2022年河南省鄭州市高考英語(yǔ)三模試卷（附答案詳解）

2022年河南省鄭州市高考英語(yǔ)三模試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）AAlthoughtheBeijing2022WinterOlympicsandParalympicsended,whattheyhaveleftusisstillpushingsportsdevelopmentforward.Thevenues（場(chǎng)館）fbrtheBeijingWinterOlympicsandParalympicsbelongnotonlytoathletes-theybelongtoeveryonewholovessports.Withthefbllow-upplansreadytokickoff,thepublicwillsoonbeabletoenjoythesevenues.TheNationalAquaticsCenterAlsoknownastheWaterCube,theNationalAquaticsCenterstagedswimmingeventsattheBeijing2008SummerOlympics.ltwaslatertransformedintotheIceCubeforcurlingeventsatBeijing2O22.Thetransformationprojectenablesthevenuetoswitchbetweenaquatic（水上的）andicesports.ThecompetitionareaattheIceCubewillopenfbrpublicvisitsandcurling.TheOlympic-standardicesheetsandvisualpartsofBeijing2022willbekeptbeforeitturnsbackintoaswimmingpoolinthesummer.Therewillalsobemoreinternationaleventsandtrainingprogramsintroducedaspartofitsplanfbrfutureuse.TheNationalAlpineSkiingCenterInBeijing'sYanqingdistrict,theNationalAlpineSkiingCenterhasalsoexperiencedsomeadjustments.TheOlympictracksatthetopofthemountainwillbekeptfbrWorldCupraces,whilethelowerandtlatterareaswillbeexpandedforpublicrecreationalcourses.Similarpost-GamesadjustmentsandtransformationsaretakingplaceattheNationalCross-CountrySkiingCenterandNationalBiathlonCenterinZhangjiakou.TheShougangIndustrialParkHometotheheadquartersoftheBeijingorganizingcommittee,theShougangIndustrialParkhasbecomeanewdestinationforsportsandculturalevents,exhibitionsandtourism.Todiversifybusinessatthepark,additionalparkinglots,retailoutlets（零售店）andexhibitionspacesarebeingplanned.Whichsportsvenuecanbeswitchedbetweenaquaticandiceevents?TheNationalAquaticsCenter.TheShougangIndustrialPark.TheNationalAlpineSkiingCenter.TheNationalCross-CountrySkiingCenter.WhatisspecialabouttheShougangIndustrialPark?ItcanholdWorldCupraces.Itisalsoaspotforexhibitions.Itwillberebuiltforpublicrecreation.Ithasbeenturnedintoatrainingcenter.Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthepassage?Toencourageyoungpeopletoenjoywintersports.Tostresstheimportanceoftransformingthevenues.Toinformthepublichowthevenueswillbereused.TotellthepublicwhathasbeenleftaftertheGames.BMygranddaughterentertainsherselfoutsideaclosedshop.Ihavenoideawhatdayitis-1haven*tknownfor10months.Ihavemovedtoadifferentcitytoprovidechildcaresothatmydaughtercanwork.Everything1observethesedaysisfromayoungchild'seyeview.ImustbeexperiencingtimeandplaceinawayIhaven'tdonebefore.Ihaveletgoofalltheexperienceswe'remissingbecauseFmfocusedonwhatmatterstothischildatanygivenmoment.Puddles（水洼）,obviously.Rocksheldlovinglyinhersmallfistthewholewayhome.Buryingballsthathavesailedoverthetenniscourtfenceandlandedinthesandbox,andherfacelightingupwhentheyaredugup.Everysinglelime.Myjobistowaitandwatch.Lethertrythings,comfortherwhenshefallsdown,andkeephersafe.Bringsnacks,pushheronaswing,butmostlyletherbe.Tellherthenamesofallthethingsshepointsto.Takeherhandwhensheoffersitbecausesheisinaslightlyunfamiliararea.Thetwoofusneverhurry.Thislifestylechangeastonishesmeeveryday.Whoknowshowhernewbrainprocessesallthis?IhavebeenforcedbycircumstanceintothearmsofthepeopleIneedtotakecareofme.Takingcareofmygranddaughterisa.Infact,shegavememuchmore.InMarch2020,Ilostmyyoungerdaughter.Ican'tsayitwasentirelyunexpected.Myyoungerdaughterbattledmentalillness.Shewasonly27yearold.Sheputherselfthroughlongtreatmentprogramstoreduceherpain.ltwasasifthewholeworldwentonleavewithme.Ihadcompanyfbrafewbriefdaysaftermyyoungerdaughtersdeath,andthenIwasalone.Isignedupforthevariousthingsthatmightreducemysuffering.!went15weekswithouttouchinganotherperson.Nowaverysmallgirlwaitsforme,watchesme,comfortsme,keepsmesafe,andtakesmyhand.4.Whyhastheauthorlosttrackoftime?Shefeelsboredwithherpresentlife.Shehassufferedfromamentaldisease.Sheenjoysbeingwithhergranddaughter.Sheisinsorrowoverthelossofherdaughter.Heunderlinedwordufront"inParagraph4probablymeans"A.deal B.must C.burden D.coverWhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?Theauthor'sefforttosaveheryoungerdaughter.Themeasurestakentoreducetheauthor'ssuffering.Theyoungerdaughter'sbattleagainstmentalillness.Thepaincausedbyanunbearablelosstotheauthor.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoexpressinthispassage?It'sachildwhohashelpedhertoslowlyrecover.Stayingwithgrandchildrenisacomfortfbrelders.Familymembersshouldhelpeachotheroutofpain.Physicalseparationhasharmfuleffectsonone'shealth.cThereisaphotoinmycollectionthatIpulloutfromtimetotimetoremindmyselfofanoldvacation.It'sapictureofmefromthelate1970sonabenchinLondon'sVictoriaStation,myheadrestingagainstawall,eyesclosedwithtiredness,andclothesmessedup.Iusedtolovethatshottakenbymywife.ltwasevidenceofmyleisure（休閑）lime,oftravel,ofinterruptionfromtheoffice：milescovered,sightsseen,trainstationsracedthrough,andgoalsachieved.However,asIleftworktohitthevacationroadthissummer,!tookalongsomethingextra.Thistravelingcompanionhadahabitofruiningtripswithfeelingsofguilt-theguiltthatcamefromattemptingtovacationwithworkinmind.Theconflictbetweenthetimewewantoffandtheguiltwefeelwhenweactuallygiveintoleisureisalong-runningbattlethathasgonetoofar,drivenbyanoverschedulingenthusiasm.lthasmademanyfeelasiftheirfreemomentsareaformoftruancy（玩忽職守）.It'shardtotakeiteasywhenyou'vebeenprogrammednotto.Wehavebeentaughtforgenerationsthatworkistheonlygoal.Timethatisunfilledisbad,weareledtobelieve,andunplannedenjoymentshouldbeavoided.Thisisstressedtodaybyaworkplaceculturethatwantsyoutobelievethatadvancementdependsonyourstayingonthejob.Researchnowshows,however,thatleisuretimecandosomethingjobadvancementandmoneycan't.Leisureactivitiesincreaseyourdesiretowork,leadershipskills,yoursenseofawarenessandyourabilitytochange.Freetimealsopromotesapositivemoodandsenseofwell-being,becauseitdevelopsself-worth.Deepdown,everyoneknowsweneedtimeofftomakeourlivesbetter.Onholiday,usingyourproductiveoutputasameasureofyourselfdoesn'twork.Thisisbecauseavacationisn'taboutoutput；ifsaboutinput-exploring,learning,reflecting.Themagicofaholidayisintheexperienceitself.Thisisthesameaslifesatisfaction；itcan'tbemeasured,onlyfelt.Thebestpartofavacationisn'tgoingsomewhereelse；ifsbeingwhereyouare,fullyinvolvedintheexperience.Whydoestheauthorlookatthatphotofromtimetotime?Itbringsbackhismemoryofleisuretravel.Itdescribeshistiredappearanceonvacation.Itgivesevidenceofhisrunningawayfromwork.Itrecordsalifegoalachievedduringhisholiday.Whatmadetheauthorfeelguiltyduringthissummervacation?Thetightschedule.Notstayingonthejob.Theunplannedjourney.Notreachingtheexpectedgoal.Whatdoestheauthorthinkthebenefitofleisuretimeis?Itpromotesjobadvancement.Itimprovesyourproductiveoutput.Itisgoodforyourpersonaldevelopment.Ithelpsyouseeyourgoalsinlifemoreclearly.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestpeopledowhileonvacation?Reflectontheirwork.Avoidunplannedactivities.Enjoytheexperienceoftravelling.Ignorejobadvancementandmoney.DTheAmazonrainforestismovingtowardsatippingpointpastwhichtreeswillstarttodieoffinlargenumbers,researchershavesaid.Thestudy,publishedintheJournalofNaturalClimateChange,wasconductedbyscholarsfromtheUniversityofExeter,thePotsdamInstituteforClimateImpactResearch（PIK）andtheTechnicalUniversityofMunich.Theyusedsatellitedatafrom1991to2020toexaminetrendsindeforestation（毀林）.Theycalculatedthat75%oftherainforestisnowatriskofbeingunabletorecoverwhenexperiencingdroughts（旱災(zāi)）,whicharealsoincreasinglymorecommonduetoglobalwarming."Deforestationandclimatechangearelikelytobethemaindriversofthisdecline/'NiklasBoersofPIKandtheTechnicalUniversityofMunichtoldtheBBC.ThestudyhaspredictedthatitisonlyamatterofdecadesuntilafairlylargeamountoftheAmazonistransformedfromrainforestintosavannah（稀樹(shù)草原）.Thedestruction（破壞）oftheAmazonrainforest,insomewayscausedbyglobalwarming,willalsospeedup."TheAmazonstoreslotsofcarbonandallofthatwouldentertheatmosphere,whichwouldthenfurthercontributetoincreasingtemperaturesandhavefutureeffectsonglobalaveragetemperatures,nProfessorBoultonoftheUniversityofExetertoldtheBBC.ThisworryingsnowballeffectmeansthatthedestructionoftheAmazonwillmakethemuchlargerbattleagainstglobalwarmingmoredifficult.ThedestructionoftheAmazonwouldalsohaveahugeeffectontheecologyoftheearth.TheAmazonrainforestishometomorethan30,000speciesofplants,2.5millionspeciesofinsects,2,500fishspecies,morethan1,500birdspecies,550reptiles,and500mammals,accordingtotheWildlifeConservationSociety.Asavannahenvironmentthatlacksalargevarietyofplantlife,wouldbeunabletohostthelargeandvariedecosystemsthatcurrentlyexistintherainforest.ltislikelythatalargenumberofspecieswouldbecomeendangeredorevendieout,astheywouldbeunabletoadjusttothisnewecosystem.Whatcanbeknownaboutthestudy?TheAmazonrainforesthaslostitsabilitytorecover.MuchoftheAmazonrainforesthasbecomeasavannah.One-fourthoftheAmazonrainforesthasalreadydiedout.TheAmazonrainforestisincreasinglyendangeredbydroughts.Theunderlinedpart"thisprocess'*inParagraph5probablyrefersto“l(fā)otsofcarbonenteringtheatmospherethedestructionoftheAmazonrainforesttheAmazonrainforesttransformingintograsslandthegradualchangeofglobalaveragetemperaturesWhatwillbearesultofthedestructionoftheAmazonrainforest?Theecosystemoftheearthwillbedamaged.Manywildlifespecieswillmovetootherplaces.Droughtswillbecomeincreasinglymorecommon.Adecreasedamountofcarbonwillgointotheair.Whydoestheauthorlistthenumbersofdifferentspecies?Toexplainwhyasavannahcannothostsomanyspecies.Tointroducemeasuresneededtoprotectthebiodiversity.TostresstheecologicalimportanceoftheAmazonrainforest.Toshowwhatnewecosystemisneededtohostthesespecies.二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共10.0分)Everyminute,everyhour,everyday,wearelosingprecioustimetoourdevices(設(shè)備).Technologyhastakenovermuchofourlives,especiallyoverthelasttwoyearsasschoolandworkwentonlineduringtheCOVID-19pandemic.(1)No,sadlv.Buttherearethingsthatyoucandotomakesureyoudon'twasteyourtimescrolling(滾屏)inthefuture.(2)Thisiscalledsocialeconomizing,whichmeansyouchoosehowtouseyourtime.Youknowexactlywhatyouwanttodo,whatbringsyoujoyorclosertoyourgoals,sochoosetodothosethings.Ifyoufeelanurgetojumponsocialmediaorscrollwebsiteswhenyouhaveafewspareminutes,don'tfeelbad.Thisisnormal.(3)Thiscanincludecleaningyourroom,organizingyourclosetorevenreplyingtoimportantmessages.Anothergreatwaytohelpreducethedesiretocheckyourdeviceistoturnoffnotifications(通知).Inthe1890s,RussianscientistIvanPavlovconductedexperimentstomeasurethebuild-upofsaliva(唾液)inthemouthsofdogsunderavarietyofconditions.Likethedogsintheexperiments,peopleareconditionedtorespondeachtimetheyhearaping.(4)Asthesayinggoes,outofsight,outofmind.(5)Simplyputyourphone,tabletorcomputerinanotherroomorawayinadesksothatitcan*tbeseen.A.Isitpossibletogetbackthetimeyouhavelost?B.Todaymanypeoplespendmuchtimeonelectronicdevices.C.Onewaytomanageyourtimeistocontrolhowyouspendit.D.Herearesomewaystoreducethedesiretocheckyourdevice.E.Thisisalsoahelpfulremindertokeepyouawayfromyourdevice.F.Youcanavoidthistrapbylistingthingsyoucandowhenyouarefree.G.Byremovingthenotifications,youremovetheremindertocheckyourdevice.16.A.AEB.BC.CD.DE.F.FG.G17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G三、完形填空(本大題共20小題，共30.0分)Thereareyoungtreesnearmywindow,growingproudlyaroundpinkflowers.Mylittlehillwiththetrees(21)meofmychildhoodbestfriend.The(22)ofabestfriendlastsevenifthefriendshipdoesnot.ImetmybestfriendMariannewhenIwas14.ShesatbehindmeinourGrade9classroom.Icanstill(23)hertherewithorangehair.Shewasthinandhadbrighteyes,asweetsmileandaninvitingopenness.Oncesheaskedmeovertoherhouseafterschool.Wefirststoppedatabakerytosatisfyournever-ending(24).Weeachboughttwosmallcakes,andstarted(25)withmouthsfullofcake.Helaughternever(26).Welaughedthroughelegantdinnersandplayinghide-and-seekinthedark.Wewere(27).Wesuckedallthechildhoodjuicesoutofouryounglives(28)therewasnomorechildhoodtosuckup.Andthenwewerereadyto(29).MarianneandIwentin(30)directions.Inourlate20s,wemetupforone￡3111unchinacafeafterIbumpedintoherinToronto.WebecameFacebookfriendsandglancedoverpiecesofeachother*s(32).IrecentlyfeltalongingtocallMarianne.Wechattedaboutoldtimesandcaughtuponnewsaboutourkidsandparents.Afewdayslater,she(33)astoryonFacebook.Sheislivingwithbreastcancer.(34),sheissweetandfullofthatlovelyenergyInoticedinourclassroom.Sheis(35)life,andshewantsustodothesame.Icalledherafterreadingherpost,andwetalkedliketwoschoolchildren(36)itwas46yearslater.Fm(37)forherinspiringphilosophy(哲學(xué))oflife,whichremindsmeofwhenweweretwosillygirls(38)theunknownofournewliveswithhopeandlove.WhenIlookoutfrommywindow,!canseethelittlehillwithitstrees.Ithinkofthose(39)asmychildhoodfriendsandseeMariannethere,(40)andblooming(盛開(kāi))withloveandgrace.AndI'mthankful.Mariannewillbemybestfriendforever!21.A.warnsB.informsC.remindsD.convinces22.A.beliefB.memoryC.spiritD.kindness23.A.seeB.accompanyC.acceptD.connect24.A.hungerB.comfortC.ambitionD.curiosity25.A.playingB.arguingC.wanderingD.laughing26.A.changedB.stoppedC.burstD.returned27.A.stubbornB.selfishC.sillyD.proud28.A.becauseB.unlessC.althoughD.until29.A.moveonB.giveupC.helpoutD.stepback30.A.properB.differentC.clearD.main31.A.freeB.lovelyC.lateD.regular32.A.worriesB.feelingsC.livesD.achievements33.A.postedB.recommendedC.readD.discovered34.A.ThereforeB.InsteadC.SoonD.Still35.A.recallingB.consideringC.celebratingD.building36.A.eventhoughB.nowthatC.eversinceD.asif37.A.responsibleB.gratefulC.eagerD.sorry38.A.escapingfromB.walkingaroundC.gettingoverD.jumpinginto39.A.classmatesB.flowersC.treesD.treasures40.A.strongB.independentC.faithfulD.quiet四、語(yǔ)法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分).Whena74-year-oldwomanstartedsharingphotosof(1)dailylife,shewouldn'thaveimaginedbecomingasocialmediainfluence.Atthebeginning,therewerebarely1(X)followers,butdaybyday,thethreemealsaday(2)(lay)outonapinkfloweredtableclothquicklyappealedto(3)(rough)440,000users,fromstudentstowhite-collarprofessionalsandhousewives.Theyallcallher"Grandma".Grandma,anativeofBeijingjivesintheeasterncityHangzhouandenjoysher(4)(retire)withherhusband.Theirhome-cookedmealsarevarious：poachedeggs,steamedbunsandpumpkinporridgeforbreakfast：braisedmeatandsteameddumplingsforlunch；porridge,wontons(餛飩)orrollsfordinner.Vegetablesusuallyappearinastew(燉菜),orthey(5)(squeeze)intojuicewithfruit.SometimesGrandmawouldaddarecipetothedishesfollowersaskaboutmost.InNovemberlastyear,Grandma'saccountbecameatrendingtopiconChina'spopularsocialmedianetworkWeibo,(6)thetag(標(biāo)簽)"Twoseniors"threemealsaday”.Manysocialmediausersposted,"Thisismyidealretiredlife.**Inthelittlevirtualspace,strangers(7)(seek)comfortfromGrandma'sdiningtablefindanemotionalconnectionwitheachother,too.Theysharesmallannoyancesandlittlejoysandevenoffersolutionstoeachother's(8)(problem)."Talkingwiththesekids(9)(be)apleasantthing.Ihopemypostscanserveastreeholes(10)theycantelltheireverydaylife,theirpains,sorrowsandhappiness,"Grandmasaidinaboomingvoice.五、書(shū)面表達(dá)（本大題共2小題，共35.0分）.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，清你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（A）,并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意：.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。WhenIbegantolearnGerman,itwasstruggle.Thewordsfeelstrangeonmytongueandthegrammarswouldn'tslayinmyhead.Iwantedtogiveup,butmymumtoldmyselflearningalanguagewasn*tjustformyfuture.ltwasexerciseformybrain.ThemoreIlearnedofalanguage,sothemoremybrainwouldgrow.IrememberthatdaywhenIsuddenlyfeltlikeGermanwasreallynolongaforeignlanguage.IhadfinallycometoaplacewhereIcouldthinkinthisforeignlanguagebutseetheworldfromadifferentlypointofview.IfeltasifIhadreachedthegoalIhadbeenfightingwith.Ifinallyunderstoodwhymymumhasencouragedmenottogiveup.假設(shè)你校正在組織題為“Honesty（誠(chéng)信）”的英語(yǔ)作文比賽，請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一篇短文參賽。內(nèi)容包括：1.誠(chéng)信的重要性；

2.如何做誠(chéng)信的學(xué)生。

注意；.詞數(shù)100左右；.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。Honesty答案和解析1?3.【答案】A、C、C【解析】（1）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)TheNationalAquaticsCenter部分（改造項(xiàng)目使場(chǎng)館能夠在水上運(yùn)動(dòng)和冰上運(yùn)動(dòng)之間切換。）可知TheNationalAquaticsCenter可以在水上項(xiàng)目和冰上項(xiàng)目之間切換。故選A。C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)TheShougangIndustrialPark部分HometotheheadquartersoftheBeijingorganizingcommittee,theShougangIndustrialParkhasbecomeanewdestinationforsportsandculturalevents,exhibitionsandtourism.（首鋼工業(yè)園是北京奧組委總部所在地，已成為體育和文化活動(dòng)、展覽和旅游的新目的地。）可知首鋼工業(yè)園區(qū)的特別之處是它將被重建用于公共娛樂(lè)。故選CoC.目的意圖題。根據(jù)第一段Thevenues（場(chǎng)館）fortheBeijingWinterOlympicsandParalympicsbelongnotonlytoathletes-theybelongtoeveryonewholovessports.Withthefollow-upplansreadytokickoff,thepublicwillsoonbeabletoenjoythesevenues.（北京冬奧會(huì)和殘奧會(huì)的場(chǎng)館不僅屬于運(yùn)動(dòng)員，也屬于所有熱愛(ài)體育的人。隨著后續(xù)計(jì)劃的啟動(dòng)，公眾很快就能享受這些場(chǎng)館。）可知作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的目的是告知公眾場(chǎng)館將如何重復(fù)使用。故選C。本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了北京冬奧會(huì)和殘奧會(huì)的場(chǎng)館將如何使用。做這類(lèi)題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)填寫(xiě)出正確答案。4?7.【答案】C、D、D、A【解析】（1）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Mygranddaughterentertainsherselfoutsideaclosedshop.Ihavenoideawhatdayitis-Ihaven'tknownfor10months.Ihavemovedtoadifferentcitytoprovidechildcaresothatmydaughtercanwork.（我孫女在一家關(guān)門(mén)的商店外自?shī)首詷?lè)。我不知道今天是什么日子一一我已經(jīng)10個(gè)月不知道了。我搬到另一個(gè)城市去照顧孩子，這樣我女兒就能工作了。）可知作者忘記了時(shí)間是因?yàn)樗矚g和孫女在一起。故選C。D.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在的句子Takingcareofmygranddaughterisafront.Infact,shegavememuchmore.（照顧我的孫女只是個(gè)幌子。事實(shí)上，她給了我更多。）可知?jiǎng)澗€詞的意思是”掩蓋，掩飾”。A.deal交易;B.must必須；C.burden負(fù)擔(dān);D.cover掩蓋，掩飾，代替工作。故選D。D.段落大意題。根據(jù)第五段InMarch2020,Ilostmyyoungerdaughter.Ican*tsayitwasentirelyunexpected.Myyoungerdaughterbattledmentalillness.Shewasonly27yearold.Sheputherselfthroughlongtreatmentprogramstoreduceherpain.Itwasasifthewholeworldwentonleavewithme.Ihadcompanyforafewbriefdaysaftermyyoungerdaughtersdeath,andthenIwasalone.Isignedupforthevariousthingsthatmightreducemysuffering.!went15weekswithouttouchinganotherperson.（2020年3月，我失去了我的小女兒。我不能說(shuō)這完全出乎意料。我的小女兒患有精神疾病。她只有27歲。為了減輕疼痛，她接受了長(zhǎng)期的治療。好像整個(gè)世界都和我一起離開(kāi)了。在我年幼的女兒死后，我有同伴陪伴了幾天，然后我就孤獨(dú)了。我接受了各種可能減少我痛苦的事情。我十五周沒(méi)碰過(guò)別人。）可知本段主要講述了作者失去了小女兒所經(jīng)歷的痛苦。故選D。A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Mygranddaughterentertainsherselfoutsideaclosedshop.Ihavenoideawhatdayitis-1haven'tknownfor10months.Ihavemovedtoadifferentcitytoprovidechildcaresothatmydaughtercanwork.（我孫女在一家關(guān)門(mén)的商店外自?shī)首詷?lè)。我不知道今天是什么日子——我已經(jīng)10個(gè)月不知道了。我搬到另一個(gè)城市去照顧孩子,這樣我女兒就能工作了。）以及最后一段Nowaverysmallgirlwaitsforme,watchesme,comfortsme,keepsmesafe,andtakesmyhand.（現(xiàn)在，一個(gè)非常小的女孩在等我，看著我，安慰我，保護(hù)我的安全，牽著我的手。）可知作者想在這篇文章中表達(dá)的是作者的孫女是一個(gè)幫助她慢慢康復(fù)的孩子。故選A。本文為一篇記敘文，講述了作者在自己女兒去世后，照顧外孫女的經(jīng)歷。.直接信息題：直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目。.間接信息題：間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時(shí)需要對(duì)原文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。.綜合信息題：綜合信息題是指這類(lèi)題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來(lái)分析。8?11.【答案】A、B、C、C【解析】（DA.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的ThereisaphotoinmycollectionthatIpulloutfromtimetotimetoremindmyselfofanoldvacation.（在我的收藏中有一張照片，我不時(shí)地拿出它來(lái)提醒自己一個(gè)古老的假期。）可知作者不時(shí)看看照片，因?yàn)樗顾肫鹦蓍e旅行。故選A。B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的Thistravelingcompanionhadahabitofruiningtripswithfeelingsofguilt-theguiltthatcamefromattemptingtovacationwithworkinmind.（這位旅伴有一個(gè)習(xí)慣，那就是帶著內(nèi)疚感破壞旅行，這種內(nèi)疚感來(lái)自于試圖帶著工作度假。）可知，在暑假的時(shí)候，作者因?yàn)闆](méi)有堅(jiān)持工作而內(nèi)疚。故選B。C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的Leisureactivitiesincreaseyourdesiretowork,leadershipskills,yoursenseofawarenessandyourabilitytochange.Freetimealsopromotesapositivemoodandsenseofwell-being,becauseitdevelopsself-worth.（休閑活動(dòng)會(huì)增力口你的工作欲望、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)技能、意識(shí)和改變能力。自由時(shí)間還可以促進(jìn)積極的情緒和幸福感，因?yàn)樗梢耘囵B(yǎng)自我價(jià)值。）可知，作者認(rèn)為休閑時(shí)光的好處是它對(duì)個(gè)人發(fā)展有好處。故選CoC.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的Themagicofaholidayisintheexperienceitself.（假期的魔力在于體驗(yàn)本身。）可知，作者建議人們?cè)诙燃俚臅r(shí)候享受旅游的經(jīng)歷。故選C。本文為記敘文。文章介紹了作者的旅游經(jīng)歷和對(duì)這次旅游的感觸，就是我們耍享受旅游的經(jīng)歷。做這類(lèi)題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。做題時(shí)要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。12~15.【答案】D、C、A、C【解析】（1）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第三段Theycalculatedthat75%oftherainforestisnowatriskofbeingunabletorecoverwhenexperiencingdroughts（旱災(zāi)），whicharealsoincreasinglymorecommonduetoglobalwarming.（他們計(jì)算出，75%的雨林現(xiàn)在面臨著遭遇干旱時(shí)無(wú)法恢復(fù)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，由于全球變暖，這一現(xiàn)象也越來(lái)越普遍。）可知關(guān)于這項(xiàng)研究，可知亞馬遜雨林正日益受到干旱的威脅。故選D。C.代詞指代題。根據(jù)原文第四段ThestudyhaspredictedthatitisonlyamatterofdecadesuntilafairlylargeamountoftheAmazonistransformedfromrainforestintosavannah（稀樹(shù)草原）.（這項(xiàng)研究預(yù)測(cè)，亞馬遜相當(dāng)大的一部分地區(qū)從熱帶雨林轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闊釒Р菰恍鑾资甑臅r(shí)間。）可知第5段中帶下劃線的部分“thisprocess"可能指的是"亞馬遜雨林向草原的轉(zhuǎn)變”。A.lotsofcarbonenteringtheatmosphere大量碳進(jìn)入大氣；B.thedestructionoftheAmazonrainforest亞馬遜雨林的破壞；C.theAmazonrainforesttransformingintograssland亞馬遜雨林向草原的轉(zhuǎn)變；D.thegradualchangeofglobalaveragetemperatures全球平均氣溫的逐漸變化。故選CoA.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文最后一段ThedestructionoftheAmazonwouldalsohaveahugeeffectontheecologyoftheearth.（亞馬遜的破壞也將對(duì)地球生態(tài)產(chǎn)生巨大影響。）可知亞馬遜雨林的破壞會(huì)帶來(lái)的后果是地球的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)將受到破壞。故選AoC.寫(xiě)作目的題。根據(jù)原文最后一段Asavannahenvironmentthatlacksalargevarietyofplantlife,wouldbeunabletohostthelargeandvariedecosystemsthatcurrentlyexistintherainfbrest.ltislikelythatalargenumberofspecieswouldbecomeendangeredorevendieout,astheywouldbeunabletoadjusttothisnewecosystem.（缺乏多種植物的熱帶草原環(huán)境，將無(wú)法容納目前存在于熱帶雨林中的大型多樣生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。由于無(wú)法適應(yīng)這種新的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，許多物種可能會(huì)瀕臨滅絕甚至滅絕。）可知作者列出了不同物種的數(shù)量是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)亞馬遜雨林的生態(tài)重要性。故選C。本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，研究人員稱，亞馬遜雨林正在走向一個(gè)“臨界點(diǎn)”，超過(guò)這個(gè)臨界點(diǎn)，樹(shù)木將開(kāi)始大量死亡。閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。16~20.【答案】A、C、F、G、E【解析】（1）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)下一句N(xiāo)o,sadly.（很遺憾，沒(méi)有。）可知此處說(shuō)的是有可能找回你失去的時(shí)間。一問(wèn)一答，所以A.Isitpossibletogetbackthetimeyouhavelost?（有可能找回你失去的時(shí)間嗎？）符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)下一句（這就是所謂的社會(huì)節(jié)約，意思是你可以選擇如何利用時(shí)間。）可知此處說(shuō)的是如何利用時(shí)間。所以C.Onewaytomanageyourtimeistocontrolhowyouspendit.（管理你的時(shí)間的一種方法是控制你如何使用它。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。F.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)下一句Thiscanincludecleaningyourroom,organizingyourclosetorevenreplyingtoimportantmessages.（這可以包括打掃房間，整理衣柜，甚至回復(fù)重要信息。）可知此處注意"this"指代"youcandowhenyouarefree"。所以F.Youcanavoidthistrapbylistingthingsyoucandowhenyouarefree.（你可以通過(guò)列出你空閑時(shí)可以做的事情來(lái)避免這個(gè)陷阱。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。G.段落大意題。根據(jù)下文Simplyputyourphone,tabletorcomputerinanotherroomorawayinadesksothatitcan'tbeseen.（只需將您的手機(jī)、平板電腦或電腦放在另一個(gè)房間或桌子里，這樣就看不見(jiàn)了。）可知本段說(shuō)的是"刪J除提醒"。所以G.Byremovingthenotifications,youremovetheremindertocheckyourdevice.（通過(guò)刪除通知，您可以刪除檢查設(shè)備的提醒。）符合段落大意。故選G。E.推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Asthesayinggoes,outofsight,outofmind.（俗話說(shuō)，眼不見(jiàn)心不煩。）可知此處說(shuō)的是"刪除提醒的好處所以E.Thisisalsoahelpfulremindertokeepyouawayfromyourdevice.（這也是一個(gè)有用的提醒，讓您遠(yuǎn)離您的設(shè)備。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了如何有效避免在設(shè)備上浪費(fèi)寶貴的時(shí)間的方法。關(guān)于選句填空的做題步驟：步驟一：快速瀏覽一遍備選答案，先確定哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)適合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：標(biāo)題，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。步驟二：快速瀏覽文章，確定文章體裁，抓住文章結(jié)構(gòu)。步驟三：分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，找出各段的主題句或主旨大意。步驟四：注意各選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的句子銜接手段，尋找句中銜接標(biāo)志詞。步驟五：區(qū)分相似項(xiàng)。21-40,【答案】C、B、A、A、D、B、C、D、A、B、B、C、A、D、C、A、B、D、C、A】（1）C.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.warns警告；B.informs通知；C.reminds提醒，使想起；D.convinces使信服。句意：我的小山丘和樹(shù)讓我想起了我童年最好的朋友。根據(jù)下文的“ofmychildhoodbestfriend"可知，此處提到作者童年最好的朋友，結(jié)合后文講述作者和朋友之間的故事，說(shuō)明小山丘和樹(shù)使作者想起了朋友。故選C項(xiàng)。）B.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解oA.belief信念，信仰；B.memory記憶;C.spirit精神;D.kindness善良。句意：即使友誼不存在，對(duì)最好的朋友的記憶也會(huì)持久。上文"Mylittlehillwiththetrees（1）meofmychildhoodbestfriend."提到童年的朋友，結(jié)合下文對(duì)朋友的詳細(xì)描述可知，作者對(duì)朋友的記憶很深刻。故選B項(xiàng)。A.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.see看見(jiàn);B.accompany陪同;C.accept接受；D.connect連接。句意：我仿佛還能看見(jiàn)她留著橙色頭發(fā)的樣子。根據(jù)下文"therewithorangehair"以及“Shewasthinandhadbrighteyes,asweetsmileandaninvitingopenness."rJ知，此處清晰地描述瑪麗安當(dāng)時(shí)的樣子，說(shuō)明作者對(duì)此記憶深刻，所以在回憶時(shí)仿佛還能看見(jiàn)她留著橙色頭發(fā)坐在教室里。故選A項(xiàng)。A.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.hunger饑餓；B.comfort安慰，舒適：C.ambition雄心:D.curiosity好奇心。句意：我們首先在一家面包店停下來(lái)，以滿足我們永無(wú)止境的饑餓感。根據(jù)下文"Weeachboughttwosmallcakes"可知，作者和朋友路過(guò)面包店時(shí)每人買(mǎi)了兩個(gè)小蛋糕，說(shuō)明他們肚子餓了，買(mǎi)蛋糕為了充饑。故選A項(xiàng)。D.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.playing玩耍；B.arguing爭(zhēng)論；C.wandering游蕩;D.laughing笑?句意：我們每人買(mǎi)了兩個(gè)小蛋糕，滿嘴都是蛋糕，開(kāi)始笑起來(lái)。根據(jù)下文"Thelaughter"可知，笑聲來(lái)自作者和朋友兩個(gè)人，說(shuō)明他們一邊吃的蛋糕，一邊開(kāi)心地笑起來(lái)。故選D項(xiàng)。B.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.changed改變；B.stopped停止；C.burst爆炸,爆裂；D.returned返回，歸還。句意：笑聲從未停止。根據(jù)下文"Welaughedthroughelegantdinnersandplayinghide-and-seekinthedark."可知，作者和朋友吃著優(yōu)雅的晚餐，而且在黑暗中捉迷藏，一路上充滿歡聲笑語(yǔ)，所以是笑聲從未停止。故選B項(xiàng)。C.考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.stubborn頑固的；B.selfish自私的；C.silly傻的；D.proud自豪的。句意：我們很傻。根據(jù)上文的"Welaughedthroughelegantdinnersandplayinghide-and-seekinthedark."可知，作者和朋友在回家的路上吃著蛋糕，在黑暗中捉迷藏，而且一路都在笑，所以作者覺(jué)得兩個(gè)人的樣子看起來(lái)是傻的，下文"whenweweretw。sillygirls”和此處呼應(yīng)。故選C項(xiàng)。D.考查連詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.because因?yàn)?；B.unless除非；意為表達(dá)"沒(méi)有更多可以吸取“，可知前半句的動(dòng)作是一直延續(xù)到后半句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間為止，所以用until,意為"直到…為止"。故選D項(xiàng)。A.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境理解。A.moveon繼續(xù)前進(jìn)；B.giveup放棄；C.helpout幫助......擺脫困難：D.stepback后退。句意：然后我們準(zhǔn)備繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。根據(jù)下文"MarianneandIwentin(10)—directions”可知，作者和朋友做好準(zhǔn)備按各自的方向繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。故選A項(xiàng)。B.考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.proper合適的；B.different不同的；C.clear清楚的；D.main主要的。句意：瑪麗安和我走向了不同的方向。根據(jù)下文"Inourlate20s,wemetupforone(11) lunchinacafeafterIbumpedintoherinToronto.”可知，作者后來(lái)在多倫多偶遇瑪麗安，說(shuō)明兩人之前不在一起，所以是走向不同的方向。故選B項(xiàng)。B.考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.free免費(fèi)的，自由的，空閑的；B.lovely可愛(ài)的，令人愉快的；C.late遲的；D.regular定期的。句意：20多歲的時(shí)候，我在多倫多碰見(jiàn)了她，我們?cè)谝患铱Х瑞^共進(jìn)了一頓美好的午餐。由上文"Inourlate20s,wemetup"可知，多年后作者在多倫多偶遇童年時(shí)期的好朋友，心里肯定是開(kāi)心的，可推斷兩人在咖啡館共進(jìn)午餐也是美好而愉快的。故選B項(xiàng)。C.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.worries擔(dān)憂：B.feelings感覺(jué)：C.lives生命；□.achievements成就。句意：我們成了Facebook上的好友，瀏覽彼此生活的點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴。根據(jù)上文的“WebecameFacebookfriends"可知，作者和瑪麗安成了Facebook的好友，F(xiàn)acebook通常是人們用來(lái)記錄并分享生活的，所以他們?yōu)g覽的自然是彼此生活的點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴。故選C項(xiàng)。