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英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)樹(shù)形圖舉例英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)樹(shù)形圖舉例英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)樹(shù)形圖舉例資料僅供參考文件編號(hào):2022年4月英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)樹(shù)形圖舉例版本號(hào):A修改號(hào):1頁(yè)次:1.0審核:批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期:樹(shù)形圖詳細(xì)講解1.Indicatethecategoryofeachwordinthefollowingsentences.a)Theoldladysuddenlyleft.DetANQualVb)Thecarstoppedattheendoftheroad.DetNVPDetNPDetNc)Thesnowmighthaveblockedtheroad.DetNAuxAuxVDetNd)Heneverappearsquitemature.NQualVDegA2.Thefollowingphrasesincludeahead,acomplement,andaspecifier.Drawtheappropriatetreestructureforeach.a)fullofpeopleAPAPNfullofpeopleb)astoryaboutasentimentalgirlNPNPPPDetNPNPDetANastoryaboutasentimentalgirlc)oftenreaddetectivestoriesVPQualVNPANoftenreaddetectivestoriesd)theargumentagainsttheproposalsNPNPPPDetNPNPDetNtheargumentagainsttheproposalse)movetowardsthewindowVPVPPPDetNmovetowardsthewindow3.Drawphrasestructuretreesforeachofthefollowingsentences.a)Thejetlanded.InflP(=S)NPInflVPDetNPstVThejetlandedb)Marybecameveryill.InflP(=S)NPInflVPNPstVAPDegAMarybecameveryillc)Whatwillyoutalkabout?CPNPCSNInflNPInflVPVPNPVPNWhatwillyouetalkabouted)Theapplemighthittheman.SNPVPDetNAuxVNPDetNTheapplemighthitthemanORInflP(=S)NPInflVPDetNVNPDetNTheapplemighthitthemane)Heoftenreadsdetectivestories.SNPVPNQualVNPANHeoftenreadsetectivestoriesORInflP(=S)NPInflVPPresentNQualVNPANHeoftenreadsetectivestories4.Thefollowingsentencescontainmodifiersofvarioustypes.Foreachsentence,firstidentifythemodifier(s),thendrawthetreestructures.a)Afrightenedpassengerlandedthecrippledairplane.InflP(=S)NPInflVPDetANPstVNPDetANAfrightenedpassengerlandedthecrippledairplaneb)Ahugemoonhungintheblacksky.InflP(=S)NPInflVPDetANPstVPPPNPDetANAhugemoonhungintheblackskyc)Anunusualeventoccurredbeforethemeeting.InflP(=S)NPInflVPDetANPstVPPPNPDetNAnunusualeventoccurredbeforethemeetingd)Aquaintoldhouseappearedonthegrassyhill.InflP(=S)NPInflVPDetANPPstVPPANPNPDetANAquaintoldhouseappearedonthegrassyhill5.Thefollowingsentencesallcontainconjoinedcategories.Drawatreestructureforeachofthesentences.a)Jimhaswashedthedirtyshirtsandpants.InflP(=S)NPVPNAuxVNPDetANPNCONNJimhaswashedthedirtyshirtsandpantsORInflP(=S)NPVPNInflVNPDetANPNCONNJimhaswashedthedirtyshirtsandpantsb)Helenputonherclothesandwentout.SNPVPNVPCONVPVPNPVAdvVPDetNHelenputonherclothesandwentoutORInflP(=S)NPInflVPNPstVPCONVPVPNPVAdvVPDetNHelenputonherclothesandwentoutc)Maryisfondofliteraturebuttiredofstatistics.SNPVPNVPCONVPVPNPVPNPVAPNVAPNMaryisfondofliteraturebut(is)tiredofstatisticsORInflP(=S)NPInflVPNPresVPCONVPVPNPVPNPVAPNVAPN Maryisfondofliteraturebut(is)tiredofstatisticsd)Thedetectivewentoutandthemysteriousmancamein.SSCONSNPVPNPVPDetNVAdvDetANVAdvThedetectivewentoutandthemysteriousmancameine)Crusoeknowsthatspringwillcomeandthesnowwillmelt.SNPVPCPNVCSSCONSNPVPNPVPNAuxVDetNAuxVCrusoeknowsthatspringwillcomeandthesnowwillmelt6.Thefollowingsentencesallcontainembeddedclausesthatfunctionascomplementsofaverb,anadjective,aprepositionoranoun.Drawatreestructureforeachsentence.a)YouknowthatIhatewar.SNPVPCPNVCSNPVPNPNVNYouknowthatIhatewarORCPCInflP(=S)NPInflVPCPNPresVCSNPVPNVNPNYouknowthatIhatewarb)HesaidthatTomaskedwhethertheclasswasover.SNPVPCPNVCS NPVPCPNVCSNPVPDetNVAHesaidthatTomaskedwhethertheclasswasoverc)Gerrycan’tbelievethefactthatAnnaflunkedtheEnglishexam.SNPVP NVPNPCPAuxNegVNPCSDetNNPVPNVNPDetANGerrycannotbelievethefactthatAnnaflunkedtheEnglishexamd)ChriswashappythathisfatherboughthimaRolls-Royce.SNPVPCPNVLACSNPVPDetNVNPNPNDetNChriswashappythathisfatherboughthimaRolls-Roycee)Thechildrenarguedoverwhetherbatshadwings.SNPVPCPDetNVPCSVPNPVPNVNPNThechildrenarguedoverwhetherbatshadwings7.Eachofthefollowingsentencescontainsarelativeclause.Drawthedeepstructureandthesurfacestructuretreesforeachofthesentences.a)Theessaythathewrotewastoolong.DeepstructureCPCSNPVPDetNCPVAPCSDegANPInflVPNVNPNTheessayhewrotethatwastoolongSurfaceStructureCPCSNPVPDetNCPVAPCSDegPNPNPInflVPNNPstVNPNTheessaythathewroteewastoolongb)Thedogthathekeepsbites.DeepstructureCPCSNPVPDetNCPVCInflSPresNPVPNVNPNThedoghekeepsthatbitesSurfaceStructureCPCSNPVPDetNCPVCSNPNPInflVPNNPresVNPNThedogthathekeepsebitesc)Herbertfoundthemansheloved.DeepstructureCPCSNPVPNInflVNPCPDetNCSNPInflVPNPNVNHerbertfoundthemanshelovedwhoSurfaceStructureCPCSNPVPNInflVNPCPDetNSCNPInflVPNPNPNVNNHerbertfoundtheman(whom)sheloveded)Thegirlwhomheoftenquarrelswithmajorsinlinguistics.DeepstructureCPCSNPVPDetNCPVPPPNPCInflSNNPVPPPNQualVPNPVPNThegirlheoftenquarrelswithwhommajorsinlinguisticsSurfaceStructureCPCSNPVPDetNCPVPPPNPCSNNPNPInflVPPPNNQualVPNPVPNThegirlwhomheoftenquarrelswithemajorsinlinguistics8.Thederivationsofthefollowingsentencesinvolvetheinversiontransformation.Givethedeepstructureandthesurfacestructuretreesforeachofthesesentences.a)Wouldyoucometomorrow?DeepstructureCPCSVPNPAdvPNInflVAdvyouwouldcometomorrowSurfacestructureCPCSVPNPAdvPInflNInflVAdvwouldyouecometomorrowb)Canyoupassmethenewspaper?DeepstructureCPCSVPNPNPNInflVNDetNyoucanpassmethenewspaperSurfacestructureCPCSVPInflNPNPNPNInflVNDetNCanyouepassmethenewspaperc)Shouldthestudentsreporttheincident?

DeepstructureCPCSVPNPNPDetNInflVDetNthestudentsshouldreporttheincidentSurfacestructureCPCSVPInflNPNPDetNInflVDetNshouldthestudentsereporttheincidentd)Whatdidyoueatforlunch?DeepstructureCPCSVPNPPPNPNPNInflVPNNyoudideatwhatforlunchSurfacestructureCPNPCSVPInflNPPPNPNPNNInflV

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