外科專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)

酸堿平衡和水電解質(zhì)紊亂acid-basedisorders酸堿失衡acid-basebalance酸堿平衡acute/chronicacidosis急性/慢性酸中毒acidemia酸血癥acute/chronicalkalosis急性/慢性堿中毒alkalemia堿血癥simpleacid-basedisorder單純性酸堿失衡mixedacid-basedisorder混合性酸堿失衡buffersystem緩沖對(duì)系統(tǒng)deltagap陽(yáng)離子間隙respiratoryalkalosis呼堿metabolicalkalosis代堿hyperchloremia高氯血癥hyperoxemia高氧血癥hypercalcemia高鈣血癥hyperkalemia高鉀血癥hypernatremia高鈉血癥magnesiumexcess鎂過(guò)多hypermagnesemia高鎂血癥hyperphosphatemia高磷血癥aniongap陰離子間隙respiratoryacidosis呼酸metabolicacidosis代酸hypochloremia低氯血癥hypoxemia低氧血癥hypocalcemia低鈣血癥hypokalemia低鉀血癥hyponatremia低鈉血癥magnesiumdeficiency鎂缺乏hypomagnesemia低鎂血癥hypophosphatemia低磷血癥hypercapnia高碳酸血癥posthypercapnicmetabolicalkalosis高碳酸血癥后堿中毒diabeticketoacidosis糖尿病酮癥酸中毒uremia尿毒癥lacticacidosis乳酸酸中毒saline-responsivealkalosis鹽水反應(yīng)性堿中毒

saline-resistantalkalosis鹽水抵抗性堿中毒isotonicdehydration等滲性缺水hypotonicdehydration低滲性缺水hypertonicdehydration高滲性缺水edema水腫waterintoxication水中毒休克shock休克traumaticshock創(chuàng)傷性休克shocklung休克肺軟組織感染furuncle癤paronychiaacutephlegmon急性蜂窩織炎hemorrhagicshock失血性休克septicshock膿毒性休克shockkidney休克腎erysipelas丹毒acutelymphangitis急性淋巴管炎acutelymphadenitis急性淋巴結(jié)furunculosis將病carbuncle癰abscess膿腫acuteulcer急性潰瘍chroniculcer慢性潰瘍fistulacannulas痿管sinustract竇道felon膿性指頭炎外科營(yíng)養(yǎng)腸外營(yíng)養(yǎng)parenteralnutrition或intravenousnutrition腸內(nèi)營(yíng)養(yǎng)enteralnutrition代謝性并發(fā)癥metaboliccomplications膽汁淤積cholestasis基礎(chǔ)能量消耗basalenergyexpenditureBEE誤吸aspiration腹瀉diarrhea外科手術(shù)手術(shù)刀scalpel刀片blade刀柄hilt手術(shù)剪surgicalscissorsarticulo-關(guān)節(jié)burso-Harticulo-關(guān)節(jié)burso-Hmyelo-骨髓vertebra才隹骨-malacia軟化蚊式止血鉗mosquitoforceps手術(shù)鐐forceps持針器needleholder拉鉤retractor環(huán)鉗ringforceps絲線(xiàn)silksuture剝離dissection結(jié)扎ligation剪線(xiàn)cuttingsuture弓I流drainagecranio-顱chondro-軟骨spondylo一椎骨fascio-筋膜-porosis多孔vertebraen.椎骨止血鉗hemostaticforceps直血管鉗straightclamp彎血管鉗Kellyclamp有齒止血鉗kocherforceps組織鉗tissueforcepsorallisforceps縫合針sutureneedle巾鉗towelclip不可吸收縫線(xiàn)nonabsorbablesuture切開(kāi)incision止血hemostasis縫合suture拆線(xiàn)removingsuture骨科arthro-關(guān)節(jié)osteo->costo-肋骨thoraco-胸的teno/tendo/tendino肌-kinesia運(yùn)-trophy發(fā)育1、中軸骨AXIALBONESbonen.骨ribn.肋cervicalvertebrae頸椎thoracicvertebrae胸椎lumbarvertebrae腰椎sternumn.胸骨22、顱SKULLskulln. parietalbone頂骨occipitalbone枕骨 emporalbone題骨ethmoidbone篩骨mandiblen.下頜sacrumn.舐骨sternalmanubrium胸骨柄atlasn.寰椎sternalangle胸骨角coccyx尾骨xiphoidprocess僉U突axisn.樞椎thoraciccage胸廓frontalbone額骨sphenoidbone蝶骨骨hyoidbone舌骨vomern.犁骨vomern.犁骨nasalbone鼻骨inferiornasalconcha下鼻甲maxillan.上頜骨lacrimalbone淚骨palatinebone腭骨zygomaticbone顆骨orbitn.眶coronalsuture冠狀縫sagitalsuture矢狀縫lambdoidsuture人字縫cranialfontanelle顱岡2、附肢骨TARSALBONESANDEXTREMITALBONESclaviclen.鎖claviclen.鎖骨radiusn.模骨metacarpalbone堂骨hipbone髓骨pubisn.恥骨tibian.脛骨metatarsalbone跖骨scapulan.肩月甲u(yù)lnan.尺骨phalangesn.指骨:iliumn.骼骨femurn.月殳骨fibulan.腓骨humerusn.肱骨carpalbone腕骨趾骨ischiumn.坐骨patellan.骸骨tarsalbone跑骨4、關(guān)節(jié)韌帶flexionn.屈extensionn.flexionn.屈extensionn.伸展adductionn.收medialrotation旋內(nèi)lateralrotation旋外pronationn旋前.supinationn.旋后circumductionn.環(huán)轉(zhuǎn)vertebralcolumn脊柱temporal-mandibularjoint卸下頜關(guān)節(jié)articulationn.關(guān)節(jié)ligamentn.韌帶intervertebraldisc椎間盤(pán)shoulderjoint肩關(guān)節(jié)elbowjoint肘關(guān)節(jié)radiocarpaljoint椀腕關(guān)節(jié)pelvisn.骨盆hipjoint魏關(guān)節(jié)kneejoint膝關(guān)節(jié)anklejoint踝關(guān)節(jié)arthrographyn.關(guān)節(jié)造影compactan骨密度epiphysisn骨髓ossificationn.骨化synovialjoints滑膜關(guān)節(jié)fibrous纖維連結(jié)syndesmosis韌帶連結(jié)cartilaginousjoints軟骨連結(jié)articularsurface(cavity)關(guān)節(jié)面(腔)suture縫articulardisk關(guān)節(jié)盤(pán)articularlabrum關(guān)節(jié)唇articularcapsule關(guān)節(jié)囊extracapsularligament囊夕卜韌帶intracapsularligament囊內(nèi)韌帶yellowligament黃韌帶fibrouslayer(membrane纖維層，纖維膜synoviallayer(membrane)滑膜層，滑膜ynovialfold(villi)滑膜諼synovialfluid滑液circumduction環(huán)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)vertebraljoints椎骨連結(jié)ionterspinousligament棘間韌帶intertransverseligament?突間韌帶Intervertebralsymphysis椎間聯(lián)合interverbraldiscs椎間盤(pán)Fibrousrings纖維環(huán)Pulpiformnucleus髓核—AnterioEongitudinal前縱韌帶Posterio門(mén)ongitudinal后縱韌帶Zygapophysialjoint關(guān)節(jié)突關(guān)節(jié)Lumbosacraljoint腰舐連結(jié)Costovertebraljoints肋椎關(guān)節(jié)Jointofcostalhead肋頭關(guān)節(jié)Lambdoidsuture人字縫Costotransversejoint肋橫突關(guān)節(jié)Cranialsuture顱縫Sternocostaljoints胸肋關(guān)節(jié)Coronal(sagittal)suture冠矢狀縫Synchondrosesofcranium顱結(jié)合Temporomandibularjoint卸下頜關(guān)節(jié)jointsofshouldergirdle上肢帶連結(jié)coracoacromialligament喙間韌帶Coracoclavicularligament喙鎖韌帶Acromioclavicularjoint肩鎖關(guān)節(jié)Elbowjoint肘關(guān)節(jié)Sternoclavicularjoint胸車(chē)費(fèi)關(guān)節(jié)Shoulderjoint肩關(guān)節(jié)Humeroulnarjoint肱尺關(guān)節(jié)Jointsofhand手關(guān)節(jié)Humeroradialjoint肱楮關(guān)節(jié)Radiocarpaljoint,wristjoint楮腕關(guān)節(jié)，腕關(guān)節(jié)Intercarpaljoints腕骨間關(guān)節(jié)Carpometacarpaljoints腕皇關(guān)節(jié)Carpometacarpaljointofthumb拇指腕掌關(guān)節(jié)Intermetacarpaljoints掌骨間關(guān)節(jié)Metacarpophalangealjoints掌指關(guān)節(jié)Interphalangealjointsofhand指骨間關(guān)節(jié)Jointsofpelvicgirdle下肢帶連結(jié)Pubicsymphysis恥骨聯(lián)合Interpubicdisc恥骨間盤(pán)Obturatormembrane閉孔膜Sacroiliacjoints舐骼關(guān)節(jié)Pelvis骨盆Sacrotuberousligament1氏結(jié)節(jié)韌帶Greater(lesser)sciaticforamen^骨大(小)孑LTerminalline界線(xiàn)Greater(lesser)pelvis大小骨盆Superior(posterior)pelvicaperture骨盆上下口Pubicarch恥骨弓Subpubicangle恥骨下角Pelviccavity骨盆腔Jointsoffreelowerlimb自由下肢連結(jié)Hipjointft關(guān)節(jié)Kneejoint膝關(guān)節(jié)Transverseacetabularli城臼橫韌帶Ligamentofheadoffemur股骨頭韌帶Medial(lateral)meniscus內(nèi)夕卜側(cè)半月板Transverseligamentofknee黍橫韌帶Anteriorcruciateligament前交叉韌帶Posteriorcruciateligament后交叉韌帶Fibular(tibial)collateralligament腓(脛)側(cè)副韌帶Ligamentofpatella震韌帶Tibiofibularjoint脛?dòng)胠關(guān)節(jié)Tibiofibularsyndesmosis月至腓連結(jié)Cruralinterosseousmembrane」、腿骨間膜Jointsoffoot足關(guān)節(jié)anklejoint,踝關(guān)節(jié)talocruraljoint,距小腿關(guān)節(jié)intertarsaljoints跑骨間關(guān)節(jié)subtalarjoint,talocalcanealjoint品巨下關(guān)節(jié)品巨跟關(guān)節(jié)transversetarsaljoint跑橫關(guān)節(jié)talocalcaneonavicularjoint距跟舟關(guān)節(jié)tarsometatarsaljoint射跖關(guān)節(jié)transversearch^t弓intermetatarsaljoints跖骨間關(guān)節(jié)metatarsophalangealjoint?趾關(guān)節(jié)interphalangealjointsoffoot跖骨間關(guān)節(jié)archoffoot,tarsometatarsalarch￡弓，射跖弓medial(lateral)longitudinalarch內(nèi)(外)側(cè)縱弓其他Arthrosclerosis關(guān)節(jié)硬化Chondromalacia軟骨軟化癥DegeneratedJointDiseas變性關(guān)節(jié)炎Bonegraft骨移植ClavicleFracture鎖骨骨折PelvicFracture骨盆骨折PlasticParisCast整形硬石膏Amputation截肢MatastaticLesion轉(zhuǎn)移性損害Osteoporosis骨質(zhì)疏松癥ProsthesisReplacement人工彌補(bǔ)置換術(shù)腹部臟器Stomach胃Liver肝Smallintestine小腸Colon結(jié)腸(ascendingtransversedescendingsigmoid)Duodenum十二指腸 Jejunum空腸Ileum回腸Pancreas胰SpleenBileduct膽管GallbladderDuodenum十二指腸 Jejunum空腸Ileum回腸Pancreas胰SpleenBileduct膽管Gallbladder膽囊KidneyRectum直腸Cecum盲腸largeintestine大腸vermiformappendix闌尾analcanal肛管輔助檢查Abdominocentesis腹腔穿刺Urinalysis尿分析Abdominalultrasonography腹部超聲檢查Bariumenema鋇灌腸Bariumenema鋇灌腸Bariumswallow鋇餐Liverbiopsy肝活檢Stoolculture糞檢Retrogradepyelogram逆行腎盂造影Endoscopicretrogradecholangiopancreatograph修內(nèi)鏡逆行性膽胰管造影Bloodureanitrogen血尿素氮Urinecultureandsensitivity尿培養(yǎng)和敏感試驗(yàn)UrinalysisLiverbiopsy肝活檢Stoolculture糞檢Retrogradepyelogram逆行腎盂造影Endoscopicretrogradecholangiopancreatograph修內(nèi)鏡逆行性膽胰管造影Bloodureanitrogen血尿素氮Urinecultureandsensitivity尿培養(yǎng)和敏感試驗(yàn)Urinalysis尿分析內(nèi)鏡Gastroscopy胃窺鏡Enteroscopy小腸內(nèi)鏡Colonoscopy結(jié)腸內(nèi)鏡Cystoscopy膀胱鏡ureteroscope輸尿管鏡術(shù)式Highlyselectivevagotomy高選擇性迷走神經(jīng)切斷術(shù)Gastrojejunostomy胃空腸吻合術(shù)Truncalvagotomy迷走神經(jīng)切斷術(shù)Laparotomy開(kāi)腹Enterectomy腸切除術(shù)Enterectomy腸切除術(shù)Appendectomy闌尾切除術(shù)Choledochectomy膽總管切除術(shù)Colectomy結(jié)腸切除術(shù)Cholecystectomy膽囊切除術(shù)Cholecystectomy膽囊切除術(shù)Colostomy結(jié)腸造痿Subtotalgastrectomy胃大部切除術(shù)Pancreatoduodenectomy胰十二指腸切除術(shù)Right/lefthemicolectomy右/左半結(jié)腸切除術(shù)Abdominoperinealresection腹會(huì)陰聯(lián)合直腸癌切除術(shù)Lowanteriorresection直腸彳氐位前切除術(shù)Hepatectomy肝切除術(shù)Nephrectomy腎切除術(shù)Nephronsparingsurgery保留腎單位手術(shù)Ureteroneocystostomy膀月光輸尿管吻合術(shù)orchiectomy;testectomy睪丸切除術(shù)ureterectomy輸尿管切除術(shù)cystectomy膀胱切除術(shù)cysto-urethralanastomosis?胱輸尿管吻合術(shù)partialorradicalnephrectomy局部/根治性腎切除術(shù)PCNL：percutaneousnephrostolithotomy經(jīng)皮腎取石術(shù)ESWL:extracorporealshockwavelithotripsy體外沖擊波碎石術(shù)Surgicalexploration手術(shù)探查

心胸外valveprosthesis人工瓣膜bicuspid二尖瓣tricuspidvalve三尖瓣pulmonaryvalve肺動(dòng)脈瓣aorticvalve主動(dòng)脈瓣ventricle心室atriumpl.atrial心房interatrial心房間的atrioventricular房室的intrventricular心室間的atrialseptum房間隔ventricuarseptum室間隔angiography血管造影aortography主動(dòng)脈造影pneumotharax；aerothorax氣胸tensionpneumotharax張力性氣胸pleuraleffussion胸腔積液hydrothorax胸腔積液puncture穿刺thoracocentesis胸腔穿刺術(shù)drainage弓I流closedthoracicdrainage閉式胸腔引流mitralstenosis二尖瓣狹窄rheumaticvalvedisease風(fēng)濕性瓣膜病aorticstenosis動(dòng)脈硬化mitralregurgitation二尖瓣反流valvuloplasty瓣膜成形術(shù)aorticstenosis主動(dòng)脈瓣狹窄aorticstenosis主動(dòng)脈瓣狹窄arteriosclerosis動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化hemorrhage出血angi/o血管 vas/o血管arter/oarteri/o動(dòng)脈phleb/o靜脈 ven/o靜脈aorticregurgitation主動(dòng)脈反流intravenous靜脈內(nèi)的hematuria血尿vascul/o血管 aort/o主動(dòng)脈ather/o動(dòng)脈thromb/o血栓 venule微靜脈arteriole微動(dòng)脈angiostenosis血管狹窄ischemia缺血venacava腔靜脈

神外大腦： 神外大腦： cerebrum腦橋： brainstem腦橋： pons小腦： cerebellum溝：sulci橫裂： transversfissue頂葉： Parietallobe枕葉： Occipitallobe蛛網(wǎng)膜：ArachnoidmatterOlfactoryN 嗅神經(jīng)Oculomotor 動(dòng)眼神經(jīng)Trigeminal 三叉神經(jīng)Facial 面神經(jīng)Glossopharyngeal舌咽神經(jīng)Accessory副神經(jīng)Spinalnerve脊神經(jīng)anter