議將取得成功。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Thepresidentpointedoutthatacollegedegreehasneverbeenmore（）,withtheaveragetuitionatapublicfour-yearcollegeincreasingmorethan250%astheaveragestudentloandebthits$26,000.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.imaginative

B.expensive

C.sensitive

D.productive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。imaginative富于想象力的；expensive昂貴的；sensitive敏感的productive能生產(chǎn)的，多產(chǎn)的。由后半句“四年學(xué)費(fèi)上漲了250%”可知上大學(xué)的費(fèi)用比之前昂貴了，成本增加。故B項(xiàng)正確。句意：總統(tǒng)指出，獲得大學(xué)學(xué)位從來沒有像現(xiàn)在這樣昂貴，四年制公立大學(xué)的平均學(xué)費(fèi)上漲了超過250%，而學(xué)生貸款的平均債務(wù)達(dá)到26000美元。

11.單選題

Whenyoupackthepears,pleasebecarefulsothattheywon’tget（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bruised

B.blushed

C.injured

D.mature

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。bruise意為“撞傷，擦傷”；blush意為“臉紅，羞愧”；injure意為“(尤指在事故中)傷害，損害”；mature意為“成熟”。

句意：當(dāng)你打包梨子時(shí)，請(qǐng)小心點(diǎn)，不要把梨子摩擦壞了。

12.單選題

Aidedbytherecentabilitytoanalyzesamplesofairtrappedglaciers,scientistsnowhaveaclearerideaoftherelationshipbetweenatmosphericcompositionandglobaltemperaturechangeoverthepast160,000years.Inparticular,determinationofatmosphericcompositionduringperiodsofglacialexpansionandretreat(coolingandwarming)ispossibleusingdatafromthe2,000-meterVostokicecoredrilledinAntarctica.Thetechniqueinvolvedissimilartothatusedinanalyzingcoresofmarinesediments,wheretheratioofthetwocommonisotopesofoxygen,180and160,accuratelyreflectspasttemperaturechanges.IsotopicanalysisofoxygenintheVostokcoresuggestsmainglobaltemperaturefluctuationsofupto10degreescentigradeoverthepast160,000years.DatafromtheVostokcorealsoindicatethattheamountofCarbondioxidehasfluctuatedwithtemperatureoverthesameperiod:thehigherthetemperature,thehighertheconcentrationofcarbondioxideandthelowerthetemperature,thelowertheconcentration.Althoughchangeincarbondioxidecontentcloselyfollowschangeintemperatureduringperiodsofdeglaciation,itapparentlylagsbehindtemperatureduringperiodsofcooling.Thecorrelationofcarbondioxidewithtemperature,ofcourse,doesnotestablishwhetherchangesinatmosphericcompositioncausedthewarmingandcoolingtrendsorwerecausedbythem.ThecorrelationbetweencarbondioxideandtemperaturethroughouttheVostokrecordisconsistentandpredictable.Theabsolutetemperaturechanges,however,arefrom5to14timesgreaterthanwouldbeexpectedonthebasisofcarbondioxide’sownabilitytoabsorbinfraredradiation,orradiantheat.Thisreactionsuggeststhat,quiteasidefromchangesinheat-trappinggases,commonlyknownasgreenhousegases,certainpositivefeedbacksarealsoamplifyingthetemperaturechange.Suchfeedbacksmightinvolveiceonlandandsea,clouds,orwatervapor,whichalsoabsorbradiantheat.OtherdatafromtheVostokcoreshowthatmethanegasalsocorrelatescloselywithtemperatureandcarbondioxide.Themethaneconcentrationnearlydoubled,forexample,betweenthepeakofthepenultimateglacialperiodandthefollwinginterglacialperiod.Withinthepresentinterglacialperiodithasmorethandoubledinjustthepast300yearsandisrisingrapidly.Althoughtheconcentrationofatmosphericmethaneismorethantwoordersofmagnitudelowerthanthatofcarbondioxide,itcannotbeignored:theradiativepropertiesofmethanemakeit20timesmoreeffective,moleculeformolecule,thancarbondioxideinabsorbingradiantheat.Onthebasisofasimulationmodelthatclimatologicalresearchershavedeveloped,methaneappearstohavebeenabout25percentasimportantascarbondioxideinthewarmingthattookplaceduringthemostrecentglacialretreat8,000to10,000yearsago.

50.Thepassageprovidesinformationtosupportwhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutmethane?

51.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribestherelationshipbetweencarbondioxideandglobaltemperature?

52.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatalong-termdecreaseintheconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheEarth’satmospherewould______.

53.ThepassagesuggeststhatwhenthemethaneconcentrationintheEarth’satmospheredecreases,whichofthefollowingalsohappens?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Methaneismoreeffectivethancarbondioxideinabsorbingradiantheat.

B.Thelessthemethaneconcentration,themorethecloudsformedintheEarth’satmosphere.

C.ThehighertheconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheEarth’satmosphere;thelowertheconcentrationofmethane.

D.Mostoftheglobalwarmingthathasoccurredduringthepast10yearshasbeenassociatedwithincreasedmethaneconcentration.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Carbondioxidelevelschangeimmediatelyinresponsetochangesintemperature.

B.Carbondioxidelevelscorrelatewithglobaltemperatureduringcoolingperiodsonly.

C.Oncecarbondioxidelevelsincrease,theyremainhighregardlessofchangesinglobaltemperature.

D.Duringcoolingperiods,carbondioxidelevelsinitiallyremainhighandthendecline.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.increasemethaneconcentrationintheEarth’satmosphere

B.accompanyaperiodofglaciation

C.encouragetheformationofmoreoxygenisotopesintheEarth’satmosphere

D.promotetheformationofmorewaterintheEarth’sglobalenvironment

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Glaciersmeltfaster.

B.Theconcentrationofcarbondioxideincreases.

C.Theglobaltemperaturedecreases.

D.Carbondioxideabsorbsmoreradiantheat.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】50.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“這篇文章提供了信息來支持下面關(guān)于甲烷的哪個(gè)陳述？”。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二句Althoughtheconcentrationofatmosphericmethaneismorethantwoordersofmagnitudelowerthanthatofcarbondioxide,itcannotbeignored:theradiativepropertiesofmethanemakeit20timesmoreeffective,moleculeformolecule,thancarbondioxideinabsorbingradiantheat.（盡管大氣中甲烷濃度的數(shù)量級(jí)，比二氧化碳低兩個(gè)量級(jí)還多，但不能忽略：單個(gè)分子比較來看，甲烷的輻射特性，導(dǎo)致它吸收輻射熱的效率是二氧化碳的20倍。）可知，A項(xiàng)“甲烷在吸收輻射熱方面比二氧化碳更有效”正確；B項(xiàng)“甲烷濃度越少，地球大氣中形成的云就越多”、C項(xiàng)“地球大氣中二氧化碳的濃度越高，甲烷的濃度越低”和D項(xiàng)“過去10年發(fā)生的大部分全球變暖都與甲烷濃度增加有關(guān)”都沒有提到。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

51.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章，下面哪個(gè)陳述最好地描述了二氧化碳和全球溫度之間的關(guān)系？”。根據(jù)文中的DatafromtheVostokcorealsoindicatethattheamountofCarbondioxidehasfluctuatedwithtemperatureoverthesameperiod:thehigherthetemperature,thehighertheconcentrationofcarbondioxideandthelowerthetemperature,thelowertheconcentration.Althoughchangeincarbondioxidecontentcloselyfollowschangeintemperatureduringperiodsofdeglaciation,itapparentlylagsbehindtemperatureduringperiodsofcooling.（Vostok巖心的數(shù)據(jù)還表明，同一時(shí)期二氧化碳的含量隨溫度波動(dòng)：溫度越高，二氧化碳濃度越高，溫度越低，二氧化碳濃度越低。盡管二氧化碳含量的變化緊跟在冰川消退時(shí)期的溫度變化之后，但在冷卻時(shí)期，二氧化碳含量的變化明顯滯后于溫度。）可知，在冷卻期間，二氧化碳的水平先是保持之前的高水平，隨后下降，D項(xiàng)“在冷卻期間，二氧化碳水平最初保持在高位，然后下降”正確；A項(xiàng)“二氧化碳水平會(huì)隨著溫度的變化而立即變化”錯(cuò)誤，在冷卻時(shí)期二氧化碳水平明顯滯后于溫度；B項(xiàng)“只有在冷卻期間，二氧化碳水平才與全球溫度相關(guān)”和C項(xiàng)“一旦二氧化碳水平增加，無論全球溫度如何變化，它們都保持高水平”均不符合原文。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

52.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“從這篇文章中可以推斷出，地球大氣中二氧化碳濃度的長期下降將會(huì)……”。根據(jù)Althoughchangeincarbondioxidecontentcloselyfollowschangeintemperatureduringperiodsofdeglaciation,itapparentlylagsbehindtemperatureduringperiodsofcooling.（盡管二氧化碳含量的變化緊跟在冰川消退時(shí)期的溫度變化之后，但在冷卻時(shí)期，二氧化碳含量的變化明顯滯后于溫度。）來推斷，在冰消時(shí)期，二氧化碳的含量變化是緊跟冰消時(shí)期的溫度變化而變化，冰消時(shí)期溫度是升高的，所以二氧化碳含量會(huì)增高；而在冷卻時(shí)期，即冰川時(shí)期，溫度下降二氧化碳含量也會(huì)下降，只是滯后于溫度的變化；由此可以推斷，如果二氧化碳的含量長期下降，溫度肯定是比二氧化碳的含量下降的更明顯，所以將會(huì)伴隨著冰川時(shí)期，故B項(xiàng)“伴隨冰川時(shí)期”正確；根據(jù)最后一句methaneappearstohavebeenabout25percentasimportantascarbondioxideinthewarmingthattookplaceduringthemostrecentglacialretreat8,000to10,000yearsago.（在8000到10000年前的最近一次冰川消退中，甲烷大約提供了相當(dāng)于二氧化碳25%的貢獻(xiàn)。）可知，甲烷和二氧化碳一樣，二氧化碳濃度的長期下降，甲烷可能也會(huì)下降，A項(xiàng)“增加地球大氣中的甲烷濃度”錯(cuò)誤；文中并沒有闡述氧同位素和溫度的關(guān)系，C項(xiàng)“鼓勵(lì)地球大氣中更多氧同位素的形成”錯(cuò)誤；文中沒有提到二氧化碳的含量和水有直接關(guān)系，D項(xiàng)“促進(jìn)地球環(huán)境中更多水的形成”不選。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

53.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“文章指出，當(dāng)?shù)厍虼髿庵械募淄闈舛冉档蜁r(shí)，下列哪一種情況也會(huì)發(fā)生？”。根據(jù)文中的OtherdatafromtheVostokcoreshowthatmethanegasalsocorrelatescloselywithtemperatureandcarbondioxide.（Vostok核的其他數(shù)據(jù)顯示，甲烷氣體也與溫度和二氧化碳密切相關(guān)。），以及最后一句methaneappearstohavebeenabout25percentasimportantascarbondioxideinthewarmingthattookplaceduringthemostrecentglacialretreat8,000to10,000yearsago.（在8000到10000年前的最近一次冰川消退中，甲烷大約提供了相當(dāng)于二氧化碳25%的貢獻(xiàn)。）可推斷，當(dāng)大氣中甲烷濃度降低時(shí)，二氧化碳含量可能同樣的下降了，那么可能會(huì)伴隨冰川時(shí)期，所以溫度會(huì)下降，C項(xiàng)“全球氣溫下降”正確；由此也知A項(xiàng)“冰川融化得更快”和B項(xiàng)“二氧化碳濃度增加”錯(cuò)誤；二氧化碳吸收輻射熱的多少和甲烷濃度沒有直接關(guān)系，D項(xiàng)“二氧化碳吸收更多的輻射熱”不選。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Iamdisgusted（）thewaythecoupletalksabouttheactress'sprivatelife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.over

B.for

C.at

D.with

【答案】D

【解析】考查介詞搭配。bedisgustedwith為固定搭配,意為"厭惡……,討厭……"。

14.單選題

Everythingintheshopistooexpensive;Iwon'tpay$200forthefurcoatbecauseitisnotworth（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.allthatmuch

B.thatmuchall

C.thatallmuch

D.muchallthat

【答案】A

【解析】考查限定詞詞序。限定詞的排序：前位限定詞（指量限定詞all，both，half等；倍數(shù)詞、分?jǐn)?shù)詞等）+中位限定詞（冠詞、指示代詞、形容詞性物主代詞、名詞所有格）+后位限定詞（序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞，數(shù)量詞及短語many，much，little，few，plentyof，alotof）。

句意：商店里的東西都太貴了；我不會(huì)付200美元買這件毛皮大衣，因?yàn)樗静恢颠@么多錢。

15.單選題

FirstlaunchedinAprilthisyear,NetMySingaporealsoincludeseffortsthat（

）training,development,andtheexplorationofnewtechnologiesbasedon.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.obliterate

B.sequester

C.encompass

D.terminate

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。obliterate“消滅，清除”；sequester“使隔絕”；encompass“包含，涉及”；terminate“使終止”。句意：于今年四月開始的“凈化我的新加坡”運(yùn)動(dòng)還包括一系列的培訓(xùn)、發(fā)展和與之相關(guān)的新技術(shù)的開發(fā)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

16.單選題

Theyaremeticulousinwork,wellawareacarelessmistakewillcostthecompanymillionsofpounds.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rathercasual

B.prettyslow

C.verycarefully

D.reallyconsiderate

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞和詞組辨析。meticulous“小心翼翼的；A選項(xiàng)rathercasual“非常隨便的”；B選項(xiàng)prettyslow“相當(dāng)慢的”；C選項(xiàng)verycarefully“非常小心地”；D選項(xiàng)reallyconsiderate“確實(shí)體貼的”。句意：在工作中，他們小心翼翼，很清楚一個(gè)粗心的錯(cuò)誤將花費(fèi)公司數(shù)百萬英鎊。由題干中的“wellaware很清楚”可知meticulous在這里為“小心翼翼的”的意思，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

TheworseningcrisisattheFukushimaPowerStationinJapanhasledtoinevitablecomparisonswiththe1986Chernobylnucleardisasterthatkilledworkersattheplantinstantly,causedcancersinthesurroundingpopulationandspreadradioactivecontaminationsofarthatlivestockrestrictionsarestillinplaceatsomefarmsaroundtheUkraine.

ThesituationatFukushimaiscertainlygraveandimmediatelydangerousforthoseatthesitewhoarefightingtomakethecrippledreactorsandfuelstoragepondssafe.

ButwhateverwarningsarenowbeingissuedbyforeigngovernmentstotheircitizensinJapan,therearesignificantdifferencesthatsetthisapartfromthecatastropheinUkraine.

AtChernobylthenuclearreactorexplodedafterasurgeinpowerthatblewthetopoffthepowerplantandsenthotfuelhighintotheupperatmosphere,whereitfloatedacrossnationalborders.Afirethatbrokeoutinthegraphitecoreforcedmoreradioactivematerialintotheair,helpingitspreadfurther.Thereactorhadnocontainmentfacilitytoevenslowthereleaseofradiationfromtheplant.

TheFukushimaboilingwaterreactorisa40-year-oldpowerplantandithassomeglaringdesignflaws,butthereactorshavebeenswitchedoffforfivedays,sothereislessfreshradioactivematerialaround,andeachcoreiscontainedwithina20cm-thicksteelcontainer,whichisthenprotectedbyasteel-linedreinforcedconcreteouterstructure.Eveninthecaseofameltdown,thesemeasuresshouldatleastlimittheamountofradiationreleased.

Butwhatofthepopulationbeyond?Theriskfromradiationfallsoffsubstantiallywithdistance.Theauthoritieshavealreadyimposedanexclusionzoneof12milesaroundthepowerstation,introducedfoodbansanddispensedpotassiumiodidepillstothoseinthesurroundingarea.

Forthemoredistantpopulation,themostseriousradioactivesubstancesthatwouldbereleasedarecaesium-137andiodine-131.Theseareextremelyvolatile,socanbecarriedalongway.Butdangerousdosesarenotlikelytotravelfaronthewind.Thedangercomeswhenradioactiveiodineandcaesiumraindownontheground,onthepastureland,forexample,andlivestockeatit.Cowsconcentrateradioactiveiodineintheirmilk.Radioactivecaesiumaccumulatesinmuscles,andinthepasthasbuiltupingrazingsheep.Thethreattohumansthencomesfromdrinkingmilkandeatingcontaminatedmeat.Bothcanraisetheriskofcancer—iodineespeciallybybeingabsorbedintochildren’sthyroidglands.

WhathappenedatChernobyl,whichwasamuchmoreseriousaccidentthanthis,wasthatthelocalSovietauthoritieswereindenial,theydidn’tgetpeopleoutofthearea,theydidn’tevacuatequicklyenough,andtheyallowedchildrentocontinuetodrinkheavilycontaminatedmilk,andasaconsequence,manychildrenreceivedhighdosesofradiationtothethyroidandwe’veseenthousandsofthyroidcancersasaconsequence.

1.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

4.TheChernobylwasregardedasaseriousaccidentbecause（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.EyeingJapan,Countr