2019江蘇卷英語(yǔ)高考試題

2019年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（江蘇卷）英語(yǔ)第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分20分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Inaclassroom.B.Inahospital.C.Inamuseum.WhatdoesJackwanttodo?A.Takefitnessclasses.B.Buyapairofgymshoes.C.Changehisworkschedule.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whattodrink.B.Wheretomeet.C.Whentoleave.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleges.B.Classmates.C.Strangers.WhyisEmilymentionedintheconversation?A.Shemightwantaticket.B.Sheislookingfortheman.C.Shehasanextraticket.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。HowlongdidJamesrunhisbusiness？A.10years.B.13years.C.15years.HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutJames’situation？A.Embarrassed.B.Concerned.C.Disappointed.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。WhathasKate’smotherdecidedtodo？A.Returntoschool.B.Changeherjob.C.Retirefromwork.WhatdidKate’smotherstudyatcollege？A.Oilpainting.B.Arthistory.C.Businessadministration.WhatisKate’sattitudetowardhermother’sdecision?A.Disapproving.B.Ambiguous.C.Understanding.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。Whatisthemandoing？A.Chairingameeting.B.Hostingaradioprogram.C.Conductingajobinterview.WhatbenefitsMarymostinherjob？A.Herwidereading.B.Herleaders’guidance.C.Herfriends’help.WhowillMarytalkaboutnext？A.Herteacher.B.Herfather.C.Hermother.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。Whydoesthemanseldomdoexercise？A.Helacksmotivation.B.Hehasaheartproblem.C.Heworksallthetime.WhatdoesJacobSattelmairprobablydo？A.He’sanathlete.B.He’saresearcher.C.He’sajournalist.Whydoesthewomanspeakofastudy？A.Toencouragetheman.B.Torecommendanexercise.C.Tosupportherfindings.Howmuchtimewillthemanprobablyspendexercisingweekly？A.300minutes.B.150minute.C.75minutes.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。Whatdidthescientistsdototheroad？A.Theyrepairedit.B.Theypaintedit.C.TheyblockeditWhyareyoungbirdsdrawntotheroadsurface？A.It’swarm.B.It’sbrown.C.It’ssmooth.Whatisthepurposeofthescientists’experiment？Tokeepthebirdsthereforawholeyear.Tohelpstudentsstudythebirdswell.Topreventthebirdsfrombeingkilled.第二部分：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。例：Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildheorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever答案是B。Wehaveenteredintoanage dreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.A.whichB.whatC.whenD.thatThemusicianalongwithhisbandmembers tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.A.givesB.hasgivenC.havegivenD.giveThedoctorshareshisphonenumberwiththepatients theyneedmedicalassistance.A.ifonlyB.asifC.eventhoughD.incaseMorewindpowerstationswill tomeetthedemandforcleanenergy.A.takeupB.clearupC.holdupD.springupScientistshaveobtainedmoreevidence plasticisfindingitswayintothehumanbody.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whereNowadaysthe fortravellingisshiftedfromshoppingtofoodandscenery.A.priorityB.potentialC.proportionD.pensionFavorablepoliciesare toencourageemployees’professionaldevelopment.A.ineffectB.incommandC.inturnD.inshapeUnliketraditionalgyms,app-backedgymsofferpeople optionstoexercise.A.casualB.regularC.flexibleD.tightAfewmonthsafterhehadarrivedinChina,Mr.Smith inlovewiththepeopleandculturethere.A.wouldfallB.hadfallenC.hasfallenD.fell theconvenienceofdigitalpayment,manyseniorcitizensstartedtousesmartphones.A.ToenjoyB.EnjoyingC.TohaveenjoyedD.EnjoyWhatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orwe agoodtimetogether.A.hadB.willhaveC.wouldhavehadD.hadhadChina’simageisimprovingsteadily,withmorecountries itsroleininternationalaffairs.A.recognizingB.beingrecognizedC.toberecognizedD.recognizedTheyaretryingtomakesurethat5Gterminals by2022fortheBeijingWinerOlympics.A.willinstallB.willhavebeeninstalledC.areinstalledD.havebeeninstalledAcityistheproductofthehumanhandandmind, man’sintelligenceandcreativity.A.resemblingB.reflectingC.reviewingD.restoring---Let’stakeacoffeebreak.--- We’vebeenworkingforhours.A.Whybother?B.Whatfor?C.Yougotmethere.D.Yousaidit.第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Wildlifehasbeengreatlythreatenedinthemodemage.Therearespecies（物種）thatare___36___everyday.Thewhite-napedcraneisatypicalexample.Soscientistsaretryingtheirbestto___37___thespeciesfromgoingoutofexistence.ChrisandTimworkatazoo,helpingendangeredcraneswiththeir___38___.Emma,afemalecrane,hasbeenintheir___39___sinceshearrivedin2004.Bornataninternationalcranefoundation,Emmawas___40___byhumancaretakers.Thisledtoanunexpected___41___,thoughshehadawonderfultimethere.Emmahad___42___takenherselfasacraneandbecomedeeplyattachedtohumans.She___43___tolivewithmalecranes,andevenhada___44___forkillingsomeofthem,whichmadeit___45___forhertobecomeamother.46,thetwozookeepersdidn'twanttoseetheextinction（滅絕）ofthispreciousspecies.Withtheirpatienceandefforts,theysuccessfullydevelopeda47ofartificialbreeding（人工繁殖）andnaturalreproduction.This___48___Emmatogivebirthtofivebabycranes.Thetwokeepersareproudoftheirproductivework.Butbeforetheycanbe___49___,moreeffortsmustbemade,becausethepopulationofthecraneinthewildisonthe___50___,andmanyotherspeciesappearheadedtowardextinction.___51___,noteveryonehasrealizedthatwildlifehasthoughts,feelings,andmostimportantly,equalrightstosurvive.Howcanwe___52___theever-wideninggapthatseparatesusfromotheranimals?ChrisandTimofferedusthe___53___:humanbeingstookitforgrantedthattheir___54___heldallthesolutions,butmaybetheirheartscanbeabetter___55___.36.A.growingB.migratingC.competingD.disappearing37.A.banB.saveC.splitD.remove38.A.abortionB.recreationC.reproductionD.administration39.A.careB.eyeC.mindD.story40.A.foundB.chosenC.raisedD.seized41.A.bonusB.consequenceC.victoryD.sacrifice42.A.neverB.alwaysC.unluckilyD.cheerfully43.A.likedB.refusedC.decidedD.hesitated44.A.giftB.skillC.concernD.reputation45.A.illegalB.inspiringC.importantD.impossible46.A.ThereforeB.MoreoverC.HoweverD.Instead47.A.combinationB.collectionC.strategyD.system48.A.forcedB.forbadeC.taughtD.enabled49.A.defeatedB.gratefulC.assuredD.tolerant50.A.itB.riseC.agendaD.decline51.A.IncontrastB.AfterallC.BythewayD.Onthecontrary52.A.leaveB.bridgeC.openD.identify53.A.courseB.excuseC.answerD.reward54.A.brainsB.behaviorsC.servicesD.projects55.A.guideB.treatC.exampleD.companion第三部分:閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分,滿分30分）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AWhateveryourageorinterests,Buxtonhassomethingtoseeordotomakeyourvisittrulymemorable.HighenergyIfyoudesirephysicalactivitiesy,oucanchooseactivitiefsromswimmingtohorseriding.ExploretheheightswithGoApe,thehighwireforestadventurecourse,orjourneybeneaththeearthatPoole’sCavern.Anddon’tforget:wearesurroundedbyanaturalplaygroundjustperfectforwalking,caving,climbingandcycling.HighmindedBuxtonisjustifiablyproudofitsculturallif’ellanfdinydoumuchtosuitalltasteswithart,music,operaandtheperformingartsatBuxtonOperaHouse&PavilionArtsCentreandGreenManGallery.Thereareplentyofopportunitiesforthecreativepersontobecomeinvolved,includingworkshopsandevents.KeepingthekidshappyChildrenlovethesmalltrainandplaygroundsinthePavilionGardensandthere’splentymoretoexploreattheBuxtonMuseum.There’sanewindoorplaycentre,plusthespecialeventsandworkshops,andothersduringschoolholidayperiods56.Ifyouwanttotakeanundergroundjourney,whichplaceisthebestchoice?A.Pole’sCaven.B.PavilionGardens.C.BuxtonMuseum.D.GreenManGallery.57.BuxtonOpenHouse&PavilionArtsCentreisspecialbecauseitoffers .A.ridesinsmalltrains B.coursesinmodcmartsC.artisticandculturalactivitieDs.basiccoursesinhorseridingBInthe1960s，whilestudyingthevolcanichistoryofYellowstoneNationalPark,BobChristiansenbecamepuzzledaboutsomethingthat,oddly,hadnottroubledanyonebefo：rehecouldn’tfindthepark’svolcano.IthadbeenknownforalongtimethatYellowstonewasvolcanicinnatuhraet’—swhataccountedforallitshotspringsandothersteamyfeatures.ButChristianuslednn’cotfindtheYellowstonevolcanoanywhere.Mostofus,whenwetalkaboutvolcanoes,thinkoftheclassic■錐體）shapesofaFujiorKilimanjaro,whicharecreatedwheneruptingmagma（巖漿）pilesup.Thesecanformremarkablyquickly.In1943,aMexicanfarmerwassurprisedtoseesmokerisingfromasmallpartofhisland.Inoneweekhewastheconfusedownerofaconefivehundredfeethigh.Withintwoyearsithadtoppedoutatalmostfourteenhundredfeetandwasmorethanhalfamileacross.AltogethertherearesometenthousandofthesevolcanoesonEarth,allbutafewhundredofthemextinct.Thereis,however,asecondlessknowntypeofvolcanothatdoesn’tinvolvemountainbuilding.Thesearevolcanoessoexplosivethattheyburstopeninasinglebigcrack,leavingbehindavasthole,thecaldera.Yellowstoneobviouslywasofthissecondtypbeu,tChristiansencouldn’tfindthecalderaanywhere.JustatthistimeNASAdecidedtotestsomenewhigh-altitudecamerasbytakingphotographsofYellowstone.Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesontheassumptionthattheymightmakeaniceblow-upforoneofthevisitorsBenters.AssoonasChristiansensawthephotos,herealizedwhyhehadfailedtospotthecaldera;almostthewholepark-2.2millionacres—wascaldera.Theexplosionhadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.AtsometimeinthepastYellowstonemusthaveblownupwithaviolencefarbeyondthescaleofanythingknowntohumans.58.WhatpuzzledChristiansenwhenhewasstudyingYellowstone？A.Itscomplicatedgeographicalfeatures. B.Itsever-lastinginfluenceontourism.C.Themysterioushistoryofthepark. D.Theexactlocationofthevolcano.Whatdoesthesecond-paragraphmainlytalkabout？A.Theshapesofvolcanoes. B.Theimpactsofvolcanoes.C.Theactivitiesofvolcanoes. D.Theheightsofvolcanoes.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“blow-up”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymean？A.Hot-airballoon.B.Digitalcamera.C.Bigphotograph.D.Bird’sview.CWhocaresifpeoplethinkwronglythattheInternethashadmoreimportantinfluencesthanthewashingmachine?Whydoesitmatterthatpeoplearemoreimpressedbythemostrecentchanges?Itwouldnotmatterifthesemisjudgmentswerejustamatterofpeople’sopinions.However,theyhaverealimpacts,astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarceresources.ThefascinationwiththeICT(InformationandCommunicationTechnology)revolution,representedbytheInternet,hasmadesomerichcountrieswronglyconcludethatmakingthingsisso“yesterday”thattheyshouldtrytoliveonideas.Thisbeliefin“post-industrialsociety”hasledthosecountriestoneglecttheirmanufacturingsector(制造業(yè))withnegativeconsequencesfortheireconomies.Evenmoreworryingly,thefascinationwiththeInternetbypeopleinrichcountrieshasmovedtheinternationalcommunitytoworryaboutthe“digitaldivide”betweentherichcountriesandthepoorcountries.ThishasledcompaniesandindividualstodonatemoneytodevelopingcountriestobuycomputerequipmentandInternetfacilities.Thequestion,however,iswhetherthisiswhatthedevelopingcountriesneedthemost.Perhapsgivingmoneyforthoselessfashionablethingssuchasdiggingwells,extendingelectricitynetworksandmakingmoreaffordablewashingmachineswouldhaveimprovedpeople’slivesmorethangivingeverychildalaptopcomputerorsettingupInternetcentresinruralvillages,Iamnotsayingthatthosethingsarenecessarilymoreimportant,butmanydonatorshaverushedintofancyprogrammeswithoutcarefullyassessingtherelativelong-termcostsandbenefitsofalternativeusesoftheirmoney.Inyetanotherexample,afascinationwiththenewhasledpeopletobelievethattherecentchangesinthetechnologiesofcommunicationsandtransportationaresorevolutionarythatnowweliveina“borderlessworld”.Asaresult,inthelasttwentyyearsorso,manypeoplehavecometobelievethatwhateverchangeishappeningtodayistheresultofgreattechnologicalprogress,goingagainstwhichwillbeliketryingtoturntheclockback.Believinginsuchaworld,manygovernmentshaveputanendtosomeoftheverynecessaryregulationsoncross-borderflowsofcapital,labourandgoods,withpoorresults.Understandingtechnologicaltrendsisveryimportantforcorrectlydesigningeconomicpolicies,bothatthenationalandtheinternationallevels,andformakingtherightcareerchoicesattheindividuallevel.However,ourfascinationwiththelatest,andourundervaluationofwhathasalreadybecomecommon,can,andhas,ledusinallsortsofwrongdirections.Misjudgmentsontheinfluencesofnewtechnologycanleadto .A.alackofconfidenceintechnology B.aslowprogressintechnologyC.aconflictofpublicopinions D.awasteoflimitedresourcesTheexampleinParagraph4suggeststhatdonatorsshould .takepeople’sessentialneedsintoaccountmaketheirprogrammesattractivetopeopleensurethateachchildgetsfinancialsupportDprovidemoreaffordableinternetfacilitiesWhathasledmanygovernmentstoremovenecessaryregulations?Neglectingtheimpactsoftechnologicaladvances.Believingthattheworldhasbecomeborderless.Ignoringthepowerofeconomicdevelopment.Over-emphasizingtheroleofinternationalcommunication.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?Peopleshouldbeencouragedtomakemoredonations.Traditionaltechnologystillhasaplacenowadays.Makingrightcareerchoicesiscrucialtopersonalsuccess.Economicpoliciesshouldfollowtechnologicaltrends.DThe65-year-oldSteveGoodwinwasfoundsufferingfromearlyAlzheimer's（阿爾楚海默癥）.Hewaslosinghismemory.Asoftwareengineerbyprofession,Stevewasakeenloverofthepiano,andtheonlymusicianinhisfamily.Musicwashistruepassion,thoughhehadneverperformedoutsidethefamily.Melissa,hisdaughter,feltitmorethanworthwhiletosavehismusic,towhichshefellasleepcatchnightwhenshewasyoung.Shethoughtabouthiringaprofessionalpianisttoworkwithherfather.Naomi,Melissa’sbestfriendandatalentedpianist,gottoknowaboutthisandshowedwillingnesstohelp.“Whydothis?”Stevewondered.“Becauseshecares.”Melissasaid.Stevenodded,tearsineye.NaomidrovetotheGoodwinhome.ShetoldSteveshe’dlovetohearhimplay.Stevemovedtothepianoandsatatthebench,handstremblingashegentlyplacedhisfingersonthekeys.Naomiputasmallrecordernearthepiano,Startsandstopsandmistakes.Longpauses,heartsinking.ButStevepressedon,playingforthefirsttimeinhislifeforastranger.“Itwasbeautiful.”Naomisaidafterlisteningtotherecording.“Themusicwasworthsaving.”Herresponsibility,herprivilege,wouldbetorescueit.ThemusicwassillinSteveGoodwin.Itwasbiddeninroomswithdoorsabouttobelocked.NaomiandStevemeteveryotherweekandspenthourstogether.He’dmovehisfingersclumsilyonthepiano,andthenshe’dtakehisplace.Hestruggledtoexplainwhatheheardinhishead.Hestoodbythepiano,eyesclosed,listeningforthefirsttimetohisownworkbeingplayedbysomeoneelse.SteveandNaomispokeinmusicalcodelines,beats,intervals,movingfromtheroottoendasonginanewkey.Steveheardit.Allofit.Hejustcouldn’tplayit.WorkingwithNaomididwondersforSteve.Ithadexcitedwithinhimthebeliefhecouldwriteonelastsong.Oneday,Naomireceivedanemail.Attachedwasarecording,arecordingoflossandlove,ofthefight.Stevecalledit“MelancholyFlower”.Naomiheardmultiplestopsandstarts,Stevestruggling,searchingwhilehiswifeJonicalledhim“honey”andencouragedhim.Thetaskwassohard,andSteve,angryandupset,saidhewasquitting.Jonipraisedhim,tellingherhusbandthiscouldbehissignaturepiece.Naomimanagedtofigureout16ofSteve’sfavorite,andmostpersonalsongs.WithNaomi’shelp,theGoodwinfamilyfoundasoundengineertorecordNaomiplayingSteve’ssongs.Jonithoughtthatwouldbetheend.Butitwasn’t.Inthemonthsleadinguptothe2016OregonRepertorySingersChristmasconcert,Naomitoldthedirectorshehadaspecialoneinmind:“MelancholyFlower”ShetoldthedirectoraboutherprojectwithSteve.Thedirectoragreedtoaddittotheplayinglist.ButNaomiwouldhavetoaskSteve’spermission.Heconsidereditanhonor.Aftertheconcert,NaomitoldthefamilythatSteve’smusicwasbeautifulandprofessional.Itneededtobesharedinpublic.ThefamilyrentedaformerchurchindowntownPortlandandscheduledaconcert.Bythedayoftheshow,morethan300peoplehadsaidtheywouldattend.Bythen,Stevewashavingahardtimerememberingthenamesofsomeofhisfriends.Heknewthepathhislifewasnowtaking.Hetoldhisfamilyhewasatpeace.Stevearrivedandsatinthefrontrow,surroundedbyhisfamily.Thehouselightsfaded.Naomitookthestage.Herfingers.Hisheart.WhydidMelissawanttosaveherfather’smusic?Hismusiccouldstophisdiseasefromworsening.Shewantedtopleaseherdyingoldfather.Hismusicdeservedtobepreservedinthefamily.Shewantedtomakeherfatheraprofessional.AfterhearingSteve’splaying,Naomi .A.refusedtomakeacommentonit B.wasdeeplyimpressedbyhismusicC.decidedtofreeStevefromsuffering D.regrettedofferinghelptoherfriendHowcantheprocessofSteve’srecordingbedescribed?A.Itwasslowbutproductive. B.Itwasbeneficialtohishealth.C.ItwastiresomeforNaomi. D.ItwasvitalforNaomi’scareer.BeforeStevefinished“MelancholyFlower,”hiswifeJoni .thoughtthemusictalentofStevewasexhausteddidn’texpectthedamagethediseasebroughtaboutdidn’tfullyrealizethevalueofherhusband’smusicbroughtherhusband’smusiccareertoperfectionHowdidStevefeelattheconcertheldindowntownPortland？A.Hefeltconcernedabouthisillness. B.Hesensedaresponsibilityformusic.C.Heregainedhisfaithinmusic. D.Hegotintoastateofquiet.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.TheKindnessofFriends B.ThePowerofMusicC.TheMakingofaMusician D.TheValueofDetermination第四部分：任務(wù)型閱讀（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。注意：請(qǐng)將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號(hào)的橫線上。每個(gè)空格只填一個(gè)單詞。TheCostofThinkingDespitetheirmanydifferences,allhumanbeingsshareseveraldefiningcharacteristics.suchaslargebrainsandtheabilitytowalkuprightontwolegs.Thefirstuniquehumancharacteristicisthathumanshaveextraordinarilylargebrainscomparedwithotheranimals.Itseemsobviousthatevolutionshouldselectforlargerbrains.Mammals（哺孚L動(dòng)物）weighingsixtykilogramshaveanaveragebrainsizeof200cm2.Modernmanhasabrainaveraging1200-1400cm2.Wearesofondofourhighintelligencethatweassumethatwhenitcomestobrainpower,moremustbebetter.Unfortunately,thatisnotthecase.Thefactisthatahugebrainisahugedrain—consumptionofenergy—onthebody.I’snoteasytocarryaround,especiallywhenboxedinsideamassiveskull(傾骨).It’sevenhardertoprovidesenergy.Inmodernman,thebrainaccountsforabout2-3%oftotalbodyweightbutitconsumes25%ofthebody’senergywhenthebodyisatrest.Bycomparison,thebrainsofapes( 類人猿)requireonly8%ofrest-timeenergy.Earlyhumanspadfortheirlargebrainsintwoways.Firstly,theyspentmoretimeinsearchfood.Secondly,theirmusclesgrewsmallerandweaker.It’shardlyanobviousconclusionthatthisisagoodwaytosurvive.Achimpanzee黑猩猩)can'twinanargumentwithamodernman,butitcantearthemanapartlikearagdoll.Anotheruniquehumancharacteristicisthatwewalkupright.Standingup,it’seasiertofindfoodorenemies.Inaddition,theirarmsthatareunnecessaryformovingaroundarefreedforotherpurposes,likethrowingstonesorsignaling.Asaresult,humanscanperformverycomplextaskswiththeirhands.Yetwalkinguprighthasitsdisadvantage.Thebonestructureofourancestorsdevelopedformillionsofyearstosupportacreaturethatwalkedonallfoursandhasarelativelysmallhead.Adjustingtoanuprightpositionwasquiteachallenge,especiallywhentheboneshadtosupportanextra-largeskull.Humankindpaidforitsbroadvisionandskillfulhandsbackachesandpainfulnecks.Weassumethatalargebrainmakeshugeadvantages.Itseemsobviousthatthesehavemadehumankindthemostpowerfulanimalonearth.Buthumansenjoyedalloftheseadvantagesforafull2millionyearsduringwhichtheyremainedweakandmarginalcreature.Thushumanswholivedamillionyearsago,despitetheirbigbrainsandsharpstonetools,livedinconstantfearofmeat-eatinganimals.TheCostofThinkingIntroduction?Largebrainsfortheirbodiesandtheabilitytowalkuprightaretwo(71) ofhumanbeings.The(72) oflargehumanbrainsThelargerbrainsmaynotbebetterbecauseofthecost.Thebigbrainsmakeitharderforthebodytomovearoundandconsumemoreenergy.Theanimalbrainrequiresless(73) whenthebodyisatrest.Largehumanbrainsconsumemorefood,andweakenmuscles.The(74) ofwalkinguprightWalkinguprightmakesiteasytofindfoodor(75) againstenemies.Freedhandscanservesome(76) purposeandperformcomplextasks.Walkinguprightchallengesthehumanbonestructure,and(77) thesizeofbrains.Walkinguprightresultsin(78) sufferings.ConclusionWithalargebrain,humanbeings(79) otherbeingsintermsofintelligence.Weakandmarginal,humanbeingsremained(80) ofmeat-eatinganimals.第五部分:書(shū)面表達(dá)（滿分25分）81．請(qǐng)閱讀下面文字，并按照要求用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇150詞左右的文章。LiJiang：Haveyouheardthis?AgroupofexchangestudentsfromtheUKarevisitingourschoolnextmonth.SuHua：Yes,Ihave.SomearealreadyrecommendingthetraditionalChinesedressforthewelcomceremony.LiJiang：Butitseemspeoplehavedifferentopinions.SuHua：Whatdoyouthink?LiJiang：Ithinkit'sagoodidea.It'sanopportunitytomaketheChineseculturebetterknowntointernationalstudents.SuHua：Iagree.Butwedon'thavetodressthatway.That'snotourdailystyle.Besides'snotveryconvenient.LiJiang：Yousee.It'stheChineseculturethattheBritishfriendsarecomingfor.Justtherightoccasion.SuHua：Iprefertheschooluniform.It'snice.It'salsoabetterdisplayofourschoolculture.【寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容】1．用約30個(gè)詞概括上述信息的主要內(nèi)容；2．在上述場(chǎng)合，你是否傾向于穿中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)服裝？請(qǐng)說(shuō)明理由（不少于兩點(diǎn)）?！緦?xiě)作要求】1．寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中不能直接引用原文語(yǔ)句；2．作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱；3．不必寫(xiě)標(biāo)題。【評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)】?jī)?nèi)容完整，語(yǔ)言規(guī)范，語(yǔ)篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當(dāng)?！敬鸢附馕觥康谝徊糠致?tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分20分）TOC\o"1-5"\h\z.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.C10.C.B 12.A 13.C 14.A 15.B 16.A 17.C 18.B19.A 20.C第二部分:英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié):單項(xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）.【答案】C【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：我們已經(jīng)進(jìn)入到了一個(gè)時(shí)代，在這個(gè)時(shí)代夢(mèng)想實(shí)現(xiàn)的機(jī)會(huì)最大。句中先行詞為anage（一個(gè)時(shí)代），且先行詞在從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，所以關(guān)系詞用when。故選C。.【答案】B【解析】考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與主謂一致。句意：在過(guò)去的三個(gè)月里，這名音樂(lè)家與他的樂(lè)隊(duì)成員已經(jīng)完成了十場(chǎng)演出。由“inthelastthreemonths”可知，這句話的時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故排除AD選項(xiàng)。本句主語(yǔ)為themusician，為第三人稱單數(shù)形式，句中的“alongwithhisbandmembers”是附加成分，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故選B。.【答案】D【解析】考查狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞。句意：醫(yī)生給了病人他的手機(jī)號(hào)碼，以防病人需要醫(yī)療援助。A.ifonly要是…多好；B.asif好像，仿佛；C.eventhough即使，盡管；D.incase以備，以防，免得。故選D。24.【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組。句意：為了滿足新能源的需求，更多的風(fēng)力發(fā)電站將會(huì)被建立起來(lái)。A.takeup開(kāi)始從事，占領(lǐng)，開(kāi)始干（工作）；B.clearup整理，收拾，解決（問(wèn)題）；C.holdup（論點(diǎn)、理論等）站得住腳，阻擋，舉起；D.springup出現(xiàn)，涌現(xiàn)。故選D。.【答案】B【解析】考查同位語(yǔ)從句。句意：科學(xué)家已經(jīng)獲得更多證據(jù)，塑料正在進(jìn)入人們的體內(nèi)。從句不缺句子成分，且與evidence指代的是同一事件，用that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。故選B。.【答案】A【解析】考查名詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)今，旅行的重點(diǎn)從購(gòu)物轉(zhuǎn)變成了品嘗美食和欣賞風(fēng)景。A.priority優(yōu)先；優(yōu)先權(quán)；B.potential潛在的，可能的；C.proportion比例，占比；D.pension退休金，撫恤金。故選A。27.【答案】A【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意：好的制度政策實(shí)際上都會(huì)激發(fā)員工的專業(yè)水平的提升。A.ineffect實(shí)際上；B.incommand指揮；C.inturn輪流，依次；D.inshape在外形上，處于良好的狀態(tài)。故選A。28.【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞辨析。句意：不像傳統(tǒng)的體育鍛煉，有app軟件的體育鍛煉提供了靈活的鍛煉選項(xiàng)。A.casual偶然的，隨便的；B.regular定期的，有規(guī)律的；C.flexible靈活的；D.tight緊的，密封的。故選C。.【答案】D【解析】考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他到中國(guó)幾個(gè)月后，就喜歡上了那里的人和文化。發(fā)生在hadarrived之后的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選D。.【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處是不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。句意：為了享受數(shù)字支付的方便，很多老年市民開(kāi)始使用智能手機(jī)。故選A。.【答案】C【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：真遺憾！你錯(cuò)過(guò)了這次觀光，否則，我們本應(yīng)該在一起度過(guò)一段愉快時(shí)光的。根據(jù)上文，可知是對(duì)過(guò)去事情的虛擬，與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：從句：If+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去完成時(shí)+其他，主句：主語(yǔ)+should（would,could,might）+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)+其他，故選C。.【答案】A【解析】考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：中國(guó)的形象正在穩(wěn)步提升，更多的國(guó)家認(rèn)識(shí)到中國(guó)在國(guó)際事務(wù)中的作用?！案嗟膰?guó)家”和“認(rèn)識(shí)”之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用with+名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，故選A。.【答案】B【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：他們正努力確保在2022年北京冬奧會(huì)之前安裝5G終端。表示在將來(lái)某一時(shí)間以前已經(jīng)完成或一直持續(xù)的動(dòng)作，用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。“5G終端”和“安裝”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選B。.【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：城市是人類的雙手和思想的產(chǎn)物，反映了人的智慧和創(chuàng)造力。resembling像；reflecting反映；reviewing回顧；restoring恢復(fù)，根據(jù)題意，故選B。.【答案】D【解析】考查情景對(duì)話?！湟猓何覀冃菹⒁幌潞缺Х劝??！闼阏f(shuō)對(duì)了。我們已經(jīng)工作好幾個(gè)小時(shí)了。下文說(shuō)‘我們已經(jīng)工作好幾個(gè)小時(shí)了”，上文應(yīng)該是贊同這個(gè)建議。whybother沒(méi)有必要；whatfor為什么；Yougotmethere你把我搞糊涂了；Yousaidit你算說(shuō)對(duì)了，故選D。第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）【答案】36.D37.B38.C39.A40.C41.B42.A43.B44.D45.D46.C47.A48.D49.C50.D51.B52.B53.C54.A55.A【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議類的文章。在現(xiàn)代，野生動(dòng)物正在遭受巨大威脅，每天都有一些物種滅絕。白鶴就是其中之一。但是，有很多人正在竭盡全力保護(hù)這些物種免于滅絕。Chris和Tim通過(guò)努力，幫助一只名叫Emma的雌鶴繁殖了五只幼鶴?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)第一句"Wildlifehasbeengreatlythreatenedinthemodern29?和最后一句提至U的“…thespeciesfromgoingoutofexistence”可以推知，野生動(dòng)物正在遭受巨大威脅，每天都有一些物種滅絕，即：“消失”。D選項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】前文提到每天都有物種消失，那么該句應(yīng)指科學(xué)家們正在竭盡全力保護(hù)這些物種，使它們免于滅絕。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】上文最后一句提到科學(xué)家們竭盡全力保護(hù)瀕臨滅絕的物種此推知，該處應(yīng)指Chris和Tim幫助瀕危物種繁殖，增加它們的數(shù)量，這樣它們才不至于滅絕。故該空應(yīng)指殖”，C選項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】自從2004年，Emma一直由Chris和Tim照顧。該空和下一句中的“humancaretaker”呼應(yīng)。故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)空后的“humancaretakers'W知，caretaker當(dāng)然是照看Emma的。故該句應(yīng)指：出生在一個(gè)國(guó)際鶴基地，Emma由人類撫養(yǎng)照看。故選C?！?1題詳解】根據(jù)空后的though（盡管）可知，though前后的兩個(gè)句子之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。后面提到，她過(guò)得很開(kāi)心。根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，那么前文應(yīng)該表示但是這導(dǎo)致了出乎意料的結(jié)果。B選項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)下文中的“becomedeeplyattachedtohumans…even…killingsomeofthem”等內(nèi)容可知，因?yàn)镋mma一直由人類照看，所以它沒(méi)有將自己看作是一只鶴，而是深深的依戀上了人類。故選A?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)上文，Emma不把自己當(dāng)作鶴，所以它“拒絕”和雄鶴生活在一起。B選項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)even（甚至）這個(gè)遞進(jìn)關(guān)系可知，Emma不僅拒絕和雄鶴生活在一起，而且因?yàn)榕懒藥字恍埴Q而“臭名昭著”。故D選項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】Emma拒絕和雄鶴生活，這當(dāng)然使得她“不可能”生育小鶴，成為媽媽。D選項(xiàng)正確?！?6題詳解】上文提到Emma拒絕和雄鶴生活，使得她不可能生育小鶴。下文提到兩位動(dòng)物園管理員不想看到這一物種的滅絕。由此推知，上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。C選項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】經(jīng)過(guò)努力，Chris和Tim成功的將“人工繁殖”和“自然繁殖”結(jié)合在一起。A選項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】Chris和Tim成功的將“人工繁殖”和“自然繁殖”結(jié)合在一起，這使得Emma誕育了五只幼鶴。enablesb.todosth.意為“使……能夠做某事”，D選項(xiàng)正確。【49題詳解】根據(jù)后文的moreeffortsmustbemade可以推知，盡管兩個(gè)人為自己的成就感到驕傲，但是他們還需要付出更多努力，因?yàn)橐吧Q的數(shù)量在減少。所以他們還不能完全放心（白鶴不會(huì)滅絕。故選C。assured意為“確定的，有把握的，自信的”?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)b