考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天津公安警官職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天津公安警官職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

（

）

foryourhelp,we’dneverhavebeenabletogetoverthedifficulties.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Haditnot

B.Ifitwerenot

C.Haditnotbeen

D.Ifwehadnotbeen

【答案】C

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法。虛擬語(yǔ)氣的從句可以省略if，采用倒裝形式，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.單選題

Peoplewithmoretimidpersonalitiesmustbeencouragedto（

）andtogiveorders.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.getthrough

B.playsafe

C.takecharge

D.standby

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。getthrough“通過(guò)，完成”；playsafe“謹(jǐn)慎行事”；takecharge“掌管，負(fù)責(zé)”；standby“袖手旁觀”。句意為：必須鼓勵(lì)那些更加靦腆的人擔(dān)起責(zé)任并發(fā)號(hào)施令。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

3.翻譯題

Strangeisoursituationhereuponearth.Eachofuscomesforashortvisit,notknowingwhyyetsometimesseemingtodivineapurpose.

Fromthestandpointofdailylife,however,thereisonethingwedoknow:thatmanishereforthesakeofothermen—aboveallforthoseuponwhosesmileandwell-beingourownhappinessdepends,andalsoforthecountlessunknownsoulswithwhosefateweareconnectedbyabondofsympathy.ManytimesadayIrealizehowmuchmyownouterandinnerlifeisbuiltuponthelaborsofmyfellowmen,bothlivinganddead,andhowearnestlyImustexertmyselfinordertogiveinreturnasmuchasIhavereceived.MypeaceofmindisoftentroubledbythedepressingsensethatIhaveborrowedtooheavilyfromtheworkofothermen.

Toponderinterminablyoverthereasonforone’sownexistenceorthemeaningoflifeingeneralseemstome,fromanobjectivepointofview,tobesheerfolly.Andyeteveryoneholdscertainidealsbywhichheguideshisaspirationandhisjudgment.Theidealswhichhavealwaysshonebeforemeandfilledmewiththejoyoflivingaregoodness,beauty,andtruth.Tomakeagoalofcomfortandhappinesshasneverappealedtome;asystemofethicsbuiltonthisbasiswouldbesufficientonlyforaherdofcattle.

【答案】我們?cè)谶@個(gè)世界上的處境很奇怪。每個(gè)人短暫來(lái)訪，不知原因。不過(guò)有時(shí)候似乎也會(huì)察覺(jué)到某種目的。

然而，從日常生活的角度來(lái)看，有一樣是確定的：人總是為了他人而活著。為了那些重要的人，他們的笑容和幸福是我們快樂(lè)的來(lái)源。也是為了數(shù)不清的陌生人，憐憫之心將我們與他們連系在一起。每天我都會(huì)多次意識(shí)到，我自己的物質(zhì)生活和精神生活，在多大程度上是建立在同胞的勞動(dòng)之上的，他們或活著，或者已經(jīng)逝去。意識(shí)到我必須多么努力地去付出，以回報(bào)我所得到的一切?？偢杏X(jué)我從他人的勞動(dòng)成果中獲取太多，為此我經(jīng)常惴惴不安。

總體上，在我看來(lái)，沒(méi)完沒(méi)了地思考自己存在的理由和生命的意義是非常愚蠢的行為。然而，每個(gè)人都有自己的理想來(lái)指引自己的抱負(fù)和是非判斷。始終在我面前閃耀著，讓我深感活著的喜悅的理想是善、美和真理。以舒適和幸福為目的的理想從來(lái)不能吸引我。建立在這個(gè)基礎(chǔ)之上的倫理體系只能適用于一群牲畜。

4.單選題

Wecanhardlyavoidmakinganymistakesinourwork____hardwetry.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whatever

B.how

C.nomatter

D.however

【答案】D

【解析】考查狀語(yǔ)從句。此句為讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)后面的副詞hard可以判斷，答案只能從B和D選擇，D項(xiàng)however=nomatterhow，根據(jù)句意：無(wú)論我們多么努力，在工作中都會(huì)不可避免地犯錯(cuò)誤，因此D更合適。

5.單選題

Youcan'tkeepthemilkoutsideforanight,itwillturn（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sour

B.stained

C.rotten

D.acid

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A:sour“有酸味的”；B:stained“玷污的”；C:rotten“腐爛的；惡臭的”；D:acid“酸性的”。句意：你不能把牛奶放在外面過(guò)夜，它會(huì)變質(zhì)。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，表示牛奶變酸，故選A。

6.單選題

Manyfarmerscametothecity,（

）jobsandforalltheotherlegendaryopportunitiesoflifeinthecity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lookingfor

B.tolookfor

C.havinglookedfor

D.lookedfor

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)?？崭褚钊氲膭?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)考查的是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的應(yīng)用。lookfor“追尋，尋找”，選項(xiàng)A現(xiàn)在分詞表示動(dòng)作lookfor與主句的主語(yǔ)之間存在的是主謂關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)B動(dòng)詞不定式表示的是目的。選項(xiàng)C表示的是動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。選項(xiàng)D表示的是動(dòng)作lookfor與主句的主語(yǔ)之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，不符合句子的意思。句意為：許多農(nóng)民來(lái)到城市，尋找工作和在城市的其他生活的傳奇機(jī)遇。故正確答案選A。

7.單選題

Theimportanceof（）canneverbeneglectedwhenitcomestofulfillingone’smilitarymissions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.popularity

B.peculiarity

C.punctuality

D.potentiality

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)popularity“受歡迎的、名氣”；B選項(xiàng)peculiarity“特質(zhì)、特性”；C選項(xiàng)punctuality“準(zhǔn)時(shí)、守時(shí)”；D選項(xiàng)potentiality“潛能、潛力”，句意為：在完成軍事任務(wù)時(shí)，守時(shí)的重要性是不可忽視的。punctuality“準(zhǔn)時(shí)、守時(shí)”符合題意，選項(xiàng)C正確。

8.單選題

Thecommunityhealthnurseoftennotesthedevastatingeffectsonfamilymembersasthepatient’schronicillnesstakesitscourse.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.developsgradually

B.deterioratessuddenly

C.recoversultimately

D.recursfrequently

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.developsgradually逐漸發(fā)展B.deterioratesuddenly突然惡化

C.recoversultimately最終恢復(fù)D.recursfrequently頻繁發(fā)作

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意：社區(qū)衛(wèi)生護(hù)士經(jīng)常注意到，家庭成員會(huì)受到毀滅性的影響，當(dāng)病人的慢性疾病……應(yīng)該是慢性疾病的慢慢發(fā)展會(huì)給家庭帶來(lái)毀滅性影響。劃線詞組takesitscourse“順其自然”，也就是病程。因此選Adevelopsgradually“逐漸發(fā)展”與劃線詞詞義相似。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)deterioratesuddenly突然惡化，不符合劃線詞詞義；

C選項(xiàng)recoversultimately最終恢復(fù)，不符合劃線詞詞義；

D選項(xiàng)recursfrequently頻繁發(fā)作，不符合劃線詞詞義。

【句意】社區(qū)保健護(hù)士經(jīng)常注意到病人的慢性疾病的病程對(duì)家庭成員的破壞性影響。

9.單選題

Manytouristswere（）bythecity'scomplicatedtrafficsystem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.degraded

B.bewildered

C.evoked

D.diverted

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式。A選項(xiàng)degrade“貶低；使丟臉；使降級(jí)”；B選項(xiàng)bewilder“使迷惑，使不知所措”；C選項(xiàng)evoke“引起，喚起；博得”；D選項(xiàng)divert“轉(zhuǎn)移；使歡娛；使轉(zhuǎn)向”。句意：這個(gè)城市的復(fù)雜交通系統(tǒng)讓很多游客感到迷惑。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“復(fù)雜的交通系統(tǒng)”可知B項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

9.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Togoshopping.

B.Togobacktowork.

C.Tochangetheirtopic.

D.Toentertaintheirguests.

【答案】C

【解析】W:Here,youtwoguy,youarefuckingshotagain.It’snotveryentertainingorwise.

M:Yes,thanksforadvisingus.It’stimetoenjoylife.

Q:Whatmightthemendoaccordingly?

【解析】對(duì)話中女士說(shuō)：youarefuckingshotagain，意思是并沒(méi)有那么有意思。因此男士可能會(huì)“改變?cè)掝}”從而“享受生活”。

11.單選題

V.CivilandCommercialLaw

Theabsenceofprivityofcontractprecludedapersonfromrecoveringagainstanegligentactorwhocausedthatpersonharm,whereverthenegligentactconstitutedabreachofcontractwithsomeoneelse.TheHouseofLordsinDonoghuev.Stevensonruledthatmanufacturersdidoweadutyofcaretotheultimateconsumernottocreaterisksofharmthroughthemanufacturingprocess.InreachingthisconclusiontheCourtexaminedthespecifickindsofdutieswhichthelawhadimposedinavarietyofsituationsandderivedtherefromageneralprincipleforthelawofnegligence.

InthewordsofLordAtkin:AtpresentIcontentmyselfwithpointingoutthatinEnglishlawtheremustbe,andis,somegeneralconceptionofrelationsgivingrisetoadutyofcare,ofwhichtheparticularcasesfoundinthebooksarebutinstances.Theliabilityfornegligence,whetheryoustyleitsuchortreatitasinothersystemsasaspeciesof“culpa”,isnodoubtbaseduponageneralpublicsentimentofmoralwrongdoingforwhichtheoffendermustpay.Butactsoromissionswhichanymoralcodewouldcensurecannotinapracticalworldbetreatedsoastogivearighttoeverypersoninjuredbythemtodemandrelief.Inthiswayrulesoflawarisewhichlimittherangeofcomplainantsandtheextentoftheirremedy.Therulethatyouaretoloveyourneighborbecomesinlaw,youmustnotinjureyourneighbor;andthelawyer’squestion,whoismyneighbor?receivesarestrictedreply.Youmusttakereasonablecaretoavoidactsoromissionswhichyoucanreasonablyforeseewouldbelikelytoinjureyourneighbor.Who,then,inlawismyneighbor?TheanswerseemstobepersonswhoaresocloselyanddirectlyaffectedbymyactthatIoughtreasonablytohavethemincontemplationasbeingsoaffectedwhenIamdirectingmymindtotheactsoromissionswhicharecalledinquestion.TheunderlyingstructureofthereasoningofLordAtkin’sjudgmentmaybestatedasfollows:(1)Thereareasetofcaseswherecourtshavefoundliabilityforfailingtotakecare.(2)Inthesecasesthecourtsestablishedastandardofcare.(3)Inthesesituationswecaninferfromthefactthatthelawimposesaduty(standardofcare)totakecare.Thelawofnegligenceextendstothiskindofactivity.

1.Accordingtothefirstsentence,apersoninjuredmaynotbeabletorecoveragainstanegligentactorwhocausedtheharmbecause___.

2.LordAtkinthinksthat___.

3.Inthesenseoftortlaw,aneighborisonewho___.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTareasoningforthelawofnegligence___.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.therelacksarelationofcontractbetweenthetwo

B.theydonotknoweachother

C.theactorisnegligent

D.manufacturersdonotoweadutyofcaretotheultimateconsumer

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Englishlawdoesnothaveageneralconceptionofdutyofcare

B.theliabilityfornegligenceshouldbestyledasaspeciesof“culpa”

C.theliabilityfornegligenceisbaseduponapublicunderstandingthatoffendersmustpayfortheirwrongdoing

D.everypersoninjuredshouldbegivenarighttodemandrelief

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.livesnextdoortoyou

B.youoweadutyofcare

C.shouldbetakengoodcareof

D.hasfriendlyrelationshipwithyou

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thereisadutytotakecareimposedbylaw

B.Thedoerfailedtotakecare

C.Thefailurecauseddamagesorinjurytoothers

D.Thedoerhasforeseentheresult

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段第一句Theabsenceofprivityofcontractprecludedapersonfromrecoveringagainstanegligentactorwhocausedthatpersonharm,whereverthenegligentactconstitutedabreachofcontractwithsomeoneelse.（合同相對(duì)性的缺失使一個(gè)人無(wú)法對(duì)給自己造成傷害的過(guò)失行為人獲得賠償，無(wú)論該過(guò)失行為是否構(gòu)成了對(duì)他人的違約）可知選A選項(xiàng)“兩者之間缺乏契約關(guān)系”；B選項(xiàng)“他們彼此不認(rèn)識(shí)”，C選項(xiàng)“行為人疏忽”第一段未提及；根據(jù)第一段第二句TheHouseofLordsinDonoghuev.Stevensonruledthatmanufacturersdidoweadutyofcaretotheultimateconsumernottocreaterisksofharmthroughthemanufacturingprocess.（英國(guó)上議院在Donoghuev.Stevenson案中裁定，制造商確實(shí)對(duì)最終消費(fèi)者負(fù)有注意義務(wù)，不應(yīng)在制造過(guò)程中造成傷害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）可知D選項(xiàng)“制造商對(duì)最終消費(fèi)者不負(fù)有注意義務(wù)”和原文相悖。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段Theliabilityfornegligence,whetheryoustyleitsuchortreatitasinothersystemsasaspeciesof“culpa”,isnodoubtbaseduponageneralpublicsentimentofmoralwrongdoingforwhichtheoffendermustpay.（過(guò)失責(zé)任，無(wú)論你將其視為“罪犯”的一種，或?qū)⑵湟暈槠渌贫戎械囊环N，無(wú)疑是基于公眾普遍的道德錯(cuò)誤情緒，而犯罪者必須為此付出代價(jià)）可知C選項(xiàng)“過(guò)失責(zé)任的基礎(chǔ)是公眾認(rèn)識(shí)到違法者必須為他們的過(guò)錯(cuò)付出代價(jià)”正確；根據(jù)第二段開(kāi)頭InthewordsofLordAtkin:AtpresentIcontentmyselfwithpointingoutthatinEnglishlawtheremustbe,andis,somegeneralconceptionofrelationsgivingrisetoadutyofcare,ofwhichtheparticularcasesfoundinthebooksarebutinstances.（用阿特金勛爵的話說(shuō)：目前我滿足于指出，在英國(guó)法律中，必須而且是一些關(guān)系的一般概念，產(chǎn)生了一種謹(jǐn)慎的義務(wù)，書中所發(fā)現(xiàn)的特殊情況只是實(shí)例）可知A選項(xiàng)“英國(guó)法沒(méi)有注意義務(wù)的一般概念”和原文相悖；B選項(xiàng)“過(guò)失責(zé)任應(yīng)該被定義為一種‘過(guò)失’”原文沒(méi)有直接說(shuō)明；第二段Butactsoromissionswhichanymoralcodewouldcensurecannotinapracticalworldbetreatedsoastogivearighttoeverypersoninjuredbythemtodemandrelief.（但是，在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中，任何道德準(zhǔn)則都不會(huì)責(zé)難的作為或不作為都不能被視為給予每一個(gè)受其傷害的人要求救濟(jì)的權(quán)利）可知D選項(xiàng)“每個(gè)受傷的人都應(yīng)該被賦予要求救濟(jì)的權(quán)利”不符合原文。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第二段Who,then,inlawismyneighbor?TheanswerseemstobepersonswhoaresocloselyanddirectlyaffectedbymyactthatIoughtreasonablytohavethemincontemplationasbeingsoaffectedwhenIamdirectingmymindtotheactsoromissionswhicharecalledinquestion.（這樣，誰(shuí)是我的鄰舍呢？答案似乎是——那些受到我的行為密切而直接影響的人，當(dāng)我將我的思想導(dǎo)向被質(zhì)疑的作為或不作為時(shí)，我應(yīng)該合理地考慮他們是如何受到影響的）可知在侵權(quán)法的意義上，鄰居是會(huì)受到“我”行為密切影響的人，“我”需要考慮他們是如何受到影響，選B選項(xiàng)“你應(yīng)負(fù)注意義務(wù)”；A選項(xiàng)“住在你隔壁”，D選項(xiàng)“與你有友好的關(guān)系”原文未提及；原文只是說(shuō)“我”的行為會(huì)密切和直接影響鄰居，沒(méi)有要求必須好好照顧?quán)従?，C選項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該被好好照顧”錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段末TheunderlyingstructureofthereasoningofLordAtkin’sjudgmentmaybestatedasfollows:(1)Thereareasetofcaseswherecourtshavefoundliabilityforfailingtotakecare.(2)Inthesecasesthecourtsestablishedastandardofcare.(3)Inthesesituationswecaninferfromthefactthatthelawimposesaduty(standardofcare)totakecare.Thelawofnegligenceextendstothiskindofactivity.（阿特金勛爵的判決推理的基本結(jié)構(gòu)可以說(shuō)如下：（1）在一系列案件中，法院發(fā)現(xiàn)了因疏忽而應(yīng)承擔(dān)的責(zé)任。（2）在這些案件中，法院確立了謹(jǐn)慎的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。（3）在這些情況下，我們可以從法律規(guī)定的注意義務(wù)（注意標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）中推斷出來(lái)。過(guò)失法也適用于這種行為）可知A選項(xiàng)“法律規(guī)定有謹(jǐn)慎的義務(wù)”，B選項(xiàng)“行事者沒(méi)有注意”符合原文，同時(shí)可知D選項(xiàng)“行為者已經(jīng)預(yù)見(jiàn)了結(jié)果”和原文相悖，原文明確提出在一系列案件中，法院發(fā)現(xiàn)了因疏忽而應(yīng)承擔(dān)的責(zé)任；根據(jù)第一段TheHouseofLordsinDonoghuev.Stevensonruledthatmanufacturersdidoweadutyofcaretotheultimateconsumernottocreaterisksofharmthroughthemanufacturingprocess.（英國(guó)上議院在Donoghuev.Stevenson案中裁定，制造商確實(shí)對(duì)最終消費(fèi)者負(fù)有注意義務(wù)，不應(yīng)在制造過(guò)程中造成傷害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）可知造成傷害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的話是需要承擔(dān)義務(wù)，則為C選項(xiàng)“該故障對(duì)他人造成損害或傷害”也屬于過(guò)失法的理由。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

12.單選題

（）theyhopetogohometomorrow,theyareresignedtostayingonuntiltheendofyear.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Muchas

B.Muchthough

C.Asmuch

D.Thoughmuch

【答案】A

【解析】考查狀語(yǔ)從句的倒裝。句意：盡管他們很希望明天就回家，但他們還是決定一直待到年底。as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句表示盡管時(shí)，要將賓語(yǔ)或副詞倒裝，muchas表示盡管很……，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

TourismhasseriouslydamagedfragileecosystemsliketheAlps,thewinterskiingplaygroundofEurope,andthetrekkingareasoftheHimalayas.Worldwide,itposesaseriousthreattocoastalhabitatslikedunes,mangroveforestsandcoralreefs.Itfuelsaboomingandusuallyillegaltradeintheproductsofthreatenedwildlife,fromtortoiseshellandcoraltoivory.Its“consumers”inevitablybringtheirhabitsandexpectationswiththem—whetherit’shotshowersandflushtoiletsorwell-wateredgreensforgolfers.IntheHimalayas,showersfortrekkersoftenmeanfirewood,whichmeansdeforestation.InHawaiiandBarbados,itwasfoundthateachtouristusedbetweensixandtentimesasmuchwaterandelectricityasalocal.InGoa,villagersforcedtowalktowellsfortheirwaterhadtowatchasapipelinetoanewluxuryhotelwasbuiltthroughtheirland.Overthepastdecade,golf,becauseofitsappetiteforland,waterandherbicides,hasemergedasoneofthebiggestculprits,somuchsothat“golfwars”havebrokenoutinpartsofSoutheastAsia:campaignersinJapan,oneofthechiefexponentsofgolftourism,havelaunchedanannualWorldNoGolfDay.

Someobserversnowarguethattourismcanstrengthenlocalculturesbyencouraginganawarenessoftraditionandtheceremoniesandfestivalsthatgowithit.Butwhat’sthevalueoftraditionifit’skeptaliveself-consciously,forprofit,andbearslittlerelationtoreallife—which,today,acrosstheworld,growsevermoreuniform?Hencethedismissivereferencesto“humanzoos,”“airportart”andthetrinketizationofcultures.ThesearequestionsthatapplyasmuchtofoxhuntinginBritainandCarnivalinRiodeJaneiroastoso-calledcannibaltoursinThailand.What’sundeniableisthattourism,inonewayoranother,changestradition,andformanypeople,particularlyintheThirdWorld,thatchangelooksandfeelslikedegradation.

Partoftheproblemisthattourismiscolonialisminanotherguise—economicratherthanpolitical.Henceitrubshardagainstthegrowingworldwidemovementforlocalornationalself-determination.Buttherearealsosomeprofoundandoftenirreconcilabledifferencesinperception.

Whatmakespeoplewanttotravel?Theshortanswercentersontheconceptofescape.AccordingtoJostKrippendorf,theSwissacademicwhoisoneoftheleadingauthoritiesonmoderntourism,peopletravelbecause“theynolongerfeelhappywheretheyare—wheretheywork,wheretheylive.Theyfeelthemonotonyofthedailyroutine,thecoldrationalityoffactories,offices,apartmentblocksandtransport,shrinkinghumancontact...thelossofnatureandnaturalness.”MacCannellarguesthatmasstourismisaproductofthe“mostdepersonalized”epochinhistory.Well,maybe.It’struethatpeoplewithgardens,orthosewholiveinsmalltowns,takefewerholidaysthanapartment-blockresidentsorcitydwellers.It’sprobablyalsotruethatwhatwecasuallyrefertoasthe“pressuresofdailylife”―work,family,commuting—aremoreintense,insomerespects,thaneverbefore.Yetpeoplehavealwaysfeltadesireforsomethingmorethantheirliferoutinelyofferthem—something,well,different.It’spartlybecausehumansarenaturallyinquisitiveandexploratorybutalso,andmoresignificant,becauseweneedtheunknown,whathistoriansofreligioncall“otherness,”tolendourlivessignificance.Soweconceiveofidealworlds—Paradise,theGoldenAge,Heaven,Atlantis,andShangri-La—anddream,sometimes,ofattainingthem.

1.Accordingtothepassage,（）.

2.Accordingtothewriter,（）

3.Peopletravelbecause（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tourismhasseriouslydamagedfragileecosystems

B.tourismposesaseriousthreattopeople’smentalsystem

C.tourismblocksaboomingandusuallyillegaltradeintheproductsofthreatenedwildlife

D.tourisminevitablybringsitshabitsandexpectationstoits“consumers”

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.tourismcanstrengthenlocalcultures.

B.tourismcanencourageanawarenessoftraditionandtheceremoniesandfestivalsthatgowithit.

C.tourisminonewayoranother,changestradition,particularlyintheThirdWorld.

D.tourismcanpromotethegrowingworldwidemovementforlocalornationalself-determination.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theyfeelhappyforwhattheyalreadyhave

B.theydonotfeelhappyforwhattheyalreadyhave

C.theyfeelsickofthepeopleinthecommunity

D.theywanttoescapefromtheplacewheretheyliveandworkduetounhappiness

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Peoplelivinginbigcitieshavefewerholidaysthanthosewholiveinsmalltowns.

B.Peoplelivinginsmalltownshavefewerholidaysthanthosewholiveinbigcities.

C.Peoplelivinginbigcitieshavemuchmorepressureofdailylifethanthosewholiveinsmalltowns.

D.Peoplelivinginsmalltownshavelesspressureofdailylifethanthosewholiveinbigcities.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

【解析】1.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由A選項(xiàng)可以定位到文章中“Tourismhasseriouslydamagedfragileecosystems...”，中文翻譯為：旅游業(yè)已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重?fù)p害了脆弱的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)?？芍狝選項(xiàng)正確；文章中沒(méi)有涉及B選項(xiàng)；由C選項(xiàng)“旅游業(yè)阻礙了瀕危野生動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品的繁榮和非法貿(mào)易”可以定位到文章中“Itfuelsaboomingandusuallyillegaltradeintheproductsofthreatenedwildlife...”，中文翻譯為旅游業(yè)助長(zhǎng)了貿(mào)易蓬勃發(fā)展，而通常是非法的貿(mào)易，可知C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，與文章意思相反；根據(jù)原文“Its‘consumers’inevitablybringtheirhabitsandexpectationswiththem—whetherit’shotshowersandflushtoiletsorwell-wateredgreensforgolfers.”，中文翻譯為：“消費(fèi)者”不可避免地帶來(lái)他們的習(xí)慣和期望——無(wú)論是熱水淋浴和沖洗廁所或?yàn)楦郀柗蚯蚴痔峁补嗟木G地?？梢缘弥狣選項(xiàng)“旅游不可避免地給消費(fèi)者帶來(lái)其習(xí)慣和期望”是錯(cuò)誤的。因此答案為A。

2.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由C選項(xiàng)可以定位到文章“What’sundeniableisthattourism,inonewayoranother,changestradition,andformanypeople,particularlyintheThirdWorld,thatchangelooksandfeelslikedegradation.”，中文翻譯為：不可否認(rèn)的是，旅游業(yè)以這樣或那樣的方式改變傳統(tǒng)，而且對(duì)許多人來(lái)說(shuō)，尤其是在第三世界，這種改變看起來(lái)、感覺(jué)是退化。因此C選項(xiàng)“旅游業(yè)以這樣或那樣的方式改變傳統(tǒng)，尤其是在第三世界”符合題意。

3.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題?？梢远ㄎ坏轿恼碌谒亩沃小癆ccordingtoJostKrippendorf,theSwissacademicwhoisoneoftheleadingauthoritiesonmoderntourism,peopletravelbecause‘theynolongerfeelhappywheretheyare—wheretheywork,wheretheylive…’”，中文翻譯為：現(xiàn)代旅游的主要權(quán)威者之一的瑞士學(xué)者JostKrippendorf稱，人們旅行，因?yàn)椤八麄儾辉俑械礁吲d——他們工作的地方，他們住的地方……”?？芍狣選項(xiàng)“由于不滿，他們想逃離他們的生活和工作的地方”是正確的。

4.【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段中“It’struethatpeoplewithgardens,orthosewholiveinsmalltowns,takefewerholidaysthanapartment-blockresidentsorcitydwellers.”，中文翻譯為：的確，住在帶花園的地方或那些生活在小城鎮(zhèn)的人們，比公寓的居民和城市居民更少去度假?？梢酝茰y(cè)出B選項(xiàng)“生活在小城鎮(zhèn)的人比那些生活在大城市的人有更少的假期”正確。

14.單選題

Whatisthenatureofthescientificattitude,theattitudeofthemanorwomanwhostudiesandappliesphysics,biology,chemistry,geology,engineering,medicineoranyotherscience?Weallknowthatscienceplaysanimportantroleinthesocieties.However,manypeoplebelievethatourprogressdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience.Thefirstaspectistheapplicationofthemachines,productsandsystemsofknowledgethatscientistsandtechnologistsdevelop.Throughtechnology,scienceimprovesthestructureofsocietyandhelpsmantogainincreasingcontroloverhisenvironment.

Thesecondaspectistheapplicationbyallmembersofsocietyofthespecialmethodsofthoughtandactionthatscientistsuseintheirwork.

Whatarethesespecialmethodsofthinkingandacting?Firstofall,itseemsthatasuccessfulscientistisfullofcuriosityhewantstofindouthowandwhytheuniverseworks.Heusuallydirectshisattentiontowardsproblemswhichhenoticeshavenosatisfactoryexplanation,andhiscuriositymakeshimlookforunderlyingrelationshipsevenifthedataavailableseemtobeunconnected.Moreover,hethinkshecanimprovetheexistingconditionsandenjoystryingtosolvetheproblemswhichthisinvolves.

Heisgoodobserver,accurate,patientandobjectiveandapplieslogicalthoughttotheobservationshemakes.Heutilizesthefactsheobservestothefullestextent.Forexample,trainedobserversobtainaverylargeamountofinformationaboutastarmainlyfromtheaccurateanalysisofthesimplelinesthatappearinaspectrum.

Heisskeptical—hedoesnotacceptstatementswhicharenotbasedonthemostcompleteevidenceavailableandthereforerejectsauthorityasthesolebasisfortruth.Scientistsalwayscheckstatementsandmakeexperimentscarefullyandobjectivelytoverifythem.

Furthermore,heisnotonlycriticaloftheworkofothers,butalsoofhisown,sinceheknowsthatmanistheleastreliableofscientificinstrumentsandthatanumberoffactorstendtodisturbobjectiveinvestigation.

Lastly,heishighlyimaginativesinceheoftenhastolookforrelationshipsindatawhicharenotonlycomplexbutalsofrequentlyincomplete.Furthermore,heneedsimaginationifhewantstomakehypothesesofhowprocessesworkandhoweventstakeplace.

Theseseemtobesomeofthewaysinwhichasuccessfulscientistortechnologistthinksandacts.

1.Manypeoplebelievethatsciencehelpssocietytoprogressthrough（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTaboutcuriosity?

3.Accordingtothepassage,asuccessfulscientistwouldnot（）.

4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthetopic?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.appliedknowledge

B.morethanoneaspect

C.technologyonly

D.theuseofmachines

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itgivesthescientistconfidenceandpleasureinwork.

B.Itgivesrisetointerestinproblemsthatareunexplained.

C.Itleadstoeffortstoinvestigatepotentialconnections.

D.Itencouragesthescientisttolookfornewwaysofacting.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.easilybelieveinuncheckedstatements

B.easilycriticizeothers’researchwork

C.alwaysusehisimaginationinwork

D.alwaysuseevidencefromobservation

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Applicationoftechnology.

B.Progressinmodernsociety.

C.Scientists’waysofthinkingandacting.

D.Howtobecomeasuccessfulscientific.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Critical

B.Objective

C.Biased

D.Unclear

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第一段指出:However,manypeoplebelievethatourprogressdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience(然而，許多人認(rèn)為社會(huì)的進(jìn)步取決于科學(xué)的兩個(gè)不同方面)。因此B項(xiàng)“不止一個(gè)方面”正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞curiosity定位至第三段。A:它賦予了科學(xué)家在工作中的信心和樂(lè)趣。第三段最后一句指出:Moreover,hethinkshecanimprovetheexistingconditionsandenjoystryingtosolvetheproblemswhichthisinvolves(除此之外，他認(rèn)為自己能夠改善現(xiàn)有的條件并享受努力解決相關(guān)問(wèn)題的過(guò)程)。由此可見(jiàn)，A項(xiàng)符合原文所述。B:它激發(fā)人們對(duì)未解之謎的興趣。該段還指出:hewantstofindouthowandwhytheuniverseworks(他想要發(fā)現(xiàn)宇宙運(yùn)行的原因和方式)。這里的howandwhytheuniverseworks相當(dāng)于B項(xiàng)的problemsthatareunexplained，由此可見(jiàn)，B項(xiàng)符合原文所述。C:它引導(dǎo)人們研究(調(diào)查)潛在的聯(lián)系。根據(jù)該段中的“hiscuriositymakeshimlookforunderlyingrelationshipsevenifthedataavailableseemtobeunconnected(他的這種好奇心促使他去探尋事物之間潛藏的聯(lián)系，即使相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)顯示這些事物之間似乎沒(méi)有聯(lián)系)”可知C項(xiàng)也符合原文所述。D:它鼓勵(lì)科學(xué)家尋找新的行為方式。只有D項(xiàng)在原文中找不到相關(guān)信息，故本題選D。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第五段指出:hedoesnotacceptstatementswhicharenotbasedonthemostcompleteevidenceavailable(他不會(huì)去接受那些不是基于充分的證據(jù)的論斷)。因此A項(xiàng)“輕易相信未經(jīng)檢查的陳述”正確。

第4題:主旨大意題。本文采取總—分的結(jié)構(gòu)，先是總述:科學(xué)在社會(huì)中起著重要作用，然而，許多人都認(rèn)為社會(huì)的進(jìn)步取決于科學(xué)的兩個(gè)不同的方面。后面重點(diǎn)講了科學(xué)的第二個(gè)方面，即科學(xué)家在工作的過(guò)程中所使用的思考和行為方法，因此C項(xiàng)“科學(xué)家思考和行動(dòng)的方式”是文章重點(diǎn)討論的。

第5題:觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。此文章為說(shuō)明文。文章只是客觀陳述了許多人認(rèn)為決定社會(huì)進(jìn)步的兩個(gè)不同的科學(xué)方面，重點(diǎn)介紹了科學(xué)家在工作的過(guò)程中所使用的思考和行為方法，并未摻雜個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)及情感，故選B項(xiàng)。

15.單選題

TheEuropeanUnioncountrieswereonceworriedthattheywouldnothave（

）suppliesofpetroleum.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.proficient

B.efficient

C.potential

D.sufficient

【答案】D

【解析】句意:歐盟國(guó)家曾擔(dān)心他們石油供應(yīng)不足。

形容詞辨析。Proficient熟練的，精通的;efficient有效率的，生效的;potential潛在的，可能的;sufficient足夠的，充分的。故D符合句意。

16.單選題

8.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Acustomsofficer.

B.Theman'smother.

C.Aschoolheadmaster.

D.Animmigrationofficer.

【答案】D

【解析】W:Weunderstandthatyouarenotattendingschool.

M:I’vebeenattending,but,I’vebeensickrecently.

W:You’veattendedonlythreedayssincelastJuly.

M:Threedays?No.It’sbeenmorethanthat.

W:Wearegoingtohavetotakeawayyourvisa.

Q:Whatisthewoman?

【解析】推斷題。女士說(shuō)：Wearegoingtohavetotakeawayyourvisa(我們得收回你的簽證)，說(shuō)明女士是一名移民官。

17.單選題

Inmodernsociety,peoplehavemoreandmoreanxietyindailylifeaswellasinworkbecauseofthe（）ofthecitylife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.speed

B.rhythm

C.velocity

D.tempo

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A:speed“速度；快速”；B:rhythm“節(jié)奏”；C:velocity“速率”；D:tempo“［樂(lè)］速度，拍子”。句意：在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)，由于城市生活的節(jié)奏，人們?cè)谌粘Ｉ詈凸ぷ髦卸加懈嘟箲]。結(jié)合此處語(yǔ)境，B為正確答案。

18.單選題

ItisincongruousthatthenumberofBritishinstitutionsofferingMBAcoursesshouldhavegrownby254percentduringaperiodwhentheeconomyhasbeenslidingintodeeperrecession.Optimists,orthosegiventospeed,assumptions,mightthinkitmarveloustohavesucharesourceofbusinessschoolgraduatesreadyfortherecovery.Unfortunately,thereisnowmuchdoubtaboutthevalueofthedegreenotleastamongMBAgraduatesthemselves,sufferingastheyarefromtheeffectsofrecessionandfacingtheprospectofshrinkingmanagementstructures.

Whatwastakensomeyearsagoasaticketofcertainadmissiontosuccessisnowbeingexposedtothescrutinyofcost-consciousemployerswhoseek“can-dos”ratherthan“might-dos”,andwhofeelthatacademiahasnotbeensufficientlyappreciativeoftheneedsofindustryoroftheemployers’possiblecontribution.

Itiscurious,giventhenameofthedegree,thatthereshouldbenoleaguetableforUKbusinessschools;nounanimityaboutwhatthedegreeshouldencompass;andnoagreedsystemofaccreditation.Surelythereissomethingwrong.Onewonderswhereallthetutorsforthismassiveinfusionofbusinessexpertisecamefromandwhyallthismushroomingtookplace.

Perhapscompaniesthatmadelargeinvestmentswouldhavebeenwisertoinvestinalreadyexistingmanagers,perchedanxiouslyontheirowninternalladders.TheInstituteofManagement’s1992survey,whichrevealedthateighty-onepercentofmanagersthoughttheypersonallywouldbemoreeffectiveiftheyreceivedmoretraining,suggeststhatthismightbethecase.Thereis,too,thefactthattrainingalonedoesnotmakesuccessfulmanagers.Theyneedtheinherentqualificationsofcharacter;adegreeofself-subjugation;and,aboveall,theabilitytocommunicateandlead;moresonow,whenempowermentisabuzzwordthatisatleastgeneratinggenuflexions,ifnottotalconviction.

Onecaneasilythinkofpeople,somecomparativelyunlettered,whoarenowlaudedcaptainsofindustry.Wemay,therefore,notneedtobetooconcernedaboutthefallinapplicationsforbusinessschoolplaces,oreventhedoubtaboutMBAs.Theproliferationandsubsequentquestioningmayhavebeenaninevitableevolution.IftheManagementCharterInitiative,nowexploringtheintroductionofaseniormanagementqualification,issuccessful,therewillbeapowerfulcorrective.

Webelievenowthatmanagementisallaboutchange.Onehopestherewillbesomeofthatinrelationshipbetweenmanagementandsciencewithinindustry,currentlycausingconcernandwhichisoverdueforattention.No-onedoubtsthatweneedmorescientistsandinnovationtogiveusanedgeinanincreasinglycompetitiveworld.Ifscientistsfeelthemselvesundervaluedandunder-used,workinginindustrialghettos,thatisnotapromisingauguryforthefuture.Itseemswehavetoresolvethesemisapprehensionsbetweenscienceandindustry.Aboveall,wehavetomakesurethatmanagement