考研考博-英語-安徽信息工程學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽信息工程學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Therearetwomainthingsthatmakeaircraftengineeringdifficult:theneedtomakeeverycomponentasreliableaspossibleandtheneedtobuildeverythingaslightaspossible.Thefactthatanairplaneisupintheairandcannotstopifanythinggoeswrong,makesitperhapsamatteroflifeanddeaththatitsperformanceisabsolutelydependable.

Givenacertainpowerofengine,andconsequentlyacertainfuelconsumption,thereisapracticallimittothetotalweightofanaircraftthatcanbemadetofly.Outofthatweightasmuchaspossibleiswantedforfuel,radionavigationalinstruments,passengerseats,orfreightroom,andofcourse,thepassengersandaircraftthemselves.Sothestructureoftheaircrafthastobeassmallandlightassafetyandefficiencywillallow.Thedesignersofitmustcalculatethenormalloadthateachpartwillbear.Thisspecialistiscalledthe"stressman".Hetakesaccountofanyunusualstressthatmaybeputonthepartasaprecautionagainsterrorsinmanufacture,accidentdamage,etc.

Thestressman'scalculationsgotothedesignerofthepart,andhemustmakeitasstrongasthestressmansayisnecessary.Oneortwosamplesarealwaystestedtoprovethattheyareasstrongasthedesignerintended.Eachseparatepartistested,andthenthewholeassembly—forexample,acompletewing,andfinallythewholeairplane.Whenanewtypeofairplaneismade,normallyonlyoneofthefirstthreewillbeflown.Twowillbedestroyedonthegroundinstructuraltests.Thethirdonewillbetestedintheair.

Whenaplanehaspassedallthetestsitcangetagovernmentcertificateofairworthiness,withoutwhichitisillegaltofly,exceptfortestflying.

Makingtheworkingpartsreliableisasdifficultasmakingthestructurestrongenough.Theflyingcontrols,theelectricalequipment,thefireprecautions,etc.mustnotonlybelightinweight,butmustworkbothathighaltitudeswherethetemperaturemaybebelowfreezingpointandinthehotairofanairfieldinthetropics.

Tosolvealltheseproblemstheaircraftindustryhasalargenumberofresearchworkers,withelaboratelaboratoriesandtesthousesandnewmaterialstogivethebeststrengthinrelationtoweightareconstantlybeingtested.

1.Thetwomainrequirementsofaircraftdesignare（

）.

2.Themaximumpossibleweightofanaircraftisdeterminedby

（

）.

3.Thestressman'sjobisto

（

）.

4.Thefirstthreeairplanesofanewtype

（

）.

5.Allequipmentinanaircraftmust（

）.

問題1選項

A.speedandcost

B.reliabilityandpassengercomfort

C.lightnessanddependability

D.abilitytostayupintheairandreliability

問題2選項

A.theengineerpower

B.theamountoffreightroom

C.thenumberofpassengers

D.internationalregulations

問題3選項

A.testhowsafetheplaneis

B.calculatehowstrongeachpartmustbe

C.workouthowheighttheplanemayflyat

D.controltheamountofluggageeachpassengermaycarry

問題4選項

A.areonlyforshow

B.arealldestroyed

C.arelaterbrokenupforspareparts

D.areusedfortestingpurposes

問題5選項

A.betestedtodestruction

B.notbetoolightinweight

C.workespeciallywellathightemperatures

D.workperfectlywithinawiderangeoftemperatures

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中的Therearetwomainthingsthatmakeaircraftengineeringdifficult:theneedtomakeeverycomponentasreliableaspossibleandtheneedtobuildeverythingaslightaspossible.（有兩件主要的事情使飛機工程變得困難：需要使每一個部件盡可能可靠，以及需要建造一切盡可能輕的東西）可知C選項“輕便與可靠性”符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第二段中的Givenacertainpowerofengine,andconsequentlyacertainfuelconsumption,thereisapracticallimittothetotalweightofanaircraftthatcanbemadetofly.（考慮到一定的發(fā)動機功率，并由此產(chǎn)生一定的燃料消耗，可以飛行的飛機的總重量有一個實際的限制）可知飛機的最大可能重量由發(fā)動機功率決定的，因此選A。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第二段中的Thedesignersofitmustcalculatethenormalloadthateachpartwillbear.（設(shè)計人員必須計算每個零件將承受的正常載荷）可知B選項“計算每個部分能承受的正常重量”符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第三段中的Whenanewtypeofairplaneismade,normallyonlyoneofthefirstthreewillbeflown.Twowillbedestroyedonthegroundinstructuraltests.Thethirdonewillbetestedintheair.（當一種新型飛機被制造出來時，正常情況下，頭三架飛機中只有一架可以飛行。在結(jié)構(gòu)試驗中，兩架將在地面上銷毀，第三架將在空中進行測試）可知這三架飛機都是用來測試的，兩架用于地面測試，一架用于空中測試，因此選D。

5.推理判斷題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段中的butmustworkbothathighaltitudeswherethetemperaturemaybebelowfreezingpointandinthehotairofanairfieldinthetropics.（但必須在海拔較高、溫度可能低于冰點的情況下工作，也必須在熱帶地區(qū)的熱空氣中工作）可知飛機上的所有設(shè)備都必須能在溫差范圍極大的條件下工作，因此選D。

2.單選題

Themayorisawomanwithgreat（）andthereforedeservesourpoliticalandfinancialsupport.

問題1選項

A.intention

B.instinct

C.integrity

D.intensity

【答案】C

【解析】句意:市長是一位正直的女性，因此值得我們在政治上和經(jīng)濟上給予支持。

考查形近詞辨析。intention意圖;打算；instinct本能;直覺;integrity誠實正直;完整;完好;intensity強調(diào)。根據(jù)后半句句意“因此值得我們在政治上和經(jīng)濟上給予支持”可知C符合句意。

3.單選題

Inafamilywheretherolesofmenandwomenarenotsharplyseparatedandwheremanyhouseholdtasksaresharedtoagreaterorlesserextent,notionsofmalesuperiorityarehardtomaintain.Thepatternofsharingintasksandindecisionmakesforequalityandthisinturnleadstofurthersharing.Insuchahome,thegrowingboyandgirllearntoacceptequalitymoreeasilythandidtheirparentsandtopreparemorefullyforparticipationinaworldcharacterizedbycooperationratherthanbythe“battleofthesexes”.

Iftheprocessgoestoofarandman’sroleisregardedaslessimportant—andthathashappenedinsomecases—weareasbadlyoffasbefore,onlyinreverse.

ItistimetoreassesstheroleofthemanintheAmericanfamily.Wearegettingalittletiredof“Monism”—butwedon'twanttoexchangeitfora"neo-Popism".Whatweneed,rather,istherecognitionthatbringingupchildreninvolvesapartnershipofequals.Therearesignsthatpsychiatrists,psychologists,socialworkers,andspecialistsonthefamilyarebecomingmoreawareofthepartmenplayandthattheyhavedecidedthatwomenshouldnotreceiveallthecredit—northeblame.Wehavealmostgivenupsayingthatawoman’splaceisinthehome.Wearebeginning,however,toanalyzeman'splaceinthehomeandtoinsistthathedoeshaveaplaceinit.Noristhatplaceirrelevanttothehealthydevelopmentofthechild.

Thefamilyisacooperativeenterpriseforwhichitisdifficulttolaydownrules,becauseeachfamilyneedstoworkoutitsownwaysforsolvingitsownproblems.

Excessiveauthoritarianismhasunhappyconsequences,whetheritwearsskirtsortrousers,andtheidealofequalrightsandequalresponsibilitiesispertinentnotonlytoahealthydemocracy,butalsotoahealthyfamily.

1.Thedangerinthesharingofhouseholdtasksbythemotherandthefatheristhat（

）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,thefather'sroleinthehomeis

（

）.

3.Withwhichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthorbemostlikelytoagree?

4.Theauthorstatesthatbringingupchildren

（

）.

5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

問題1選項

A.theroleofthefathermaybecomeaninferiorone

B.theroleofthemothermaybecomeaninferiorone

C.thechildrenwillgrowupbelievingthatlifeisabattleofsexes

D.sharingleadstoconstantarguing

問題2選項

A.minorbecauseheisanineffectualparent

B.irrelevanttothehealthydevelopmentofthechild

C.pertinenttothehealthydevelopmentofthechild

D.identicaltotheroleofthechild'smother

問題3選項

A.Ahealthy,cooperativefamilyisabasicingredientofahealthysociety.

B.Menarebasicallyopposedtosharinghouseholdchores.

C.Divisionofhouseholdresponsibilitiesisworkableonlyintheory.

D.Awoman'splaceisinthehomenowasalways.

問題4選項

A.ismainlythemother'sjob

B.belongsamongthedutiesofthefather

C.isthejobofschoolsandchurches

D.involvesapartnershipofequals

問題5選項

A.Americanfamiliesthatarerunbywomenarehappier.

B.TherolesofmenandwomenwillalwaysbeunequalintheAmericanhousehold.

C.Bothmenandwomenplayanimportantroleinahealthyfamily.

D.Womenshouldallowmentodomostoftheworkinthehome.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中的第一句Inafamilywheretherolesofmenandwomenarenotsharplyseparatedandwheremanyhouseholdtasksaresharedtoagreaterorlesserextent,notionsofmalesuperiorityarehardtomaintain.（在一個男女角色不明顯分開，許多家務(wù)或多或少分擔(dān)的家庭中，男子優(yōu)越的觀念很難維持）可知A選項“父親角色重要性會變低”符合題意。

2.三段中的Wearebeginning,however,toanalyzeman'splaceinthehomeandtoinsistthathedoeshaveaplaceinit.Noristhatplaceirrelevanttothehealthydevelopmentofthechild.（然而，我們開始分析男性在家里的地位，并堅持他在家有一席之地，而且這個地位和孩子的健康成長不無關(guān)系）可知C選項“與兒童健康發(fā)展有關(guān)”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。由文章最后兩段中的Thefamilyisacooperativeenterprise...andtheidealofequalrightsandequalresponsibilitiesispertinentnotonlytoahealthydemocracy,butalsotoahealthyfamily（家庭是一個合作的企業(yè)……平等的權(quán)利和平等的責(zé)任的理想不僅與健康的民主有關(guān)，而且與健康的家庭有關(guān)）可知A選項“一個健康、合作的家庭是一個健康社會的基本要素”符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。由文章最后一段中的andtheidealofequalrightsandequalresponsibilitiesispertinentnotonlytoahealthydemocracy,butalsotoahealthyfamily（平等權(quán)利和平等責(zé)任的理想不僅與健康的民主有關(guān)，而且與健康的家庭有關(guān)）可知平等在家庭中的重要性，因此D選項“涉及平等的伙伴關(guān)系”符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。文章主要圍繞男性與女性在家庭中的地位展開討論，得出健康的家庭需要男女平等的關(guān)系，因此C選項“在一個健康的家庭中，男性和女性都扮演很重要的角色”符合題意。

4.單選題

Theinvestigationintothefoodsafetyincidentoverdairyproductstaintedwithmelamineis（

）

問題1選項

A.preceding

B.prescribing

C.proceeding

D.processing

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項precede“先于、領(lǐng)先”；B選項prescribe“規(guī)定、開處方”；C選項proceed“開始、繼續(xù)進行”；D選項process“處理、加工”，句意為：對于奶制品受三聚氰胺污染的食品安全事件，調(diào)查仍然在繼續(xù)。故正確答案選C。

5.單選題

Theearliestcontroversiesabouttherelationshipbetweenphotographyandartcenteredonwhetherphotography'sfidelitytoappearancesanddependenceonamachineallowedittobeafineart,asdistinctfrommerelyapracticalart.Throughoutthenineteenthcentury,thedefenseofphotographywasidenticalwiththestruggletoestablishitasafineart.Againstthechargethatphotographywasasoulless,mechanicalcopyingofreality;photographersassertedthatitwasinsteadaprivilegedwayofseeing,arevoltagainstcommonplacevision,andnolessworthyanartthanpainting.

Ironically,nowthatphotographyissecurelyestablishedasafineart,manyphotographersfinditpretentiousorirrelevanttolabelitassuch.Seriousphotographersvariouslyclaimtobefinding,recording,impartiallyobserving,witnessingevents,exploringthemselves——anythingbutmakingworksofart.Inthenineteencentury,photography'sassociationwiththerealworldplaceditinanambivalentrelationtoart;lateinthetwentiethcentury,anambivalentrelationexistsbecauseoftheModernistheritageinart.Thatimportantphotographersarenolongerwillingtodebatewhetherphotographyisorisnotafineart,excepttoproclaimthattheirownworkisnotinvolvedwithart,showstheextenttowhichtheysimplytakeforgrantedtheconceptofartimposedbythetriumphofModernism:thebettertheart,themoresubversiveitisofthetraditionalaimsofart.

Photographers'disclaimersofanyinterestinmakingarttellusmoreabouttheharriedstatusofthecontemporarynotionofartthanaboutwhetherphotographyisornotart.Forexamplethosephotographerswhosupposethat,bytakingpictures,theyaregettingawayfromthepretensionsofartasexemplifiedbypaintingremindusofthoseAbstractExpressionistpainterswhoimaginedtheyweregettingawayfromtheintellectualausterityofclassicalModernistpaintingbyconcentratingonthephysicalactofpainting.

Photography,however,hasdevelopedalltheanxietiesandself-consciousnessofaclassicModernistart.Manyprofessionalsprivatelyhavebeguntoworrythatthepromotionofphotographyasanactivitysubversiveofthetraditionalpretensionsofarthasgonesofarthatthepublicwillforgetthatphotographyisadistinctiveandexaltedactivity—inshort,anart.

1.Inthepassage,theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,thenineteenth-centurydefendersofphotographymentionedinthepassagestressedthatphotographywas（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdescribes‘theconceptofartimposedbythetriumphofModernism”astheauthorrepresentsitinthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraph?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbestexplainsthereactionofseriouscontemporaryphotographerstothequestionofwhetherphotographyisanart?

5.TheauthorintroduceananalogyAbstractExpressionistpaintersinorderto（）.

問題1選項

A.definingtheModernistattitudetowardart

B.explainingtheattitudesofseriouscontemporaryphotographerstowardphotographyasartandplacingthoseattitudesintheirhistoricalcontext.

C.defininghowphotographyemergedasafineartafterthecontroversiesofthenineteenthcentury.

D.definingthevariousapproachesthatseriouscontemporaryphotographerstaketowardtheartandassessingthevalueofeachofthoseapproaches.

問題2選項

A.atechnologicallyadvancedactivity.

B.anartforobservingtheworldimpartially.

C.anartcomparabletopainting.

D.anartthatwouldeventuallyreplacethetraditionalarts.

問題3選項

A.Objective

B.Mechanical

C.Dramatic

D.Paradoxical

問題4選項

A.Thephotographers'beliefthattheirrelianceonanimpersonalmachinetoproducetheirartrequiresthesurrenderoftheauthorityoftheirpersonalvision.

B.Thephotographers'fearthatseriousphotographymaynotbeacceptedasanartbythecontemporaryartpublic.

C.ThePhotographers'beliefthatthebestartissubversiveofartasithaspreviouslybeendefined.

D.Thenotoriousdifficultyofdefiningartinitsrelationtorealisticrepresentation.

問題5選項

A.setforthananalogybetweentheAbstractExpressionistpaintersandclassicalModernistpainters.

B.provideacontrastagainstseriouscontemporaryphotographers.

C.provideanexplanationofwhyseriousphotography,likeothercontemporaryvisualforms,notandshouldnotpretendtobeanart.

D.provideanexampleofartistswho,likeseriouscontemporaryphotographers,disavowedtraditionallyacceptedaimsofmodernart.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,本文主要講述攝影師先為攝影是否是藝術(shù)而爭辯,后為否定其藝術(shù)而努力。作者主要是為了解釋嚴肅的當代攝影師對攝影被認為是藝術(shù)的態(tài)度,并把他們這些態(tài)度放在歷史的進程中來觀察。所以選項B正確。

2.根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“photographersassertedthatitwasinsteadaprivilegedwayofseeing,arevoltagainstcommonplacevision,andnolessworthyanartthanpainting.”在十九世紀,有人指責(zé)攝影是沒有靈魂的、機械地復(fù)制現(xiàn)實；攝影師們斷言,這是一種特殊的觀看方式,是對普通視覺的反抗,其實攝影是可與繪畫媲美的藝術(shù)。選項C符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第二段最后一句“藝術(shù)越好,對藝術(shù)傳統(tǒng)目的的破壞越大?！庇纱丝赏茰y,這種概念是矛盾的。所以選項D正確。

4.根據(jù)第二段最后一句“除了表明自己的工作與藝術(shù)無關(guān),重要的攝影師不愿再辯論攝影是不是好的藝術(shù)。他們認為現(xiàn)代主義勝利強加給藝術(shù)的概念是理所當然：即藝術(shù)越好,對藝術(shù)傳統(tǒng)目的的破壞得越大?！边x項C符合原文。

5.根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知,那些認為通過拍照可以擺脫繪畫所表現(xiàn)的藝術(shù)的攝影家,使我們想起那些抽象表現(xiàn)主義畫家,他們通過專注于繪畫的物理行為,想象自己擺脫了古典現(xiàn)代主義繪畫的思想禁錮。由此可知,作者舉抽象表現(xiàn)主義畫家的例子是為了說明他們像嚴肅的當代攝影師一樣,拒絕承認傳統(tǒng)上被接受的現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)目標。選項D符合原文。

6.單選題

Shortlyaftertheboatdocked,thepassengers______.

問題1選項

A.dismounted

B.disembarked

C.dispersed

D.disgruntled

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.dismounted下（馬、車等），卸下；取出B.disembarked登陸；上岸

C.dispersed分散；傳播D.disgruntled使……不高興，使慍怒

【答案】B

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】由關(guān)鍵信息“Shortlyaftertheboatdocked（船靠岸后不久）”可知，船靠岸后，乘客自然是下船上岸，所以空格處填入disembark符合句意。故該題選擇A項正確。

【干擾項排除】

A項是指從馬、自行車、摩托車等陸地工具上下來，不符合句意；

C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】船靠岸后不久，乘客們就下船上岸了。

7.單選題

Thepolicebelievethatthethiefisstillonthe（）.

問題1選項

A.premises

B.diversity

C.emission

D.engagement

【答案】A

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。premises“處所”；diversity“多樣性”；emission“散發(fā)”；engagement“訂婚”。句意：警察相信，這個小偷仍在他的住所。選項A符合題意。

8.單選題

Mostcharismatic（有魅力的）leadersmakeextensiveuseofanecdotes（趣聞軼事）.Message-sendinganecdotesrelatetosuchsubjectsasacompanypresidentgoingoutofhiswaytohelpanindividualcustomer,oralower-rankingemployeewhodefiedhigherauthorityinordertomeetherjobresponsibilities.Inthelatterinstance,areceptionistatIBMdeniedadmissiontothecompanychairman,TomWatson,becausehewasnotwearingasecuritybadge.Insteadoffiringtheyoungwoman,Watsonpraisedherdevotiontoduty.

Severalyearsago,theFordMotorCompanyannouncedfar-reachingchangesthatwouldaffecthowcarsweremanufacturedandhowemployeeswouldworktogether.AseniorFordexecutivewaschosentodelivertheclosingremarkstoagroupof300Fordmanagersgatheredtolearnaboutthechanges.

Towardthecloseofthespeech,theexecutivetoldastoryaboutWillieB.,agorillawholivedfortwenty-sevenyearsinisolationinadrearyAtlantazoo.Hesaidthathehadraisedmoneyforastate-of-the-artgorillahabitat.WillieB.,forthefirsttimeinhislife,wouldnowliveinagorilla-friendly,close-to-natureenvironment.Yetsomehow,WillieB.wasslowtoadapttohisnewenvironment.

Ittookthegorillaseveraldaystofullyexplorehisnewhabitat.AphotographercaughtthemomentwhenWillieB.testedthegrasswithatoe.TheFordexecutivehangsaframedphotographofthisincidentinhisoffice.“It'sthere,”hesaid,“toremindmethatnomatterhowattractivethenewsurroundingsmightappear,ittakestimeandcouragetoleavethecomfortablesecurityofaplace—evenanuglycramped（狹窄的）spacethatyouknowwell.”

Atthemomentthemeetingended,meetingparticipantscameovertothespeakertoexpresshowmuchthespeechhadtouchedthem.Thestoryaboutthegorillabroughttearstotheeyesofmany.Ofsignificancetotheorganization,manyprobablylefttheconferencewithanunderstandingofhowdifficultthecoiningchangesweregoingtobeforemployees.

Becominganeffectivestorytellerrequirespractice.However,theskilliswellworthdevelopingbecauseofitscontributiontoaperson’smagnetismandleadershipability.Createausefulanecdotefileofyourown.Collectanecdotesaboutthingsyouobservepersonally,thoseyouhearfromothers,andthoseyoureadinbooks,magazines,andnewsletters.Anecdotescanalsobefoundinbooksandnewslettersaboutspeechmaking.Attempttoscreenoutthoseanecdotesthatarewidelyusedbecausestaleanecdotesboreaudiences.

1.WhydidTomWatsonpraisethefemaleemployeeinthesecondexamplecitedinthefirstparagraph?

2.ThelifeofWillieB.usedtobe（

）.

3.ThestoryofWillieB.showsthat

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

5.WecansafelyconcludefromthepassagethattheFordseniorexecutive（

）.

問題1選項

A.Becauseshealwaysreceivesthecompanychairmanwarmly.

B.Becauseshedefied,lower-rankingemployees.

C.Becauseshewasaresponsibleemployee.

D.Becausesheneverforgetstowearasecuritybadge.

問題2選項

A.interesting

B.morecomfortable

C.closetonature

D.isolated

問題3選項

A.ittakestimeandcouragetofaceandadapttoanewenvironment

B.animalsarequitereluctanttochangetheirhabitats

C.WillieB.likestotestgrasswithonetoe

D.peoplearealwaysreadytomeetthedifficultiesresultingfromchanges

問題4選項

A.Manyacharismaticleadertendstomakethemostofanecdotesandstories.

B.Itisalwaysagoodideatocollectanecdotesthatarewidelyused.

C.Personalmagnetismisbuiltupbyreadingbooks,magazinesandnewsletters.

D.Tobecomeaneffectivestory-telleronehasonlytocreateausefulanecdotefile.

問題5選項

A.wasaneffectiveleaderwhoalwaystoldstoriestohisemployees

B.wasapersonwhooftencitedwidely-usedanecdotestoinfluenceothers

C.wasabletohelpmeetingparticipantsunderstandthecomingchangesbetter

D.alwaysusedanecdotestohelpemployeesunderstandcompanypolicies

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。第一段第二句指出:...alower-rankingemployeewhodefiedhigherauthorityinordertomeetherjobresponsibilities(一個低職位員工違抗高級別領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，是為了履行其工作職貴),由此可知答案選C“因為她是一個有責(zé)任心的員工”。

2.細節(jié)事實題。第三段指出:...agorillawholivedfortwenty-sevenyearsinisolationinadrearyAtlantazoo(在亞特蘭大一個被隔離且沉悶的動物園內(nèi)生活27年的大猩猩),可知D項“隔離的”正確。

3.判斷推理題。第四段:nomatterhowattractivethenewsurroundingsmightappear,ittakestimeandcouragetoleavethecomfortablesecurityofaplace(無論新環(huán)境多么有吸引力，都得花時間，且需要勇氣離開舒適安全的地方)。由此可知選A項“面對與適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境是花時間且需要勇氣的”。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段第一句Mostcharismaticleadersmakeextensiveuseofanecdotes(大部分有魅力的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人都懂得充分利用軼事)推斷A項“許多有魅力的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)會充分利用各類奇聞軼事與故事”正確。根據(jù)文章最后一句話Attempttoscreenoutthoseanecdotesthatarewidelyusedbecausestaleanecdotesboreaudiences(盡量排除那些被廣泛引用的軼事，因為它們會讓聽眾感到乏味)推斷B“收集被廣泛運用的軼事是一個很不錯的主意”與原文不符。根據(jù)文章最后一段的theskilliswellworthdevelopingbecauseofitscontributiontoaperson’smagnetismandleadershipability(這項技能是非常值得學(xué)習(xí)的，因為它能幫助打造個人魅力和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能)推斷C項“通過閱讀書籍、雜志和時事新聞，可以打造個人魅力”與原文不符。文章并沒有說要想成為一個高效的講故事者，只需制作一個有用的奇聞軼事記錄冊。故D項沒有根據(jù)。因此選A。

5.判斷推理題。第二段指出:manyprobablylefttheconferencewithanunderstandingofhowdifficultthecomingchangesweregoingtobeforemployees(在離會時很多人可能都了解了接下來的改變對員工來說意味著多大的困難),因此C項“能夠幫助與會人員更好理解即將到來的變化”正確。而A項“是個高效率的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，且習(xí)慣于向員工講故事”和B項“是個經(jīng)常喜歡引經(jīng)據(jù)典影響他人的人”在原文中并沒有體現(xiàn)。D項“習(xí)慣于引經(jīng)據(jù)典幫助員工理解公司政策的人”,文章中也找不到根據(jù)。

9.單選題

DuringtheWorldWarIImanyfamousscientistssoughtandreceivedpolitical（）intheUnitedStates.

問題1選項

A.influence

B.persecution

C.shelter

D.oppression

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項influence“影響；勢力”；B選項persecution“迫害；煩擾”；C選項shelter“庇護；避難所”；D選項oppression“壓抑；鎮(zhèn)壓”。句意：第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，許多著名的科學(xué)家在美國尋求并得到了政治……。戰(zhàn)爭期間，科學(xué)家們尋求的必然是“政治庇護”，因此C選項正確。

10.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.

中國始終秉持人類命運共同體理念，肩負大國擔(dān)當，同其他國家并肩作戰(zhàn)、共克時艱。中國本著依法、公開、透明、負責(zé)任態(tài)度，第一時間向國際社會通報疫情信息，毫無保留同各方分享防控和救治經(jīng)驗。中國對疫情給各國人民帶來的苦難感同身受，盡己所能向國際社會提供人道主義援助，支持全球抗擊疫情。

【答案】Havingforgedtheideathattheworldisaglobalcommunityofsharedfuture,andbelievingthatitmustactasaresponsiblemember,Chinahasfoughtshouldertoshoulderwiththerestoftheworld.Inthespiritofopenness,transparency,responsibilityandinaccordancewiththelaw,Chinahaskepttheinternationalcommunityinformedoftheepidemicassoonaspossible,andsharedwithoutreserveitsexperienceincontainingthespreadofthevirusandtreatingtheinfected.Chinahasgreatempathywithvictimsallovertheworld,andhasdoneallitcantoprovidehumanitarianaidinsupportoftheinternationalcommunity’sendeavorstostemthepandemic.

11.單選題

Duringtheracesthereweretwoaccidentstomotor-cyclistsincludingone（）accident.

問題1選項

A.fatal

B.killing

C.deadly

D.deathly

【答案】A

【解析】近義詞辨析。fatal致命的，一般指不可避免的；killing殺害的；deadly指能致命或?qū)嶋H已致命的事物，也可指企圖使他人致死的人；deathly死一般的。句意：在比賽中摩托車手發(fā)生了兩起事故，包括一起致命事故。選項A正確。

12.單選題

Duringthereadinglesson,theteacheraskedstudentstoreadafew（

）fromthenovel.

問題1選項

A.pieces

B.essays

C.fragments

D.extracts

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析。句意:上閱讀課時，老師要求學(xué)生閱讀小說中的幾個。

pieces(完整的)作品;essay論文,文章;fragment片段,一般指文藝作品中的殘存部分；extract書本中的摘錄，選段等。故選D。

13.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish

由小學(xué)到中學(xué)，所修習(xí)的無非是一些普通的基本知識。就是大學(xué)四年，所授課業(yè)也還是相當粗淺的學(xué)識。世人常稱大學(xué)為“最高學(xué)府”，這名稱容易滋生誤解，好像過此以上即無學(xué)問可言。大學(xué)的研究所才是初步研究學(xué)問的所在，在這里做學(xué)問也只算是粗涉藩籬，注重的是研究學(xué)問的方法與實習(xí)。學(xué)無止境，一生的時間都嫌太短，所以古人皓首窮經(jīng)，頭發(fā)白了還在繼續(xù)研究，不過在這樣的研究中確有濃厚的趣味。

【答案】Fromprimarytosecondaryschool,whatwelearnisnothingmorethansomebasicknowledge.Evenduringthefouryearsofuniversity,thecoursesarestillquitesuperficial.Auniversityhasoftenbeenmisleadinglyregardedasthehighestseatoflearning,asiftherewerenothingmoretolearnbeyondit.Theresearchinstituteofauniversityistheplaceforthepreliminarystudyofknowledge,andthestudyhereisonlyaroughone,focusingontheresearchmethodandpractice.Learningisanendlessprocess,andone’slifeistooshort.Thatiswhysomeancientpeoplecontinuedtostudyevenwhentheywerehoary-headed.Theyweremotivatedbyanenormousinterestintheirstudies.

14.單選題

TheartofpublicspeakingbeganinancientGreeceover2,000yearsago.Nowtwitter,instantmessaging,e-mail,blogsandchatforumsofferrivalapproachestocommunication—butnonecanreplacetheroleofagreatspeech.

Thespokenwordcanhandlevariousvitalfunctions:persuadingorinspiring,informing,payingtribute,entertaining,orsimplyintroducingsomeoneorsomethingoracceptingsomething.

Overthepastyear,thehumanvoicehashelpedguideusovertheupsanddownsorwhatwascertainlyastormytime.

Persuasionisusedindealingwithorreconcilingdifferentpointsofview.WhentheleadersmetinCopenhageninDecember2009,persuasivewordsfromactivistsencouragedthemtocommitthemselvestofirmeraction.

Inspirationalspeechesconfronttheemotions.Theyfocusontopicsandmattersthatareclosetopeople’shearts.Duringwars,generalsusedinspiringspeechestopreparethetroopsforbattle.

Aspeechthatconveysknowledgeandenhancesunderstandingcaninformus.Theinformationmustbeclear,accurate,andexpressedinameaningfulandinterestingway.WhentheH1N1pandemicwasannounced,theideaof“swineflu”scaredmanypeople.InformativespeechesfromWordsHealthOrganizationofficialshelpedpeopletokeeptheirpanicunder?

controlsotheycouldtakesensibleprecautions.

Sadeventsarenevereasytodealwithbutaspeechthatpaystributetothelossofalovedoneandgivespraisefortheircontributioncanbecomforting.Madonna’sspeechaboutMichaelJackson,afterhisdeath,heightedthefactthathewillcontinuetoliveonthroughhismusic.

It’snotonlyinworldforumswherepublicspeakingplaysanimportantrole.Itcanalsobesurprisinglyhelpfulinthecourseofourownlives.

Ifyou’retakingpartinadebateyouneedtopersuadethelistenersofthesoundnessofyourargument.Insports,athletesknowtheimportanceofapeptalk（鼓舞士氣的講話）beforeamatchtoinspireteammates.Youyourselfmaybeaskedtodoapresentationatcollegeorworktoinformtheothersaboutanareaofvitalimportance.

Onamorepersonallevel,afriendmaybeupsetandneedcomforting.Oryoumightbeaskedtointroduceaspeakeratafamilyeventortospeakatawedding,whereyoulanguagewillbeneededtomovepeopleormakethemlaugh.

Greatspeakingabilityisnotsomethingwe’rebornwith.EvenBarackObamaworkshardtoperfecteveryspeech.Forabrilliantspeech,therearerulesthatyoucanputtogooduse.Tolearnthoserulesyouhavetopracticeandlearnfromsomeoutstandingspeechesinthepast.

1.Theauthorthinksthespokenwordisstillirreplaceablebecause（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTabouttheroleofpublicspeaking?

3.PublicspeakingcanplayallthefollowingrolesEXCEPT（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheauthor’sviewon“greatspeakingability”？

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.ithasalwaysbeenusedtoinspireorpersuadepeople.

B.ithasabigroletoplayintheentertainmentbusiness

C.itplaysimportantrolesinhumanco