2021年高考英語真題試卷(江蘇卷)帶答案解析

2021年高考英語真題試卷（江蘇卷）一、單項填空。請閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。1.Itisoftenthecase anythingispossibleforthosewhohangontohope.A.why B.what C.as D.that.Moreefforts,asreported, intheyearsaheadtoacceleratethesupply-sidestructuralreform.A.aremadeB.willbemadeC.arebeingmadeD.havebeenmade.Manyyoungpeople,most werewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.A.ofwhich B.ofthem C.ofwhom D.ofthose.—Canyoutellusyour forhappinessandalonglife?—Livingeverydaytothefull,definitely.A.recipe B.record C.range D.receipt.Hedidnoteasily ,butwaswillingtoacceptanyconstructiveadviceforaworthycause.A.approach B.wrestle C.compromise D.communicate. somepeoplearemotivatedbyaneedforsuccess,othersaremotivatedbyafearoffailure.A.Because B.If C.Unless D.Whilefit forhisinvitationtheotherday,Ishouldnotbeherenow.A.hadnotbeenB.shouldnotbeC.werenottobeD.shouldnothavebeennartcriticism,youmustassumetheartisthasasecretmessage withinthework.A.tohide B.hidden C.hiding D.beinghidden.Dashan,who crosstalk,theChinesecomedictradition,fordecades,wantstomixitupwiththeWesternstand-uptradition.A.willbelearningB.islearningC.hadbeenlearningD.hasbeenlearning.Manybusinessesstartedupbycollegestudentshave thankstothecomfortableclimateforbusinesscreation.A.fallenofftakenoffturnedoffA.fallenofftakenoffturnedoffleftoff.Hiscomprehensivesurveyshaveprovidedthemost statementsofhow,andonwhatbasis,dataarecollected.A.explicit B.ambiguous C.original D.arbitrary.—Onlythosewhohavealotincommoncangetalongwell.— .Oppositessometimesdoattract.A.Ihopenot B.thinkso C.Iappreciatethat D.Ibegtodiffer13.Parentsshouldactivelyurgetheirchildrento theopportunitytojoinsportsteams.A.gainadmissiontoB.keeptrackofC.takeadvantageofD.giveriseto14.Notuntilrecently thedevelopmentoftourist-relatedactivitiesintheruralareas.A.theyhadencouraged B.hadtheyencouragedC.didtheyencourage D.theyencouraged15.—Jackstillcan'thelpbeinganxiousabouthisjobinterview.—Lackofself-confidenceishis ,Iamafraid.A.Achilles'heel B.child'splay C.greenfingers D.laststraw二、完形填空。.請閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Yearsago,acriticaleventoccurredinmylifethatwouldchangeitforever.ImetKurtKampmeirofSuccessMotivationIncorporationforbreakfast.Whilewewere1,Kurtaskedme,"John,whatisyour2forpersonalgrowth?"Neveratalossforwords,Itriedtofindthingsinmylifethatmight 3 forgrowth.ItoldhimaboutthemanyactivitiesinwhichIwas 4 .AndIwentintoa 5 abouthowhardIworkedandthegainsIwasmaking.Imusthavetalkedfortenminutes.Kurt 6 patiently,butthenhe7smiledandsaid,“Youdon'thaveapersonalplanforgrowth,doyou?”“No,I8.“Youknow,”Kurtsaidsimply,“growthisnota(n)9process.”Andthat'swhenit10me.Iwasn'tdoinganything11tomakemyselfbetter.Andatthatmoment,Imadethe12:Iwilldevelopandfollowapersonalgrowthplanformy13.Thatnight,Italkedtomywifeaboutmy14withKurtandwhatIhadlearned.I15hertheworkbookandtapesKurtwasselling.We16thatKurtwasn'tjusttryingtomakeasale.Hewasofferinga17forustochangeourlivesandachieveourdreams.

Severalimportantthingshappenedthatday.First,wedecidedto18theresources.Butmoreimportantly,wemadeacommitmentto 19 togetherasacouple.Fromthatdayon,welearnedtogether,traveledtogether,andsacrificedtogether.Itwasa 20 decision.Whiletoomanycouplesgrowapart,weweregrowingtogether.1.A.workingB.preparingC.thinkingD.eating2.A.suggestionB.demandC.planD.request3.A.appealB.lookC.callD.qualify4.A.involvedB.trappedC.lostD.bathed5.A.lectureB.speechC.discussionD.debate6.A.calculatedB.listenedC.drankD.explained7.A.eagerlyB.graduallyC.gratefullyD.finally8.A.admittedB.interruptedC.apologizedD.complained9.A.automaticB.slowC.independentD.changing10.A.confusedB.informedC.pleasedD.hit11.A.onloanB.onpurposeC.onsaleD.onbalance12.A.commentB.announcementC.decisionD.arrangement13.A.lifeB.progressC.performanceD.investment14.A.contractB.conversationC.negotiationD.argument15.A.lentB.soldC.showedD.offered16.A.recalledB.definedC.recognizedD.declared17.A.toolB.methodC.wayD.rule18.A.provideB.buyC.giveD.deliver19.A.growB.surviveC.moveD.gather20.A.difficultB.randomC.firmD.wise三、閱讀理解。.請閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。E-Learning:AnAlternativeLearningOpportunityDayschoolProgramSecondarystudentsacrossTorontoDistrictSchoolBoard(TDSB)areinvitedtotakeoneortwoe-Learningcoursesontheirdayschooltimetable.Studentswillremainontherollattheirdayschool.Theon-lineclassroomprovidesaninnovativerelevantandinteractiveLearningenvironment.Thecoursesandon-lineclassroomareprovidedbytheMinistryofEducationTheseon-linecoursesaretaughtbyTDSBsecondaryschoolteachersarepartoftheTDSBStudent'stimetable;andappearontheStudent’sreportuponcompletionBenefitsofe-LearningInclude:AccesstocoursesthatmaynotbeavailableathisorherTDSBschoolUsingtechnologytoprovidestudentswithcurrentinformation:and.assistancetosolvetimetableconflictsIse-LearningforYou?Studentswhoaresuccessfulinon-linecourseareusually;abletoplan,organizetimeandcompleteassignmentsandactivities;capableofworkingindependentlyinaresponsibleandhonestmanner;and,abletoregularlyuseacomputerormobiledevicewithinternetaccessStudentsneedtospendatleastasmuchtimewiththeiron-linecourseworkastheywouldinaface-to-faceclassroomcourse.(1)E-LearningcoursesaredifferentfromotherTDSBcoursesinthat.A.theyaregivenbybestTDSBteachers.B.theyarenotonthedayschooltimetable.C.theyarenotincludedonstudents’reports.D.theyareanadditiontoTDSBcourses.(2)Whatdostudentsneedtodobeforecompletinge-learningcourses?A.Tolearninformationtechnologyon-line.B.Todotheirassignmentsindependently.C.Toupdatetheirmobiledevicesregularly.D.Totalkfacetofacewiththeirteachers.18.請閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Chimps(黑猩猩)willcooperateincertainways,likegatheringinwarpartiestoprotecttheirterritory.Butbeyondtheminimumrequirementsassocialbeings,theyhavelittleinstinct(本能)tohelponeanother.Chimpsinthewildseekfoodforthemselves.Evenchimpmothersregularlydeclinetosharefoodwiththeirchildren,whoareablefromayoungagetogathertheirownfood.Inthelaboratory,chimpsdon'tnaturallysharefoodeither.Ifachimpisputinacagewherehecanpullinoneplateoffoodforhimselfor,withnogreateffort,aplatethatalsoprovidesfoodforaneighbortothenextcage,hewillpullatrandom---hejustdoesn'tcarewhetherhisneighborgetsfedornot.Chimpsaretrulyselfish.Humanchildren,ontheotherhandarenaturallycorporative.Fromtheearliestages,theydecidetohelpothers,toshareinformationandtoparticipateinachievingcommongoals.ThepsychologistMichaelTomasellohasstudiedthiscooperativenessinaseriesofexperimentwithveryyoungchildren.Hefindsthatifbabiesaged18monthsseeanunrelatedadultwithhandsfulltryingtoopenadoor,almostallwillimmediatelytrytohelp.Thereareseveralreasonstobelievethattheurgestohelp,informandsharearenottaught,butnaturallypossessedinyoungchildren.Oneisthattheseinstinctsappearataveryyoungagebeforemostparentshavestartedtotraintheirchildrentobehavesocially.Anotheristhatthehelpingbehaviorsarenotimprovedifthechildrenarerewarded.Athirdreasonisthatsocialintelligencedevelopsinchildrenbeforetheirgeneralcognitive(認知的)skills,atleastwhencomparedwithchimps.IntestsconductedbyTomasello,thehumanchildrendidnobetterthanthechimpsonthephysicalworldtestsbutwereconsiderablybetteratunderstandingthesocialworld.Thecoreofwhatchildren'smindshaveandchimps’don'tiswhatTomasellocallssharedintentionality.Partofthisabilityisthattheycaninferwhatothersknoworarethinking.Butbeyondthat,evenveryyoungchildrenwanttobepartofasharedpurpose.Theyactivelyseektobepartofa“we”,agroupthatintendstoworktowardasharedgoal.(1)Whatcanwelearnfromtheexperimentwithchimps?A.Chimpsseldomcareaboutothers’interests.B.Chimpstendtoprovidefoodfortheirchildren.C.Chimpsliketotakeintheirneighbors’food.D.Chimpsnaturallysharefoodwitheachother.(2)MichaelTomasello’stestsonyoungchildrenindicatethatthey .A.havetheinstincttohelpothersB.knowhowtoofferhelptoadultsC.knowtheworldbetterthanchimpsD.trustadultswiththeirhandsfull(3)Thepassageismainlyabout .A.thehelpingbehaviorsofyoungchildrenB.waystotrainchildren'ssharedintentionalityC.cooperationasadistinctivehumannatureD.thedevelopmentofintelligenceinchildren.請閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ElNifio,aSpanishtermfor“theChristchild",wasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermenwhonoticedthattheglobalweatherpattern,whichhappenseverytwotosevenyears,reducedtheamountoffishescaughtaroundChristmas.ElNifioseeswarmwater,collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific,flowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaken,orsometimestheotherwayround.Theweathereffects,bothgoodandbad,arefeltinmanyplaces.RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNifio,onbalance,thantheylose.AstudyfoundthatastrongNifioin1997helpedAmerican'seconomygrowby$15billion,partlybecauseofbetteragriculturalharvest,farmersintheMidwestgainedfromextrarain.Thetotalriseinagriculturalincomesinrichcountriesisgreaterthanthefallinpoorones.ButinIndonesiaextremelydryforestsareinflames.Amulti-yeardrought（干旱）insouth-eastBrazilisbecomingworse.ThoughheavyrainsbroughtaboutbyElNinomayrelievethedroughtinCalifornia,theyarelikelytocausesurfacefloodingandotherdisasters.ThemostrecentpowerfulNino,in1997-98,killedaround21,000peopleandcauseddamageworth$36billionaroundtheglobe.ButsuchNinoscomewithmonthsofwarning,andsomuchisknownabouthowtheyhappenthatgovernmentscanprepare.AccordingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute（ODI）,however,just12%ofdisaster-relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance,ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards.Thisisdespiteevidencethatadollarspentonrisk-reductionsavesatleasttwoonreconstruction.Simpleimprovementstoinfrastructure（基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）canreducethespreadofdisease.Bettersewers（下水道）makeitlesslikelythatheavyrainisfollowedbyanoutbreakofthediseaseofbadstomach.Strongerbridgesmeanvillagesarelesslikelytobeleftwithoutfoodandmedicineafterfloods.Accordingtoapaperin2011byMr.Hsiangandco-authors,civilconflictisrelatedtoElNino'sharmfuleffects—andthepoorerthecountry,thestrongerthelink.Thoughtherelationshipmaynotbecausal,helpingdividedcommunitiestopreparefordisasterswouldatleastreducetheriskthatthosedisastersarefollowedbykillingandwoundingpeople.SincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNino,reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.（1）WhatcanwelearnaboutElNinoinParagraph1?A.ItisnamedafteraSouthAmericanfisherman.B.Ittakesplacealmosteveryyearallovertheworld.C.ItforcesfishermentostopcatchingfisharoundChristmas.D.Itseesthechangesofwaterflowdirectionintheocean.（2）WhatmayElNinosbringabouttothecountriesaffected?A.Agriculturalharvestsinrichcountriesfall.B.Droughtsbecomemoreharmfulthanfloods.C.Richcountries’gainsaregreaterthantheirlosses.D.Poorcountriessufferlessfromdroughtseconomically.（3）ThedataprovidedbyODIinParagraph4suggestthat .A.moreinvestmentshouldgotoriskreductionB.governmentsofpoorcountriesneedmoreaidC.victimsofElNinodeservemorecompensationD.recoveryandreconstructionshouldcomefirst（4）Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.TointroduceElNinoanditsorigin.B.ToexplaintheconsequencesofElNino.C.ToshowwaysoffightingagainstElNino.D.TourgepeopletoprepareforElNino..請閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Notsolongago,mostpeopledidn'tknowwhoShellyAnnFrancisPrycewasgoingtobecome.Shewasjustanaveragehighschoolathlete.TherewaseveryindicationthatshewasjustanotherAmericanteenagerwithoutmuchofafuture.However,onepersonwantstochangethis.StephenFrancisobservedtheneighteen-year-oldShellyAnnasatrackmeetandwasconvincedthathehadseenthebeginningsoftruegreatness.Hertimewerenotexactlyimpressive,butevenso,hesensedtherewassomethingtryingtogetout,somethingtheothercoacheshadoverlookedwhentheyhadassessedherandfoundherlacking.HedecidedtoofferShellyAnnaplaceinhisverystricttrainingsessions.Theircooperationquicklyproducedresults,andafewyearslateratJamaica'sOlympictrailsinearly2008,Shelly-Ann,whoatthattimeonlyrankednumber70intheworld,beatJamaica'sunchallengedqueenofthesprint（短跑）.“Wheredidshecomefrom?”askedanastonishedsprintingworld,beforeconcludingthatshemustbeoneofthoseone-hitwondersthatspringupfromtimetotime,onlytodisappearagainwithoutsigns.ButShelly-Annwastoprovethatshewasanythingbutaone-hitwonder.AttheBeijingOlympicsshesweptawayanydoubtsaboutherabilitytoperformconsistentlybybecomingthefirstJamaicanwomanevertowinthe100metersOlympicgold.ShediditagainoneyearonattheWorldChampionshipinBerlin,becomingworldchampionwithatimeof10.73---thefourthfastesttimeever.Shelly-Annisalittlewomanwithabigsmile.Shehasamentaltoughnessthatdidnotcomeaboutbychance.Herjourneytobecomingthefastestwomanonearthhasbeenanythingbutsmoothandeffortless.ShegrewupinoneofJamaica’stoughestinner-citycommunitiesknownasWaterhouse,whereshelivedinaone-roomapartment,sleepingfourinabedwithhermotherandtwobrothers.Waterhouse,oneofthepoorestcommunitiesinJamaica,isareallyviolentandoverpopulatedplace.SeveralofShelly-Ann'sfriendsandfamilywerecaughtupinthekillings;oneofhercousinswasshotdeadonlyafewstreetsawayfromwhereshelived.Sometimesherfamilydidn'thaveenoughtoeat.Sheranattheschoolchampionshipsbarefootedbecauseshecouldn'taffordshoes.HermotherMaxime,oneofafamilyoffourteen,hadbeenanathleteherselfasayounggirlbut,likesomanyothergirlsinWaterhouse,hadtostopaftershehadherfirstbaby.Maxime'searlyentryintotheadultworldwithitsresponsibilitiesgaveherthedeterminationtoensurethatherkidswouldnotendupinWaterhouse'sroundaboutofpoverty.OneofthefirstthingsMaximeusedtodowithShelly-Annwastakinghertothetrack,andshewasreadytosacrificeeverything.Itdidn'ttakelongforShelly-AnntorealizethatsportscouldbeherwayoutofWaterhouse.OnasummereveninginBeijingin2008,allthoselong,hardhoursofworkandcommitmentfinallyborefruit.Thebarefootkidwhojustafewyearspreviouslyhadbeenlivinginpoverty,surroundedbycriminalsandviolence,hadwrittenanewchapterinthehistoryofsports.ButShelly-Ann'svictorywasfargreaterthanthat.ThenightshewonOlympicgoldinBeijing,theroutinemurdersinWaterhouseandthedrugwarsintheneighbouringstreetsstopped.Thedarkcloudaboveoneoftheworld'stoughestcriminalneighbourhoodssimplydisappearedforafewdays.，havesomuchfireburningformycountry,”Shellysaid.SheplanstostartafoundationforhomelesschildrenandwantstobuildacommunitycentreinWaterhouse.ShehopestoinspiretheJamaicanstolaydowntheirweapons.Sheintendstofighttomakeitawoman'saswellasaman'sworld.AsMuhammadAliputsit,“Championsaren'tmadeingyms.Championsaremadefromsomethingtheyhavedeepinsidethem.Adesire,adream,avision.”O(jiān)neofthethingsShelly-Anncanbeproudofisherunderstandingofthistruth.（1）WhydidStephenFrancisdecidetocoachShelly-Ann?A.Hehadastrongdesiretofreeherfamilyfromtrouble.B.Hesensedagreatpotentialinherdespiteherweaknesses.C.Shehadbigproblemsmaintainingherperformance.D.Shesufferedalotofdefeatsattheprevioustrackmeets.（2）WhatdidthesprintingworldthinkofShelly-Annbeforethe2008OlympicGames?A.Shewouldbecomeapromisingstar.B.Shebadlyneededtosethighergoals.C.Hersprintingcareerwouldnotlastlong.D.Hertalentforsprintingwasknowntoall.（3）WhatmadeMaximedecidetotrainherdaughteronthetrack?A.Hersuccessandlessonsinhercareer.B.HerinterestinShelly-Ann’squickprofit.C.HerwishtogetShelly-Annoutofpoverty.D.Herearlyentranceintothesprintingworld.（4）WhatcanweinferfromShelly-Ann'sstatementunderlinedinParagraph5?A.Shewashighlyrewardedforherefforts.B.Shewaseagertodomoreforhercountry.C.Shebecameanathleticstarinhercountry.D.Shewastheenvyofthewholecommunity.（5）BymentioningMuhammadAli'swords,theauthorintendstotellusthat.A.playersshouldbehighlyinspiredbycoachesB.greatathletesneedtoconcentrateonpatienceC.hardworkisnecessaryinone'sachievementsD.motivationallowsgreatathletestobeonthetop（6）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheMakingofaGreatAthleteB.TheDreamforChampionshipC.TheKeytoHighPerformanceD.ThePowerofFullResponsibility四、任務(wù)型閱讀。.請閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當?shù)膯卧~。AnExtensionoftheHumanBrainOtherpeoplecanhelpuscompensateforourmentalandemotionaldeficiencies欠缺），muchasawoodenlegcancompensateforaphysicaldeficiency.Tobeexact,otherpeoplecanextendourintelligenceandhelpusunderstandandadjustouremotions.Whenanotherpersonhelpsusinsuchways,heorsheisparticipatinginwhatI'vecalleda“socialprosthetic（義肢的）system.”Suchsystemsdonotneedtooperateface-to-face,andit'scleartomethattheInternetisexpandingtherangeofmyownsocialprostheticsystems.It'salreadyabigbankofmanyminds.Eveninitscurrentstate,theInternethasextendedmymemoryandjudgment.Regardingmemory:OnceIlookupsomethingontheInternet,Idon'tneedtokeepallthedetailsforfutureuse—Iknowwheretofindthatinformationagainandcanquicklyandeasilydoso.Moregenerally,theInternetfunctionsasifitweremymemory.ThisfunctionoftheInternetisparticularlystrikingwhenI'mwriting;I'mnolongercomfortablewritingifI'mnotconnectedtotheInternet.It'sbecomenaturaltocheckfactsasIwrite,takingaminuteortwotodipintoPubMed,Wikipedia,orotherwebsites.Regardingjudgment:TheInternethasmademesmarterinmatterssmallandlarge.Forexample,whenI'mwritingatextbook,ithasbecomesecondnaturetocheckadozendefinitionsofakeyterm,whichhelpsmedigintothecoreandunderstanditsmeaning.Butmorethanthat,Inowregularlycomparemyviewswiththoseofmanyothers.IfIhavea“newidea,”Inowquicklylooktoseewhethersomebodyelsehasalreadythoughtofit,orsomethingsimilar—andIthencomparewhatIthinkwithwhatothershavethought.Thiscertainlymakesmyownviewsclearer.Moreover,IcanfindoutwhethermyreactionstoaneventarereasonableenoughbyreadingaboutthoseofothersontheInternet.TheseeffectsoftheInternethavebecomeevenmorestrikingsinceI'vebegunusingasmartphone.Inowregularlypulloutmyphonetocheckafact,watchavideo,readweibo.Suchactivitiesfillthespacesthatusedtobedeadtime（suchaswaitingforsomebodytoarriveforalunchmeeting）.Butthat'stheupside（好處）.ThedownsideisthatinthosedeadperiodsIoftenwouldletmythoughtsflowandsometimeswouldhaveanunexpectedinsightoridea.Thoseopportunitiesarenowfewerandfartherbetween.AnExtensionoftheHumanBrainAprostheticnatureThe canhelpmakeupforourmentalandemotionaldeficienciesasawoodenlegcancompensateforabodilydeficiency.It inourdailyevents,extendingourintelligence,comprehendingourfeelings,andexpandingtherangeofsocialactivities.Wonderfulaspects:memoryandjudgment?OntheInternet,wecouldquicklyandeasilylocatethedetails,andcheckfacts,without theminmind.?TheInternetmakesussmarterover kindsofthings.Itprovidesadozendefinitionsofakeytermforustofindthe ofthematter.TheInternetenablesustoexchangeideaswithmanyothersto ourclaims,andto ouractions.The sidesofsmartphones?Smartphonesmakeiteasierandmore tocheckreality,watchvideoclips,readweibo.?Smartphones thepossibilityfornewandinsightfulminds,andstealawayourdeadtime.五、書面表達。.請閱讀下面短文，并按照要求用英語寫一篇150詞左右的文章。Inrecentyears,internetvotinghasbecomeincreasinglypopularinChina.Peoplenotonlycaston-linevotesthemselves,butalsourgeotherstovoteforcompetitionslikethe“MostBeautifulTeacher”andthe“CutestBaby”.LiJiang,ahighschoolstudent,isinvitedtovoteinthe“BestPoliceOfficer"competition,organizedbythelocalgovernmenttoletthepublichaveabetterunderstandingofpoliceofficers’dailywork.LiJiangvisitsthewebsiteandreadsallthestories.Heisdeeplymovedbytheirgloriousdeeds.Heisalreadythinkingofbecomingapolicemanhimselfinthefuture.SuHuaisinvitedbyhisuncletovoteforhiscousininthe“FutureSinger"competition.Hehasalreadyreceivedthreesimilarinvitationsthisweek.Hisuncletellshimthatifhiscousinwinsthecompetition,thefamilywillwinanoverseastourforfree.SuHualikeshiscousinverymuch,buthefindsothersingersperformevenbetter.Tovote,ornottovote?Thisisaquestionthattroubleshimverymuch.【寫作內(nèi)容】①用約30個單詞寫出上文概要；②用約120個單詞闡述你對網(wǎng)絡(luò)投票的看法，并用2~3個理由或論據(jù)支撐你的看法。【寫作要求】①寫作過程中不能直接引用原文語句；②作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學校名稱；③不必寫標題?！驹u分標準】內(nèi)容完整，語言規(guī)范，語篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當。答案解析部分一、單項填空。請閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。.【答案】D【考點】主語從句【解析】【分析】考查主語從句。本句中it是形式主語，真正的主語是連接詞that做引導(dǎo)的主語從句，連接詞that在本句中不充當任何成分，只是一個引導(dǎo)詞而已，不能省略。連接副詞why要在句中作狀語，連接代詞what通常在句子中作主語、賓語或表語等；as通常不引導(dǎo)名詞從句。句意：對于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是是事實。故D正確。【點評】that引導(dǎo)主語從句：由連詞that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，在大多數(shù)情況下被放到句子的后面，用it作形式主語來代替它的位置。常見的以it作形式主語的主語從句的句型有三種。①It+be+形容詞+that從句適用于這種句型的常見形容詞有：necessary，clear，true，strange，important，wonderful，possible，likely,obvious,surprisingetc。表語為necessary，clear，true，strange,important,wonderful，possible,likely,obvious,surprising,astonishing,etc等形容詞時，謂語動詞的形式一般為“should+動詞原形”②It+be+名詞詞組+that從句常用于這種句型的名詞詞組有：afact，agoodidea，apity，anhour，ashame，nowonder，goodnewsetc.③It+be+過去分詞+that從句常有的過去分詞有：said，reported,hoped,believed,expected,decided,well-known,thought,suggested等。過去分詞表示：建議，命令，愿望如suggested，ordered，requested等詞時，從句需用虛擬語氣。動詞形式為：should+原型。.【答案】B【考點】動詞的語態(tài)，一般將來時【解析】【分析】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：正如報道的那樣，在之前幾年中做出的努力加速了供給結(jié)構(gòu)改革的速度?！癮remade”為一般現(xiàn)在時；“willbemade”為一般將來時，符合題意；“arebeingmade”為被動語態(tài)的現(xiàn)在進行時；“havebeenmade”為現(xiàn)在完成時。根據(jù)后文中的“intheyearsahead”(今后的三年中)可知，本句中，主要使用時態(tài)應(yīng)為一般將來時。故選項B符合答案。.【答案】C【考點】“介詞關(guān)系代詞(which/whom)”引導(dǎo)定語從句的用法【解析】【分析】考查定語從句。本題定語從句的先行詞是Manyyoungpeople,關(guān)系代詞whom指代先行詞，在定語從句中作為of的賓語。句意：很多年輕人都前往偏遠地區(qū)追求他們的夢想，期中大部分人都是受過良好教育。故C正確?！军c評】"ofwhom/which”引導(dǎo)的定語從句：在非限制性定語從句中，先行詞作為一個整體，表示整體中的一部分，即表示“部分與整體”的關(guān)系時，用…ofwhich/whom或者ofwhich/whom…都可以。但與表示所屬關(guān)系不同，這里不能用whose來代替ofwhich。①表示整體中的部分Thebuses,mostofwhichwerealreadyfull,weresurroundedbyanangrycrowd.公共汽車大多數(shù)都已經(jīng)擠滿了人，它們被憤怒的人群包圍著。Ipickeduptheapples,someofwhichwerebadlybruised.我揀起那些蘋果，其中有一些傷得很厲害。Iboughtadozeneggs,sixofwhichbrokewhenIdroppedthebox.我買了一打雞蛋，六個在我失手掉了盒子時摔碎了。Therearetwobottlesleft,oneofwhichisalmostfinishedandtheotherofwhichisnotquite.只剩兩瓶，一瓶快喝完了，另一瓶沒完全喝完。Thetreasuresomeofwhichhasbeenrecovered,hasbeensenttotheBritishMuseum.這些寶藏已送往大英博物館，其中有一些是失而復(fù)得的。②表示所屬關(guān)系He,swrittenabook,thenameofwhichI’veforgotten.他寫了一本書，書名我忘了。句中的thenameofwhich=whosename。Itwasanagreementthedetailsofwhichcouldnotbealtered.這是一項其細節(jié)不可更改的協(xié)定。句中的thedetailsofwhich=whosedetails。.【答案】A【考點】名詞辨析【解析】【分析】考查名詞詞義辨析。名詞recipe秘訣，食譜，藥方；record記錄；range范圍；receipt收據(jù)，收條；句意：一你能告訴我你對幸福長壽的秘密嗎？一當然是盡情享受每一天。根據(jù)句意可知A項意為“秘訣”，與上下文相符。.【答案】C【考點】動詞的詞義辨析，動詞【解析【分析】考查動詞辨析。動詞approach靠近，接近；wrestle摔跤，斗爭，努力解決；compromise妥協(xié)；和解；讓步；communicate交流；句意：他并不容易妥協(xié)，但是對于正義的事業(yè)，他愿意接受任何建設(shè)性的建議。根據(jù)句意可知C項正確。.【答案】D【考點】引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞，讓步狀語從句【解析【分析】考查連詞。連詞because因為；if如果；unless除非，如果…不…while盡管，然而，當……時；句意：盡管一些人被成功的渴望驅(qū)使著，但是其他人卻被失敗的恐懼驅(qū)使著前進。根據(jù)句意可知上下文之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以使用“while盡管……”連接。故D項正確?！军c評】連詞while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句常放在句首，譯作“盡管〃、“雖然〃，比although或though語氣要輕。例如：WhileIbelieveitistrue,Icannotproveit.雖然我相信那是真的，但我無法證明。.【答案】A【考點】虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的運用，過去完成時【解析】【分析】考查虛擬語氣。本句屬于錯綜條件句的虛擬語氣。If從句表示與過去事實相反，所以使用過去完成時，主句表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反，所以使用“情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形”。句意：如果不是因為前幾天他的邀請，我現(xiàn)在就不會在這里了。故A正確。【點評】有時條件從句和主句所表示的動作在時間上可以不一致（例如一個與過去事實相反，另一個與現(xiàn)在事實相反），這種虛擬條件句就稱為錯綜時間虛擬條件句。在這種條件句中，動詞的形式要根據(jù)具體情況進行調(diào)整。例句：Shewouldneverhavebehavedlikethatifshehadsomecommonsense.如果她有一些常識的話，她就決不會像那樣做了。IfIhadabike（now）,Iwouldhavelentittoyouyesterday.假如我有自行車，昨天早就借給你了。句型說明：錯綜時間條件句中，特別注意時間狀語，在這種情況下必須明確給以時間或通過上下文可明白看出時間不同，否則就按一般時間搭配使用。.【答案】B【考點】分詞，非謂語動詞【解析】【分析】考查分詞作定語。本句中名詞短語asecretmessage與動詞hide構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，所以使用過去分詞短語hiddenwithinthework在句中作后置定語，修飾名詞短語asecretmessage，相當于定語從句thatishiddenwithinthework。AC項表示主動含義，D項強調(diào)正在進行，與語境不符。故B正確?！军c評】過去分詞作定語，在語態(tài)上，表被動；在時間上，表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成，與它所修飾的名詞有邏輯（意義）上的動賓關(guān)系。過去分詞作定語時，所修飾的名詞在邏輯上相當于被動句中的主語，過去分詞相當于謂語。過去分詞作定語表示動作在謂語動作之前發(fā)生，已經(jīng)完成并具有被動意義。有時也不表示時間性。作定語的過去分詞一般由及物動詞變來，因為只有及物動詞才有被動意義。例如：Heisateacherlovedbyhisstudents.他是個很受學生愛戴的老師。也有用不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語的情況，一般作前置定語，它不表示被動意義，只表示主動意義，強調(diào)動作完成。不能像及物動詞的過去分詞那樣放在名詞后面作定語。例如：fallenleaves落葉retiredworkers退休工人therisensun升起的太陽.【答案】D【考點】現(xiàn)在完成進行時【解析】【分析】考查時態(tài)。本句的時間狀語是“fordecades幾十年來”，該時間狀語通常和現(xiàn)在完成的有關(guān)時態(tài)連用，本句強調(diào)這幾十年來大山一直努力把中國相聲和西方的脫口秀相結(jié)合。所以使用現(xiàn)在完成進行時，強調(diào)動作的延續(xù)性和反復(fù)性。故D正確。.【答案】B【考點】動詞短語的辨析【解析】【分析】考查動詞短語辨析。短語falloff跌落，下降；takeoff起飛，成功，受歡迎；turnoff關(guān)閉；leaveoff停止，中斷；句意：由于良好的創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境，很多大學生創(chuàng)辦的生意都很成功。根據(jù)句意可知B正確。.【答案】A【考點】形容詞的詞義辨析【解析】【分析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。形容詞explicit明晰的，清楚的；ambiguous模棱兩可的，含糊不清的；original原始的，最初的；arbitrary任意的，專制的；句意：對于如何以及在什么基礎(chǔ)上收集數(shù)據(jù)，他的綜合調(diào)查提供了最清晰的說明。故A正確。.【答案】D【考點】情景交際及習慣表達【解析】【分析】考查交際用語。Ihopenot我可不希望這樣；Ithinkso我認為如此；Iappreciatethat我很感激；Ibegtodiffer恕我不能同意；本題的關(guān)鍵詞是后句“Oppositessometimesdoattract.”意見相反的人有時會相互吸引。說明對話兩個人的意見并不一致。故D項“恕我不能同意”符合上下文。.【答案】C【考點】動詞短語的辨析【解析】【分析】考查短語辨析。動詞短語gainad