一個(gè)合格譯員應(yīng)該具備的素質(zhì)

一個(gè)合格譯員應(yīng)該具備的素質(zhì)隨著對(duì)外交流合作與跨文化交際的不斷發(fā)展，譯員或譯者對(duì)需求量大大增加，同時(shí)也對(duì)其各方面的素質(zhì)的要求有了較大的提高。作文英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)的學(xué)生，未來(lái)潛在的翻譯后備軍，應(yīng)該如何具備這些素質(zhì)呢，經(jīng)過(guò)本學(xué)期的翻譯實(shí)踐，我對(duì)翻譯者應(yīng)具有的素質(zhì)有了較大的感悟。如何做一名合格的譯者呢我有了自己的感悟。一、良好的心理素質(zhì)，和吃苦耐勞的精神翻譯絕對(duì)不是一件簡(jiǎn)單的事情，面對(duì)篇幅巨大，內(nèi)容難懂的作品，本身心理上就承擔(dān)了較大的壓力，極易產(chǎn)生抵觸，厭煩等不良情緒情緒。要想實(shí)現(xiàn)高質(zhì)量的翻譯，首先就要有良好的心理素質(zhì)，能夠靜下心來(lái)仔細(xì)認(rèn)真的翻譯。當(dāng)今社會(huì)浮躁情緒彌漫，有些人會(huì)選擇盲目快譯的方法追求速度，很難保證質(zhì)量，也達(dá)不到翻譯所提出的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，嚴(yán)重的話會(huì)造成誤解和錯(cuò)誤，給讀者和大眾帶來(lái)危害。所以應(yīng)該靜下心來(lái)，還是要慢功出細(xì)活的。作為初學(xué)者的我們，尤其要有吃苦耐勞的精神，踏踏實(shí)實(shí)認(rèn)認(rèn)真真的學(xué)習(xí)。練習(xí)，翻譯，練好各項(xiàng)基本功，為未來(lái)的職業(yè)發(fā)展良好的基礎(chǔ)二、扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)言基本功作為一個(gè)譯者，必須要精通本國(guó)語(yǔ)言。當(dāng)我們閱讀本國(guó)文學(xué)作品時(shí)，較之于外語(yǔ)文學(xué)作品，我們通常更自信于自己的理解能力。我們自以為完全讀懂了文意，可是一旦開(kāi)始翻譯就會(huì)遇到障礙，才發(fā)現(xiàn)很多地方都理解錯(cuò)了。因?yàn)槭潜緡?guó)語(yǔ)言，較為自信，閱讀時(shí)就不仔細(xì)認(rèn)真，我們一味糊弄自己。為此，翻譯充當(dāng)著外語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的最好方法。三、良好的溝通愿望和協(xié)作精神有愿望則技能自然顯現(xiàn)，有精神則協(xié)作效果不斷顯現(xiàn)。具有良好的心態(tài)決定溝通協(xié)作的效果。經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)，有不少譯員把給翻譯公司作稿件看成一項(xiàng)賣(mài)菜的事業(yè)。一種純粹交易的心態(tài)和固有的簡(jiǎn)單化處理的保守意識(shí)。實(shí)際上，翻譯是一項(xiàng)人類(lèi)思維活動(dòng)的復(fù)雜勞動(dòng)?？蛻?hù)稿件的內(nèi)在實(shí)質(zhì)和外在表達(dá)方式也存在千差萬(wàn)別。拿過(guò)稿件不聞不問(wèn)，埋頭翻譯后稿件往往差強(qiáng)人意。根本原因即前期缺少雙方認(rèn)可的質(zhì)量規(guī)范，翻譯過(guò)程中又缺乏有效溝通。四、熟練高超的軟件操作技能。

有別于在線機(jī)器或軟件翻譯，現(xiàn)代譯員借助CAT翻譯輔助軟件可以極大提高工作效率一把重復(fù)性、記憶性工作交給軟件處理，把思考和創(chuàng)意性工作交給大腦和靈感?，F(xiàn)今翻譯工作涉及的也遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不只是翻譯輔助軟件，經(jīng)常要使用各種格式的文件用多種軟件處理版式和圖形，比如PDF稿件、InDesign出版稿件。僅僅翻譯文字和翻譯排版兩張皮的模式已經(jīng)不能適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)的快速發(fā)展與客戶(hù)需求。五、具備行業(yè)知識(shí)的深度和廣度翻譯稿件不是文字游戲，翻譯是用另一種語(yǔ)言表達(dá)內(nèi)容。如果沒(méi)有深厚德行業(yè)知識(shí)，就不能完整準(zhǔn)確地理解原文內(nèi)容，更會(huì)望文生義，誤譯和錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)也會(huì)出現(xiàn)。只有深度沒(méi)有廣度的知識(shí)已經(jīng)難以適應(yīng)快速發(fā)展的技術(shù)要求。很多領(lǐng)域已經(jīng)縱橫交叉，比如ERP（企業(yè)流程管理重組）涉及到業(yè)務(wù)、會(huì)計(jì)、庫(kù)存、生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域，信息通訊產(chǎn)品涉及到工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)、UI、IT和通訊核心技術(shù)。一名合格譯員不可能做到樣樣精專(zhuān)，但熟悉3-5個(gè)行業(yè)知識(shí)，并有能力處理與自己專(zhuān)業(yè)翻譯領(lǐng)域相關(guān)聯(lián)的專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)，已經(jīng)成為一名合格譯員的標(biāo)配。六、持續(xù)的學(xué)習(xí)能力，不斷使自己與時(shí)俱進(jìn)行業(yè)知識(shí)的老化是每一名譯者必須面對(duì)的問(wèn)題。技術(shù)日新月異，經(jīng)濟(jì)起伏翻轉(zhuǎn)，世界劇變都成為知識(shí)變化的強(qiáng)大動(dòng)力。漢語(yǔ)和外語(yǔ)新詞新意不斷涌現(xiàn)，技術(shù)創(chuàng)新推動(dòng)知識(shí)不斷更新變化。翻譯不是簡(jiǎn)單重復(fù)式勞動(dòng)，需要有創(chuàng)新思維，更需要有豐厚的新知識(shí)作基礎(chǔ)。學(xué)習(xí)成了譯者工作的有機(jī)組成。更多0Theexpertiseofthetranslatorselectedtoworkonanygiventranslationprojectisbyfarthebestgaugeofinsuringahighqualityoutput.Weuse8corecriteriatohelpguideourtranslatorrecruitmentprocess.Reacbntolearnmore…Whiletherearesomanydifferentfactorsthatfigureintoeachindividualtranslator'sexpertise,webelievethatthefollowing8criteriarepresentthecoreelementsforsuccessfultranslatorrecruitment:

Nativespeakerofthetargetlanguage.Degreeorequivalentcertificationintranslationand/ordegreeinsourcelanguage.Degreeorconcentrationinspecificsubjectmatterincombinationwithabovetranslationrequirement.(Thisrequirementcanalsobemetbyworkexperience.Seebelow.)SubjectMatterExpertise:3+yearsofworkingexperienceinfieldofexpertiseand/ortranslatinginfieldofexpertiseasanin-houseorfull-timefreelancetranslatorpreferred.ExcellentEnglishwritingandcommunicationskills.Accreditationand/oractivemembershipinarelevanttranslationassociationpreferred.Foranexampleofacertificationprogramreferto:AmericanTranslatorsAssociationCertificationProgramProofofcredentials.Mayincludeoneormoreofthefollowing:CV,testscores,transcripts,certifications,andreferencesfromrelatedworkexperience.SampleTranslation:SuppliedtotranslatorbyLanguageIntelligenceandevaluatedbyavettedLanguageIntelligencetranslatorworkinginthesamelanguagepairandsubjectmatterexpertiseasprospectivetranslator.Translatorswhomeetthesecriteriaandreceiveexcellentevaluationsareconsideredapprovedandaddedtoourdatabaseoftranslators.EachapprovedtranslatorsignsaConsultantAgreementandanyotherrequiredconfidentialitydocumentationasrequiredbyLanguageIntelligence'sclients.Additionally,followingapproval,wecontinuetomeasurethequalityofwhatthetranslatordeliversinthisway:Evaluationsforfirst3projectswhichareadministeredbyLanguageIntelligence'sLocalizationProjectManagers.InclusionontranslationteamswithvettedLanguageIntelligencetranslators.OngoingevaluationsoccurforalltranslatorsregardlessoftheirhistorywithLanguageIntelligence.TheabovecriteriaareallfactoredintoLanguageIntelligence'stranslatorqualificationprocess.However,eachbearvariedsignificanceintheprocessdependingontheindividual'scredentials,certification,educationorexperience.Meaning,ifatranslatordoesnotcarryacertificationinthetargetlanguagebuthasmanyyearsofexperiencetranslatingwhichisreflectedinanexcellentsampletranslation,theweightoftheselectionisnaturallyplacedontheexperienceandevaluation.Wewouldbeveryinterestedinhearingyourperspectivesontranslatorevaluation.Pleaseprovidefeedbackandcomments!Maybeyou'vealreadydonesometranslationwork,paidorpro-bono,ormaybeyouarecompletelynewtothebusinessandarewonderingifbeingatranslatormaybethejobforyou.Youmaybeaskingyourselfwhatittakestobecomeatranslator.BasicRequirementsNaturally,youhavetoknowatleasttwolanguages-that'sobvious.Howfluentdoyouhavetobe.Let'stalkaboutyoursourceandyourtargetlanguages.Thesourcelanguageisthelanguageoftheoriginaltextyou'retranslating.Thetargetlanguageisthelanguageyou'retranslatinginto.Mosttranslatorswillonlytranslateintotheirnativelanguageormothertongue.Thereareexceptions,ofcourse,especiallywhereatranslatorhasbeenlivingabroadformanyyears.Generally,though,mostpeopleonlyhavenativeproficiencyin,well,theirnativelanguage.IamaGermantranslatorandIhavebeenlivinginCanadaforover8years.Istillhavemytranslationsproofreadbyanativespeaker.(It'sgoodifyou'remarriedtoone.)HowdoIgetover10,000visitorsamonthtothissiteandearnanicesupplementalincomeReadthestoryhere...However,justbeinganativespeakerisnotenough.Ifyouareagoodwriterinyourfirstlanguage,youhaveprobablycomeaccrosssomewriting,evenpublishedwriting,thatmakesyoushudder.Nativespeakerscanwritepoorly,too!Ifyouwanttobeatranslator,youneedsuperiorwritingskillsinyourtargetlanguage.Youneedanexcellentcommandofgrammarandstyle.Ifacompanypayshundredsorthousandsofdollarsforatranslation,thedocumentmustbeimportanttothemandtheywillexpectquality.Therequirementsforyoursourcelanguagearenotquiteasdemanding.Youshouldhaveanexcellentcomprehensionofyoursecondlanguage,ofcourse.However,whenyou'retranslating,youhopefullyhaveaccesstolotsofdictionariesandreferencematerial(moreonthatlater).Keepinmind,though,thathavingtolookupalotofwordsofthesourcetextwillseverelyreduceyouroutputandspeedintranslating.IoccasionallytranslatefromFrenchtoGerman,butIdohavetoconsultmydictionaryalotmore.Ibelievethatmytranslationisstillgood,butittakesmeaccordinglylonger.Lastly,itisgoodtohaveabroadeducationandgeneralknowledgeofcertainspecialistfields.Translationagenciesandclientslookfortranslatorsthatarefamiliarwiththetopicofthetranslation.There'snothinghardertotranslatethanatextthatyoudon'treallyunderstand.Specializingincertainfieldsalsogivesyouamorelimitedvocabularyyouneedtomaster,especiallyconcerningtechnicalterms.Youmayacquireyourknowledgethroughaformalcollegeoruniversitydegree(IhaveaBachelorDegreeinPhysics),orsimplythroughreadinguponthesubjectmatterregularly.TechnicalResourcesAsanabsoluteminimum,youneedtoown,orhaveunlimitedaccessto,thefollowing:Acomputer.CanbeWindowsorMac,butIwouldrecommendWindowsifyouhavethechoice.Youmighthavepersonalpreferences,butWindowswillgiveyoubettercompatibilitywithyourclients.(Idon'twanttogetintothewhole'Billisevil'discussionhere.UnfortunatelyWindowshasade-factomonopolyinthemarket,andsomeimportantsoftwareisnotavailable,ornot100%compatible,onMac).AnInternetconnection.Withdocumentsgettinglargerandlarger,broadbandwouldbepreferable,butdial-upisfineforstarterstoo.It'simportantthatyou'reabletocheckyoure-mailseveraltimesaday,soanInternetcafeisnotagoodidea.Anofficesuite.YouwillneedatleastMSWord.(DOSversionsdon'tcounthere.)Excelisimportant,too.Powerpointmaybeagoodidea,butisnotascommonlyrequired.Ifyouaretranslatingwebpages,youwillneedanHTMLeditor.FrontPageisgood,butmostfreewaresoftwarewilldojustfineforthispurpose.Faxcapability.Thiscouldbeafaxmodemorane-faxservice.Afaxmachineisbetterbecauseyoumayhavetosigncontractswithtranslationagenciesandfaxthem.*Amobilephoneorapagerwouldbeagoodideaifyougooutduringbusinesshoursalot.Dictionariesandreferencebooks.Youcanneverhavetoomanyofthose.TheInternethasbecomeanexcellentresourcetoo.Andlastly,aquietoffice.Itdoesn'thavetobelarge,justenoughtoaccommodateyourcomputer,yourbooksandyourself.Youshouldbeabletoworkwithoutdistractions.Ifyoulivealone,yourlivingroomoryourbedroommaybejustfine.Ifyouhaveafamily,especiallykids,orroommates,youmustbesuretoeitherhaveanofficewhereyoucanclosethedoor,ortheremustbetimeswhereyourfamilyisout(workorschool)Othergoodthingstohave,butnotabsolutelyrequired,includedesktoppublishingsoftware(suchasPageMaker),atranslationmemory(DejaVu,Trados,Wordfast,etc.,moreonthatlater),andmoredictionariesandreferencebooks.Whatsoftwareisrequiredoftendependsonthefieldyou'reworkingin,andyou'lllearnasyougo.TranslationDegreeDoyouneedatranslationdegreetobecomeatranslatorYesandno.Readmoreaboutithere.TobecomeagoodinterpreteristheaspirationcherishedbyeverystudentofEnglish.Then,whatarethenecessaryqualitiesthatmakeagoodinterpreter?Inordertogettheanswer,wehavetounderstandthenatureofworkofaninterpreter.Theworkofaninterpreteristoreproduceorallyinanotherlanguagewhathasjustbeensaid.Toputinanotherway,itisoraltranslationonthespot.Interpretationcanbeconsecutive,thatis,reproductionafterthespeakerhasstopped,orsimultaneous,thatis,atthesametimeasthespeakerisspeaking.Therefore,specialrequirementsarisefromthespecialnatureofinterpretation.Someveteraninterpretershavesummarizedtherequirementsofinterpretationas"accurate,quickandsmooth".Obviously,acorrectunderstandingandreproductionofthespeaker'smeaningcomesfirst,becauseaninterpreterismerelyamediumamongspeakersofdifferentlanguagesintheircommunication.Atthesametime,aninterpretermustbequickinhis/herwork.Theymustnotdelay.Theirinterpretationshouldbesmoothsothatitcanbereadilyunderstood.Toachieveaccuracyininterpretation,aninterpretermustcomprehendcorrectlyinthefirstplace.Togetherwithsmoothreproduction,itisnotdifficulttoseethatagoodcommandofEnglish(orotherlanguages)andChineseisthe"prerequisitecondition”.Aclearpronunciationandintonationarecrucialforaninterpreter.However,theachievementofspeedneedsspecialtraining.Oneofthedifficultiesliesinmemory.Manystudentscomplainthattheycannotrememberwhathasjustbeensaid.Here,note-takingmayhelp.Note-takingservesasanaidtomemoryonthespot,soyoudonothavetotakedowneverywordbeingspokenwhichisbothimpossibleandunnecessary.Youonlyneedtotakedownthekeywordswhichrepresentthemainideasandofcourse,numbersandfigures.Yournotemusthaveaclearpresentationorpatternwhichindicatesthelogicaldevelopmentofthes