英語口語培訓(xùn)圖表題課件

培訓(xùn)1

英文圖表材料閱讀培訓(xùn)外語與貿(mào)易分院

圖形描述題的難點(diǎn)之一是難以在短時(shí)間內(nèi)找出該題需要表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)，缺少書面表達(dá)的語言和亮點(diǎn)。對(duì)于題型出現(xiàn)的這些難點(diǎn)，有一些相應(yīng)的建議：尋覓小作文需要表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)了解圖形的分類規(guī)律準(zhǔn)備必要的表達(dá)方式圖表材料閱讀1、尋覓小作文需要表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)見到圖形表達(dá)題，你心中就需要思考這個(gè)圖形題需要表述的重點(diǎn)在哪里。作答時(shí)先說明再梳理數(shù)據(jù)。文章的主句應(yīng)該對(duì)文章要表達(dá)的趨勢(shì)，量的大小作出說明，相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)則補(bǔ)充在后面。如何表達(dá)圖表圖表線形圖：linegraph柱狀圖：barchart餅圖：piechart表格：table流程圖：flowchart地圖：map圖表類型A.表格圖1橫向比較:介紹橫向各個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)的區(qū)別，變化和趨勢(shì)2縱向比較:介紹橫向各個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)的區(qū)別，變化和趨勢(shì)3無需將每一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)分別說明，突出強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)據(jù)最大值和最小值，對(duì)比時(shí)要總結(jié)出數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比最懸殊的和最小的說明：考察例舉數(shù)字的能力和方法。注意怎樣通過舉一些有代表性的數(shù)據(jù)來有效地說明問題。B.曲線圖1極點(diǎn)說明:對(duì)圖表當(dāng)中最高的，最低的點(diǎn)要單獨(dú)進(jìn)行說明2趨勢(shì)說明:對(duì)圖表當(dāng)中曲線的連續(xù)變化進(jìn)行說明，如上升，下降，波動(dòng)，持平3交點(diǎn)說明:對(duì)圖表當(dāng)中多根曲線的交點(diǎn)進(jìn)行對(duì)比說明說明：關(guān)鍵是把握好曲線的走向和趨勢(shì)，學(xué)會(huì)generalclassification,即在第二段的開頭部分對(duì)整個(gè)曲線進(jìn)行一個(gè)階段式的總分類，使寫作層次清晰。接下來在分類描述每個(gè)階段的specifictrend,同時(shí)導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)作為你分類的依據(jù)。注意不要不做任何說明就機(jī)械性的導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)！可以使用一些比較native的單詞和短語來描述trend。C.餅狀圖1介紹各扇面及總體的關(guān)系2各個(gè)扇面之間的比較，同類扇面在不同時(shí)間，不同地點(diǎn)的比較3重點(diǎn)突出特點(diǎn)最明顯的扇面：最大的，最小的，互相成倍的D.柱狀圖1.比較:similarity2.對(duì)比:difference3.橫向總結(jié)所有柱狀圖表的共性特征&分別描寫各個(gè)柱子的個(gè)性特征3、準(zhǔn)備必要的表達(dá)方式如何表達(dá)圖表下降（v）decreasedeclinegodownfalldropCommonExpressions△趨勢(shì)(名詞)：trend/tendency相關(guān)詞匯百分比(名詞)：proportion,rate,percentage,share占據(jù)(動(dòng)詞)：occupy,comprise,constitute,accountfor,represent.數(shù)字：number,amount,data,figure比例：rate,proportion,percentage,share大約：roughly,about,nearly,approximately,alittlelessthan,slightlymorethan各自地：respectively,foreach,severallyCommonExpressions與大小相關(guān)的詞語：Outnumber(動(dòng)詞)：在數(shù)量上超過ThedemonstratorswereoutnumberedbythepoliceExceed(動(dòng)詞)：在數(shù)量上超過Triple(動(dòng)詞)：變成三倍Thefigurehastripled.Double(動(dòng)詞)：變成兩倍Thepriceofhouseshasvirtuallydoubledoverthepastfewyears.Mountto(動(dòng)詞)：達(dá)到Counterpart(名詞)：對(duì)應(yīng)的另一方,比較的另一方thisproductisbetterthanitscounterpartsCommonExpressionsCommonExpressions到達(dá)頂點(diǎn)reachthepeakpeak(v)達(dá)到底點(diǎn)reachthebottom波動(dòng)性下降sthhave/showadownwardtrendsthdecreasewith(minor)fluctuations波動(dòng)性上升sthhave/showanupwardtrendsthincreasewith(minor)fluctuations保持不變keep/remain+unchangedstablesteadyconstant時(shí)間的表達(dá)1在某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)in+年或月in2010intheyearof2010inAuguston+日on1stat+小時(shí)at10pm3在一個(gè)時(shí)間和另一個(gè)時(shí)間之間between1990and19974在某段時(shí)間之間during/over/throughout7-yearperiodbetween1990and1997說頂點(diǎn)的方法第一種方法：用分詞的方法Thesalesofcomputerswentupdramaticallysince2003,reachingthepeakat4000in2005.第二種方法：用which從句形式Thesalesofcomputerswentupdramaticallysince2003,whichreachedthepeakat4000in2005.第三種方法：直接法Thesalesofcomputersincreasedsteeplytothepeakat4000in2005.Canyoudescribeit?ThegraphbelowshowstheconsumptionoffishandsomedifferentkindsofmeatinaEuropeancountrybetween1979and2004Ascanbeseeninthepiechart,chicken,whichmakesup40%,isthemostpopularamongthetotalmeatsold,thennextisporkanditoccupies20%,followedbythebeef,constituting18%;andfinallycomelamb,fishandothers,at15%,5%and2%respectively.Thetableliststhepercentageofthetotalworkforceandthepercentageofmanagerswhoarewomeninfivecountries.TheUniteStateshasaroughlygender-balancedworkforce:womenmakeupabouthalfthecountry’sworkingpopulation(46%).WomeninAustraliaandJapanhavesimilarshareofthecountry’slaborforce(42%and41%respectively).NextcomesSri