102 英語高考“七選五”閱讀理解真題詳解2

【陜西省高中英語李勝文名師工作室出品】2020高考英語“七選五”閱讀理解專項突破原創(chuàng)系列資料102英語高考“七選五”閱讀理解真題詳解22018全國卷Ⅱ【高考真題解題例析】為了讓大家能把上面所提到的解題原則、方法和步驟能運用到具體的解題實踐之中，下面以2018年英語高考全國卷Ⅱ中的“七選五”閱讀理解試題的解答為例來說明如何解題。項目卷別語篇類型主題語境標題閱讀總量段落數(shù)與文本結構易讀度題號考查技能句際關系設題類型與層次2018全國卷Ⅱ說明文人與自我之生活與學習：早晨鍛煉的益處無216+73=2896總分總結構69.736連接條件段落層次37同義例證段落層次38重復解釋段落層次39重復總分主旨句40重復總分主旨句【高考真題】根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.36Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.●Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.37●Yourmetabolism(新陳代謝)getsaheadstart.38Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.●39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.●40Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.Answers3637383940A.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.B.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.C.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.D.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.E.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.F.Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.G.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou’redoingitnow,thenlistenup!【語篇解析】Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.36Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.起引入話題明確主題總說●Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.37●Yourmetabolism(新陳代謝)getsaheadstart.38Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.●39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.●40Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.平行并列關系逐條分說Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.照應總結【解題過程】第一步，快速瀏覽文章與選項，判定語篇類型、主題語境和篇章結構?？焖贋g覽文章的首段、4個項目符后的段首主旨句以及文章的最后一段，就可知道本文是一篇“總—分—總”式結構說明文，留意首段中關鍵信息“exercise”和“benefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit”就可知道本文的語篇話題是——人與自我之生活與學習：早晨鍛煉的益處。本文的基本結構是：首段用來引入話題，明確文章的主旨；再由二至五段前的項目符以及二、三段的首句可知每一段用來說明一個方面的益處，并且每這四個段落結構相同，首句為主旨句，其它部分圍繞主旨句展開；文章的最后一段再作以總結，與首段相呼應。第二步，逐段閱讀，充分利用語篇文本結構、段落結構、上下文邏輯關系、句式結構、詞匯銜接等來斷定每空應填入的選項。Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.36Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.G.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou’redoingitnow,thenlistenup!起workoutdoexerciseregularly引入話題明確主題總過渡●Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.37E.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.makesyoumoreawakekeepyourheadclear分說1進一步說明●Yourmetabolism(新陳代謝)getsaheadstart.38Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.F.Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.metabolismburncaloriescalorieburning分說2展開說明●39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.B.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.sleepimprovessleptbetterthan,peacefulsleep分說3概括主旨●40Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.A.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.sticktoyourdietsticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.分說4概括主旨Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.總結照應總結A.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.B.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.C.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.D.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.E.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.F.Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.G.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou’redoingitnow,thenlistenup!第一段首句引入文章話題“exercise”，36題所選的句子是一個承上啟下的過渡句。前一句中的“workout”和選項中的“doexerciseregularly”在語意上相互銜接起來，根據(jù)上文“如果你準備抽出時間鍛煉，那很好。”“但是由于忙碌的生活，很難抽出時間鍛煉?！币霰疚囊f的事“晨練不僅對身體健康有益，還能給我們提供額外的好處。”所以G選項符合語境，意為“如果你計劃定期鍛煉或者現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)定期鍛煉了，那么聽好了！”第二段中37題前一句中的“makesyoumoreawake”與選項中的“keepyourheadclear”相對應，選項對前一句作進一步說明。選項E意思是“鍛煉后，你的頭腦可以保持清醒4到10個小時”，呼應上一句“鍛煉會讓你更加神清氣爽，更好地應對一天當中發(fā)生的任何事情?！钡谌?8題的上一句說的是晨練有利于新陳代謝，下一句說的是晨練能幫助消耗卡路里，因此F句“鍛煉后，這一天里你將繼續(xù)消耗卡路里”符合邏輯，因此選F。觀察第二段和第