燒燙傷的程度劃分-中英文

燒燙傷的程度劃分:一、I度燒燙傷（紅斑性燒傷）：傷及皮膚表皮，表現(xiàn)為受傷處皮膚輕度紅、腫、熱、痛，感覺過敏，無水泡;3-7天愈合，不留瘢痕。二、（1）淺II度燒燙傷（水皰性燒傷）：傷及真皮乳頭層，水皰較大，皰壁厚，基地潮濕，表現(xiàn)為受傷處皮膚疼痛劇烈、感覺過敏，有水泡;水泡撥離后可見創(chuàng)面均勻發(fā)紅、潮濕、水腫明顯;2周愈合，不留瘢痕，可有色素沉著。（2）.深11度燒燙傷:傷及真皮深層，創(chuàng)面水皰較小、皰壁厚，去皮后基地紅白相間，可見網(wǎng)狀血管栓塞。表現(xiàn)為受傷皮膚痛覺較遲鈍，可有或無水泡，基底蒼白，間有紅色斑點;拔毛時可感覺疼痛;3-4周痊愈，留有瘢痕。:整【:整【I皮蛻傷三、III度燒燙傷（焦痂性燒傷）：傷及皮膚全層，達肌肉或骨骼層，皮膚感覺消失，無彈性，干燥，無水泡，蠟白、焦黃或碳化;拔毛時無疼痛。嚴重的燒傷不僅損傷皮膚，還可深達肌肉、骨骼甚至引起全身變化如休克感染等。愈合慢，愈合后疤痕增生。BurnClassificationNote:Thelistbelowshows4burndegrees.Whilemostofthepublicdoesnotrecognizethe4thdegree,itisthecorrectterm.Thetablebelow,with3degrees,isalsocorrect.Bothareacceptable.Determiningburndepthisimportant.Thingstoconsideraretemperature,mechanism,durationofcontact,bloodflowtoskin,andanatomiclocation.Epidermaldepthvarieswithbodysurface,whichcanoffervaryingdegreesofthermalprotection.Olderadultsandyoungchildrenalsohavethinnerskin.Firstdegree:Includesonlytheouterlayerofskin,theepidermisSkinisusuallyredandverypainfulEquivalenttosuperficialsunburnwithoutblistersDryinappearanceHealingoccursin3-5days,injuredepitheliumpeelsawayfromthehealthyskinHospitalizationisforpaincontrolandmaybefluidimbalanceSeconddegree:Canbeclassifiedaspartialorfullthickness.PartialthicknessBlisterscanbepresentInvolvetheentireepidermisandupperlayersofthedermisWoundwillbepink,redincolor,painfulandwetappearingWoundwillblanchwhenpressureisappliedShouldhealinseveralweeks(10-21days)withoutgrafting,scarringisusuallyminimalFullthicknessCanberedorwhiteinappearance,butwillappeardry.InvolvesthedestructionoftheentireepidermisandmostofthedermisSensationcanbepresent,butdiminishedBlanchingissluggishorabsentFullthicknesswillmostlikelyneedexcision&skingraftingtohealThirddegree:AlllayersoftheskinaredestroyedExtendsintothesubcutaneoustissuesAreascanappear,blackorwhiteandwillbedryCanappearleatheryintextureWillnotblanchwhenpressureisappliedNopainFouthdegree:Fullthicknessthatextendsintomuscleandbone.FirstSecond(SuperficialorDeep)Third(FullThickness)Depth(howdeeptheburnis)EpitheliumEpitheliumandtopaspectsofthedermisEpitheliumanddermisHowtli&woundlooksNoblisters;drypinkMoist,oozingblisters;Moist,white,pink,toredLeathery,dry,noelasticity:charredappearanceCauses知口皿「口，scald.flashflame-Sealds.flashburns,chemicalsContactwithflame,hotsurface,hetliquids,chemical,electricLev&l&fPain(sensation}Painful,tender,andsoreVerypainfulVerylittlepain,ornopainH&alingTimeTwotofivedays;peelingSuperficial:fivea21days.Deepc21-35daysSmallareasmaytakemonthstoheal;largeareasneedgrafting.ScarringNoscarring:mayhavediscolorationMinimaltonoscarring:mayhavediscolorationScarringpresentBurninjuryisthedestructionofthelayersoftheskinandassociatedstructures.1stDegreeBurn2ndDegreeBurn3rdDegreeBurn1stDegreeBurn2ndDegreeBurn3rdDegreeBurnAnatomyofSkin:

SetaceousGEandArterioJeTheSkinSensoryNerveEmdin-Eptd^rniis~SubcutaneousTissueFat,Collagen,fibroblasts-DermisGapillarieaSetaceousGEandArterioJeTheSkinSensoryNerveEmdin-Eptd^rniis~SubcutaneousTissueFat,Collagen,fibroblasts-DermisGapillarieaSweatGlandMuscle皮脂腺fiatdcvMiigiard神經(jīng)SwiKii.ifaAAFtarw汗腺導管Ewe"MCiiidkMl毛囊fiir鄴皮脂腺fiatdcvMiigiard神經(jīng)SwiKii.ifaAAFtarw汗腺導管Ewe"MCiiidkMl毛囊fiir鄴j汗腺毛:干JIKferLUil汗孔HV-iWIKI汗腺存管表皮E^MkAjs靜脈立毛肌脂肪細胞hk^uf^nMUKWThermalFlash-Ecplosionsgas,propanelgasolineandoiherfla.nniinnia.bleliquids.IntenseheatFor□verybriefperiodoftime.ClothingisprotectiveUnisysitigniter.Flame?Exro5u「Etciprolongeu,intenseneatHouseTires,improperuseoTTlarnmauieliquids,automeDileaccidents,ignitedclothingfromstoves/heaters.Scalds-Burnscausedbvhotliquids.Waler,oil,grease,tar,oil.Waterat140degreesF,erealesadeepburnin3seconds,butat156degreesFwillcausethesaneinjuryin1second.(Coffeeis103degreesFjustbrewed).Ci1TLim旭rentialburnsshouldraisesuspidanofnon-accidentaltraumaTarneedstoberemovedeitherwithanadhesiveremoversolutionorpetrolsumbaseddressings.Contact-Resultfromhotmetals,plastics,glassorcoals.Canb。verydeep.ChemkalCausedbystroncacidsoralkalisubstances.Theycontinuetocausedamageuntiltheaaentisinactwatedl.Alkalisubsiancesusuallycausemores巳ve「巳injurysincetheyreadwithIhelipidsintheskin.ElectricalCausedbyeitherACorDCcurrent.Currentfoiloweihepatnofleastresistanceandcausesinjuryinareasothertnaninecontacti'entrysite.TheycannotDejudeedfromtheexternalinjuryalone.Hignvoltage>1,000wits,Iawvoltage<1,000voltsandlightening.ElectricalburnsareIhermalburnsfromveryhighheat.Kadioloqicalcausedbyalpha,betaorgammaradiation.Theymayneed10havesometypeordecontaminationdoneto￡toptheinjury.燒傷的致傷原因1，熱力（熱水、蒸汽、火焰）2，化學物質(zhì)（強酸、強堿）3，電4，放射線燒傷的病理生理分期1,休克期：傷后48-72h-大量體液滲出，2-3h最快，8h達到高峰，48h開始回吸收，此期易發(fā)生低容量性休克。2,感染期：72h后-皮膚生理屏障被破壞。創(chuàng)面、滲液黎宇細菌生長繁殖，產(chǎn)生毒素。感染燒傷創(chuàng)面膿毒癥。3,修復期：傷后5—8天開始-I度燒傷，3—7天自行修復。淺II度燒傷，2周愈合，有色素沉著。深口度燒傷，3—4周愈合，留有瘢痕。III度燒傷，靠皮膚移植修復，留有瘢痕，影響功能。臨床表現(xiàn)和診斷燒傷面積：手掌法：傷員本人五指并攏的手掌面積為體表總面積的1%,五指自然分開的手掌面積為1.25%,適用于小面積燒傷的評估。

九分法：耘丸辦法標推部位面積兒螢面積發(fā)部3%頭頸面部3%1y&%=&%g%4門2-任拾)%頸部3%雙上臂E%兩上肢雙前簪6%2^9%=^%18%雙手q%軀干前回13%軀干里干后面13%”9呢=21%27%會陰1%雙臀5%取大睡21%兩下肢雙小眼13%6X9%4-i^=46%4映-(12-鈉陰胭足1%燒傷的嚴重程度：根據(jù)燒傷深度與面積判斷輕度燒傷：II°面積＜9%中度燒傷：II°面積10%-29%111°面積不足10%