供應(yīng)鏈管理下的庫(kù)存控制中英文翻譯

供應(yīng)鏈管理下的庫(kù)存控制一.供應(yīng)鏈環(huán)境下的庫(kù)存控制的特點(diǎn)下四個(gè)方面的新特點(diǎn)：程度;促進(jìn)產(chǎn)品快速流通，降低社會(huì)庫(kù)存量，避免庫(kù)存浪費(fèi)和資金占用。信息化庫(kù)存控制的供應(yīng)鏈管理確保了企業(yè)庫(kù)存控制的柔性和快速反應(yīng)能力,供應(yīng)鏈管理環(huán)境下，業(yè)的經(jīng)營(yíng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。二．供應(yīng)鏈管理環(huán)境下庫(kù)存控制存在的問題1“鏈”上各企業(yè)仍然缺乏供應(yīng)鏈管理的整體觀念雖然我們知道供應(yīng)鏈的整體績(jī)效取決于各個(gè)供應(yīng)鏈上的節(jié)點(diǎn)的績(jī)效，但是從客觀上說，各個(gè)部門又都是各自獨(dú)立的單元，都有各自獨(dú)立的使命和經(jīng)營(yíng)目標(biāo)。有些目標(biāo)和供應(yīng)鏈的整體目標(biāo)是不相干的，更有可能是沖突的。各自為政的行為必然導(dǎo)致供應(yīng)鏈整體效率的低下。不準(zhǔn)確的交貨狀態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)當(dāng)顧客下訂單時(shí)，他們想確定什么時(shí)候能交貨。在等待交貨的過程中，也可低效率的信息傳遞系統(tǒng)在供應(yīng)鏈中，各個(gè)供應(yīng)鏈節(jié)點(diǎn)企業(yè)之間的需求預(yù)測(cè)，庫(kù)存狀態(tài)，生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃都引起誤差和影響庫(kù)存量的精確度，短期生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃的實(shí)施也會(huì)遇到困難。缺乏合作與協(xié)調(diào)性在供應(yīng)鏈管理下的庫(kù)存控制中，組織障礙是庫(kù)存增加的一個(gè)重要因素。供應(yīng)鏈?zhǔn)且粋€(gè)整體，需要協(xié)調(diào)各方活動(dòng)，才能取得最佳的運(yùn)作效果。產(chǎn)品的過程設(shè)計(jì)沒有考慮供應(yīng)鏈上庫(kù)存的影響現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)與先進(jìn)制造技術(shù)的層出不窮，使產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)效率大幅度提高，三.供應(yīng)鏈管理環(huán)境下的庫(kù)存控制策略針對(duì)以上問題，結(jié)合國(guó)內(nèi)外企業(yè)實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)及理論研究成果，主要推出以下策略：2供應(yīng)商管理庫(kù)存策略VMI（VendorManaged上各節(jié)點(diǎn)企業(yè)的庫(kù)存控制職能，從而達(dá)到降低整體庫(kù)存費(fèi)用的目的。VMIVMI聯(lián)合庫(kù)存管理策略VMI了一種新的庫(kù)存管理策略，即聯(lián)合庫(kù)存管理模式JMI（JointManagedInventor。JMIJMI聯(lián)合庫(kù)存管理是解決供應(yīng)鏈系統(tǒng)中由于各節(jié)點(diǎn)企業(yè)的相互獨(dú)立庫(kù)存運(yùn)作模需連接的紐帶和協(xié)調(diào)中心。式供應(yīng)鏈庫(kù)存管理策略協(xié)同式供應(yīng)鏈庫(kù)存管理策略（ CollaborativePlanningForecasting&Replenishment，簡(jiǎn)稱CPFR，它是建立在VMI和JMI的最佳分級(jí)實(shí)踐基礎(chǔ)上，同時(shí)拋棄了二者缺乏供應(yīng)鏈集成等主要缺點(diǎn)能同時(shí)降低分銷商的存貨量增加供應(yīng)商的銷售量它應(yīng)用一系列處理過程和技術(shù)模型覆蓋整個(gè)供應(yīng)鏈合作過程通過共同管理業(yè)務(wù)過程和共享信息來改善分銷商和供應(yīng)商的伙伴關(guān)系提高預(yù)測(cè)的準(zhǔn)確度，最終達(dá)到提高供應(yīng)鏈效率，降低庫(kù)存和提高客戶滿意度的目的。多級(jí)庫(kù)存優(yōu)化與控制策略基于協(xié)調(diào)中心的聯(lián)合庫(kù)存管理是一種式供應(yīng)鏈庫(kù)存管理策略，是對(duì)供應(yīng)鏈的3（分布式（集中式策略。非中心化的庫(kù)存控制策略。非中心化庫(kù)存控制是把供應(yīng)鏈的庫(kù)存控制分為三中心化庫(kù)存控制。中心化控制是將控制中心放在核心企業(yè)上，由核心企業(yè)對(duì)就成了供應(yīng)鏈上的數(shù)據(jù)中心（數(shù)據(jù)倉(cāng)庫(kù)，擔(dān)負(fù)著數(shù)據(jù)的集成、協(xié)調(diào)功能。中心次比較多，即供應(yīng)鏈的長(zhǎng)度增加時(shí)，更增加了協(xié)調(diào)控制的難度。成性，從而使各個(gè)企業(yè)在供應(yīng)鏈中達(dá)到共贏目標(biāo)。4ThesupplychainmanagementcanbeexposedintheprocessofenterpriseSupplyThesupplychainmanagementcanbeexposedintheprocessofenterpriseSupplychainmanagementofinventorycontrolSupplychainisaroundthecoreenterprise,throughtotheinformationflow,logistics, cash flow control, purchasing raw materials from the beginning,intermediateproductsandthefinalproductismade,andfinallybythesalesnetworkproductstothehandsofconsumerswillsuppliers,manufacturers,distributorsandSupplychainisaroundthecoreenterprise,throughtotheinformationflow,logistics, cash flow control, purchasing raw materials from the beginning,intermediateproductsandthefinalproductismade,andfinallybythesalesnetworkproductstothehandsofconsumerswillsuppliers,manufacturers,distributorsandretailers,untiltheenduserofawholerepeatedlyfunctionnetschainstructuremodel.Itisabroaderenterprisestructuremode,itcontainsalljoinnodeenterprise.Thischainofnodesontheenterprisemustsynchronization,coordinatedoperation,couldkeepthechainofallenterprisescanbenefit.Thisisthekeyofthesupplychainmanagementtheory.Inventorycontroleffectthesuccessorfailureofthesupplychainmanagementisoneoftheimportantfactors.Itrelatesdirectlytothediscretionofthesupplychaincostandservicequality.Inundertheenvironmentofsupplychainmanagement,inventorycontrolisnolongerjustasingleenterprisehowtoreduceinventorylevelproblem,needmoreenterprisehaveglobalconcept,andtopromotethesupplychainperformancetoachieveoptimal.Onlyknowundertheenvironmentofsupplychainmanagementinventorycontrolcharacteristicsandproblemsofcanpertinentlyputforwardthesolutiontotheproblemofstrategiesandmethods.一．supplychainundertheenvironmentofthecharacteristicsoftheinventoryUndertheenvironmentofsupplychaininventorycontrolisnotasimpledemandforecastingandsupplies,butthroughtheinventorycontrolforcustomerserviceandprofitoptimization.Undertheenvironmentofsupplychaininventorycontrolmodeisthehighestrealmofthesupplychainseamlessconnection,eliminatesupplychainbetweenenterprise'shighinventoryphenomenon.Supplychainmanagementmodegivesinventorycontrolthefollowingfournewfeatures:1.inventorycontrolpotentialproblemsandcrises,strengthentheinventorycontroldegree2.Supplychainmanagementcaneffectivelyreducethesocialinventorylevels,reduceinventorycontrolcosts,Theformationofthesupplychain,therequirementsinventorycontrolpotentialproblemsandcrises,strengthentheinventorycontroldegree2.Supplychainmanagementcaneffectivelyreducethesocialinventorylevels,reduceinventorycontrolcosts,Theformationofthesupplychain,therequirementsofvariousaspectsofthesupplychaintomakeoptimization,establishgoodcooperationrelationshipthatpromoterapidproductcirculation,reducesocialinventories,avoidinventorywasteandcapitaltotakeup.3.Supplychainmanagementbenefittotheenterprisefromthe"physicalinventory5control"to"inventorycontrol"change,realizethegoalofinformatizationinventorycontrol"to"inventorycontrol"change,realizethegoalofinformatizationinventorycontrol4.Supplychainmanagementensuresthattheenterpriseinventorycontrolofflexibleandrapidresponsecapability,undertheenvironmentofsupplychainmanagement,enterpriseinventoryareoptimized,thewholesupplychaintheextra,dazedinventoryhavehitbottom,withthechangeofmarketdemand,theenterprisecanmakeaquickcontrol4.Supplychainmanagementensuresthattheenterpriseinventorycontrolofflexibleandrapidresponsecapability,undertheenvironmentofsupplychainmanagement,enterpriseinventoryareoptimized,thewholesupplychaintheextra,dazedinventoryhavehitbottom,withthechangeofmarketdemand,theenterprisecanmakeaquickreaction,adjustmentofproductortochangestrategy,effectivelyevadetheoperatingriskofanenterprise.二．undertheenvironmentofsupplychainmanagementinventorycontrolproblems；Althoughfromthemacrotheory,underthe environmentofsupply chainmanagementinventorycontrolcomparedtothetraditionalmanagementofinventorycontrolhavemanyadvantages,butthewholesupplychainafterallisbymanysingleenterpriseform,inpractice,sinceeachenterpriseonsupplychainmanagementunderstandingdifferent,toownenterpriseprofitlevelconcernsexist,andevensomeenterprisegoalofindependenceandsupplychaintheoveralltargetofabhorrentwaitforavarietyofcauses,inactualuseundertheenvironmentofsupplychainmanagementinventorycontroltheoryandmethod,unavoidablealsocanrevealmanypracticalproblems.Atpresentinpractice,thereareseveralmainaspectsoftheproblem:1.二．undertheenvironmentofsupplychainmanagementinventorycontrolproblems；Althoughfromthemacrotheory,underthe environmentofsupply chainmanagementinventorycontrolcomparedtothetraditionalmanagementofinventorycontrolhavemanyadvantages,butthewholesupplychainafterallisbymanysingleenterpriseform,inpractice,sinceeachenterpriseonsupplychainmanagementunderstandingdifferent,toownenterpriseprofitlevelconcernsexist,andevensomeenterprisegoalofindependenceandsupplychaintheoveralltargetofabhorrentwaitforavarietyofcauses,inactualuseundertheenvironmentofsupplychainmanagementinventorycontroltheoryandmethod,unavoidablealsocanrevealmanypracticalproblems.Atpresentinpractice,thereareseveralmainaspectsoftheproblem:1."chain"oneachenterprisestilllack ofsupplychainmanagementofoverallconceptthoughweknowofthewholesupplychainperformanceonallnodesontheperformance of the supply chain, but objectively, each department and areindependentunits,allhavetheirownindependentmissionandbusinessobjectives.Somegoalsandsupplychainoftheoverallaimisirrelevant,themorelikelyistheconflict.Thebehaviorofitsownfreewillinevitablyleadstolowefficiencyofthewholesupplychain.2.Notaccuratedeliverystatedatawhenthecustomer orders,theywanttomakesurewhencanyoudeliver.Waitingforthedeliveryprocess,alsomayordertodeliverystatusischanged,especiallywhendeliveryis delayedafter.Manyfirmshavenottimelyandaccuratedeliveryoforderofthedelaymodifydataprovidedtotheuser,theresultistheuserof6discontentandthelossofgoodwishes.Statedatadeliveryintime,notaccuratenotisdiscontentandthelossofgoodwishes.Statedatadeliveryintime,notaccuratenotisthemainreasonoftheinformationsystem.Thiskindofdatatransmissionisthemainreasonoftheinformationsystem.Thiskindofdatatransmissionisnotseasonable,inaccurate,willleadtothedeclineofcustomersatisfaction,alsocancausesomelinkinthesupplychainoftheenterprisetoreducethissituationbecausetoomanycomplaints,andhadtoincreaseinventories.3.Thelowefficiencyofinformationsysteminthesupplychain,eachnodeofthesupplychainbetweenenterprisesdemandforecast,stocksituation,productionplanisthesupplychainmanagementalltheimportantdata,thesedatadistributionindifferentbetweentheorganizationofsupplychain,todoefficientlyandrapidlyrespondtouserdemand,atpresentalotofenterpriseinformationsystemhavenotwellintegrated,whensupplier needtounderstandtheneedsoftheusersinformation,oftengettheinformationandnodelayaccurateinformation.Delayduetocauseerrorsandinfluencetheaccuracyofthestock,short-termproductiontheimplementationoftheplanwillalsofacedifficulties.4.Lackofcooperationandcoordinationinthesupplychainmanagementofinventorycontrol,theorganizationobstacleistheincreaseoftheinventoryisanimportantfactor.Supplychainisawhole,needtocoordinateallactivities,toachievethebesteffectofoperation.5.Theprocessofproductdesignwithoutconsideringtheinfluenceofthesupplychaininventorymodernproductdesignandadvancedmanufacturingtechnologyemergeinendlessly,maketheproductproductionefficiencygreatlyimproved,andwithhighcostbenefit,butthecomplexityofthesupplychaininventoryisoftenignored.Resultsallsavingcostisthedistributionandsupplychaintooffsetthecostofinventory.Similarly,inintroducingnewproducts,ifnottosupplychainplanning,alsocanproducesuchastransportationtimeistoolong,inventorycostishighandcannotsucceedreasons.三．undertheenvironmentofsupplychainmanagementinventorycontrolstrategy；三．undertheenvironmentofsupplychainmanagementinventorycontrolstrategy；accordingtotheproblems,combiningdomesticandforeignenterprisepracticeexperienceandtheoryresearch,mainlylaunchthefollowingstrategy:1.suppliermanagementInventorystrategythatisVMI(VendorManagedInventory)Inventorymanagementmode.Vendor7managementinventorystrategyistopointtoawaybetweensuppliersandusersofmanagementinventorystrategyistopointtoawaybetweensuppliersandusersofcooperativestrategy,thebasicideais tothroughtheintegratedsupply chainonthenodalenterprisesoftheinventorycontrolfunctions,soastoachievethepurposeofloweroverallinventorycosts.VMIisthemainideasofthesupplierintheuser'spermissionsetupundertheinventory,confirmtheinventorylevel,supplystrategyandhavestockcontrol.Inthisinventorycontrolstrategy,allowtheorganizationtoupstreamofthedownstreamtissuesinventorystrategy,orderingstrategyplanningandmanagement.VMIhasbeenwidelyusedinundertheenvironmentofsupplychainmanagementintheinventorycontrol.2.Jointinventorymanagementstrategyinpractice,VMImanagementmodetosupplierstobringalotofpressure.VMIinagainonthefoundationdevelopedanewInventorymanagementstrategy,istheInventorymanagementmodeJMI(JointManagedInventory).JMI is a kind of upstream and downstream enterprise right enterpriseresponsibilitybalanceandsharetheriskofinventorymanagementmode.JMIembodiesthestrategicsupplieralliance'snewenterprisecooperationrelations,theemphasisonthesupplychainenterprisemutuallybeneficialcooperationbetweenbothsides.Jointinventorymanagementistosolvethesupplychaincooperativestrategy,thebasicideais tothroughtheintegratedsupply chainonthenodalenterprisesoftheinventorycontrolfunctions,soastoachievethepurposeofloweroverallinventorycosts.VMIisthemainideasofthesupplierintheuser'spermissionsetupundertheinventory,confirmtheinventorylevel,supplystrategyandhavestockcontrol.Inthisinventorycontrolstrategy,allowtheorganizationtoupstreamofthedownstreamtissuesinventorystrategy,orderingstrategyplanningandmanagement.VMIhasbeenwidelyusedinundertheenvironmentofsupplychainmanagementintheinventorycontrol.2.Jointinventorymanagementstrategyinpractice,VMImanagementmodetosupplierstobringalotofpressure.VMIinagainonthefoundationdevelopedanewInventorymanagementstrategy,istheInventorymanagementmodeJMI(JointManagedInventory).JMI is a kind of upstream and downstream enterprise right enterpriseresponsibilitybalanceandsharetheriskofinventorymanagementmode.JMIembodiesthestrategicsupplieralliance'snewenterprisecooperationrelations,theemphasisonthesupplychainenterprisemutuallybeneficialcooperationbetweenbothsides.Jointinventorymanagementistosolvethesupplychainsystembecauseeachnodeintheenterpriseindependentinventoryoperationmodeindemandamplificationphenomenon,improvethesupplychainofthesynchronizationdegreeofakindofeffectivemethod.Jointinventorymanagementemphasisoneachnodeinthesupplychainandparticipatein,makejointstockplan,makeeachofthesupplychainprocessinventorymanagershavecomefrommutualcoordinationconsideration,keepsupplychainbetweeneachnodeoftheinventorymanagersofdemandexpectationsremainconsistent,thuseliminatingthedemandvariationamplificationphenomenon.Anyadjacentnodedeterminethedemandisboththesupplyandthedemandcoordinationofresult,inventorymanagementis nolongerthefragmentedindependent operationprocess,butthesupplyanddemandoftheconnectionlinkandthecoordinationcenter.3.XieTongShisupplychaininventorymanagementstrategyXieTongShi supply chain inventory management strategy (CollaborativePlanningForecastingandReplenishment),hereinafterreferredtoastheCPFR,itisbasedonthebestclassificationJMIandVMIbasedonpractice,andabandonthelack8ofsupplychainintegrationbetweenmainfaults,canalsoreducetheamountofstockofsupplychainintegrationbetweenmainfaults,canalsoreducetheamountofstockofdistributors,increasesalesofsuppliers.Itusedaseriesoftreatment processandtechnologymodel,coveringthewholesupplychaincooperationprocess,throughthejointmanagementbusinessprocessandshareinformationtoimprovethedistributorsandsuppliersofpartnership,increasethepredictionaccuracy,eventuallytoimprovethesupplychainefficiency,reduceinventoryandthepurposeofimprovingcustomersatisfaction.4.MultilevelinventoryoptimizationandcontrolstrategybasedoncoordinationcenterofinventorymanagementisajointLianBangShisupplychaininventorymanagementstrategy,istosupplychainoflocaloptimizationcontrol,butmustcarryonthesupplychainglobaloptimizationandcontrol,itmustofdistributors,increasesalesofsuppliers.Itusedaseriesoftreatment processandtechnologymodel,coveringthewholesupplychaincooperationprocess,throughthejointmanagementbusinessprocessandshareinformationtoimprovethedistributorsandsuppliersofpartnership,increasethepredictionaccuracy,eventuallytoimprovethesupplychainefficiency,reduceinventoryandthepurposeofimprovingcustomersatisfaction.4.MultilevelinventoryoptimizationandcontrolstrategybasedoncoordinationcenterofinventorymanagementisajointLianBangShisupplychaininventorymanagementstrategy,istosupplychainoflocaloptimizationcontrol,butmustcarryonthesupplychainglobaloptimizationandcontrol,itmustusemultilevelinventoryoptimizationandcontrolstrategy.Multi-stageinventoryoptimizationandcontrolisinthesinglestageformedonthebasisoftheinventorycontrol.Multi-stageinventorycontrolmethodhastwokinds:onekindissuppressive(distributed)strategy,andtheotheristhesuppressive(centralized)strategy.（（1）thesuppressiveinventorycontrolstrategy.Thesuppressiveinventorycontrolisthesupplychaininventorycontrolcanbedividedintothreecostdowncenter,namelythemanufacturingcostcenter,distributioncostcenter,retailers,andcostcenter,eachcenteraccordingtotheirowninventorycostoptimizationcontrolstrategyismade.Thesuppressiveinventorycontroltogetthewholesupplychainoptimizationeffect,needtoincreasesupplychaininformationsharingdegreethatthesupplychainineverysectoroftheuniformmarketwillshareinformation.Themulti-levelinventorycontrol strategy suppressive can make the enterprise according to the actualconditionsoftheindependentdecisionmakingfast,toplayenterprisetheirowninitiativeandflexiblemobility.Themulti-levelinventoryofsuppressiveoptimizationstrategymanagementissimple,thesupplychaininventorycontrolcanbedividedintothreecostdowncenter,namelythemanufacturingcostcenter,distributioncostcenter,retailers,andcostcenter,eachcenteraccordingtotheirowninventorycostoptimizationcontrolstrategyismade.Thesuppressiveinventorycontroltogetthewholesupplychainoptimizationeffect,needtoincreasesupplychaininformationsharingdegreethatthesupplychainineverysectoroftheuniformmarketwillshareinformation.Themulti-levelinventorycontrol strategy suppressive can make the enterprise according to the actualconditionsoftheindependentdecisionmakingfast,toplayenterprisetheirowninitiativeandflexiblemobility.Themulti-levelinventoryofsuppressiveoptimizationstrategymanagementissimple,butdoesnotguaranteetheproduceofthewholesupplychainoptimization.Itrequiresthecoordinationbetweenenterprisesisbetter,ifpoorcoordination,lowdegreeofinformationsharing,mayleadtoafragmentedsituation.(2)suppressiveinventorycontrol.Suppressivecontrolisinthecoreenterprisewillcontrol center,by the core enterprise supply chain system inventory control,coordinatewiththedownstreamenterprisesinventoryoftheactivities.Sothecoreenterprisebecomeasupplychaindatacenter(dataware