考研考博-英語-南陽農(nóng)業(yè)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南陽農(nóng)業(yè)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

AspecialmemorialservicewillbeheldintheCathedraltothe（

）500thanniversaryofitsconstruction.

問題1選項

A.note

B.illustrate

C.mark

D.remember

【答案】C

【解析】句意:為紀(jì)念大教堂建造500周年，一場特殊的紀(jì)念儀式將在里面被舉行。

考查動詞辨析。Note注意,留意,指出;illustrate(用示例、圖畫等)說明,解釋,表明…真實;mark做記號,做標(biāo)記,留下痕跡;remember回想起,記得,記起。分析題干可知此處表示“幾年500周年”,故選C。

2.單選題

Thegovernormightconceivablyfindagenuineresolutiontothebudgetarydilemma,butshemaybetemptedtoengageinadeception:a_______exerciseinfiscalprudence.

問題1選項

A.rigorous

B.blatant

C.specious

D.convincing

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項rigorous“嚴(yán)密的；嚴(yán)格的”；B選項blatant“公然的；炫耀的”；C選項specious“似是而非的；華而不實的”；D選項convincing“有說服力的”。句意：可以想象，這位州長可能會找到一個真正的解決預(yù)算困境的辦法，但她可能會被誘導(dǎo)去搞一場騙局：一個_______的財政審慎行動。根據(jù)語境，specious“似是而非的；華而不實的”搭配deception“騙局”比較合理。因此C選項正確。

3.單選題

Courageouspeoplethinkquicklyandactwithouthesitation.

問題1選項

A.delay

B.anxiety

C.complaint

D.consideration

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.delay延遲B.anxiety焦慮

C.complaint抱怨D.consideration考慮

【考查點】句間邏輯

【解題思路】本句的對象是“勇敢的人”，and并列兩個短語，前后語義應(yīng)一致。前者為“思考迅速（thinkquickly）”，后者為“行動沒有____”。根據(jù)前者“思考迅速”推斷，后者應(yīng)該是行動迅速，沒有遲疑，原詞hesitation“猶豫”，因此，A選項delay“延遲”與原詞最接近。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D選項不符合原文語義邏輯。

【句意】勇敢的人思考迅速，行動毫不猶豫。

4.單選題

Couplesblessedwithstrengthandaggression（）looksarebetteroffhavingboys,asthesecharacteristicsareofmoreusetomales.

問題1選項

A.otherthan

B.ratherthan

C.rathertoo

D.inspiteof

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。otherthan“不同于；除了”；ratherthan“而不是”；rathertoo“稍微”；inspiteof“盡管”。句意：那些體力更強和有進取心……外表好看的夫婦會更容易生男孩，因為這些特征對男性更有用。因此選項B符合題意。

5.單選題

Plasticsarethebestinsulatorofelectricity,rubber（

）itclosely.

問題1選項

A.following

B.followed

C.tofollow

D.beingfollowed

【答案】A

【解析】考查非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞的不定式表示將來或目的，過去分詞表示被動，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動。句中的it指代plastic，此處表示rubber緊跟plastic后面，為主動關(guān)系，因此選A。句意：塑料是最好的絕緣材料，橡膠緊隨其后。

6.案例題

Learningshouldn'tbelimitedtoacampusoraclassroomanyone.Ifyouhavetwochildrenandajob,you'rejustnotgoingto（1）ittoacollegeclassroomthreenightsaweek.Andthenthere'stheissueofcost.Ifyoudon'thavethemoneytogotoa（2）college,doesthatmeanthatyoushouldn'treceiveaneducation?Ofcoursenot.Youshouldhaveashotatthegoodlife,justlikeanybodyelse.

TheInternethasbrought（3）toeducation.Abachelor'sdegreeoramatter'sdegreeisnowavailabletoanybody,anywhere,regardlessofaperson'spositioninlife.ThankstotheInternet,educationisaccessiblewithoutregardto（4）.Youcanworktowardabachelor'sdegreewhileservingyourcountyonasubmarine.Andifsaccessiblewithoutregardtotime：Youcantakecoursesafteryourshiftends,evenifthat'sat2A.m.

What'sthe（5）obstacletoonlinelearning?Itisn'ttechnology.Companiesarespendingbillionofdollarsgloballytobuildanonline-learninginfrastructurethatincludesunderseacables.Andcompetitionamongprovidersisdrivingpricedown.Therealbottleneckiscultural.Whatneedstobe（6）isresistancetotheideaofonlinelearning.

TheaccreditationofJonesInternationalUniversityinMarch1999wasashotheardaroundtheworldNobody（7）thatatotallyonlineuniversitycouldbecomeaccrediteD.ThatevenhasputrealpressureontraditionalinstitutionstomoveintotheThirdWave.

Innovativeinstructorsatinstitutionsworldwidearediscoveringthepotentialofthe（8）environmenttodeliverinstructionofthehighestqualitytopeoplewhowouldotherwisehavelimited（9）tohighereducation.Thisisanexcitingandchallengingtimeineducation.

Simplydefined,onlineeducationreferstocourses（10）viatheInternet.Theminimumrequirementforstudentstoparticipateinanonlinecourseisaccesstoacomputer,theInternet,and（11）tosucceedinanontraditionalclassroom,Onlinelearningsystemshave（12）thewaypeoplecantakeclasses.Unliketraditionalcoursesinwhichthestudentsandinstructormeetface-to-faceonceorseveraltimesaweek,mostofthelearningactivitiesandcommunicationinanonlinecourseareasynchronous,meaningthatclassmembersparticipateinandcompletetheirassignmentat（13）timesthroughoutthedayandweek.Thisarrangementcanmakeitpossibleforyoutodoyourclassworkwhenit'smostconvenientforyou.However,withthisincreasedfreedomand（14）comesresponsibility.Withoutthestructureof（15）classmeeting,itwillbeuptoyoutopaceyourselfandkeepupwithassignments.

Directions:Chooseoneappropriatewordfromthefollowingwordbanktofillintheblanksnumberedfrom1to15inthepassagebelow,Changethewordformwherenecessary.Rememberthebankcontainssomeextrawordsthatmaynotbeusedinfillinganyoftheblanks.WritethewordsintheircorrectformswiththecorrespondingnumbersontheAnswerSheet.

democracy

imagination

different

flexibility

overcome

online

offer

traditional

modern

regular

make

possess

place

perform

big

motivate

anticipate

access

revolutionize

difficult

【答案】1.make

2.traditional

3.democracy

4.place

5.biggest

6.overcome

7.anticipated

8.online

9.access

10.offered

11.motive

12.revolutionized

13.different

14.flexibility

15.regular

【解析】1.makeitto為固定搭配，意為“趕上，到達”。句意:如果你有兩個孩子和一份工作,那么你不可能趕上每周三個晚上的大學(xué)課程。

2.填空處需填入形容詞修飾大學(xué),結(jié)合選項和句意可知，traditional更符合原文語境。

3.根據(jù)下文：現(xiàn)在，任何人、任何地方都可以獲得學(xué)士學(xué)位或某一學(xué)科的學(xué)位，無論他的人生地位如何。所以這里應(yīng)該指網(wǎng)絡(luò)帶來了教育的民主性。

4.根據(jù)下文：你可以在潛艇上服役的同時攻讀學(xué)士學(xué)位。說明不限制地點，這與下文的不限制時間一樣，都是列舉出例子。所以這里應(yīng)填入place。

5.這里指：網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)最大的障礙是什么呢？

6.既然是障礙，當(dāng)然需要克服它。句意:人們需要克服的是,抵制網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)這種思想。

7.根據(jù)句意:沒有人預(yù)料到一個完全在線的大學(xué)居然能夠獲得認(rèn)可。

8.既然是網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)校，當(dāng)然是網(wǎng)上授課的教學(xué)環(huán)境。所以這里填入online。

9.根據(jù)句意：世界各地教育機構(gòu)的創(chuàng)新導(dǎo)師正在發(fā)現(xiàn)，在線環(huán)境有潛力為那些原本接受高等教育機會有限的人提供最高質(zhì)量的教學(xué)。accessto指接近，有權(quán)利使用。符合原文句意。

10.句意:簡單地說，在線教育是指通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)提供的課程。課程是被提供，所以這里應(yīng)填入offered。

11.句意：學(xué)生參加在線課程的最低要求是能夠接觸電腦、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，以及在非傳統(tǒng)課堂上取得成功的。也就是說要達到成功的目的，所以這里填入motive恰當(dāng)。

12.句意：網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)徹底改變了人們上課接受知識的方式。

13.句意：與傳統(tǒng)的每周一次或幾次面對面授課的課程不同，在線課程中的學(xué)習(xí)活動和交流大多是不同步的，即班級成員在一天或一周的時間上課和完成作業(yè)。既然是不同步的，當(dāng)然也是在不同的時間上課和完成作業(yè)，所以這里填入different。

14.根據(jù)句意和句中的and可知，填空處應(yīng)填入與自由意思相近的名詞，選項中只有flexibility最恰當(dāng)。

15.根據(jù)下文的uptoyou可推測，上一句是指沒有定期的班會了。所以這里填入regular。

7.單選題

Onceitwaspossibletodefinemaleandfemaleroleseasilybythedivisionoflabor.Menworkedoutsidethehomeandearnedtheincometosupporttheirfamilies,whilewomencookedthemealsandtookcareofthehomeandthechildren.Theseroleswerefirmlyfixedformostpeople,andtherewasnotmuchopportunityforwomentoexchangetheirroles.Butbythemiddleofthiscentury,men’sandwomen’sroleswerebecominglessfirmlyfixed.

Inthe1950s,economicandsocialsuccesswasthegoalofthetypicalAmerican.Butinthe1960sanewforcedevelopedcalledthecounterculture.Thepeopleinvolvedinthismovementdidnotvaluethemiddle-classAmericangoals.Thecounterculturepresentedmenandwomenwithnewrolechoices.Takingmoreinterestinchildcare,menbegantosharechild-raisingtaskswiththeirwives.Infact,someyoungmenandwomenmovedtocommunalhomesorfarmswheretheeconomicandchildcareresponsibilitiesweresharedequallybybothsexes.Inaddition,manyAmericansdidnotvaluethetraditionalmaleroleofsoldier.SomeyoungmenrefusedtobedraftedassoldierstofightinthewarinVietnam.

Intermsofnumbers,thecounterculturewasnotaverylargegroupofpeople.ButitsinfluencespreadtomanypartsofAmericansociety.Workingmenofallclassesbegantochangetheireconomicandsocialpatterns.Industrialworkersandbusinessexecutivesalikecutdownon“overtime”worksothattheycouldspendmoreleisuretimewiththeirfamilies.Somedoctors,lawyers,andteachersturnedawayfromhighpayingsituationstopracticetheirprofessionsinpoorerneighborhoods.

Inthe1970s,thefeministmovement,orwomen’sliberation,producedadditionaleconomicandsocialchanges.Womenofallagesandatalllevelsofsocietywereenteringtheworkforceingreaternumbers.Mostofthemstilltooktraditionalwomen’sjobsaspublicschoolteaching,nursing,andsecretarialwork.Butsomewomenbegantoentertraditionallymaleoccupations:policework,banking,dentistry,andconstructionwork.Womenwereaskingforequalwork,andequalopportunitiesforpromotion.

Todaytheexpertsgenerallyagreethatimportantchangesaretakingplaceintherolesofmenandwomen.Naturally,therearedifficultiesinadjustingtothesetransformations.

1.WhichofthefollowingbestexpressthemainideaofParagraph1?

2.WhichsentencebestexpressesthemainideaofParagraph2?

3.Inthepassagetheauthorproposesthatthecounterculture（

）.

4.Itcouldbeinferredfromthepassagethat

（

）.

5.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe（

）.

問題1選項

A.Womenusuallyworkedoutsidethehomeforwages.

B.Menandwomen’sroleswereeasilyexchangedinthepast.

C.Men’srolesathomeweremorefirmlyfixedthanwomen’s.

D.Menandwomen’sroleswereusuallyquiteseparatedinthepast.

問題2選項

A.Thefirstsentence.

B.Thesecondandthethirdsentences.

C.Thefourthsentence.

D.Thelastsentence.

問題3選項

A.destroyedtheUnitedStates

B.transformedsomeAmericanvalues

C.wasnotimportantintheUnitedStates

D.broughtpeoplemoreleisuretimewiththeirfamilies

問題4選項

A.menandwomenwillneversharethesamegoals

B.somemenwillbewillingtoexchangetheirtraditionalmaleroles

C.mostmenwillbehappytosharesomeofthehouseholdresponsibilitieswiththeirwives

D.moreAmericanhouseholdsareheadedbywomenthaneverbefore

問題5選項

A.ResultsofFeministMovements

B.NewinfluenceinAmericanLife

C.CountercultureandItsconsequence

D.TraditionalDivisionofMaleandFemaleRoles

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。由文章第一段中Menworkedoutsidethehomeandearnedtheincometosupporttheirfamilies,whilewomencookedthemealsandtookcareofthehomeandthechildren.Theseroleswerefirmlyfixedformostpeople,andtherewasnotmuchopportunityforwomentoexchangetheirroles.可知過去男女的分工明確，角色相對固定，因此選D。

第2題:主旨大意題。文章第二段主要講述了反主流文化對男女分工角色的影響，再根據(jù)第一段最后一句中Butbythemiddleofthiscentury,men’sandwomen’sroleswerebecominglessfirmlyfixed.（但是到了本世紀(jì)中葉，男性和女性的角色越來越不固定）可知C選項最符合題意。A選項“在20世紀(jì)50年代，經(jīng)濟和社會的成功是典型的美國人的目標(biāo)”；B選項“但是在20世紀(jì)60年代，一支新的力量被稱為反文化。參與這場運動的人并不重視美國中產(chǎn)階級的目標(biāo)；C選項“反主流文化為男性和女性提供了新的角色選擇”；D選項“一些年輕男性拒絕應(yīng)征當(dāng)兵參加越南戰(zhàn)爭”。

第3題:推理判斷題。由文章第三段中ButitsinfluencespreadtomanypartsofAmericansociety（但它的影響卻蔓延到美國社會的許多方面）可推測反主流文化改變了美國的一些價值觀，因此選B。

第4題:推理判斷題。由文章第二段中Takingmoreinterestinchildcare,menbegantosharechild-raisingtaskswiththeirwives.Infact,someyoungmenandwomenmovedtocommunalhomesorfarmswheretheeconomicandchildcareresponsibilitiesweresharedequallybybothsexes.（由于對育兒更感興趣，男人們開始和妻子分擔(dān)撫養(yǎng)孩子的任務(wù)。事實上，一些年輕男女搬進了公共住宅或農(nóng)場，在那兒雙方共同承擔(dān)經(jīng)濟和撫養(yǎng)孩子的責(zé)任）可推測C選項“大多數(shù)男人都很樂意和妻子分擔(dān)一些家務(wù)”符合題意。

第5題:主旨大意題。文章第一段講述了過去社會男女分工明確，角色固定；第二三段講述了反主流文化以及它的影響；第四段講述了女權(quán)運動給美國社會和經(jīng)濟帶來的變化；最后一段簡單概括男女地位的變化與轉(zhuǎn)變中的困難。因此B選項“美國生活的新影響”符合題意。

8.單選題

ButNaifehandSmithrevealakeenintellect,anavidreaderandapassionateobserverofotherartists’workwhoprogressedfromlaboredfigurestudiestoinspiredoutburstsofcreativeenergy.Farfromanartisticflashinthepan,hepursuedhiscallingwithdoggeddeterminationagainstnearlyinsurmountableodds.

問題1選項

A.insuperable

B.unsurpassable

C.uncountable

D.invaluable

【答案】A

【解析】句中說到他“withdoggeddetermination”，堅持不懈地追求自己的理想，因此insurmountableodds必然代表“無法克服的困難”這一含義。A選項insuperable“不能克服的”；B選項unsurpassable“無法超越的”；C選項uncountable“無數(shù)的；不可數(shù)的”；D選項invaluable“無價的；非常貴重的”。從句意上來判斷，這里的nearlyinsurmountableodds指的是“幾乎無法克服的障礙”，因此A選項符合題意。

9.單選題

InsuranceinrespectofthepropertywillbeaffectedbytheSocietyinaccordancewiththeRulesandthemortgageconditions.TheSocietyhasawideexperienceofinsurancecompaniesastheSocietymaydetermineandplacesinsurancewithmanycompanieswhoareabletoprovideacoverwhichthesocietyconsidersnecessary.YoumayliketheSocietytoinsurewithaparticularcompany,andifsopleasecontactimmediatelytheBranchOfficetowhichyousubmittedyourapplicationforloan,andsolongasthatcompanyanditstermsareacceptabletotheSocietythecoverwillbearrangedaccordingly.IfyoushouldsuggestacompanyanditisnotonewithwhichtheSocietydoesbusinessyouwillbeinformedandofferedachoiceofothercompanies.YourmayrequestchangeofinsurancesCompanyatanytimeduringthelifeofthemortgage.Ifyourmortgageisundertheendowmentschemeorsupportedbyaninsuranceguaranteeorifthedocumentsoftitlespecifythecompanytobeuseditmaynotbepossibletoacceptyourchoice.

Theinitialsuminsuredwillbethefigureshownundertheheading“AmountofPropertyInsurance”inDetailsofLoan.ThisfigureistheamountrecommendedbytheSociety’svalue,ashisestimatesofthereplacementcostofthebuildingatthedateofvaluation,unlesssomeotheramounthasbeenagreedinwritingbetweenyouandSociety.Nowarrantyisgivenorimpliedthattheamountofinsurancewillcovercompleteloss.

Youareremindedthatthemarketvalueofyourpropertybearsnorelationshiptothecost,atthetimeofreplacement.Theamountforwhichthepropertyisinsuredshouldthereforerepresentnotlessthanthecost,atthetimeofrepairorreplacement,orrebuildingallthepropertycoveredinthesamematerials,form,styleandconditionaswhenitisnew.Itshouldalsoincludeanyarchitects,surveyorsandlegalfeeswhichmaybepayableandanycostswhichmaybeinsuredincomplyingwiththerequirementsoftheLocalAuthorityandinremovingdebris(殘骸),etc.Theterm“property”includesdomesticoutbuilding,garages,walls,landlords’fixturesandfittingsetc.,butexcludesthevalueoftheland.

Themarketvalueofahouseisthereforelikelytobelessthanthecostofrebuilding,especiallyifthepropertyiselderly.Evenifthepropertyisrecentlybuilt,theworkinvolvedinreinstatementwillbemoreexpensivethanthebuildingcostwhichcanbeachievedbyabuilderbuildingonanestatebasis.

1.Thepassageappearstobefrom（）.

2.Thetoneofthispassagecouldbestbedescribedas（）.

3.Accordingtothepassageifthecustomersuggestsaninsurancecompany（）.

4.Thepassagestatesthatwhenyouinsureyourproperty（）.

5.Thepassageimpliesthatrebuildingapropertycostsmorethanitsmarketvalue（）.

問題1選項

A.anadvertisement

B.aninformationbooklet

C.anewspaperarticle

D.aformalspeech

問題2選項

A.academic

B.light-hearted

C.formal

D.subjective

問題3選項

A.itisimpossibletochangethatcompanylateron

B.theSocietywillprovidealistofalternativecompanies

C.theSocietywillnotacceptresponsibilityforthepolicy

D.theSocietymaynotbeabletoagreetothecompany

問題4選項

A.youshouldnottakethelandvalueintoaccount.

B.youshouldusethemarketvalueasaguide

C.youshouldtaketheadviceofourLocalAuthority

D.garagesandgardenshedsarenotusuallyincluded

問題5選項

A.onlyifthepropertyisold

B.particularlyifthepropertyisnew

C.whatevertheageoftheproperty

D.becauseofrisingbuildingcost

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。本文講述的是有關(guān)財產(chǎn)保險的情況。文章就如何辦理保險、怎樣確定保險公司、涉及房產(chǎn)保險時如何估價等一系列問題提供了大量有用的信息，因此可以判斷，文章內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是節(jié)選于有關(guān)保險的信息手冊，因此B選項“一個信息小冊子”正確。A選項“廣告”；C選項“報紙上的文章”以及D選項“正式的演說”都不正確。

2.判斷推理題。因為本文是一篇科普類型的文章，為讀者提供了大量相關(guān)的信息，例如第一段有提到TheSocietyhasawideexperienceofinsurancecompaniesastheSocietymaydetermineandplacesinsurancewithmanycompanieswhoareabletoprovideacoverwhichthesocietyconsidersnecessary.（本協(xié)會在保險公司方面有著廣泛的經(jīng)驗，因為本協(xié)會可以確定并向許多能夠提供必要保險的公司提供保險。）可以看出這篇文章應(yīng)該是用非常正式的語氣在為讀者解惑的，因此C選項正確。A選項“學(xué)術(shù)的”，不妥；B選項“輕松的，無憂無慮的”，也不是原文的語氣；D選項“主觀的”，這是一篇科普文，因此不會是主觀態(tài)度的。

3.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第一段的第四句IfyoushouldsuggestacompanyanditisnotonewithwhichtheSocietydoesbusinessyouwillbeinformedandofferedachoiceofothercompanies.（如果你建議一家公司，而該公司不是與協(xié)會有業(yè)務(wù)往來的公司，你會得到通知，并可以選擇其他公司。）因為有協(xié)調(diào)的可能性，因此說明確實會存在保險協(xié)會不同意客戶選擇保險公司的情況，D選項“該協(xié)會可能無法同意該公司的意見”正確。A選項“之后更換公司是不可能的”，在第一段youwillbeinformedandofferedachoiceofothercompanies（你會得到通知，并可以選擇其他公司），說明是可以換公司的；B選項“協(xié)會將提供一份可供選擇的公司名單”不全面；C選項“協(xié)會將不承擔(dān)該政策的責(zé)任”，保險協(xié)會要根據(jù)客戶選定的保險公司與自己是否有業(yè)務(wù)合作來判斷是否同意這家公司為客戶進行投保，因此C不正確。

4.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段的最后一句butexcludesthevalueoftheland（但不包括土地價值），因此A選項“你不應(yīng)該把土地價值考慮在內(nèi)”正確。B選項“你應(yīng)該以市場價值為指導(dǎo)”，在第三段的第一句Youareremindedthatthemarketvalueofyourpropertybearsnorelationshiptothecost,atthetimeofreplacement.（請注意，你的物業(yè)的市場價值與重置時的成本無關(guān)。）因此B錯誤；C選項“你應(yīng)該采納我們當(dāng)?shù)禺?dāng)局的建議”在倒數(shù)第二段complyingwiththerequirementsoftheLocalAuthority（可能是被保險人遵守當(dāng)?shù)卣囊螅?，并沒有說從LocalAuthority（當(dāng)?shù)禺?dāng)局）那里得到建議，因此C選項錯誤；D選項“車庫和花園棚屋通常不包括在內(nèi)”，定位到倒數(shù)第二段Theterm“property”includes...garages,wall,landlords’fixturesandfittingsetc.,butexcludesthevalueoftheland（“財產(chǎn)”一詞包括住宅附屬建筑、車庫、墻壁、業(yè)主的固定裝置及設(shè)備等，但不包括土地價值），可見D選項表達與原文矛盾。

5.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到最后一段Themarketvalueofahouseisthereforelikelytobelessthanthecostofrebuilding...abuilderbuildingonanestatebasis.（因此，房屋的市場價值很可能低于重建成本，特別是如果房屋是老房子的話。即使房產(chǎn)是最近建造的，修復(fù)工作的費用也會比建筑商按地產(chǎn)建造的建筑成本更昂貴）說明無論房屋的使用年限長短，其重建價值都會高于市場價值，因此C選項“無論財產(chǎn)的年齡”正確。同時A選項“除非房子是舊的”和B選項“特別是當(dāng)房產(chǎn)是新的時候”錯誤；D選項“因為不斷上漲的建筑成本”與題干沒有關(guān)系。

10.單選題

Thestructureoftheglobaleconomy（

）thatdevelopingcountriesputalltheireffortsintoraisingcash—usuallybyexportingwhatevervirginresourcestheindustrialworldmightdesire.

問題1選項

A.dictates

B.regulates

C.allows

D.appeals

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項dictate“口述，強行規(guī)定，支配”；B選項regulate“（用規(guī)則條例）約束，控制，管理”；C選項allow“允許，準(zhǔn)許，給予”；D選項appeal“上訴，申訴，呼吁”。原句表示“全球經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)_____發(fā)展中國家竭盡全力籌集資金——通常是通過出口工業(yè)國家想要的任何原始資源”，因此C選項符合語境。句意：全球經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)允許發(fā)展中國家竭盡全力籌集資金——通常是通過出口工業(yè)國家想要的任何原始資源。

11.單選題

Therulewillnolongerpermitustouseasevidencestatementsthathavebeenobtainedusingcruel,inhuman,ordegradinginterrogationmethods.

問題1選項

A.punching

B.disturbing

C.questioning

D.rejecting

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.punching拳打，以拳痛擊B.disturbing打擾，干擾

C.questioning正式提問，質(zhì)詢D.rejecting拒絕接受，不予考慮

【答案】C

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】interrogation的意思為“審問”，這里指不能用殘忍、不人道或有辱人格的審訊方法，questioning與之詞義相近，因此C選項正確。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D選項詞義與之不符。

【句意】該規(guī)則不再允許我們使用通過殘忍、不人道或有辱人格的審訊方法獲得的證詞作為證據(jù)。

12.單選題

Toavoidanoilshortage,weshouldadvocatethatmoremachinesmust（

）solarenergyinashorttime,andthismadeothersastonished.

問題1選項

A.accelerate

B.operate

C.generate

D.utilize

【答案】D

【解析】考察動詞詞義辨析。Accelerate“加速”；operate“運行”；generate“產(chǎn)生”；

Utilize“利用”。句意：為了避免石油不足，我們應(yīng)該倡導(dǎo)在短時間內(nèi)機器使用太陽能。這種想法讓其他人感到震驚。選項D符合題意。

13.單選題

Goodthingsaredividedintothreeclasses:(1)externalgoods,(2)goodsofthesoul,and(3)goodsofthebody.Ofthese,wecallthegoodspertainingtothesoulgoodsinthehighestandfullestsense.Butinspeakingof“soul”,werefertooursoul’sactionsandactivities.Thus,ourdefinitionofgoodtallieswiththisopinionwhichhasbeencurrentforalongtimeandtowhichphilosopherssubscribe.Wearealsorightindefiningtheendasconsistingofactionsandactivities;forinthiswaytheendisincludedamongthegoodsofthesoulandnotamongexternalgoods.

Alsotheviewthatahappymanliveswellandfareswellfitsinwithourdefinition:forwehaveallbutdefinedhappinessasakindofgoodlifeandwell-being.

Moreover,thecharacteristicswhichonelooksforinhappinessareallincludedinourdefinition.Forsomepeoplethinkthathappinessisavirtue,othersthatitispracticalwisdom,othersthatitissomekindoftheoreticalwisdom;othersagainbelieveittobeallorsomeoftheseaccompaniedby,ornotdevoidof,pleasure;andsomepeoplealsoincludeexternalprosperityinitsdefinition.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thegreatestgoodsarethosethat（）.

2.Theword“tallies”inline4means（）.

3.Theauthor’sdefinitionofhappinessinparagraph2isrelatedtothedefinitionofgoodinthat（）.

4.Theauthor’smainpurposeinthelastparagraphisto（）.

問題1選項

A.createprosperity

B.arespiritual

C.areintellectual

D.createhappiness

問題2選項

A.keepscount

B.records

C.labels

D.corresponds

問題3選項

A.livingagoodlifewillbringyouhappiness

B.happinessisthesameasgoodness

C.happinessisoftensacrificedtoattainthegood

D.allthingsthatcreatehappinessaregoodthings

問題4選項

A.showthatdifferentpeoplehavedifferentdefinitionsofhappiness

B.provideguidelinesforgoodbehavior

C.provethathisdefinitionofhappinessisvalid

D.explainrelationshipbetweenhappinessandgoodness

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“wecallthegoodspertainingtothesoulgoodsinthehighestandfullestsense.”，我們把與靈魂相關(guān)的美好事物稱為最高的意義?？膳袛喑鲎詈玫氖挛锞褪蔷裆系拿篮谩＿x項B符合題意。

2.詞義題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“…thisopinionwhichhasbeencurrentforalongtimeandtowhichphilosopherssubscribe.”，這樣的觀點已經(jīng)流行了很長一段時間，并且哲學(xué)家們也贊成?？膳袛喑鑫覀儗τ诿篮玫亩x符合這一觀點。keepscount“計數(shù)”，record“記錄”，label“標(biāo)記”；correspond“符合，一致”。選項D符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“forwehaveallbutdefinedhappinessasakindofgoodlifeandwell-being.”，我們幾乎把幸福定義為一種美好的生活和幸福?？赏茢喑錾詈托腋５穆?lián)系為：美好的生活會帶來幸福。選項A符合題意。

4.作者意圖題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“thecharacteristicswhichonelooksforinhappinessareallincludedinourdefinition.”，一個人對幸福特征的觀念都包含在我們的定義中。可知作者對自己的定義是持堅定態(tài)度。下文繼續(xù)列舉了人們對幸福的種種定義，可推斷出作者在最后一段證明他對幸福的定義是正確的。選項C符合題意。

14.單選題

Wehaveallheardthatpeoplefavortheirownkindanddiscriminateagainstout-groups—butthatisasimplisticviewofprejudice,saysAmyCuddy,aprofessoratPrincetonwhostudieshowwejudgeothers.Inrecentyears,sheandpsychologistSusanFiskehavedevelopedapowerfulnewmodel.Allovertheworld,itturnsout,peoplejudgeothersontwomainqualities:warmth(whethertheyarefriendlyandwellintentioned)andcompetence(whethertheyhavetheabilitytodeliveronthoseintentions).Agrowingnumberofpsychologicalresearchersareturningtheirfocustothisrubric,refiningitandlookingforwaysinwhichwecanputthisnewunderstandingoffirstimpressionstouse.

Whenwemeetaperson,weimmediatelyunconsciouslyassesshimorherforbothwarmthandcompetence.Whereasweobviouslyadmireandhelppeoplewhoarebothwarmandcompetentandfeelandactcontemptuouslytowardthecoldandincompetent,werespondambivalentlytowardtheotherblends.Peoplewhoarejudgedascompetentbutcold—includingthoseinstereotypedgroupssuchasJewsandthewealthy—provokeenvyandadesiretoharm,asviolenceagainstthesegroupshasoftenshown.Andpeopleusuallyseenaswarmbutincompetent,suchasmothersandtheelderly,elicitpityandbenignneglect.

Newresearchisrevealingthatthesesplit-secondjudgmentsareoftenwrong,however,becausetheyrelyoncrudestereotypesandothermentalshortcuts.LastyearSusanFiske’steampublishedstudiesshowinghowwejumptoconclusionsaboutpeople’scompetencebasedontheirwarmth,andviceversa.Whentheresearchersshowedparticipant’sfactsabouttwogroupsofpeople,onewarmandonecold,theparticipantstendedtoassumethatthewarmgroupwaslesscompetentthanthecoldgroup;likewise,ifparticipantsknewonegrouptobecompetentandtheothernot,theyaskedquestionswhoseanswersconfirmedtheirexpectationthatthefirstgroupwascoldandthesecondwarm.Theupshot:“Yourgainononetrait,canbeyourlossontheother,”saysFiske.

This“compensationeffect,”whichoccurswhenwecomparepeopleratherthanevaluatingeachoneseparately,runscountertothewell-knownhaloeffect,inwhichsomeonescoringhighononequalitygetshigherratingsonothertraits.Butbotheffectsareamongseveralmistakespeopleoftenmakeininferringwarmthandcompetence.Weseehigh-statusindividualsascompetenteveniftheirstatuswasanaccidentofbirth.Andwhenwejudgewarmth,rivalryplaysarole:“Ifsomeoneiscompetingwithyou,youassumethey’reabadperson,”Cuddysays.

Thegoodnewsisthatifyoubelongtoastereotypedgrouporotherwiseknowhowpeopleseeyou,youcantrychangingyourimage.Acompetentpoliticianwhostrikesthepublicascold,forexample,candrawonhiswarmthreservestobetterconnectwithvoters.Afterall,Cuddypointsout,“Everybodycomesacrossaswarmorcompetentinsomeareaoftheirlives.”

26.AccordingtoAmyCuddy,people’sfirstimpressionsareactually______.

27.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?

28.InFiske’sopinion,becauseofthe“compensationeffect”,itis______.

29.Thegoodsideofthestereotypedjudgmentofapersonmaybe______.

30.WhatisCuddy’sattitudetowardthestereotypedjudgmentofaperson?

問題1選項

A.misleading

B.useful

C.reliable

D.powerful

問題2選項

A.Nobodyenviescompetentandcoldpeople.

B.Peopleofabilityareapttobeconsideredcold.

C.Wefeelsympatheticforwarm-heartedpeople.

D.Thewealthytendtobeindifferenttoothers.

問題3選項

A.easytodiscriminateagainstout-groups

B.possibletoavoidcrudestereotypes

C.difficulttoconfirmpeople’sexpectation

D.hardtojudgeapersonasbothwarmandcompetent

問題4選項

A.enablingyoutobecomemorecompetent

B.makingyoulookwarmer

C.helpingimproveyourimage

D.avoidingunnecessarymisjudgment

問題5選項

A.Critical.

B.Sarcastic.

C.Tolerant.

D.Acceptive.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】26.【選項釋義】

26.AccordingtoAmyCuddy,people’sfirstimpressionsareactually______.26.據(jù)艾米?卡迪所說，人們的第一印象實際上是______。

A.misleadingA.誤導(dǎo)的

B.usefulB.有用的

C.reliableC.可靠的

D.powerfulD.強大的

【考查點】事實細節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段第一句“我們都聽說過，人們偏愛自己的同類，歧視外群體，但艾米?卡迪表示，這是一種過于簡單化的偏見觀點（asimplisticviewofprejudice）”，從中可知，艾米?卡迪認(rèn)為人們的第一印象過于偏見，這是錯誤的。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D選項均與原文相反，屬于反向干擾。

27.【選項釋義】

27.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?27.根據(jù)文章，下列哪個陳述是正確的？

A.Nobodyenviescompetentandcoldpeople.A.沒有人羨慕能干而冷漠的人。

B.Peopleofabilityareapttobeconsideredcold.B.有能力的人容易被認(rèn)為冷漠。

C.Wefeelsympatheticforwarm-heartedpeople.C.我們同情熱心的人。

D.Thewealthytendtobeindifferenttoothers.D.富人往往對別人漠不關(guān)心。

【考查點】事實細節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段最后一句“那些通常被視為熱情但沒有能力的人，比如母親和老人，則會引起同情和善意的忽視”可知，有熱心的人容易引起同情。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

【干擾項排除】

A選項定位第二段倒數(shù)第二句“那些被認(rèn)為有能力但冷酷無情的人，包括猶太人和富人等在內(nèi)的刻板群體的人，會引發(fā)嫉妒和傷害欲望，針對這些群體的暴力往往就表明了這一點”，從中可知，有能力但冷漠的人容易引起別人的嫉妒和傷害欲望，但是沒有提到“沒有人羨慕這些人”，所以，該項曲解原文；

B選項沒有提到，有能力的人不一定是冷漠的人，該項屬于無中生有；

D選項沒有提到，也屬于無中生有。

28.【選項釋義】

28.InFiske’sopinion,becauseofthe“compensationeffect”,itis______.28.在菲斯克看來，由于“補償效應(yīng)”，______。

A.easytodiscriminateagainstout-groupsA.很容易歧視外群體

B.possibletoavoidcrudestereotypesB.可以避免原始的刻板印象

C.difficulttoco