獨立結(jié)構(gòu),分詞課件

獨立結(jié)構(gòu)與分詞現(xiàn)在分詞:V-ing過去分詞:V-ed考察重點分詞獨立結(jié)構(gòu)分詞的邏輯主語獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成：

名詞(代詞)+現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞；

名詞(代詞)+形容詞；

名詞(代詞)+副詞；

名詞(代詞)+不定式；

名詞(代詞)

+介詞短語構(gòu)成。

The

test

finished,

we

began

our

holiday.

=

when

the

test

was

finished,

we

began

our

holiday.

考試結(jié)束了，我們開始放假。

The

president

assassinated,

the

whole

country

was

in

deep

sorrow.

=

after

the

president

was

assassinated,

the

whole

country

was

in

deep

sorrow.

總統(tǒng)被謀殺了，舉國上下沉浸在悲哀之中。

Weather

permitting,

we

are

going

to

visit

you

tomorrow.

如果天氣允許，我們明天去看你。He

came

into

the

room,

his

ears

red

with

cold.

他回到了房子里，耳朵凍壞了。He

came

out

of

the

library,

a

large

book

under

his

arm.他夾著本厚書，走出了圖書館

with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作獨立主格

表伴隨時，既可用分詞的獨立結(jié)構(gòu)，也可用with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。

with

+名詞(代詞)+現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞/形容詞/副詞/不定式/介詞短語

舉例:He

stood

there,

his

hand

raised.

=

He

stood

there,

with

his

hand

raise.

獨立結(jié)構(gòu)的句法作用

在分詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語一般應(yīng)與句子的主語一致。如果不一致的話，分詞前面可以帶有自己的邏輯主語(名詞或代詞)，構(gòu)成分詞的獨立結(jié)構(gòu)(或稱為帶邏輯主語的分詞結(jié)構(gòu))。分詞獨立結(jié)構(gòu)可表示伴隨情況、陪襯動作、附加說明以及表示時間、原因、條件等。表示原因Theybeingblindmen,howcouldtheyseetheelephants?(=Astheywereblindmen...)Circumstanceschanged,itisnecessaryforyoutomakeanewplan.

獨立結(jié)構(gòu)中的being或havebeen可省略.E.g.Thechildrenwerewatchingacrobaticshow,theireyeswideopen.由with引導(dǎo)的獨立結(jié)構(gòu):Wecouldhardlyworkwithhimfussingusallthetime.Thesaleusuallytakesplaceoutsidethehouse,withtheaudience____onbenches,chairsorboxes.(CET42000,1)A)havingseatedB)seatingC)seatedD)havingbeenseated本題考察的是with引導(dǎo)的分詞的獨立結(jié)構(gòu)，seat一般用被動形式表示主動意思，所以用過去分詞，答案為C。seat可以用于如下句中：Hecameinandwasseatedinthechair.Pleasecomeinandbeseated.分詞邏輯主語改錯:

Returningtomydorm,mywatchwasmissing.Returningtomydorm,Ifoundmywatchmissing.

改錯：Weatherpermitted,we’llstarttomorrow.Weatherpermitting,we’llstarttomorrow.Unlikecommercialmotionpictures,educationalfilmsarenotfinancedbypayingadmissions.paying-----paidThedentistsaidthatifmytoothwentworseIshouldhavetohaveitpullout.pull----pulledComparingwiththecorrespondingperiodoflastyear,theoutputofchemicalfibersinthefirstquarterroseby15%.Comparing------Compared翻譯練習(xí):我們的經(jīng)濟以驚人的速度發(fā)展。Oureconomyisdevelopingatanastonishingspeed.聽了天氣預(yù)報，船沒有出港。Havingheardtheweathe