高二英語暑假作業(yè)

高二英語暑假作業(yè)（8）第一部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A2021broughtussomeamazingtitles.Ifyouwanttoreadthebooksthatpeoplecouldn’tstoptalkingaboutthatyear,seebelowforourlistofsomeofthem!WhereaboutsbyJhumpaLahiriAnextraordinarynewnovelfromthePulitzerPrize-winningauthorofTheLowlandandInterpreterofMaladies—herfirstinnearlyadecade—aboutawomanquestioningherplaceintheworld,hesitatingbetweeninactivityandmovement,betweentheneedtobelongandtherefusaltoformlastingties.Hardcover:$24.00ThePaperPalacebyMirandaHellerAstoryofsummer,secrets,loveandlies:inthecourseofasingledayonCapeCod,onewomanmustmakealife-changingdecisionthatshehasbeenpreparingfordecades.Gentleyetdisastrous,ThePaperPalaceconsidersthetensionsbetweendesireanddignity,thelegaciesofabuse,andthecrimesoffamilies.Hardcover:$27.00KlaraandtheSunbyKazuoIshiguroAgreatnewnovelfromNobelPrizewinnerKazuoIshiguro.KlaraandtheSunisathrillingbookthatoffersalookatourchangingworldthroughtheeyesofKlara—anartificialfriendwithoutstandingobservationalqualities—andonethatexploresthefundamentalquestion:whatdoesitmeantolove?Hardcover:$26.00TheAnthropoceneReviewedbyJohnGreenAdeeplymovingcollectionofpersonalessaysfromJohnGreen,theauthorofTheFaultinOurStarsandTurtlesAlltheWayDown.JohnGreen’sgiftforstorytellingshinesthroughoutthismasteifulcollection.TheAnthropoceneReviewedisanopen-heartedexplorationofthepathswecreateandacelebrationoffallinginlovewiththeworld.Hardcover:$24.001.WhatdoWhereaboutsandKlaraandtheSunhaveincommon?A.Theycollectpersonalessays.B.Theyaresoldatthesameprice.C.Theyarewrittenbyprize-winningauthors.D.Theymainlytalkaboutpersonalrelationships.2.Whichbookreflectsitsauthor’stalentfortellingstories?A.Whereabouts. B.ThePaperPalace.C.KlaraandtheSun. D.TheAnthropoceneReviewed.3.Toknowaboutawoman’smostimportantdayinlife,youcanreadthebookwrittenby________.A.JhumpaLahiri B.MirandaHeller C.KazuoIshiguro D.JohnGreenB

BellevueManorisalow-income,multiculturalcommunity.Forseveralyears,itshowedsignsofconflict:Thenumberofcallstopolicewasmuchbigger,andmanyofthesecallscouldnoteasilyhesolvedbypoliceofficers.Aspartofhisresearch,JabrilAbdulleinvestigatedhowdifferencesinculturalbackgroundsinfluencedcommunitymembers'relationship."Isawalotofconflictsinthecommunity,"hesays,“andalackofproperresponsetoconflictsotherthancallingthepolice."Ininterviewswithcommunitymembers,hefoundthateyecontact,gesturesandcommentsmightcauseconflictsamongmembersofsomecultures.Herealizedthebestapproachisnottocallpolicehuttotrainandhelpcommunitymemberstotakeresponsibilityformanagingconflicts.Aneffortwasmadetoinvitevolunteermediators(調(diào)解員)fromvariousculturalgroupsinthecommunity.Ninevolunteersparticipatedinafour-daycourse.Discussionswerefocusedonwhatdifferentculturalgroupsmean,howtorespondtoconflict.andwhatishighlyvaluedindifferentsocieties.

Successfulmediationhelpsalot.Oneofthemostimpressiveexamplesinvolvedagroupofyouthswhohadrobbedalocalstore.Throughmediation,theyouthscametounderstandthattheminorrobbery-whichtheyadmittedtocommittingfornorealreasonhadsignificantfinancialandemotionalconsequencesforthestoreowner.Theyagreedtodovolunteerworkforthestoreownerwho,realizingthattheysincerelyregrettedtheharmdonetohim,endedupofferingthempart-timejobs.Twooftheyouthsinvolvedwentontobecomehonouredstudents.

Inadiversecommunity,meditationledtoaconsiderableamountofavoidableconflicts,andwithpropermediationtraining,communitymemberscouldsolvethesequarrelswithoutinvolvingpoliceandthelegalsystem.1.ThecommunityofBellevueManorwasNOTexpectedtobe

_______.

A.oflow-income B.multicultural C.ofmoreconflicts D.harmonious

2.Facingconflicts,thecommunitymembersusedto

__________.

A.refertomediation B.callpolice C.settlethemprivately D.avoidcontacts

3.JabrilAbdulle'sprojectinthecommunityaimsto

____________.

A.trainthemediatorsfromvariousculturalgroups

B.correctthecommunitymembers'bodylanguage

C.understandthecommunitymulticulturalvalues

D.helpcommunitymemberstomanageconflicts

4.Thefactthattwoyouthsinvolvedintherobberybecomehonouredstudentsproves

_________.

A.themediationworkedwellbeyondexpectation

B.theyouthshadbeenworkinghardattheirlessons

C.thetwoyouthswereinnocentinthestorerobbery

D.therewouldbenocrimescommittedanymoreCOnFeb.19,thesamedayHarperLeepassedaway,theworldlostanotherliterarygiant.Hewas84-year-oldUmbertoEco,anItalianwriter,whosemasterpieceTheNameoftheRosewonhiminternationalfamewhenitwaspublishedin1980.Thenovelsoldmorethan10millioncopiesinabout30languagesandwasmadeintoamoviein1986starringBritishactorSeanConnery.AUSATodayobituary(訃告)thusdescribes:“Ecowasanauthorofbooksrangingfromnovelstoscholarlybookstoessaycollections;Ecowasenthusiasticabouttheobscureaswellasordinarydailylife;Asascholar,criticandnovelist,healsodidresearchonthemysterioustheoryofsemiotics-thestudyofsignsandsymbolsinlanguageandthetechnicallanguagesoftheInternet.TheNameoftheRosecanbeseenasamuchmorecomplicatedversionofUSwriterDanBrown’spopularnovelTheDaVinciCode.Thebookissetina14thcenturyItalianMonastery(修道院)wheremonksarebeingmurderedonebyoneinterriblemanners.Twomonkswhotraveltothemonasterytrytosolvethemurders.Thebook’smysterydevelopsaroundacomplex-designedlibraryandalostAristotle’sbookoncomedy.AlthoughthenovelisfullofLatinphrasesanddevotesmanypagestoanalysisofChristianbeliefsandancientphilosophy,it’safascinatingdetectivethriller.Ecoalsowrotesomeharshliterarycriticism.Heoncewrotethat“booksalwaysspeakofotherbooks,andeverystorytellsastorythathasalreadybeentold”.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutTheNameoftheRose?A.ItearnedHarperLeeworldwidereputation.B.ItfeaturedthemaincharacterSeanConnery.C.Itwastranslatedintonomorethan30versions.D.Ithaditsfilmadaptationfollowingthebook’spublication.2.FromtheUSATodayobituary,whichofthefollowingcanbeinferred?A.Econotonlywrotenovelsbutalsosomedramas.B.Ecowasmerelyinterestedinordinarydailylife.C.EcowasanexpertintheInternet.D.Ecowasmorethananovelist.3.WhatdoesthebookTheNameoftheRosedescribe?A.AstorycopiedfromthenovelTheDaVinciCode.B.ChainmurderinginanItalianMonastery.C.Along-lostownerlessbook.D.Acomplex-designedlibrary.4.WhatdoestheunderlinedquotesaidbyEcoimply?A.Storiesarefarfromreality. B.Creativityishardtocomeby.C.Somebooksarewellworthreading. D.Writersneedtopolishtheirlanguage.D

Genome-edited(基因編輯)foodmadewithCRISPR-Cas9technologyisbeingsoldontheopenmarketforthefirsttime.SinceSeptember,theSicilianRougetomatoes,whicharegeneticallyeditedtocontainhighamountsofY-aminobutyricacid(γ-氨基丁酸)(GABA),havebeensolddirecttoconsumersinJapanbyTokyo-basedSanatechSeed.ThecompanyclaimsoralintakeofGABAcanhelpsupportlowerbloodpressureandpromoterelaxation.

“InJapan,dietarysupplementsandfoodsenrichedforGABAarepopularamongthepublic,”saysHiroshiEzura,chieftechnologyofficeratSanatech.“GABAisafamoushealth-promotingcompoundinJapan.It’slikevitaminC,”hesays.Morethan400GABA-enrichedfoodandbeverageproducts,suchaschocolates,arealreadyontheJapanesemarket.“That’swhywechosethisasourfirsttargetforourgenomeeditingtechnology,”hesays.

Sanatech,astartupfromtheUniversityofTsukuba,firsttestedtheappetiteofconsumersinJapanforthegenome-editedfruitinMay2021whenitsentfreeseedlingCRISPR-editedtomatoplantstoabout4,200homegardenerswhohadrequestedthem.Encouragedbythepositivedemand,thecompanystarteddirectinternetsalesoffreshtomatoesinSeptemberandamonthlatertookordersforseedlingsfornextgrowingseason.Japan’sregulatorsapprovedthetomatoinDecember2020.

Sinceitsbeginningadecadeago,CR1SPR-Cas9genomeeditinghasbecomeatoolofchoiceforplantbioengineers.Researchershavesuccessfullyusedittodevelopnon-browningmushrooms,drought-tolerantsoybeansandahostofothercreativetraitsinplants.ManyhavereceivedagreenlightfromUSregulators.ButbeforeSanatech’stomato,noCRISPR-editedfoodcropswereknowntohavebeencommercialized.

ConsumersmayfindfoodingredientsmadewithsomeoftheolderDNAeditingtechniques.Indeed,Calyxtin2019commercializedaTALEN-editedsoybeanoilthatisfreeoftransfats.SoitwasonlyamatteroftimebeforeaCRISPR-editedcropreachedpalates.1.WhywasGABA-enrichedfoodchosenforgenomeeditingtechnology?

A.Itiseasytoedititsgenome. B.Itispopularamongthepublic.

C.ItcanreplacevitaminC. D.Itcancurepeopleofdiseases.

2.WhatdoestheauthorwanttosayabouttheseedlingsinPara.3?

A.Theyareingreatdemand. B.Theyareveryexpensive.

C.Theyarestillunderdoubt. D.Theyarefreeuptonow.

3.Whywerenon-browningmushroomsmentionedinthe4thparagraph?

A.ToproveTALEN-genomeediting’swideuse.

B.ToproveCRISPR-Cas9genomeediting’spopularity.

C.ToproveCRISPR-editedcrops’creativetraits.

D.ToproveTALEN-editedsoybeanoil’sadvantages.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.TALEN-editedTomatoesAreSupposedtoComeOut

B.WhichAreMoreNutrient,TALEN-editedorCRISPR-editedTomatoes?

C.WhyGABAHasSuchanAppealatthePresentTime?

D.CRISPR-editedTomatoesAreSupposedtoMakeYouRelaxed第二節(jié)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Westernersusuallydon’tthinkofChinaashavingarichtraditionofmakingcomics,anddiscussionsofChinesecomicsfocusonmanhua,theChinesecomicsthatwereinspiredbyJapanesemanga.It’struethatmostofthecomicsbeingproducednowaremanhua.①_____Fromtheirbeginningsinthe1920suntiltheirpopularitybottomedoutinthe1990s,lianhuanhuaweresomeofthemostwidelyreadliteratureinthecountry.MostofthelianhuanhuathatcanstillbefoundinChinawereprintedinthelate1970sand1980s.②_____ThelianhuanhuaindustrybeganinShanghaiduringthe1920sand30s.SomescholarseventracetheoriginstoSongDynastyscrolls(卷軸).Usingnewlyimportedprintingtechniques,publishersbeganreleasingperiodicals(期刊)thatcontainedstoriesandillustrations.③_____Therewerevariousregionalnames,suchas“bookoflittlepeople”.Someofthesestoriesweretextaccompaniedbyimageswhileothersusedspeechbubblesortextinsertedintotheimage.Themostpopularseriesfromthemagazineswerereprintedinpalm-sizepaperbacks,andbeforelongrentalshopssprangupinalleywaysthroughoutthecity.④_____Manyoftheseearlycomicsweremulti-volume(多卷的)adaptationsofmartialartsepicsorfolktalessuchastheclassicalChinesenovel,JourneytotheWest.⑤_____AdaptationsofforeignworksfromEuropeandtheUnitedStateswerealsoproduced.Inthe1980s,newpublicationscametohaveawiderrangeofgoalsthatincludedintellectualdevelopmentandeducationinscienceandcultureforyoungpeople.A.Theirhistoryreachesbackmuchfarther.B.Mostpeoplecouldn’taffordtorentonetoread.C.Forafewcoins，readerscouldsitdownandread.D.OtherswereadaptedfromtheatershowsorpopularfilmssuchasKingKong.E.Butthiswasnotthecaseformuchofthe20thcentury.F.Butpeoplecouldalsoenjoyforeignmoviestoriesonlianhuanhua.G.Theynamedtheseworks“l(fā)ianhuanhua”(linkedimages).第二部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用第一節(jié)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Youhadbetterlearntobegrateful.Ifyouaregrateful,younaturally

1

yourselftoreceiveallkindsof

2

andgoodthingsinlife.Youcanreceivealmosteverythingyouwant

3

.Ifyouwantrecoverysoon,startbyfeelinggratefulthatyouarestillalive.Ifitismoremoneythanyouwant,startbybeinggratefulforwhatever

4

ofmoneyyoualreadyhave.

Yousee,showinggratitude(感激)isthekeytoevery

5

thinginlife.Itisthekeytosuccessfulrelationships,itisthekeytosuccessfulfuturesanditisthekeyto

6

healthierandhappierlives.Andthisis

7

theimportanceofbeinggratefullies.Inaword,itmakeslifebetter.

Oneofmyfavourite

8

is"Ifyoulearntoappreciatemoreofwhatyoualreadyhave,youwillfindyourselfhavemoretoappreciate."Thinkaboutthat!

Somethingasshortas“Thankyouforbeinginmylife”or“I

9

havingyouherewithme”cangoalongway.Itwillmaketheotherpersonfeelgood,and

10

italsowillmakeyoufeelbetter!

Somaybeyourwifeisnotvery

11

aroundthehouse,butshe’sgreatatcookingyourfavourite

12

.

Or,maybeyourchildspillsmilkalloveryournewshirtrightbeforeyouwalkoutthedoorforwork,buthe

13

makesyoulaughsomuchandmakesyou

14

theluckiestparentintheworld.

Istrongly

15

youtomakeapromisetoyourselfforthenextweek.Whenyou

16

up,thinkofatleast5thingseverymorningthatyouare

17

for.Thensaythemoutloud.Youwill

18

asmileonyourfacewithouteven

19

.In30daysyouwillfeelcompletelyrenewed.Thisisthe

20

ofbeinggrateful!1.A.open

B.make

C.stand

D.take

2.A.troubles

B.blessings

C.challenges

D.failures

3.A.slowly

B.correctly

C.truly

D.clearly

4.A.amount

B.number

C.kind

D.plenty

5.A.terrible

B.exciting

C.positive

D.confusing

6.A.starting

B.improving

C.enjoying

D.searching

7.A.where

B.what

C.that

D.which

8.A.mottoes

B.rules

C.habits

D.words

9.A.imagine

B.escape

C.appreciate

D.regret

10.A.inturn

B.ingeneral

C.incase

D.inaddition

11.A.lazy

B.beautiful

C.careless

D.organized

12.A.vegetables

B.dishes

C.dinners

D.drinks

13.A.never

B.ever

C.usually

D.seldom

14.A.becomeof

B.feellike

C.actas

D.looklike

15.A.persuade

B.advise

C.command

D.force

16.A.dress

B.make

C.get

D.wake

17.A.grateful

B.concerned

C.anxious

D.upset

18.A.neglect

B.notice

C.understand

D.expect

19.A.thinking

B.looking

C.trying

D.wanting

20.A.disadvantage

B.power

C.award

D.discovery第二節(jié)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Poetry,①_____universalformofliterature,playsanimportantroleinancientChina.Poetryprobablyhaditsoriginsintraditionalfolkmusictensofthousandsofyearsago.Inthatera,therewerenoTVsorfilms,and②_____(write)hadnotbeeninvented,sopeoplewouldsitaroundthefireatnightandsingsongs③_____(entertain)themselves.Thesesongsreflectedthemesfromthepeople’sdaily④_____(life),suchashuntinganimalsorsowingcrops.Sincenothingwassetdown,overtheyearsdifferentversionsofthesesongsdeveloped,andeachareawouldhaveitsownrespectiverhythm.Inadditiontothis,peoplewouldrecitestoriesofpastheroes.Asthesestorieswereoftenquitelong,theyoftenhadrhymeandrhythmtohelppeoplerememberthemmore⑤_____(easy).Whileinthebeginningsuchsongsandstorieshadaverysimpleformat,overtimetheybecamemorecomplicatedand⑥_____(pretty).Thesewerenolongertheworksofamateurssittingaroundafire,⑦_(dá)____worksoftruepoetswhocaredabouttheirartandwhosometimesmadealivingfromit.Poetryplayswithsounds,words,andgrammar,⑧_____makespoetrydifficulttowritebutveryinterestingtoread.Poetryusescolors,feelings,experiences,andimagestopaintapictureinyourmind.Today,manyChinesepeople⑨_____(become)moreinterestedinreadingpoems,nomatter⑩_____languagetheyarewritten.Translationisgood,butbeingabletoreadinwhatlanguageisbest.第三部分寫作第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及二個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。

YesterdayIwenttothestationtoseeoffmybrother.InthewaitingroomIsawanoldwomancried.Iwassurprisedandwonderedwhatwashappenedtoher.People?toldmethatshehaslostherticketanddidn’thaveenoughmoneytogetanewone.Iwasthinkingabouthelpingheruntiltwoarmymencametowardshim.Theyaskedthewomanwhatwasthematter,comfortingherandboughttheticketforher.Theoldwomanwassodeepmovedthatsheaskedtheirnamesandaddress,butthetwoarmymenleftwithoutansweringher.Whatmovingstory!Ishouldlearnfromthemandtrytobeingagoodman.第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)假定你是澳大利亞的高三學(xué)生Tom。你愛好廣泛,性格開朗,在中國某高中學(xué)習(xí)中文。該校流行音樂俱樂部正在招聘新成員,要求會(huì)某種樂器、嗓音好且有團(tuán)隊(duì)精神。你希望加入該俱樂部。請(qǐng)用英文寫一封申請(qǐng)信,要點(diǎn)如下:1.

個(gè)人基本情況;2.

加入該俱樂部的目的及符合加入俱樂部的條件;3.

聯(lián)系方式(電話:12345678;郵箱:tom101@)。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.

可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)以使行文連貫;3.

開頭和結(jié)尾已給出,但不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearSirorMadam,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,Tom

答案以及解析第一部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)A答案：1-3CDB解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhereaboutsbyJhumpaLahiri部分的“AnextraordinarynewnovelfromthePulitzerPrize-winningauthorofTheLowlandandInterpreterofMaladies(這部非凡的新小說出自普利策獎(jiǎng)得主TheLowland和InterpreterofMaladies的作者)”和KlaraandtheSunbyKazuoIshiguro部分的“AgreatnewnovelfromNobelPrizewinnerKazuoIshiguro.(諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)得主KazuoIshiguro的一部偉大的新小說)”可知，Whereabouts和KlaraandtheSun的共同之處是它們都是由曾經(jīng)獲過獎(jiǎng)的作家寫的。故選C。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheAnthropoceneReviewedbyJohnGreen部分的“JohnGreen’sgiftforstorytellingshinesthroughoutthismasteifulcollection.(約翰·格林講故事的天賦在這部精妙的合集中熠熠生輝)”可知，TheAnthropoceneReviewed反應(yīng)了作者講故事的天賦。故選D。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThePaperPalacebyMirandaHeller部分的“Astoryofsummer,secrets,loveandlies:inthecourseofasingledayonCapeCod,onewomanmustmakealife-changingdecisionthatshehasbeenpreparingfordecades.(一個(gè)關(guān)于夏天、秘密、愛情和謊言的故事：在科德角的一天里，一個(gè)女人必須做出她已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備了幾十年的改變生活的決定)”可知，如果想了解一個(gè)女人人生中最重要的一天，你可以閱讀MirandaHeller寫的ThePaperPalace。故選B。B答案：1.D;2.B;3.D;4.A

解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從短文的第一、二句“BellevueManorisalow-income,multiculturalcommunity.Forseveralyears,itshowedsignsofconflict:...”可知,這個(gè)多元文化社區(qū)收入低、成員之間沖突較多。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段第二句中的“Thenumberofcallstopolicewasmuchbigger"以及第一段倒數(shù)第四句“Herealizedthebestapproachisnottocallpolicebutto...”可知,社區(qū)成員之間有沖突時(shí),以前的辦法是報(bào)警。

3.推理判斷題。由第一段倒數(shù)第四句“...trainandhelpcommunitymemberstotakeresponsibilityformanagingconflicts.”可知,JabrilAbdulle搞的社區(qū)調(diào)解,目的是使社區(qū)成員自行解決矛盾,避免報(bào)警。

4.推理判斷題。第二段所舉年輕人偷竊的事件得到妥善的調(diào)解,并成就了兩位榮譽(yù)學(xué)生,這一點(diǎn)證明調(diào)解機(jī)制運(yùn)行得出乎意料的好。C答案：1-4DDBB解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Hewas84-year-oldUmbertoEco,anItalianwriter,whosemasterpieceTheNameoftheRosewonhiminternationalfamewhenitwaspublishedin1980.Thenovelsoldmorethan10millioncopiesinabout30languagesandwasmadeintoamoviein1986starringBritishactorSeanConnery.(他就是84歲高齡的意大利作家翁貝托·艾柯。1980年，艾柯的代表作《玫瑰之名》出版，為他贏得了國際聲譽(yù)。這部小說被翻譯成大約30種語言，銷量超過1000萬冊(cè)。1986年，這部小說被拍成了電影，由英國演員肖恩·康納利主演。)”可知：書是1980年出版，1986年拍攝成電影，因此可知這本書出版后，被改編成了電影。故選D。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Ecowasanauthorofbooksrangingfromnovelstoscholarlybookstoessaycollections;Ecowasenthusiasticabouttheobscureaswellasordinarydailylife;Asascholar,criticandnovelist,healsodidresearchonthemysterioustheoryofsemiotics(艾柯的作品從小說到學(xué)術(shù)著作，再到散文集；艾柯對(duì)平凡的日常生活充滿激情；作為一名學(xué)者、批評(píng)家和小說家，他還研究了神秘的符號(hào)學(xué)理論)”可知，Eco既寫小說，也寫學(xué)術(shù)著作，也編撰散文集，Eco不僅僅是一個(gè)小說家，也是學(xué)者和批評(píng)家。故選D。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Thebookissetina14thcenturyItalianMonastery(修道院)wheremonksarebeingmurderedonebyoneinterriblemanners.(這本書以14世紀(jì)的意大利修道院為背景，那里的僧侶們一個(gè)接一個(gè)地被殘忍地殺害。)”可知，TheNameoftheRose描述的是l4世紀(jì)發(fā)生在意大利修道院的一起連環(huán)謀殺案。故選B。4.推理判斷題。打引號(hào)的句子“booksalwaysspeakofotherbooks,andeverystorytellsastorythathasalreadybeentold”意為：書總是講的其它書的內(nèi)容，每一個(gè)故事總是講的曾經(jīng)被講的故事。結(jié)合上文“Ecoalsowrotesomeharshliterarycriticism.(艾柯也寫過一些嚴(yán)厲的文學(xué)批評(píng)。)”可得知，引號(hào)中的話是艾柯的批評(píng)，因此推斷引號(hào)的話說明艾柯認(rèn)為書和故事都是重復(fù)的內(nèi)容，沒有創(chuàng)造性，創(chuàng)造力很難獲得。故選B。D答案：1.B;2.A;3.B;4.D

解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段“InJapan,dietarysupplementsandfoodsenrichedforGABAarepopularamongthepublic,'saysHiroshiEzura,(在日本,富含GABA的膳食補(bǔ)充劑和食物在公眾中很受歡迎,"HiroshiEzurai說)以及最后一句That'swhywechosethisasourfirsttargetforourgenomeeditingtechnology"(這就是為什么我們選擇這個(gè)作為我們基因組編輯技術(shù)的第一個(gè)目標(biāo))'可知,基因編輯技術(shù)選擇了富含GABA的食物是因?yàn)樗苁芄姎g迎。故選B。

2.推理判斷題。由第三段Encouragedbythepositivedemand,thecompanystarteddirectinternetsalesoffreshtomatoesinSeptemberandamonthlatertookordersforseedlingsfornextgrowingseason(受積極需求的鼓舞,該公司從9月份開始在網(wǎng)上直接銷售新鮮番茄,一個(gè)月后接受下一個(gè)生長(zhǎng)季節(jié)的幼苗訂單)”可知,對(duì)幼苗們的需求量很大。故選A。

3.推理判斷題。舉例是為觀點(diǎn)服務(wù)的,由第四段第一句“Sinceitsbeginningadecadeago,CRISPR-Cas9genomeeditinghasbecomeatoolofchoiceforplantbioengineers.(自十年前開始,CRISPR-Cas9基因組編輯已經(jīng)成為植物生物工程師的首選工具)'可知,舉蘑菇的例子是想證明RISPR-Cas9基因組編輯技術(shù)很受歡迎的。故選B。

4.主旨大意題。由第一段中“SinceSeptember,theSicilianRougetomatoes,whicharegeneticallyeditedtocontainhighamountsofY-aminobutyricacid(y-氨基丁酸)(GABA),havebeensolddirecttoconsumersinJapanbyTokyo-basedSanatechSeed.ThecompanyclaimsoralintakeofGABAcanhelpsupportlowerbloodpressureandpromoterelaxation.(自9月以來,經(jīng)過基因編輯的西西里胭脂番茄含有大量的y-氨基丁酸(GABA),東京SanatechSeed公司已經(jīng)直接向日本消費(fèi)者出售。該公司聲稱,口服GABA可以幫助降低血壓,促進(jìn)放松)可知,本篇旨在介紹一種新型的轉(zhuǎn)基因西紅柿的優(yōu)點(diǎn)?！癈RISPR編輯過的西紅柿應(yīng)該讓你放松是最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)答案：EAGCD解析：①上文“It’struethatmostofthecomicsbeingproducednowaremanhua.(的確，現(xiàn)在制作的大部分都是漫畫。)”指出在中國普遍流行的是模仿日本式漫畫，下文“Fromtheirbeginningsinthe1920suntiltheirpopularitybottomedoutinthe1990s,lianhuanhuaweresomeofthemostwidelyreadliteratureinthecountry.(從20世紀(jì)20年代開始流傳到90年代，連環(huán)畫一直是中國最受歡迎的文學(xué)作品之一。)”說中國連環(huán)畫曾經(jīng)的輝煌，故上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。E項(xiàng)“但在20世紀(jì)的大部分時(shí)間里，情況并非如此。”符合語境。故選E項(xiàng)。②根據(jù)上文“MostofthelianhuanhuathatcanstillbefoundinChinawereprintedinthelate1970sand1980s.(中國現(xiàn)存的連環(huán)畫大多是在20世紀(jì)70年代末和80年代印制的。)”及下文“ThelianhuanhuaindustrybeganinShanghaiduringthe1920sand30s.(連環(huán)畫工業(yè)始于二十世紀(jì)二、三十年代的上海。)”的時(shí)間線可知，本句討論連環(huán)畫的歷史。故A項(xiàng)“它們的歷史可以追溯到更早以前”符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。③由下文“Therewerevariousregionalnames,suchas‘bookoflittlepeople’.(有各種各樣的地方名稱，如‘小人書’。)”可知，本題討論連環(huán)畫的命名。G項(xiàng)“他們將這些作品命名為‘連環(huán)畫’?！狈险Z境。同時(shí)G項(xiàng)中“They”也呼應(yīng)上句主語publishers。故選G項(xiàng)。④上句“andbeforelongrentalshopssprangupinalleywaysthroughoutthecity(不久，租賃店就如雨后春筍般出現(xiàn)在整個(gè)城市的小巷里)”提到，連環(huán)畫租賃行業(yè)如雨后春筍般涌現(xiàn)，可以體現(xiàn)出民眾對(duì)連環(huán)畫的熱愛，故C項(xiàng)“只要花上幾個(gè)硬幣，讀者就可以坐下來閱讀。”符合語境，故選C項(xiàng)。⑤本段講述連環(huán)畫對(duì)文化傳播的作用，連環(huán)畫有很多種類。上句“Manyoftheseearlycomicsweremulti-volume(多卷的)adaptationsofmartialartsepicsorfolktalessuchastheclassicalChinesenovel,JourneytotheWest.(這些早期的漫畫大多是由武俠史詩或民間故事，如中國古典小說《西游記》改編而成的多卷本。)”是很多早期的多卷漫畫是武術(shù)史詩或民間傳說，例如：中國古典小說《西游記》，下一句應(yīng)該填與之對(duì)應(yīng)的其他漫畫的來源，故D項(xiàng)“也有的改編自戲曲表演或流行電影，例如《金剛》。”符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)。第二部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用第一節(jié)答案：1.A;2.B;3.C;4.A;5.C;6.C;7.A;8.A;9.C;10.A;11.D;12.B;13.C;14.B;15.B;16.D;17.A;18.B;19.C;20.B

解析：1.如果你心存感激,你自然就會(huì)放開自己接受生活中的各種祝福和好事。openoneself“放開自己”。

2.根據(jù)空后的“andgoodthings”可知,B項(xiàng)符合語境。blessing“好事”。

3.根據(jù)上文的描述可知,這里指你幾乎能夠收到你真正(truly)想要的一切東西。

4.money是不可數(shù)名詞,aamountof表示“許多”,這里whatever修飾名詞amount。

5.結(jié)合下文中的“successfulrelationships”“successfulfutures”可知,表達(dá)感激是生活中每一件積極的(positive)事情的關(guān)鍵。

6.這里指享受更健康、更幸福的生活,故用enjoying。

7.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)表語從句,從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語,故用where。

8.結(jié)合空后的內(nèi)容可知,這里指“我”最喜歡的格言(mottoes)之一。

9.結(jié)合上文中的“Thankyou”可知,此處指“我很感激你陪著我”。

10.它會(huì)讓別人感覺舒服,反過來也會(huì)讓你感覺更好。inturn"反過來"。

11.或許你的妻子不會(huì)把家里收拾得很有條理,似她很擅長(zhǎng)做你喜歡的菜。organized“有條理的”。

12.參見上題解析。dish“菜肴”,符合語境。

13.根據(jù)下文中的“theluckiestparent”可知,此處應(yīng)是說孩子常常給你帶來如此多的歡笑。

14.根據(jù)上文可知,這里應(yīng)該是讓你感覺像是世界上最幸運(yùn)的父母。

15.“我”強(qiáng)烈建議你為接下來的一周對(duì)自己做個(gè)保證。advisesb.todosth.“建議某人做某事”。

16.每人早晨醒來至少想出五件你要感激的事情。根據(jù)空后的everymorning判斷應(yīng)是“醒來”。

17.參見上題解析。全文的主題也是“感恩”,故選A。

18.由語境和常識(shí)可知,你就會(huì)注意到你臉上毫不費(fèi)力的微笑。

19.參見上題解析withouteventrying指“連試都不用試”。

20.根據(jù)語境可知,這里指“感恩的力量”。第二節(jié)答案：①a②writing③toentertain④lives⑤easily⑥prettier⑦but⑧which⑨arebecoming⑩what解析：①考查冠詞。句意：詩歌作為一種普遍的文學(xué)形式，在中國古代扮演著