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HeightenYourAppreciationofMusicMusicissuchafundamentalpartofhumanculturethatitlikelypre-datesliteracy,theinventionofthewheel,andeventhemusicalnoteitself.Whilepeoplegenerallyknowwhatkindofmusictheylike—andwhattheydon't—itspossibletoexpandyourappreciationbylearningnewwaystolisten.Herearesometipsforcultivatingsensitiveawarenessofmusicalelements.Youmightfeelfrightenedpickingupaguitarorsittingdownatapianobutlearninganinstrumentcanhelpyoubetterunderstandhowasongcomestogetherandwhatroleaspecifictypeofsoundplaysinthecomposition.Moreover,themovementandeffortofaliveperformancecanoftenfocusyourattentiononpartsofasongyoumayhaveotherwisemissed.So,thenexttimeyouhearasong一particularlyaclassicalarrangement—trytoimagineitbeingperformed.Or,trytopictureascene(athunderstorm,arace)thatbestfitsthemoodandtempoofthepiece.Il'scertainlynotnecessarytograbyourfavoritemusician'sbiographyinordertoappreciateagoodditty,butitmayhelpyoubetterunderstandthecontextinwhichheorshewrotethelyricsorrecordedatrack.Researchingbackgroundscanalsoleadyoutodiscoversocialandpoliticalinfluencesatthetimethemusicwascreated.Itcouldbehardtoappreciateawarmdayunlessyou'vespentawinterfreezing.Likewise,listeningtomusicrequiresacontrastthathelpsyoubetterunderstandhoworganizedandharmoniousitcanbe.Listento—don'tjusthear—common,everydaynoises.Whilesomemaybeirritating,othersmayhaveamelodyalltheirown.Eitherway,you'llreturntoapieceofmusicwithanewrespectforafocused,deliberatebitofsound.參考答案：1.Musicisimportantinhumanculture.Herearcseveralwaystolevelupone'sappreciation.First,learninginstrumentshelpsunderstandmusicalcompositionandliveperformancemakesonefocusonthedetails.Second,musicians5biographiesandbackgroundresearchtellthecontextknowledgeandinfluencesofmusicalpieces.Finally,onecanappreciatemusicbetterbylisteningtoeverydaynoisesasacontrast.(60words)（2）Brain-readingsoftwareOpensCommunicationChannelsScientistStephenHawkinghadtoworkreallyhardtospeak.Hechoselettersandwordsfromasynthesizerscreencontrolledbytwitchesofamuscleinhischeck.However,thepainstakingprocessusedbyHawking,whodiedin2018,mightsoonbereplaced.Withaverydifferentapproach,doctorshavefoundawaytogetaperson'sspeechdirectlyfromtheirbrain.Thebreakthroughisthefirsttoshowhowaperson'sintentiontosayspecificwordscanbetakenfrombrainsignalsandturnedintotextquickly.Thework,fundedbyFacebook,waspossiblethankstothreepatients.Theyhadepilepsy（癲癇）andwereabouttohavesurgeryfbrtheircondition.Beforetheiroperationswentahead,allthreehadasmallpatchoftinydevicesplaceddirectlyontheirbrainforatleastaweek.Thedoctorusedthedevicestorecordbrainactivitywhileeachpatientwasaskedninequestions.Thepatientsalsowereaskedloreadalistof24potentialresponses.Usingtherecordings,researchersbuiltcomputermodelsthatlearnedtomatchparticularpatternsofbrainactivitytothequestionsthepatientsheardandtheanswerstheyspoke.Oncetrained,thesoftwarecouldidentifyalmostinstantly,andfrombrainsignalsalone,whatquestionapatientheard.Despitethebreakthrough,therearehurdlesahead.Onechallengeistoimprovethesoftwaresoitcantranslatebrainsignalsintomorevariedspeech.Thiswillrequiresoftwaretrainedonahugeamountofspokenlanguageandcorrespondingbrainsignaldata.Brainsignalsvaryfromonepatienttoanother.Anothergoalistoreadunimaginedspeech,orsentencesspokeninthemind.At（hemoment,（hesystemdetectsbrainsignalsthataresenttomovethelips,tongueandjaw.Inotherwords,itseessignalsbetweenthemachineryofspeech.However,fbrsomepatientsthesesignalsmaynotbeenoughandmoreadvancedwaysofreadingsentencesinthebrainwillbeneeded.參考答案：2.Abrain-readingsoftwaretranslatingbrainsignalsintotextseliminateslimitationofmachinesusedbyHawking.Scientistsrecordedbrainactivitiesofthreeepilepsypatientsduringquestionandresponseprocesstobuildcomputermodelsabletomatchbrainsignalsandspeech.Challengeslieinfeedingmoredatatoenableinterpretationofdiversifiedspeechandadvancedwaystoreadsentencesnotspokendirectly.(60words)WhatMakesCostcoSoSuccessful?CostcoisanAmericanmultinationalcorporationwhichoperatesachainofmembership-onlywarehouseclubs.Theworld'slargestretailersdidn'tachieve(hathonorbychance.Costco'shighsalesareachievedwithoutanyadvertising(nonewspapers,radio,TVorbillboards),apartfromtargetingmarketingwhenopeninganewwarehouse.Newmembersareaddedduetopositiveword-of-mouthofexistingmembers.WhatisthesecrettoCostco'ssuccess?Herearesomereasons.Costconeversell"seconds"；onlytopquality.Thisisreflectedinthequality-sensitiveFreshDepartment(Meat,Produce,BakeryandDeli)thatgenerateover$400.000saleseachweek,allwithoutadvertisingorpromotions.Itisthelargestselleroffinewinesintheworld.Inaddition,thegrowingrangeofitshighquality,greatvalue,unique(ie,availableonlyinCostco)KirklandSignatureprivatelabelitems,rangingfromfoodandbeveragestodrygoodsandclothing,addstoitsstrongvalueperceptionandactsasapowerfulreasontoreturn.Certainitemshavebecomepartofitscuslomers5mindsets,evenifboughtonlyoccasionally.Twostandoutsincludeits$1.50HotDog&20ozSodaofferandits31b$4.99RotisserieChicken(ofwhichtheysell,onaverage,over2,00()eachweekperwarehouse).Suchreassuresandreinforcesthecustomer'strustinCostco'svalueandquality.Thegreaterthetrust,themoreinclinedacustomeristoreturn.Tocreateasenseofexcitement,urgency,andaneedtovisitfrequently,Costcoprovidesaflowofin-outitemscontinuallythroughouttheyear:buynow,itmaynolbeherenextweek!Findingthesenon-rcpcatc