考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川托普信息技術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川托普信息技術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Wewereallannoyedbythetwogirlswhotalkedincessantlyduringthelecture.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rudely

B.endlessly

C.loudly

D.noisily

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)rudely“無(wú)禮地”；B選項(xiàng)endlessly“不斷地”；C選項(xiàng)loudly“大聲地”；D選項(xiàng)noisily“吵鬧地”。句意：講座過(guò)程中，兩個(gè)女生在滔滔不絕地講話，我們都很煩。劃線部分incessantly是不停地意思。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.翻譯題

天空還是一片淺藍(lán)，顏色很淡。轉(zhuǎn)眼間天邊出現(xiàn)了一道紅霞，慢慢地在擴(kuò)大它的范圍，加強(qiáng)它的亮點(diǎn)。我知道太陽(yáng)要從天邊升起來(lái)了，便目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地望著那里。

果然，過(guò)了一會(huì)兒，在那個(gè)地方出現(xiàn)了太陽(yáng)的小半邊臉，紅是真紅，卻沒(méi)有亮光。這個(gè)太陽(yáng)好像負(fù)著重荷似的一步一步、慢慢地努力上升，到了最后，終于沖破了云霞，完全跳出了海面，顏色紅得非?？蓯?ài)。一剎那間，這個(gè)深紅的圓東西，忽然發(fā)出了奪目的亮光，射得人眼睛發(fā)痛，它旁邊的云片也突然有了光彩。有時(shí)太陽(yáng)走進(jìn)云層里，它的光線卻從云里射下來(lái)，直射到水面上。這時(shí)候，要分辨出哪里是水，哪里是天，倒也不容易，因?yàn)槲揖椭豢匆?jiàn)一片燦爛的亮光。

【答案】Theskywasstilllightblue,andthecolorispale.Allatoncearedglowappearedonthehorizon,slowlyexpandingitsscopeandintensifyingitsbrightness.Iknewthesunwasabouttoriseinthesky,soIkeptmyeyesfixedonit.

Asexpected,thesunappearedsoonshowinghalfofhisface,whichisveryredbutnotbright.

Itkeptrisinglaboriouslybitbybitasifweighteddownwithaheavyburdenonitsback.Finallyitbrokethroughtherosyclouds,completelyjumpedoutoftheseawithalovelyred.Allofasudden,beforeIknewit,thecrimsonorbbegantoshinebrightly,dazzlingmyeyesuntiltheystungandsuddenlylightingupthesurroundingcloud.Sometimesthesunwentintoacloud,butitsrayscamedownfromthecloudandhittheseastraight.Itwasnoteasytotellthedifferencebetweentheseaandthesky,forallIcouldseewasawideexpanseofbrilliantlight.

3.單選題

Theplantoallowthereadingpublictorente-books,muchastheyrentmovies,hasprovedsomuchmorecontentiousthanitspioneer,theformerWaterstonesmanagingdirectorTimCoates,hadhoped.

ThatpublishersareverycautiousoftheideaofhisnewBilbarye-rentalventure,whichlaunchedthisweek,isperhapsnotentirelysurprising:althoughthee-rentalsautomaticallydeletethemselveswhentheborrowingtimeexpires,theyfeartheschememightharmsales.

Lesscontroversial,however,isMrCoates’generouspledgetodonateagoodchunkofBilbary’sprofitstocampaignstokeepopenlibrariesthreatenedbygovernmentbudgetcuts.Hundredsofthenation’s4,000publiclibrariesareatrisk;andcampaigners’attemptstopersuadecourtsandcouncilstokeepthemopenarelargelyfailing.

Closinglibrariesisinevitable,theargumentgoes,inanerawhentwooutofthreeBritishhomeshaveacomputer.Butthatisfarfromthewholestory.While200millionbooksaresoldeveryyear,morethan310millionareborrowed.Theone-in-threehomeswithoutacomputerarethoseofthenation’spoorerchildren,manyofwhomlivewithoutevenatableatwhichtheycandotheirhomework.ItiswithonlythemildestexaggerationthatAlanBennett,theplaywrightandcampaigner,describestheclosureoflibrariesasanactof“childabuse”.

Tosome,theword“l(fā)ibrary”conjuresonlynegativeassociations,anirrelevantanachronisminanincreasinglydigitalworld.Butagoodlibraryisfarmorethanjustaplacetostorebooks.Itisagatewaytoknowledge,aplacewellabletoadapttothecomputerageandindoingsosupportthecuriosity,studyandresearchofnewgenerations.

Thereare,ofcourse,somelibrariesthatareunfitforpurpose.Butthosethatusedigitaltechnologiesasanaide,ratherthantreatthemasathreat,morethanholdtruetotheircorepurpose.Andthosethathavemadetheleapareseeingvisitornumbersrise,notfall.Britain’slibrariesdonotneedclosingbuttheymayneedchanging.WecanonlyhopethatMr.Coates’supportcanhelpmanyofthemtodoso.

1.Theargumentabouttheclosingoflibrariesstemsfrom（）.

2.Theword“anachronism”inPara.5mightmean（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

4.Theauthor’sattitudetowardclosinglibrariescanbedescribedas（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thefallofsaleofbooks

B.theadventofdigitaltechnologies

C.thegovernmentbudgetcut

D.theworldeconomicrecession

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.chronologicalerror

B.phonologicalerror

C.etymologicalerror

D.historicalerror

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Somepeoplebelievethatlibrariesareoutofdateindigitalage.

B.IntheUK,oneoutofthreehomesdon’thavecomputers.

C.Itisinevitablethatdigitallibrarieswillreplacetheexistinglibraries.

D.Somelibrariesneedintroducingdigitaltechnologiesasanaid.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.positive

B.negative

C.indifferent

D.neutral

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第三段第一句“MrCoates’generouspledgetodonateagoodchunkofBilbary’sprofitstocampaignstokeepopenlibrariesthreatenedbygovernmentbudgetcuts.”科茨先生慷慨承諾將Bilbary的大部分利潤(rùn)捐贈(zèng)給那些開(kāi)放受到政府預(yù)算削減威脅的圖書(shū)館。由此可知,關(guān)于關(guān)閉圖書(shū)館的爭(zhēng)論源于政府的預(yù)算削減,選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.根據(jù)原文句意:對(duì)一些人來(lái)說(shuō),“圖書(shū)館”這個(gè)詞只會(huì)讓人聯(lián)想到負(fù)面的聯(lián)想,在這個(gè)日益數(shù)字化的世界里,這是一個(gè)無(wú)關(guān)緊要的時(shí)代錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)“anincreasinglydigitalworld”可以推測(cè),時(shí)代在變化,所以這里指的是時(shí)代錯(cuò)誤,選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.原文最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“Britain’slibrariesdonotneedclosingbuttheymayneedchanging.”英國(guó)的圖書(shū)館不需要關(guān)閉,但是可能需要改變。所以,選項(xiàng)C說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤。

4.作者在最后一段提到,英國(guó)的圖書(shū)館不需要關(guān)閉,但是可能需要改變。這體現(xiàn)了作者的中立態(tài)度。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.單選題

TheUnitedStateshashistoricallyhadhigherratesofmarriagethanthoseofotherindustrializedcountries.Thecurrentannualmarriage（1）intheUnitedStates—about9newmarriagesforevery1,000people—is（2）higherthanitisinotherindustrializedcountries.However,marriageis（3）aswidespreadasitwasseveraldecadesago.（4）ofAmericanadultswhoaremarried（5）from72percentin1970to60percentin2002.Thisdoesnotmeanthatlargenumbersofpeoplewillremainunmarried（6）theirlives.Throughoutthe20thcentury,about90percentofAmericansmarriedatsome（7）intheirlives.Experts（8）thataboutthesameproportionoftoday'syoungadultswilleventuallymarry.

Thetimingofmarriagehasvaried（9）overthepastcentury.In1995theaverageageofwomenintheUnitedStatesatthetimeoftheirfirstmarriagewas25.Theaverageageofmenwasabout27.MenandwomenintheUnitedStatesmarryforthefirsttimeanaverageoffiveyearslaterthanpeopledidinthe1950s.（10）,youngadultsofthe1950smarriedyoungerthandidanyprevious（11）in

U.S.history.Today'slaterageofmarriageis（12）theageofmarriagebetween1890and1940.Moreover,agreaterproportionofthepopulationwasmarried(95percent)duringthe1950sthanatanytimebefore（13）.Expertsdonotagreeonwhythe"marriagerush"ofthelate1940sand1950soccurred,butmostsocialscientistsbelieveitrepresenteda（14）tothereturnofpeaceandprosperityafter15yearsofsevereeconomic（15）andwar.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rate

B.ratio

C.percentage

D.poll

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.potentially

B.intentionally

C.randomly

D.substantially

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.notanylonger

B.nomore

C.nolonger

D.notanymore

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Aproportion

B.Theproportion

C.Thenumber

D.Anumber

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.declined

B.deteriorated

C.deduced

D.demolished

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.past

B.passing

C.throughout

D.through

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.period

B.level

C.point

D.respect

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.project

B.plan

C.promise

D.propose

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.unexpectedly

B.irregularly

C.flexibly

D.consistently

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.Besides

B.However

C.Whereas

D.Nevertheless

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.descendants

B.ascendants

C.population

D.generation

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.accordingto

B.inlinewith

C.basedon

D.causedby

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.andafter

B.orafter

C.orsince

D.eversince

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.refusal

B.realization

C.response

D.reality

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.repression

B.aggression

C.restriction

D.depression

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:C

第7題:A

第8題:A

第9題:D

第10題:B

第11題:D

第12題:B

第13題:B

第14題:C

第15題:D

【解析】（1）名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)破折號(hào)后面的內(nèi)容可以推測(cè)，這里應(yīng)為結(jié)婚率，選項(xiàng)A正確。ratio比例；percentage百分?jǐn)?shù)；poll選舉之投票，均不符合原文。

（2）副詞詞義辨析。potentially潛在地；intentionally故意地；randomly隨便地；substantially實(shí)質(zhì)上，大體上。根據(jù)句意：美國(guó)目前的年結(jié)婚率大體上遠(yuǎn)高于其他工業(yè)化國(guó)家。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

（3）副詞短語(yǔ)辨析。選項(xiàng)A和B一般放于修飾詞后；選項(xiàng)C一般放于修飾詞之前；選項(xiàng)D意為再也不。根據(jù)句意：然而，婚姻不再像幾十年前那樣普遍。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

（4）考查冠詞用法。根據(jù)下文百分比可排除選項(xiàng)C和D，而百分比是已知的，所以用定冠詞the，選項(xiàng)B正確。

（5）動(dòng)詞詞義辨析和上下文語(yǔ)義。declined下降，衰退；deteriorated惡化的，變質(zhì)的；deduced推理；demolished拆毀，破壞。根據(jù)下文“from72percentin1970to60percent...說(shuō)明是呈下降趨勢(shì)的，所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

（6）介詞詞義辨析。throughouttheirlives為固定搭配，意為整個(gè)一生。

（7）名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)原文，這里指生活中的某一階段，用period符合原文。

（8）上下文語(yǔ)義。根據(jù)原文：專(zhuān)家預(yù)測(cè)，現(xiàn)在的年輕人中最終結(jié)婚的比例也大致相同。project除了計(jì)劃、工程的意思外，還有預(yù)測(cè)的意思。所以本題選A。

（9）副詞詞義辨析和上下文語(yǔ)義。unexpectedly出乎意料地；irregularly不規(guī)則地；flexibly柔軟地；consistently持續(xù)地，不斷地。句意：在過(guò)去的一個(gè)世紀(jì)里，結(jié)婚的時(shí)間一直在變化。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

（10）邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)前后句義可知，此處表轉(zhuǎn)折。However和Whereas都有然而的意思，但Whereas后面通常接整個(gè)句子，和句子間不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。Besides和Nevertheless不符合原文。所以本題選B。

（11）名詞搭配。descendants子孫，后裔；ascendants優(yōu)勢(shì)，運(yùn)道；population人口；previousgeneration意為上一代人，所以選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

（12）介詞詞組辨析。accordingto按照；inlinewith與……一致；basedon基于；causedby由……造成。句意：現(xiàn)在的晚婚年齡與1890年至1940年的結(jié)婚年齡是一致的。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

（13）固定搭配。atanytimebeforeorafter為固定搭配，意為：在……前后的任何時(shí)間。

（14）詞義辨析。refusalto拒絕，推卻；realization為名詞，意為實(shí)現(xiàn)；responseto對(duì)……做出回應(yīng)；reality為名詞，意為現(xiàn)實(shí)。句意：大多數(shù)社會(huì)科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，這是對(duì)和平回歸的一種回應(yīng)。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

（15）固定搭配。economicdepression為固定搭配，意為：經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條，符合上下文。所以本題選D。

5.單選題

Atthedrugstore,thepharmacistrefusedtogivemeanymedicinebecauseshecouldnotread（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.description

B.prescription

C.inscription

D.subscription

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A:description“描繪，描述”；B:prescription“處方（醫(yī)生開(kāi)出的）”；C:inscription“鑄幣上的刻印文字，銘文，碑文”；D:subscription“統(tǒng)一，贊成，訂閱”。句意：在藥房，醫(yī)師拒絕賣(mài)給我任何的藥物，因?yàn)樗裏o(wú)法辨認(rèn)醫(yī)生的處方。由句意可知B為正確答案。

6.單選題

Youshouldbuytheshirtonesizelargerthanyouusuallywear,becausethismaterial______whenyouwashesit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.decreases

B.expands

C.shrinks

D.diminishes

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)decrease“減少，減小，降低”，B項(xiàng)expand“擴(kuò)張，使膨脹”，C項(xiàng)shrink“（使）縮小，（使）收縮，（衣服、布料）縮水”，D項(xiàng)diminish“減少，縮小”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息onesizelargerthanyouusuallywear“比平時(shí)穿的大一號(hào)”，結(jié)合空格前的詞語(yǔ)material“材料”可知，空格處填入shrink“縮水”符合語(yǔ)境。句意：你應(yīng)該買(mǎi)一件比你平時(shí)穿的大一號(hào)的襯衫，因?yàn)檫@種布料洗時(shí)會(huì)縮水。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

China'sfirstsetofregulationsonhumanorgantransplant,whichprohibitsorganizationsandindividualsfromtradinghumanorgansinanyform,（）onMaylst,2007.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fellback

B.fellshort

C.wentintoeffect

D.cometothepoint

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)fellback表示“后退”；B選項(xiàng)fellshort表示“不符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，缺乏”；C選項(xiàng)wentintoeffect表示“生效”；D選項(xiàng)cometothepoint表示“直截了當(dāng)?shù)恼f(shuō)，簡(jiǎn)明扼要的說(shuō)”。分析句意可知，中國(guó)頒布的首部人體器官移植條例是從2007年5月1日開(kāi)始生效。因此本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

8.單選題

Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theytryhardtoavoidgettingoffonthewrongfoot.

B.Theyspendtoomuchtimeanticipatingtheirdefeat.

C.Theytaketoomanyirrelevantfactorsintoaccount.

D.Theymakecarefulpreparationsbeforehand.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Mentalimagesofteninterferewithathletes’performance.

B.Golfersusuallyhavepositivementalimagesofthemselves.

C.Thinkinghasthesameeffectonthenervoussystemasdoing.

D.Aperson’snervoussystemismorecomplicatedthanimagined.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Anticipatepossibleproblems.

B.Makealistofdo’sanddon’ts.

C.Trytoappearmoreprofessional.

D.Picturethemselvessucceeding.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Shewonherfirstjurytrial.

B.Sheworeadesignerdress.

C.Shepresentedmovingpictures.

D.Shedidnotspeakloudenough.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】PassageOne

[9]Whenfacinganewsituation,somepeopletendtorehearsetheirdefeatbyspendingtoomuchtimeanticipatingtheworst.Iremembertalkingwithayounglawyerwhowasabouttobeginherfirstjurytrial.Shewasverynervous.Iaskedwhatimpressionshewantedtomakeonthejury.Shereplied,“Idon’twanttolooktooinexperienced;Idon’twantthemtosuspectthisismyfirsttrial.”Thislawyerhadfallenvictimtothe“don’ts”syndrome—aformofnegativegoalsetting.The“don’ts”canbeself-fulfillingbecauseyourmindrespondstopictures.

[10]ResearchconductedatStanfordUniversityshowsamentalimagefiresthenervoussystemthesamewayasactuallydoingsomething.Thatmeanswhenagolferforetellshimself“Don’thittheballintothewater”,hismindseestheimageoftheballflyingintothewater.Soguesswheretheballwillgo.

Consequently,beforegoingintoanystressfulsituation,[11]focusonlyonwhatyouwanttohavehappen.Iaskedthelawyeragainhowshewantedtoappearatherfirsttrial,andthistimeshesaid,“Iwanttolookprofessionalandself-assured.”Itoldhertocreateapictureofwhatself-assuredwouldlooklike.Toher,itmeantmovingconfidentlyaroundthecourtroom,usingconvincingbodylanguageandprojectinghervoice,soitcouldbeheardfromthejudge’sbenchtothebackdoor.Shealsoimaginedaskillfulclosingargumentandawinningtrial.Afewweeksafterthispositivestressrehearsal,[12]theyounglawyerdidwin.

9.Whatdosomepeopledowhentheyfaceanewsituation?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)當(dāng)一些人面對(duì)一個(gè)新的情況時(shí)，他們會(huì)做什么?錄音開(kāi)頭提及，在面對(duì)全新的情況時(shí)，有些人老是預(yù)料自己可能會(huì)失敗的情形，會(huì)花太多時(shí)間去想事情最壞的情況。B選項(xiàng)“他們花太多時(shí)間去預(yù)料失敗的情況”中的theirdefeat是對(duì)錄音原文中theworst的替換，與原文表述相符，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“他們努力避免出師不利”；C選項(xiàng)“他們考慮了太多不相關(guān)的因素”和D選項(xiàng)“他們事先作了周密的準(zhǔn)備”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息提及，因此排除。

10.WhatdoestheresearchconductedatStanfordUniversityshow?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)斯坦福大學(xué)的研究表明了什么?錄音中提及，一項(xiàng)在斯坦福大學(xué)進(jìn)行的研究表明，大腦想象激發(fā)神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的方式與實(shí)際做某事的方式相同，也就是說(shuō)，“想”和“做”對(duì)神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的影響是一樣的，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“大腦想象經(jīng)常影響運(yùn)動(dòng)員的表現(xiàn)”和D選項(xiàng)“人的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)比想象中復(fù)雜得多”在錄音中均沒(méi)有提及，因此排除；B選項(xiàng)“高爾夫球手通常對(duì)自己有積極的大腦想象”與錄音中提到的高爾夫球手的例子剛好相反，因此不正確。

11.Whatadvicedoesthespeakergivetopeopleinastressfulsituation?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)說(shuō)話者給處于壓力下的人們什么建議?說(shuō)話者指出：在面對(duì)有壓力的情況時(shí)，只需集中精神去想你希望發(fā)生的事情。D選項(xiàng)“想象自己成功的畫(huà)面”與錄音內(nèi)容表述相符，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“預(yù)見(jiàn)可能出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題”；B選項(xiàng)“列出注意事項(xiàng)”在錄音中均未提及；C選項(xiàng)“試著表現(xiàn)得更專(zhuān)業(yè)些”是說(shuō)話人提及的某位新手律師的情況，并不是對(duì)一般人的普遍建議，因此排除。

12.Whatdowelearnaboutthelawyerinthecourt?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)關(guān)于法庭上的律師，我們知道什么？說(shuō)話者對(duì)那位第一次參與陪審團(tuán)庭審案件的律師說(shuō)，她只需要在過(guò)程中想象自己自信的樣子是怎樣就行了。錄音結(jié)尾提到，這位律師最后贏了那場(chǎng)官司。A選項(xiàng)“她在首次參與的陪審團(tuán)庭審案件中打贏了官司”與原文表述相符，因此正確。B選項(xiàng)“她穿了設(shè)計(jì)師禮服”在錄音中沒(méi)有信息提及；C選項(xiàng)“她展示了移動(dòng)的畫(huà)面”利用moving設(shè)置干擾，實(shí)際上錄音原文并沒(méi)有提及，因此排除；D選項(xiàng)“她說(shuō)話的聲音不夠大”，錄音提到，這位律師上庭前想象自己自信的樣子，其中包括在法庭中發(fā)言響亮，可見(jiàn)她后來(lái)在庭上發(fā)言時(shí)是足夠大聲的，因此D選項(xiàng)不正確。

9.單選題

Thelong-termfortunesofthemoderneconomydependinpartonthestrengthandsustainabilityofthefamily,bothinrelationtofertilitytrendsandtomarriagetrends.Thisbasic,butoftenoverlooked,principleisnowatworkinthecurrentglobaleconomiccrisis.

Thedeclineofmarriageandfertilityisonefactorintheglobaleconomiccrisis.Thatis,onereasonthatsomeofthe,world’sleadingeconomies—fromJapantoItalytoSpaintotheEurozoneasawhole—arefacingfiscalchallengesisthattheirfertilityrateshavebeenbelowreplacementlevels(2.1childrenperwoman)fordecades.Persistentsub-replacementfertilityeventuallytranslatesintofewerworkersrelativetoretirees,whichputstremendousstrainsonpublicoffersandtheeconomyasawhole.Indeed,onerecentstudyfindsthatalmosthalftherecentrun-upinpublicdebtintheWestcanbeattributedtorapidagingoverthelastdecades.

EvenChinamayseeitssky-highgrowth“comedowntoearthinthenextfewdecadesasitsworkforceshrinks”becauseofitsone-childpolicy,asCarlosCavalleandIarguesinarecentreport—TheSustainableDemographicDividend.Bycontrast,arecentRandstudysuggeststhatIndiawillhavemorefavorabledemographicsthanChinaoverthenextfewdecades,insofarasitsworkforceispoisedtogrow.Infact,theRandstudysuggeststhatIndiamaybeabletousethisdemographicadvantagetooutpaceChina’seconomicgrowthratesbytheendofthecentury.Finally,it’snotjustfertilitythatmatters,it’salsomarriage.Atleastinthewest,childrenaremorelikelytoacquirethehumanandsocialcapitaltheyneedtothriveinthemoderneconomywhentheyareraisedinanintact,marriedfamily.IntheU.S.,forinstance,childrenaremorelikelytograduatefromhighschool,completecollegeandbegainfullyemployedasyoungadultsiftheywereraisedinanintact,marriedfamily.

Andaroundtheglobe,menaremorelikelytogivetheirworktheirfullesteffortandattentionwhentheyaremarried;thisisonereasonmenworldwideenjoy“marriagepremium”intheirincome,rangingfromabout14percent(Mexico)to19percent(UnitedStates)to35percent(Russia).So,atleastwhenitcomestomenresearchsuggeststhatmarriagehasimportantimplicationsforworkerproductivity.

Thebottom-linemessageisthatwhathappensinthehomedoesnotstayathomerather,thesizeoffamilies,andtheirstabilityandquality,hasimportantimplicationforthehealthoftheglobaleconomy.

1.Themainideaofthispassageisthat（）.

2.Onereasonthattheworld’sleadingeconomiesarefacingfiscalchallengesisthat（）.

3.“...itsworkforceispoisedtogrow”(Para.3)probablymeans（）.

4.Fromthepassageweknowthat（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,allthefollowingcanaffecteconomyEXCEPT（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.暫缺

B.bothmarriageandfertilityaffectacountry’seconomy

C.marriagehasimportantimplicationsforworkerproductivity

D.IndiawilloutpaceChina’seconomicgrowthratebytheendofthecentury

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thereisaglobaleconomiccrisisinrecentyears

B.therearefewerbabies,andconsequently,peoplespendlessonmanycommodities

C.peopleinthesecountrieshavefewerchildrenthanneededtoreplacethepopulationformanyyears

D.therearetremendousstrainsonpubliccoffersandtheeconomyasawhole

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.itsworkforcepausestogrow

B.itsworkforcecontinuestogrowfast

C.itsworkforcecontinuestogrowsteadily

D.itsworkforcegrowsslowly

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.childrenfromanintact,marriedfamilyaremorelikelytohaveabetterlife

B.themorepeopleacountryhas,thestrongereconomyitwillhave

C.thehealthoftheglobaleconomydependsentirelyonindividualfamilies

D.menarelikelytoworkharderwhentheyaregoingtohavechildren

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thesizeoffamilies

B.thestabilityoffamilies

C.thequalityoffamilies

D.menandwomenratiowithinthefamilies

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。在第二段的第一句話Thedeclineofmarriageandfertilityisonefactorintheglobaleconomiccrisis.（婚姻和生育率的下降是全球經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的一個(gè)因素。）之后的段落也是就這一點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了具體闡釋?zhuān)虼薆選項(xiàng)“婚姻和生育都會(huì)影響一個(gè)國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)”正確。C選項(xiàng)“婚姻對(duì)工人的生產(chǎn)力有重要的影響”，與原文不符；D選項(xiàng)“到本世紀(jì)末，印度的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)率將超過(guò)中國(guó)”，在原文的第三段Infact,theRandstudysuggeststhatIndiamaybeabletousethisdemographicadvantagetooutpaceChina’seconomicgrowthratesbytheendofthecentury.（事實(shí)上，蘭德公司的研究表明，到本世紀(jì)末，印度可能會(huì)利用這一人口優(yōu)勢(shì)超過(guò)中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)速度。）確實(shí)有提到，但是并不是文章的主旨。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段Thatis,onereasonthatsomeofthe,world’sleadingeconomies—fromJapantoItalytoSpaintotheEurozoneasawhole—arefacingfiscalchallengesisthattheirfertilityrateshavebeenbelowreplacementlevels(2.1childrenperwoman)fordecades.（世界主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體——從日本到意大利，西班牙對(duì)歐元區(qū)作為一個(gè)整體所面臨的財(cái)政挑戰(zhàn)的是，他們的生育率已經(jīng)低于人口更替水平（平均每個(gè)婦女生育2.1個(gè)孩子）幾十年了。）因此C選項(xiàng)“這些國(guó)家的人生育的孩子比替換人口所需的要少的事情持續(xù)了多年”正確。A選項(xiàng)“近年來(lái)，全球出現(xiàn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)”，文章沒(méi)有說(shuō)這是原因之一；B選項(xiàng)“嬰兒越來(lái)越少，因此，人們?cè)谠S多商品上花的錢(qián)越來(lái)越少”，文章沒(méi)有提出這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)；D選項(xiàng)“國(guó)庫(kù)和整個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)都承受著巨大的壓力”這也不是財(cái)政面臨問(wèn)題的原因。

3.語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。首先定位到句子后面說(shuō)Bycontrast,arecentRandstudysuggeststhatIndiawillhavemorefavorabledemographicsthanChinaoverthenextfewdecades,insofarasitsworkforceispoisedtogrow.（相比之下，蘭德公司（Rand）最近的一項(xiàng)研究表明，在未來(lái)幾十年里，印度的人口結(jié)構(gòu)將比中國(guó)更有利，因?yàn)樗膭趧?dòng)力將繼續(xù)增長(zhǎng)。）根據(jù)句子說(shuō)印度的人口結(jié)構(gòu)更加有利，可以知道他們的勞動(dòng)力將會(huì)繼續(xù)穩(wěn)步上升，因此C選項(xiàng)“勞動(dòng)力持續(xù)穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“它的勞動(dòng)力暫停增長(zhǎng)”不合題意；B選項(xiàng)“它的勞動(dòng)力繼續(xù)快速增長(zhǎng)”快速是沒(méi)有提到的；D選項(xiàng)“它的勞動(dòng)力增長(zhǎng)緩慢”與原文不符。

4.判斷推理題。定位到倒數(shù)第三段IntheU.S.,forinstance,childrenaremorelikelytograduatefromhighschool,completecollegeandbegainfullyemployedasyoungadultsiftheywereraisedinanintact,marriedfamily.（例如，在美國(guó)，如果孩子在一個(gè)完整的已婚家庭中長(zhǎng)大，他們更有可能從高中畢業(yè)，完成大學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)，并在年輕時(shí)獲得有收入的工作。）因此A選項(xiàng)“來(lái)自完整的已婚家庭的孩子更有可能擁有更好的生活”正確。B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)國(guó)家的人口越多，它的經(jīng)濟(jì)就會(huì)越強(qiáng)”，不符合題意，是要人口結(jié)構(gòu)更好，才會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展更快；C選項(xiàng)“全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的健康完全取決于單個(gè)家庭”，絕對(duì)化表達(dá)，并且不符合題意；D選項(xiàng)“男人在要孩子的時(shí)候可能會(huì)更努力工作”，與原文不符，原文是說(shuō)的“婚后”，并不是“要孩子的時(shí)候”。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干和選項(xiàng)定位到最后一段Thebottom-linemessageisthatwhathappensinthehomedoesnotstayathomerather,thesizeoffamilies,andtheirstabilityandquality,hasimportantimplicationforthehealthoftheglobaleconomy.（最重要的信息是，家庭的規(guī)模、家庭的穩(wěn)定性和質(zhì)量對(duì)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的健康有著重要的影響。）因此只有D選項(xiàng)“家庭中的男女比例”是沒(méi)有提及的。A選項(xiàng)“家庭的規(guī)模”；B選項(xiàng)“家庭的穩(wěn)定性”；C選項(xiàng)“家庭的質(zhì)量”都是原文提到了的。

10.單選題

Herjewelry（）underthespotlightsandshebecamethedominantfigureattheball.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.glared

B.glittered

C.blazed

D.dazzled

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。glare“怒目而視”；glitter“閃光，燦爛”；blaze“燃燒，發(fā)光”；dazzle“使目眩，使眼花繚亂”。句意：她的珠寶在聚光燈下閃閃發(fā)亮，她成為這個(gè)舞會(huì)的主要人物。B項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.單選題

ThereisnoeasysolutiontoJapan’slabour（

）

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.decline

B.rarity

C.vacancy

D.shortage

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。decline“下降”；rarity“罕見(jiàn)”；vacancy“空缺，空白”；shortage“短缺”。句意：日本勞動(dòng)力短缺的問(wèn)題不容易解決。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

12.單選題

Howmanytimesdidtheclock（

）?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hit

B.knock

C.beat

D.strike

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的固定搭配。strike可以用來(lái)表示“敲打鐘表”，其他的詞則不行，所以選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

13.單選題

Theradioprogramwaspresented（）ajointventurewhichwasregisteredseveralmonthsago.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bycourtesyof

B.onaccountof

C.byvirtueof

D.intermsof

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組。A:bycourtesyof“蒙……的好意；蒙……提供”；B:onaccountof“由于；基于”；C:byvirtueof“憑借……的力量”；D:intermsof“根據(jù)；用……的話；就……而言”。句意：承蒙數(shù)月前注冊(cè)的合資企業(yè)惠允，電臺(tái)節(jié)目播出了。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和句意可知A為正確答案。

14.單選題

TherearemanycopperminesinthestateofArizona,______contributessignificantlytothestate’seconomy.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.afact

B.whichfact

C.whosefact

D.that

【答案】C

【解析】考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。句意：亞利桑那州有許多銅礦，這一事實(shí)對(duì)該州的經(jīng)濟(jì)做出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句在句子中是一個(gè)獨(dú)立成分，不受主句的限制，也就是說(shuō)從句去掉以后主句仍然成立；非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞和主句之間的關(guān)系不甚緊密，通常用逗號(hào)與主句分隔開(kāi)；非限制性定語(yǔ)從句先行詞不用that，先行詞是關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞不能省略。A選項(xiàng)afact在這里不構(gòu)成從句，故錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)whichfact不需要用名詞fact，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)that不用在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)whosefact符合句子意思和語(yǔ)法。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Healwaysincludedsomethingabovetheunderstandingofhishearersinordertopreventthemfrombecoming（

）andtostimulatetheirdesiretolearnmore.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pessimistic

B.complacent

C.perplexed

D.complicated

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。pessimistic“悲觀的”；complacent“自滿(mǎn)的；得意的”；perplexed“困惑的”；complicated“難懂的”。句意：他總是在聽(tīng)眾理解力之外加上一些東西，來(lái)防止他們變得自滿(mǎn)，并且激發(fā)他們學(xué)習(xí)更多東西。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

16.單選題

Seldom______anymistakesduringmypastfiveyearsofservicehere.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.didImake

B.shouldImake

C.Iwouldmake

D.wouldImake

【答案】A

【解析】考查部分倒裝。句意：在服務(wù)這里的過(guò)去五年里，我很少出錯(cuò)。句首為半否定的詞語(yǔ)用部分倒裝，根據(jù)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)makemistakes確定用助動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)pastfiveyears確定用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，所以A選項(xiàng)didImake符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

17.寫(xiě)作題

Directions:Writeacompositiononthetopic"TheSocialFunctionofHealth".Youshouldwriteatleast250wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinebelow:

1.健康在個(gè)人行使社會(huì)功能中的作用。

2.健康對(duì)于整個(gè)社會(huì)的作用。

3.健康不僅是醫(yī)學(xué)問(wèn)題，更是社會(huì)問(wèn)題。

【答案】略

18.單選題

Theeditor-in-chiefbegs（

）tomorrow’smeeting.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobeexcusedtoattend

B.tobeexcusedtoattending

C.toexcusetoattend

D.toexcusefromattending

【答案】A

【解析】為了參加明天的會(huì)議，主編請(qǐng)求準(zhǔn)予離開(kāi)。固定搭配題。excusesb.fromsth.為固定用法，表示“同意某人不做；免除某人”，根據(jù)句意‘是同意…’，所以排除因此排除C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)?！皌oattendtomorrow’smeeting”為不定式短語(yǔ)作目的狀語(yǔ)，因此答案選A。

19.單選題

Peoplearefascinatedtoseethatthemagicianmadeabigandtalldeer（）inaflash.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fade

B.shout

C.yield

D.vanish

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)fade“消失”，側(cè)重逐漸消失。例句：Somesaidthat,oncethisnoveltyhadwornoff,cinemawouldfadeaway.（有人說(shuō)，一旦這種新鮮感消失，電影院就會(huì)消失。）；B選項(xiàng)shout“呼喊；大聲說(shuō)”；C選項(xiàng)yield“屈服，放棄”；D選項(xiàng)vanish“使不見(jiàn)，使消失”，指完全、往往是神秘而突然的消失，不留任何蛛絲馬跡。例句：Hevanishedwithouttrace.（他消失得無(wú)影無(wú)蹤。）。句意：看到魔術(shù)師使一只又大又高的鹿瞬間消失，人們都被迷住了。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，D選項(xiàng)符合句意。

20.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish

朋友來(lái)訪，站在我的書(shū)櫥前流連忘返，見(jiàn)他一副癡迷的樣子，我故作豪爽地說(shuō)：“喜歡看什么說(shuō)就先拿去吧。”嘴上雖然這么說(shuō)，其實(shí)心里還是很不情愿的，書(shū)像是自己的孩子，是生命的另一部分，生生被別人抱去，總是有點(diǎn)舍不得，朋友沒(méi)有看出我的小算盤(pán)，只顧聽(tīng)了我的話，在書(shū)櫥里挑三揀四地翻出幾本書(shū)來(lái)，竟都是我喜歡的，時(shí)不時(shí)要拿出來(lái)讀讀的那種。但是潑出來(lái)的水是收不回來(lái)了，何況因?yàn)閹妆緯?shū)，也顯得太小家子氣。

【答案】Afriendofminecametoseeme.Hestoodbeforemybookcaselookingoverthebooks.Atthesightofhimlingeringbeforeitwithraptattention,Ipretendedtobegenerous,“Takeanyasyoulike.”Isaidthatinspiteofmyself.ActuallyIwasreluctant,forIregardedmybooksasmychildren,partofmylife.HowcouldIbearthembeingtornawayfromme.Myfriendtookmeatmywordandbeganchoosingbookstohisliking.Unfortunatelyhispickhappenedtobemyfavorites,thoseI’dliketoreadandrereadnowandthen.ButIcouldn’tgobackonmyword,forwhat’sdonecan’tbeundone.Toregretforlendingafewbookswouldmakemelooknarrow-minded.

21.單選題

Manyofhisargumentshavenopertinencetothesubjectunderdiscussion.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.significance

B.value

C.relevance

D.enlightenment

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)significancen.重要性，意義；B選項(xiàng)valuen.價(jià)值，重要性；C選項(xiàng)relevancen.關(guān)聯(lián)，適當(dāng)，中肯；D選項(xiàng)enlightenmentn.啟迪，啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)。句意表明：他的很多觀點(diǎn)都與正在討論的議題無(wú)關(guān)。因此本題選擇C項(xiàng)。

22.單選題

M:Howiseverythinggoingwithyou?

W:Notbad.Say,ifyouaredonefortheday,maybewecouldcelebrateyourbirthdayatStarbucks,I’llbuy!

Q:What’sthewomandoing?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Sheismakinganinvitation.

B.Sheismakingasuggestion.

C.Sheisaskingforadvice.

D.Sheisofferingheropinion

【答案】A

【解析】根據(jù)女士說(shuō)的話“如果你今天的工作完成了，也許我們可以到星巴克為你慶祝生日，我請(qǐng)客！”可知A選項(xiàng)‘她正在發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)。’正確。

23.單選題

Scientistsarealreadylooking（21）thepossibilityofusingsomeofthe（22）iceintheArcticandAntarctic.Inthese（23）therearevastice-capsformedbysnowthathasfallenoverthepast50,000years.Layer（24）layerofdeepsnowmeansthat,（25）melted,thesnowwaterwouldbepure,notsaltyassea-icewouldbe.Thereissomuch（26）purewaterherethatitwouldneedonlya（27）ofittoturnmuchofthedesertorpoorlyirrigatedpartsoftheworld（28）richfarmland.Andwhatusefulpackagesitwouldcomein!Itshouldbepossibletocutoffabitoficeand（29）it!Alternativelyperhapsa（30）icebergcouldbecaptured.Theyarealwaysbreakingawayfromthemaincapsandfloating（31）,pushedbycurrents,（32）theyeventuallymeltandarewasted.Manyicebergsare,ofcourse,（33）toosmalltobetowedanydistance,andwould（34）beforetheyreachedacountrythatneededthem（35）.Itwouldbenecessaryto（36）onethatwasmanageableandthatwasbigenoughtoprovideagood（37）oficewhenitreachedus.Engineersthinkthatanicebergupto11kilometerslongand2kilometers（38）couldbetransportedifthetugpullingitwasasbigasasupertanker!Eventhentheywouldcoveronly32kilometerseveryday.（39）,oncetheicebergwasatits（40）,morethat7,000millioncubicmetersofwatercouldbetakenfromit!

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.to

C.in

D.into

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.probable

B.nice

C.available

D.possible

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.parts

B.regions

C.countries

D.oceans

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.of

B.on

C.upon

D.and

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.when

B.as

C.after

D.before

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.good

B.possible

C.perpetual

D.potential

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.factor

B.fraction

C.framework

D.foundation

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.in

C.into

D.at

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.transport

B.transmit

C.transplant

D.transcribe

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.pass

B.passing

C.past

D.passed

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.around

B.above

C.everywhere

D.again

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.when

B.after

C.before

D.until

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.all

B.more

C.every

D.much

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.melt

B.resolve

C.vaporize

D.disappear

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.where

B.somewhere

C.anywhere

D.nowhere

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.draw

B.use

C.pull

D.harness

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.supply

B.usage

C.potential

D.storage

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.tall

B.broad

C.high

D.wide

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.Therefore

B.However

C.Thus

D.Although

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.terminal

B.end

C.stop

D.destination

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

第6題:D

第7題:B

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:B

第11題:A

第12題:D

第13題:D

第14題:A

第15題:C

第16題:D

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