漢語言文學(xué)專業(yè)英語詞匯

漢語言文學(xué)專業(yè)詞匯（英文版）i^FELIX2015-01-0716:31:09文學(xué)思潮：Literaturecurrentofthought文學(xué)革命：Literaturerevolution古典文學(xué)：Classicliterature維新運(yùn)動(dòng)：Reformistmovement啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)：Enlightenthesport價(jià)值領(lǐng)域：wortharealm外國(guó)文學(xué)：Foreignliterature知識(shí)分子：Educatedperson浪漫主義：Romanticism唯美主義：Aestheticism百科全書：Cyclopeadia文藝復(fù)興：Revivaloflearing發(fā)音器官：Speechorgans功能名詞：Functionnoun專有名詞：Propernoun普通名詞：Commennoun集合名詞：Collectivenoun抽象名詞：Abstractnoun復(fù)合謂語：Compoundpredicate楔形文字：Arrowheadedcharacter語法范疇：Grammaticalcategory漢藏語系：Sino-Tibetan上層建筑：Superstructure意識(shí)形態(tài)：Ideology現(xiàn)代文學(xué)：Contemporaryliterature大眾文學(xué)：Popularliterature報(bào)告文學(xué)：Reportage批判主義：Criticism伊索寓言：Aesop'sFables希臘文化：Hellenism形而上學(xué)：Metaphysis孔子學(xué)說：Confucian喜怒哀樂：PleasureAngerSorrowJoy發(fā)源地：Source愛美?。篈mateur修辭學(xué)：Rhetoric語音學(xué)：Phonetic助動(dòng)詞：Auxiliaryverb感嘆詞：Interjection連接詞：Linkword邏輯詞：Logicalword里程碑：Milestone拉丁語：Latin田園詩：Idyl無名氏：Annymousperson真善美：TruthGoodnessBeauty英語分類詞匯：文學(xué)相關(guān)詞匯classicalliterature古典文學(xué)contemporaryliterature現(xiàn)代文學(xué)popularliterature大眾文學(xué)lightliterature通俗文學(xué)folklore民間文學(xué)saga(river)novel長(zhǎng)篇小說shortnovel,longshortstory中篇小說shortstory短篇小說lovestory愛情小說deterctivestory偵破小說mysterystory怪誕小說whodunit推理小說humorousstory幽默小說historicalnovel歷史小說essay隨筆bookoftravels游記reportage報(bào)告文學(xué)criticism評(píng)論bestseller暢銷書anthology選集thecompleteworks(of)全集edition,printing版masterpiece杰作copyright版權(quán),著作權(quán)deluxebinding精裝flatstitching平裝smythsewed線裝humanities人文學(xué)科writer作家book書volume卷theatre戲?。雷?theater）drama話劇comedy喜劇tragedy悲劇farce滑稽劇play劇本thethreeunities三一律（一個(gè)情節(jié),一個(gè)地點(diǎn),一個(gè)時(shí)間）playwright編劇act幕scene場(chǎng)plot情節(jié)Appendix1AGlossaryofLinguisticTermsAabbreviation[3>bri：VIe|ij8ri]n.縮寫.縮寫詞.略語ablative["abla|tiv]n.奪格a.奪格的absolute[cEbsalU：t]a.獨(dú)立的.獨(dú)立成分absoluteclause獨(dú)立從句abstractnouns抽象名詞accent['品ks?nt]n.口音.重音.（詩歌中詞或音節(jié)的）重讀accidence['sksidsns].詞形變化.字形變化2.（學(xué)科的）初步.入門accommodation[^kom3'deifn]n.調(diào)適.接納accusative[9"kjlJ：ZafliV]a.直接賓格的n.直接賓格（受格）acoustic[|BPkU：Stik]a.聽覺的.音響的.聲學(xué)的（---feature/cue聲學(xué)特征）acquisition[Ic￡kwi'zifsri]n.獲得.習(xí)得acronym[,史kranimn首字母縮略字.縮略詞active[ycektiV]n.主動(dòng)語態(tài)actor[dkl]n.動(dòng)作者.行動(dòng)者（actor—action-goal）addition[一'引|jli]n.力口.附加.添加address[-.]n.稱呼（forms/termsofaddress稱呼語）addressee[z^dre's|ii；]n.受話人，收信人，收件人addresser[9"dres3]n.發(fā)話人，發(fā)言人，發(fā)信人.adjacencypair相鄰語對(duì)adjective[,在C13iktiU]n.形容詞a.形容詞的adjunct['eedjArikt]n.附加語.修飾語.修飾成分adnominal[epd'noniinall]a.（定語）修飾名詞的.形容詞的.形容名詞的adverb[ycedva：b]n.副詞；狀語adverbial[：bial]a.副詞的，作副詞用的adversative[|ad'V3：SatiV]a.反意的.相反的n.反義字（轉(zhuǎn)折語）affirmative[國(guó)特咱t|i|V]n.肯定詞.肯定語affix[史行卜占”.附加物.添加物2.字綴.詞綴（affixhopping詞綴跳躍）affixation[“l(fā)il,0|”小.附加.附加法.詞綴附加法affricate[“mkil]n.塞擦音agent（agentive）施事agreement[srgri|：niant]n.（人稱.性別.數(shù).格的）一致airstream['E3str|i：m]n.氣流alliteration[j.lUeilrnn頭韻（法）allomorph[cPlOfTlD：f]n.同質(zhì)異形體.詞.語素變體allophone[''把113f日Un】n.同位音.音位變體allophonicvariation音位變體alveolar[srvi3la]n.齒齦音，齒槽音.alveolarridge齒昔艮ambiguity[，史用bigjU：iU]n.含混，歧義ambiguous歧義的anacoluthon["在n+XiSlu：9ori]n.改變說法.錯(cuò)格.句法結(jié)構(gòu)前后不一anadiplosis[,apn9di'j>l9usis]n.反復(fù)法.頂真analogical[."n.Wm匕iEil]a.類似的.類推的analogicalcreation類推造字anapaest[''在nap28t]n.抑抑揚(yáng)格.弱弱強(qiáng)格.短短長(zhǎng)格anaphora[才nd?fara]n.復(fù)指.首語（句）重復(fù)法annotation[^FlSUteij9Fl]n.注解.注釋antecedent[jcPFltSSi：dc）nt]n.（關(guān)系代詞的）先行詞antithesis[dPn'ti0is|iS]n.1.對(duì)立面；對(duì)立2.（修辭學(xué)）對(duì)語，對(duì)偶，對(duì)句antonomasia[，&!ntanau'rnei3i3]n.代稱，稱呼替換antonym[‘田口匕才li[fl]n.反義詞，反義現(xiàn)象aphorism[阿i|z|a咻.格言.警句.箴言aposiopesis[.己'p舊-iiipih，i,,]n.話語中斷，說話中斷法apostrophe[spostrafi]n.1.呼語2.撇號(hào)3.省略符號(hào)4.所有格符號(hào)appellative[la'pelstiV].名稱的2.通稱的n.通稱名詞.普通名詞apposition[jiPpSZ|jf8ri]n.1.同位語2.并置appropriateness[BTprauprl恪tniB]n.得體.適合.適當(dāng).相稱arbitrariness[Ci：I”.I「ifIIli1-.]n.任意性archaism[ra：keiiz3ffl]n.古體，擬古，古語argot[Cl：gaU]n.行語，暗語，黑話article[0]tikl]n.冠詞articulation[□）ll]n.（清楚的）發(fā)音.發(fā)出的（輔）音.發(fā)音動(dòng)作articulator[a：1tikjuleita]n.1.發(fā)音清楚的人或物2.發(fā)音器官articulatory[a：Ukjulatari]a.發(fā)音清晰的.與發(fā)音有關(guān)的aside旁白，私語，離題話aspect[ycespekt]n.（動(dòng)詞的）體.時(shí)態(tài).時(shí)間aspirated[''史甲可旗叫出.伴有h音的.送氣音的.吐氣.送氣assimilation[a'simii，1leijan]n.同化aureate[g：riit]a.絢麗的（--diction,絢麗辭令-style絢麗體）assonance[c?ScinsnS]n.1.諧音2.（詩的）準(zhǔn)押韻.半諧音attributive[同甲可iWMba.1.歸屬的.屬性的2.定語的n.定語auxiliary[iljUi]a.輔助的.附屬的.從屬的n.助詞auxiliaryverb助動(dòng)詞Bback-formation逆構(gòu)詞法baseform基礎(chǔ)形式basecomponent基礎(chǔ)部分basicform基本形式behaver行為者behaviouralprocess行為過程behaviourism行為主義bilabial[-iilKM'a.雙唇音的n.雙唇音bilabialnasal雙唇鼻音bilateral[卜3門「“計(jì)"冏雙邊的.雙邊音bilateralopposition雙邊對(duì)立bilingualism[bai'lirjgwalizam]n.雙語現(xiàn)象binary[bainsri]a.二元的.由二部分構(gòu)成的（--feature二分特征）binomial[bai'naumi9l]a.二項(xiàng)式的n.二項(xiàng)式blade[bl|&id]n.舌葉.舌面前部blankverse無韻詩bleaching["bli：1JiO]n.詞義淡化blending['blendir）]n.混合.混成法.裁切blocklanguage塊語、標(biāo)題式語言（有限語境中使用縮略結(jié)構(gòu)如Nosmoking）borrow（ing）借用.借詞boundclause粘附句boundmorpheme粘著語素boundingtheory界限理論bracketing括號(hào)法broadtranscription寬式音標(biāo)broadening詞義擴(kuò)大Ccalque[kJ“。.語義轉(zhuǎn)借.譯借vt.轉(zhuǎn)借（語義）.仿造語cardinal]'ka：dinl]n基數(shù)詞cardinalvowel基本元音category[-ri]n范疇（categoricalcomponent范疇成分）causative[南啊]a.使役的n.使役動(dòng)詞cavity['k在viti]n.腔clause小句.從句click吸氣音.咂音clipping[-klipi山n.縮略closure['kllaiJ39]n.關(guān)閉.閉塞cluster[kl/v,1）]輔音叢coarticulation協(xié)同發(fā)音coda[日UdW]n.節(jié)尾.韻尾code語碼.信碼cognate['kogzneit]n.同源詞.同根詞.同系語言cognitivepsycholinguistics認(rèn)知心理語言學(xué)cognitivepsychology認(rèn)知心理學(xué)cognitivesystem認(rèn)知系統(tǒng)coherence連貫.相關(guān).關(guān)聯(lián)cohension銜接collapse[ks'lffpS]疊合collective[k3lGktiV]n.集合名詞colligation[k巾WV）H]n.概括.搭連collocation[.k:1";7|.“吏組合.搭配command巾川口：nd]命令（句）commissive承諾語common^通的.共同的（---core共核）（---noun普通名詞）comparative[kam'pffrstiV]a比較的.比較級(jí)的

competence[Akompi|tans]n.語言能力complement(ation)補(bǔ)語complementary互補(bǔ).相反component組成部分，成分componential組成部分的composition組構(gòu)compound(ing)復(fù)合；復(fù)合詞(句)conative[rk3uin9tiv]a.意動(dòng)的concord[kOljkO：d]n.協(xié)調(diào).一致(關(guān)系)conditional[kandi[fsnal]n.條件句.條件語congruence[Akorigru8ns]n.重合conjugate['kond3u,geit]vt.列舉(動(dòng)詞)的詞形變化conjunct[K3rLe]a.連接副詞conjunction[kanAd3/\0kJan]n.連詞.連接詞connotation[>kan3"teif|an]n.含蓄.言外之意【邏】?jī)?nèi)涵consonant]>kons9n3nt]n.輔音.輔音字母a.輔音的constative[konSteit2]a.陳述的.表述的constituent[kSFIStitjd3nt]n.成分.結(jié)構(gòu)成分construction(construct)構(gòu)建content(ive)內(nèi)容.實(shí)義(詞)contrast(ive)對(duì)立.對(duì)比convention(al)常規(guī)；規(guī)約conversation會(huì)話conversationalconversion類轉(zhuǎn).變換coordinate/coordination/coordiative并列copula[*】pj川力n.系詞copulative[*5加網(wǎng)忖a.連系的.作系詞的n.系詞co-referential(ity)同指co-referential(ity)同指]n.舌冠（首）.舌尖首corpus['k3：p3S]n.1.文集.全2..軀體（尤指尸體）3.語料語料庫.素材corpora]kd:口8「3]（corpus的復(fù)數(shù)）correlative[ks>relatiV]a.相關(guān)的n.關(guān)聯(lián)詞count[Unt]可數(shù)的，countable/uncontable可/不可數(shù)名詞couplet[covert[*Aplit]n.對(duì)句.雙韻couplet[covert[1:八81]隱性的Ddactyl['小葉」il]n.（英詩的）揚(yáng)抑抑格.長(zhǎng)短短格dative['c1「iliV]a.與格的n.與格.與格語dativemovement與格移動(dòng)declarative[di"kterst|iV]a.1.宣言的.布告的.申報(bào)的.陳述的2.陳述的decode[-,li：+：u」]vt.譯解（密碼）deductive[山飛Nl?a.推論的.演繹的defeasibility消除可行性definite[Hdefinit].明確的.確切的2.一定的.肯定的3.限定的deictic[nd|aiktik]a.直證的.直指的（deixis）denotation[，di：nauT|t2iJmn]n.1.意義.本義2.表示3.名稱.符號(hào)dental['^'''1ill]a.齒音的n.齒音dentalization齒音化derivation[Jderi'veij3n]n.誘導(dǎo).來歷.起源調(diào)查.語言derivational[」Tp「i'veif9n3l]a.誘導(dǎo)的.衍生的；引出的determiner[dipta：mina]n.限定詞deviant[di：visnt]a.越軌的n.不正常者.變異物.變體deviation偏離；變異devoice[di：rvoiS]vt.使（有聲之音）變?yōu)闊o聲之音devoicing清音化diachronic[/daihkr3nik]a.歷時(shí)的diachroniclinguistics歷時(shí)語言學(xué)diacritic[>dai^kri^ik]a.有區(qū)別的.能區(qū)分的.辨另u的n.區(qū)別發(fā)音符號(hào)dialect[da|ia[ekt]n.方言.土話dialectology方言學(xué)diphthong[clif9o：ri]n.雙元音.復(fù)合元音directobject直接賓語directspeech直接言語discourse[、di&kcK￡]n.語段.語篇；話語discrete[d「k「i：1]a.1.分離的.不連接的2.抽象的disjunction[dis'd3Ar）kJan]n.分離.分裂displacement[d運(yùn)pleiSH18nt]n.移位.置換.取代dissimilation[ydisimi^leijsn]n.1.異化2.異化作用3.異化distinguish[drstiijgwiJ]vt.區(qū)別.識(shí)別把…區(qū)別分類distinguisher辯義成分domain[daTrnein]n.領(lǐng)域.范圍dorsal[^dQ：S0l]a.背部的.背側(cè)的舌背音.舌中音dorsum['d?：S3m]n.背.背狀部分.舌面（舌尖以后之部分）dual[''U":'l]n.1.雙數(shù)2.雙數(shù)詞dualistic[clju二）liJik]a.二元的.二元論的duality二重性Eejective[ia「kli”]a.噴出的.外射的n.外爆音ellipsis[i」ip-pn.省略.省略部分elliptic（al）[『l『lk]a.1.橢圓的2.省略的encode[inkaud]vt.1.把...譯成電碼（或密碼）endocentric[jend|3u'sentrik]a.向心的.內(nèi)向的epenthesis[dpenQisiSn增音.插入字母epithet['&pi9et]n.1.表示特征的修飾詞2.（描述f^勺）稱號(hào)equipollent[Ii：kwi'polant]a.相等的n.相等物equivalence相等equivoque['ekwLvauk]n.雙關(guān)語.模棱兩可的詞句.語義雙關(guān)euphemism[lin”「川小..婉轉(zhuǎn)說法.委婉（詞）語euphony[lju：f3ni]n.聲音的和諧.諧音.悅耳語音exocentric[^GkS9USPntrik]a.外心的exocentricconstruction夕卜向結(jié)構(gòu)extensive[iksTt|BnsiV]引申的；擴(kuò)展的Ffeasibility[biliti]n.可行性.可能性feature[fl：t19]n.特征.特色felicity[|f『lisi|ti]n.1.幸福2.（措辭等的）得體.巧妙.恰當(dāng)?shù)恼Z句feminine[feminiri]a.陰性的figurative["figjurativ]a.1.比喻的.象征的2.（文章等）多比喻的figurativelanguage比喻性語言；象征性語言figuresofspeech修辭手段；修辭格finite["fainait]a.1.有限的2.有窮的3.限定的n.有限.有限之物flap[]3P]閃音flexibility[lekSSbllitI]n.易曲性.適應(yīng)性.靈活性.彈性fricative['frikstiV]a.摩擦的n.摩擦音friction摩擦function功能fusion[,ljE「n]n.溶合fuzzy[MANi]a.1.有絨毛的2.模糊不清的Ggender[ydjenda]n.1.【語】性2.性別genderdifference性另1J差異generalization[,d3en9irala|rzeif8ri]n.普遍化.概括.綜合.歸納generative["d3en9reitiv]a.生殖的.有生產(chǎn)力的generativegrammar生成語法genitive[Pd3enitiv]a.屬格的n.屬格global[yglsub3l]a.1.球狀的2.全世界的3.總體的globaltask整體任務(wù)glottal['glOtl]a.1.聲門的2.用聲門發(fā)聲的.喉音glottalstop喉塞音gradable[rgreidab|ll]a.（形容詞）有比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的grammar['grcem3]n.語法grammatical[9^3HlcCtik3l]a.語法的group[gru：p）]n.群.組.類詞組guttural["gAtSral]a.喉嚨的.喉音的n.喉音.喉音字腭音Hhead[hed]n.中心詞；中心成分headedconstruction中心結(jié)構(gòu)heptameter[hep'temit3]n.七音步a.七音步的hierarchical[為已的「口：Kiki,.等級(jí)制度的.等級(jí)體系的hierarchicalstructure等級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)hierarchicalsystem等級(jí)系統(tǒng)hierarchy[hd的「口*'.等級(jí)制度.統(tǒng)治集團(tuán).級(jí)系.階系holophrastic[>h3laTfrcestik]a.表句詞的.單詞句的holophrasticstage單詞句階段homonym['honi9nim]n.同音異義字.同形同音異義字.同形異義字homophony[hSUHlOfsni]n.同音異義hyperbole[hai'ps：bali]n.1.修辭的夸張法2.夸張的語句hypercorrection[^haipaka"rekf9n]n.矯枉過正hyponym['haipanim]n.下位的名稱.下義詞hypothesis[ha.「paeisisn假說.前提.假設(shè)iiamb[aiffirnb]n.抑揚(yáng)格.短長(zhǎng)格iambicpentameter抑揚(yáng)格五音步詩行idiom[Jdiam]ni.慣用語.成語.習(xí)慣語2.方言.土話.(個(gè)人特有)用語ill-formedsentences不合適的句子illocutionary[ilBiTkju：Janmr|i]a.發(fā)語詞內(nèi)的.語內(nèi)表現(xiàn)行為的illocutionaryact話中行為；施為性行為illocutionaryforce言外作用；施為作用immediacyassumption即時(shí)彳所定immediateconstituentanalysis直接成分分析法imperative[im'peratiV]a.祈使法的.祈使語氣.命令的implicate['implikeit]vt.意味著.暗指n.包含的事物.暗含的論斷implication蘊(yùn)涵；含義implosive[inrpl-UEiV]a.閉塞音的n.內(nèi)爆發(fā)音inanimate[in"cenimiit]a.無生命的indefinite[indefinit]a.不定的.未定的indicative[irdik9tiV]a.陳述的n.陳述語氣.陳述語氣的動(dòng)詞形式inference['inf3rsns]n.推論.推斷[inferential[|iii|-''r'"iih-'l]a.推理的.推論的infinitive[l^"l''|fi|niti\/]n.不定式a.不定式的infix[infikS]n.插入詞.中綴inflection[inn'|fl|ekfari]n.1.變音.轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)2.彎曲.向內(nèi)彎曲innateness[i'neitniS]n.天生.天賦intensifier[in'tensifaia]n.1.增強(qiáng)器.增強(qiáng)劑2.加強(qiáng)者3.強(qiáng)調(diào)成分intensive[in'tensiV]a.加強(qiáng)的.密集的.加強(qiáng)語意的n.強(qiáng)調(diào)成分interdental[Jnt3：rdental]a.在牙齒間的2.齒間音的n.齒間音interface['int3fei[S]n.界面.分界面interjection[Jnt3"d3ekjf9ri]n.感嘆詞.感嘆語interlanguage[JntaJEer)gwid3]n.國(guó)際語言Interlingua[Iint3"liogw3]n.人工國(guó)際語之一interlocutor[/口匕l(fā)okjUt3]n.對(duì)話者internal[inr.]：n)l]a.內(nèi)的.內(nèi)部的internationalphoneticalphabet.IPA國(guó)際音標(biāo)interpersonal[/“匕p曰：63川]a.人與人之間的interpersonalfunction人際功能interrogative[jnt3r3g3tiV]a.疑問的.質(zhì)問的n.疑問詞intonation[JntsuAneiL(9n]n.語調(diào).聲調(diào)intransitive[EtTc￡nsitiV]a.不及物的n.不及物動(dòng)詞intrinsic[in'trin|sik]a.本身的.本質(zhì)的.固有的.內(nèi)在的invariable[inVEsrisbl]a.不變的.恒定的.一律的inversion[inV9：J8ri]n.反向.倒置.倒轉(zhuǎn)2.倒裝法IPAchart國(guó)際音標(biāo)圖IPSsymbol國(guó)際音標(biāo)符號(hào)JKLjargon[djQ：gsri]n.黑話；行語kernel['k9：nl]n.核心.要點(diǎn)keyword關(guān)鍵詞label[leibl]n.標(biāo)記.符號(hào).稱號(hào).綽號(hào)labial[leibi8l]a.唇的.唇音的n.唇音labiodental唇齒音language[“辰ngwidgn.語言larynx['曲r|iDkS]n.喉lateral[P|I|st9ral]a.旁流音的.側(cè)音的lateralsounds側(cè)音lax[I正kS]a.（元音）松弛的n.松弛的元音laxvowel松元音letter['le|tEJ]n字母level[l^vl]n.層，級(jí)，平面lexeme[Jeksi：m]n.詞匯.語匯單位.詞位；詞素lexical[lleksiksl]a.1.詞匯的.語詞的2.詞典的.詞典編纂的lexicon[lleksiksn]n.1.詞典2.語匯3.詞素lexis[lek8iS]n.（某一語言的）詞語（層）liaison[丁他Xn1連音linear[Iini8]a.線的.直線的linguistic[lirjgwi^tik]a..語言的.語言學(xué)的liprounding圓唇化literal[nwr^l]a.照字面的.原義的loantranslation翻譯借詞loanblend混合借詞loanshift轉(zhuǎn)移借詞loanword借詞Mmacro["m正kraU]a.1.巨大的.大量的2.宏觀的.mainclause主句mannerofarticulation發(fā)音方式marked標(biāo)記的masculine[（TlcPSkjuliri]a.1.男性的.男子的2陽性的maxim[在ksim]n.格言.箴言.座右銘mannermaxim方式準(zhǔn)則meaning意義meaningpotential意義潛勢(shì)meaningshift轉(zhuǎn)移mental(processs)思維過程；心理過程mentalism[,廊2nt3liN3n)]n.心靈主義message信息metafunction元功能metalinguistic元語言的metaphor隱喻metathesis[H1Rtt￡93SiS]n.1.音位轉(zhuǎn)換2.交換反應(yīng).置換metonymy[陽邙0萬而]江轉(zhuǎn)喻metre[mi：t9]n.格律.韻律.拍子metricalpatterning韻律格式9.3.3mind思維minimal['min9m9l]a.最小的.極微的n.極簡(jiǎn)抽象派藝術(shù)(或其作品)mirrormaxim鏡像準(zhǔn)則mistake錯(cuò)誤modal['m3UCll]a.1.形態(tài)上的.形式的2.語氣的.情態(tài)的3.典型的modalsubject語氣主語modalverb情態(tài)動(dòng)詞modality[|m9U'daPliti]n.1.形式.情態(tài)程序3.物理療法4.主要的感覺modification[.HIMlililii|；”l]n.修飾.變異modifier[^modifai^].修改者2.修飾詞語3.修飾基因4.改性劑monomorphemic單語素的monophonemic單音位的monophthong單元音monosyllabic單音節(jié)的mood語氣morpheme[川，口：月|：加/.語素.詞素(語言中最小的字義單位)morphemic[EO：fi：[flik]a.詞素的.語素的morphological[,lr''心it”.形態(tài)學(xué)的.形態(tài)的morphology[nI：i二I)I；<i]n.形態(tài)學(xué)morphophonemics[^ITUlfcJUfSFli][T)ikS]n詞素音位結(jié)構(gòu)2.詞素音位學(xué)mothertongue母語；本族語motivation動(dòng)因；動(dòng)機(jī)multilingualism多語制；多語現(xiàn)象Nnasal[riGiZ31].鼻白2.鼻音的n..鼻音.鼻音字母nasalcavity鼻腔nasalsound鼻音nasalstop鼻塞音nasaltract鼻道nasality鼻音性nasalization鼻音化negation[ni)li]n.1.否定2.反對(duì).反駁3.不存在4.對(duì)立面negative["neg3tiV]a.否定的.否認(rèn)的.反面的.消極的n.否定語negativeinterference負(fù)面干擾negativemarker否定標(biāo)記negativetransfer負(fù)轉(zhuǎn)移neutralize[Anju：traLaiZ]vt.1.使無效.抵消2.使中立化neutralizableopposition可中立對(duì)立node[naud]n.1.結(jié).節(jié)2.中心點(diǎn).交叉點(diǎn)nominal['nomin9l]a.名詞性的n.名詞性的詞nominalgroup名詞詞組nominalization名詞化nominative[AnominatiV]a.主格的n.主格.主格詞non-conventionality非規(guī)約性non-detachability非可分離性non-linearphonology非線性音系學(xué)non-linguisticentity非語言實(shí)體non-pulmonicsound非肺閉塞音non-reciprocaldiscourse非交替性語篇non-reflexivepronoun非反身代詞nonsensewordstage無意義詞語階段nonverbalcues非言語提示norm規(guī)范notationsystem標(biāo)寫系統(tǒng)notion意念nounphrase名詞短語noun名詞Oobject賓語object-deletion賓語省略objectivecase賓格objectivity客觀性obligatory強(qiáng)制性observationaladequacy觀察充分性abstruction阻塞octametre八音步詩行onomatopoeia[^0ri3rilc￡t3pi：3]n.1.擬聲.象聲詞2.擬聲法onset節(jié)首輔音openclass開放類opensyllable開音節(jié)operative可操作性operator操作詞oppositenessrelation對(duì)立關(guān)系opposition對(duì)立optimalrelevance最適宜關(guān)聯(lián)option選擇optional可選擇的oralcavity□月空oralstop口阻塞音ordinalnumeral序數(shù)詞originoflanguage語言起源orthography[|o：?ogrsfi].正字法.拼字法2.（幾何）正射影（法）ostensivecommunication直示交際overgeneralization過分法貝U化Ppalate['「s”il]n.1.上顆2.味覺3.趣味.嗜好palatal['p?13tl]a.上顆（音）的.顆（音）的n.上顆音.顆音palatal-alveolar腭齒齦音palatalization[,「史|日1日13「*4日11]江腭音化paradigm["pcersdaim].范例2.（名詞或動(dòng)詞）詞形變化（表）paradigmatic[>pspr3dig'iTi^ik^.范例的2.詞形變化（表）的paradigmaticrelation聚合關(guān)系paraphrase[pcerafreiz]n.1.釋義.意譯.改述vt.vi..釋義.意譯participant參與者particle[PpCCtikljn.虛詞（包括某些副詞.冠詞.介詞.連詞等）.字首.字尾partitive['pQ：titiV]a.1.區(qū)分的2.表示部分的n.表示部分的詞passive[史S|i"]n.被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞pattern模式patterning制定模式pause停頓peak（節(jié)）峰perceptual[p9"septjd3l]a.感知的.知覺的perceptualspan感知時(shí)距perfectionism完善主義perfective完成體performative（verb）行事性動(dòng)詞person人稱personal（function）自指性功能pharyngeal[」在川「，1引：.小.咽部的2.喉音的n.喉音pharynx[1」「3:',『.咽頭phatic['l「iHk]a.交流感情的.應(yīng)酬的phatic（communion）寒暄交談；phoneme[VdUPli：E]n.音素.音位phonetic[|faunetik]a.1.語音的.語音學(xué)的2.語音差異的phoneticalphabet音標(biāo)phoneticformcomponent語音形式部分phoneticsimilarity語音相似性phoneticsymbol語音符號(hào)phonetictranscription標(biāo)音（法）phonetics[f3unetikS]n.（用作單）語音學(xué)phonologic[一lei111門川匕戊冏音位學(xué)的.語音體系的phonologicalprocess音位過程phonology[f9u"n3lad3i]n.音位學(xué).語音體系phrase[|freiz]n.短語.詞組pidgin['pidgin].（并用兩種或多種語言的）混雜語.洋涇浜語2.事兒plosion['pl3U39n]n]爆破發(fā)音.爆破plosive['plsusiv].破裂音（的）plural[,「山?小山a.復(fù)數(shù)的pluralism['plusrjslizam].兼職.兼彳e2.多重性.多元論plurality[plua'rali^i].復(fù)數(shù).多數(shù).多重性2.復(fù)數(shù)（形式）polysyllabic[>polisifebik]a.多音節(jié)的Portugese葡萄牙語positivetransfer正移轉(zhuǎn)possessive[pa^esiV].擁有的.占有的2.所屬關(guān)系的.所有格的postdeterminer后限定詞pragmatic[愛§"川在tik].實(shí)際的.實(shí)干的2.實(shí)用主義的pragmatics語用學(xué)PragueSchool布拉格學(xué)派predeterminer前限定詞predicate['predikit]n..謂語.述部a.謂語的.述部的prefix['pr|i：|fikS]n.字首.前綴（人名前的）稱謂premodifier前修飾語preposition[小「2[婦ZiJ3FI].介詞.前置詞prepositional[/prepSZiJsnl]a..介詞的.前置詞的prepositionalphrase介詞短語prescriptive[p『i?「k「「1iV]a.規(guī)定的.因時(shí)效而獲得的presupposition[>pri：SAp9'zifari]n.預(yù)想.假定.前提primary['praimsrija.首要的.主要的privaprinciple["prins3pl]n.原則.原理process過程pro-form代詞形式；替代形式pronominal[口「3romin?]a.代詞的pronoun代詞pronunciation發(fā)音pronunciationdictionary發(fā)音詞典proposition命題prosodic[SOdik]a.作詩法的.韻律學(xué)的psycholinguistics心理語言學(xué)psycholinguistic-sociolinguisticapproach心理-社會(huì)語言學(xué)方法pulmonic[pArmonik]a.肺病的pulmonicsound肺閉塞音Putonghua普通話Qquality質(zhì)量qualitymaxim質(zhì)量準(zhǔn)則quantity數(shù)量quantitymaxim數(shù)量準(zhǔn)貝Uquantifier數(shù)量詞quantitativeanalysis定量分析quantitativeparadigm數(shù)量變化表quatrain[rkwatreiri]n.四行詩quirk[kW3：k].突然的轉(zhuǎn)變2.字的花體3.怪癖4.借口Rrange范圍rank級(jí)rationalism理性主義rawdata原始素材R-basedimplicature基于關(guān)聯(lián)的涵義realisation體現(xiàn)receivedpronunciation.RP標(biāo)準(zhǔn)發(fā)音receiver受話者；信息接受者recencyeffectrecognition識(shí)別recursion[ri'k3：3an]n.【數(shù)】遞回.遞回式.循環(huán).可溯recursive[ri'ka：siV]a.]遞歸的.可溯的；還原的recursiveness遞歸性reference所指參照referential[.refs'renlsl]指示的所指的reflexive[rirfleksiv]n..反身動(dòng)詞.反身代詞a.反身的regionaldialect地域方言register[、red3i&t|9]n.語域regressive[rigresiV].后退的.逆行的.退化的2.回歸的relativeclause關(guān)系分句.關(guān)系從句relativepronoun關(guān)系代詞relativeuninterruptibility相對(duì)的非間斷性relevancetheory關(guān)聯(lián)理論reliability信度repetition重復(fù)residue['rezi.dj|u：]n.殘余.剩余.剩余成分restricted[“「什訃li6]a.受限制的.被限定的restrictedlanguage限制性語言retrieval[rit「i："ml].取回.恢復(fù)2.糾正.補(bǔ)償檢索retroflex['retrauflekS].反折的.后翻的2.卷舌（音）的爪卷舌音reverserhyme反隕rhyme韻；韻角；壓韻rhythm韻律；節(jié)奏role角色root詞根rootmorpheme詞根語素roundvowel圓元音rulesoflanguage語言規(guī)貝USsamenessrelation相同關(guān)系Sanskrit[ScCFISkrit]n.梵文.梵taa.梵文的.梵語的Sapir-WhorfHypothesis薩丕爾-沃夫假設(shè)Saussure索緒爾scaleofdelicacy精密階schema["ski：m3].輪廓.概要.略圖2.先驗(yàn)圖式3.圖式secondlanguageacquisition第二語言習(xí)得secondarycardinalvowel次要基本元音secondarystress次重音segment[冶egmantn語流中的一個(gè)音素（或單個(gè)音）selectionrestriction選擇限制selectionalrules選擇規(guī)貝Uself-reflexive自反身semantic[sFmsntik]a..語義的.語義學(xué)的semantictriangle語義三角semantics語義學(xué)semi-consonant半輔音semiotic[>SefTliOtik].符號(hào)學(xué)的2.癥狀的semiotics符號(hào)學(xué)semi-vowel半元音sense意義sentence句子sentencefragments句子成分sentencemeaning句義sentencememory句子記憶sentencestress句重音sentencestructure句子結(jié)構(gòu)sententialcalculus句子演算setting場(chǎng)景sibilant[Hsibllsnt].絲絲作響的2.發(fā)絲音的.絲絲音2.發(fā)絲音輔音sign符號(hào)signified所指.受指signifier能指.施指simile['■川nili]n.（修辭）直喻.明喻simultaneity同時(shí)性singular單數(shù)slot空缺softpalate軟腭sonnet十四行詩sonorant[0己口0：「31~1%..響音sonority[|S3"noriti].響亮2.（聲音的）響亮程度sound語音

Spanish西班牙語Speaker說話者speech言語spelling拼寫.拼法splitinfinitives分裂的不定式spokencorpus口語語料庫spokenlanguage口語spondee[DsDOndi:]n.揚(yáng)揚(yáng)格spoonerism[SpU：nsriZSTIjn.斯本內(nèi)現(xiàn)象（即字音的無意互換現(xiàn)象StandardEnglishstandardizationstatisticalanalysisstatus地位StandardEnglishstandardizationstatisticalanalysisstatus地位stem詞干stimulus刺激stimulus-responsestop閉塞音stratification[stress重音標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化統(tǒng)計(jì)分析刺激反應(yīng)片tr史tiflkeijann成層.階層的形成structure結(jié)構(gòu)stylistics文體學(xué)subcategorize次范疇subject主語subject-deletion主語省略subjectivity主觀性subjunctive[Isab'djAriktivja.虛擬的n.虛擬語氣subordinateconstruction從屬結(jié)構(gòu)subordination從屬substitutability替代性substitution替換suffix后綴superlativedegree最高級(jí)superordinate上坐標(biāo)詞suprasegmentalfeature超語段特征syllabic[國(guó)門品bik].音節(jié)的.構(gòu)成音節(jié)的n.音節(jié)主音syllabification[出L住bifikeijn].（語音）分音節(jié)2.分音節(jié)法syllable['silabl]n.音節(jié)syllabus[silsbasjn.教學(xué)大綱.課程大綱2.要目syllogism['sil3d3i?m].三段論.演繹推理2.推斷3.詭辯.狡辯symbol符號(hào)synchronic[Sinkr3Flik]a.同時(shí)的.共時(shí)的synonym[惴皿日川田,.同義字.類義字（分類學(xué)中的）同物異名synonymous[si'nonimssja.同義的.同義詞性質(zhì)的synonymy[與n