上海高一上新教材同步講義Unit1

Unit1Ourworld【詞匯和短語】詞匯局部：digitaladj.數(shù)字信息系統(tǒng)的；數(shù)碼的；數(shù)字式的typicaladj.典型的：有代表性的；不出所料的：特有的eventn.發(fā)生的事情；〔尤指〕重要的事情,大事4.onto〔與動詞連用,表示朝某處或某位置運動〕向,朝midnightn.子夜,午夜routmen.常規(guī),正常順序scenen.場面；片段,鏡頭earn.v.掙得,賺得,掙錢deathn.死亡,死buttonn.扣子；紐扣ILtypen.類型；種類uniqueadj.獨特的：唯一的respondadj.反響selectv.挑選；選擇organizationn.組織：機構；團體goaln.目標,目的partner.n.伙伴,同伴；配偶：結成伙伴improvev.〔使〕改良,〔使〕改善：currentlyadv.當前,現(xiàn)在：schedulen.匚作方案,日程安排conferencen.會議qualityn.質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)delivern.給與,遞送inspirev.鼓勵;鼓舞tipn.指點,實用的提示acquirev.獲得：習得challengen.挑戰(zhàn)r向…發(fā)起挑戰(zhàn)volunteern.志愿者,義務工作者；v.自愿做,義務做locationn.地方,地點,位置lengthn.長度,〔持續(xù)〕時間的長短electricityn.電materialn.〔某一活動所需的〕材料senioradj.年長的；高級的；n.較年長的人junioradj.初級的；freedom.n.〔權利或狀態(tài)〕自由dormn.集體宿舍；學生宿舍aspectn.方而；層面explorationn.探究,研究：探測editv.編輯,校訂〔文章、書籍等〕particularadj.專指的；特指的elementn.元素,要素behaviorn.行為relatedadj.相關的：有聯(lián)系的lanternn.燈籠traditionn.傳統(tǒng)reflectv.顯示,說明,表達attituden.態(tài)度：看法respectn.尊重descriptionn.描述短語局部：videoclip視頻片段：視頻剪輯timecapsule時間文物貯藏器〔收藏具有時代特征的物品〕：時間膠囊mall總共hulahoop呼啦圈welloff富有的：富裕的bekeenon喜愛,對……著迷：有興趣papertowel厚紙巾beashamedof為感到羞愧onbehalfof代表referto描述：涉及：與相關Clmieseknot中國結dragonboat龍舟：龍船【重點單詞】digitaladj.數(shù)字信息系統(tǒng)的；數(shù)碼的；數(shù)字式的TlienewdigitaltechnologywouldallowarapidexpansioninthenumberofTVchannels.新的數(shù)碼技術可使電視頻道的數(shù)量得以快速增多.【常用短語】digitaltelevision數(shù)字電視；數(shù)位電視；數(shù)碼電視機；數(shù)碼電視digitaldevice數(shù)碼設備〔平板電腦,pad.數(shù)碼相機以及智能等〕digitalvideo數(shù)字視頻；數(shù)碼攝像機；數(shù)字視訊digitalmapping［〕?］數(shù)字測圖；數(shù)碼繪圖；數(shù)字化測圖【拓展】digitn.數(shù)字typicaladj.典型的；有代表性的；不出所料的；特有的TliispatternofwoodsandfieldsistypicaloftheEnglishlandscape.這是具有典型英格蘭風景特征的森林與田野.【拓展】typen.類型；品種；模式routinen.常規(guī),正常順序Theplayershadtochangetheirdailyroutineandlifestyle.這些運發(fā)動不得不改變他們的每日常規(guī)和生活方式.【拓展】routineadj.常規(guī)的,例行公事的：平淡乏味的〔表不滿〕routinework日常工作asenesofroutmemedicaltestsincludingX-raysandbloodtests.一系列包括X光和驗血在內(nèi)的常規(guī)醫(yī)學檢查.scenen.場面；片段,鏡頭；景象It'sasceneofcompletedevastation.那是一幅滿目瘡痍的景象.【常見詞組】onthescene在場：出現(xiàn)；到場nightscene夜景newscene新建場景：建立新場景；新場景behindthescene幕后；幕后花絮；未開拓市,場uniqueadj.獨特的；唯一的Eachperson'ssignatureisunique.每個人的簽名是獨一無二的.【拓展】imiquelyadv.惟一地Becauseoftheextremecold,dieAntarcticisauniquelyfragileenvironment.由于極端嚴寒,南極州的生態(tài)環(huán)境尤其脆弱.【近義詞辨析】typical典型的,強調(diào)同類中比擬具代表性的：imique唯一的,強調(diào)個性與眾不同：rare罕見的,珍貴的,強調(diào)數(shù)量少而顯得珍貴：common共同的,普遍的；強調(diào)同類中的共性,也可指因數(shù)量而常見：particular特定的,特殊的；具有具體指向性的特例.special特殊的,特別的：強調(diào)獨特性,在某方面與眾不同.deliverv.給與,遞送TlieCanadiansplantodelivermorefoodtosoutlieniSomalia.加拿大人方案向索馬里南部運送更多的食物.【拓展】.實現(xiàn)；履行Tlieyhavetoshowtliattheycanreallydelivertlieirduty.他們?nèi)孕枳C實他們確實能履行責任..發(fā)表［正式］Thepresidentwilldeliveraspeechaboutschook.校長將發(fā)表關于學校的演講..給(產(chǎn)婦)接生Althoughwe'dplannedtohaveourbabyathome,weneverexpectedtodeliverherourselves!盡管我們是打算在家生孩子,可我們從未想過要自己給她接生！n.delivery投遞,分娩.deliverfood外賣(尤指外賣員送餐到家或指定地點的外賣：take-awayfood指制作好后購置者從餐廳內(nèi)帶走的外賣,二者注意區(qū)分)8.inspirev.鼓勵；鼓舞Teachersshouldinspireallstudentstothinkcreatn'ely.老師應該鼓勵所有學生發(fā)揮創(chuàng)造性思維.n.inspiration鼓勵;鼓舞：靈感【固定搭配】inspiresb.todosth.鼓舞某人去做某事.【拓展】.喚起；激起Inthe1960s,theelectricguitarplayer.JumHendrix,inspiredageneration.20世紀60年代,電吉他演奏家吉米激發(fā)了一代人的熱情..賦…以靈感；給…以啟示Tliebookwasinspiredbyarealperson.這本書是受一個人啟發(fā)而寫成的.acquirev.獲得；習得.(Ifyouacquiresomething,youbuyorobtainitforyourself,orsomeonegivesittoyou.)獲得GeneralMotorsacquireda50%stakeinSaabforaboutS400m.通用汽車公司以大約4億美元獲得了薩博50%的股份..(Ifyouacquiresometliiiigsuchasaskillorahabit,youleamit.ordevelopittlirougliyourdailylifeorexperience.)習得Pveneveracquiredatasteforwine.我從未養(yǎng)成對前萄酒的愛好.challengen.挑戰(zhàn)v.向…發(fā)起挑戰(zhàn)Tlienewgovernment'sfirstchallengeistheeconomy.新政府而臨的第一項挑戰(zhàn)是經(jīng)濟.Tlieyplantochallengetheirrivals.他們方案挑戰(zhàn)競爭對手.volunteern.志愿者,義務工作者；v.自愿做,義務做Shenowhelpsinalocalschoolasavolunteertlireedaysaweek.她現(xiàn)在作為一名志愿者每周3天在當?shù)匾凰鶎W校幫助.Hevolunteeredforthearmyin1939.他在1939年自愿參軍.senioradj.年長的；高級的；n.較年長的人；〔地位以及職位、資格較高的〕上級thecompanysseniormanagement.該公司的高級治理人員.seniortlireestudents高三學生seniorcitizen老年市民,老年人反義詞：junior初級的,下級的particular.adj專指的；特指的IhaveaparticularresponsibilitytoensureImakedierightdecision.我有特別責任要保證做出正確的決定.【拓展】adj.挑剔的Tedwasveryparticularaboutthecoloursheused.特德對于他使用的顏色是非常挑剔的.【固定搭配】beparticularaboutsth.對…挑剔r(nóng)eflectv.反射；深思Tliesunreflectedoffthesnow-coveredmoimtams.陽光從被雪覆蓋的山巒反射回來.Weshouldallgiveourselvestmietoreflect.我們都應該給自己時間來深思.【拓展】V反映；表現(xiàn)；顯示Anewspaperreportseemstoreflecttheviewofmostmembers.報紙的一篇報導似乎反映了大多數(shù)成員的觀點.respectn/v尊重；遵守Iwanthimtorespectmeasacareerwoman.我要他把我作為一個職業(yè)女性來尊重.Itisabouttimetouroperatorsrespecteddielawandtheirowncodeofconduct.現(xiàn)在該是旅行社經(jīng)營者們遵守法律和他們自己的行業(yè)標準的時候了.【固定搭配】show/payone,srespectstosb,向…表示尊敬；向…致敬.TliepeopleiiiWuhanpaytheirrespectstothenursesfromdiewholecoiuitry.武漢人民向來自全國各地的護士們致敬.【拓展】respect做名詞時還有“方面〞的意思；intliisrespect/inmanyrespects在這方面/在許多方面另外withrespecttosth.也比擬常見,譯成關于；至于Parentsoftenhavelittlechoicewithrespecttothewaytheirchildismedicallytreated.至于他們孩子被醫(yī)治的方式,父母通常少有選擇的余地.【課堂練習】Fillintheblankswiththewordsorphrasesfromtheboxbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.A.volunteerB.routineC.particularD.inspireE.challengeF.sceneG.reflectH.acquireLtypicalJ.uniqueK.domesticThecarvingsrepresentahunting.這些雕刻作品描繪了一幅狩獵的場面.Thenewgovernmenfsfirstistheeconomy.新政府而臨的第一項挑戰(zhàn)是經(jīng)濟.Theoceanwouldmoreheatandlight.海洋會反射更多的光和熱.Tedwasveryaboutthecoloursheused.特德對于他使用的顏色是非常挑剔的.AuntMarytocleanupthekitchen.瑪麗姨媽主動要求清掃廚房.Administrativepersonnelshouldalsosometechnicalskills.治理人員也應該學幾門手藝.Thewindowhadbeenreplacedlastweekduringmaintenance.那窗在上星期的例行檢修中已被換掉了.Thissuccesswillmetogreaterefforts.這次成功大大地鼓勵了我下次更加努力,ThispaintingisaworkofRembrandl(倫勃朗).這幅畫是一幅典型的倫勃朗作品.Maryisaverjfinterestingpersonwhohasherinterpretationoflife.瑪麗是一個非常有趣的人,她對生活有著獨特的理解.1-5：scene:challenge;reflect:particular;volunteered6-10:acquire;routine;inspire;typical;unique二.GrammarDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordtliatbestfitseachblank.A14-year-oldGirlBuiltanApptoHelpAlzheimer5spatients(老年癡呆癥患者)Formanyteenagers,theirlivestypicallymightcirclearoundschoolworkandspendingtmiewithfriends.NotsoforEmmaYang.ThoughtheHongKong-borngirlisonly14,she(21)(create)herownmobileappforAlzheimer'spatientsalready.TheTunelessapp.whichYangspenttwoyears(22)(develop),comeswithseveralimportantfeatures.Itisanartificialintelligence-poweredfacialrecognitionsystemintheapp(23)helpsAlzheimerspatientsidentifypeopleillphotosandrememberwhotheyare.Italsoallowsphotos(24)(group)byindividualsaswellasprovidesapicture-basedphonebook,whichenablesausertotaponphotostocallortextaperson.TheinspirationtodevelopanappthatwouldhelpAlzheimer'spatientsconnectwiththeirlovedonescametoYangatdieageof12,whenhergrandmotherstartedforgettingtilingslike(25)shelivedandYang^birthday.“Iwantedtocreatesomethuigtohelppeoplelikemygrandmotherstay(26)(connect)witliherfamily/'Yangsaid.Itwasataskshewaswell-preparedtoundertake,(27)venturecapitalistsdidn'ttakeherworkseriously.YangstartedacrowdfindingcampaigninMarchlastyeartosupporther37/we/esAappproject.ThateffortraisedmorethanS10,000.AtpresentYangworkswitlianinternationalteamthatincludesadesignerinCaliforniaandadeveloperinCologne.Germany.ThechiefteclmologyofficerofKanos,theAIcompany(28)technologyisusedintheTimelessapp,isnowYang'sadviser.Yangurgedotheryoung,ambitiouspeopletobelievein(29)becausetheteenagersoftodaywillbetomorrow'sleaders."Technologyhasbeenabletomakekidsputtheirideasintoaction,shesaid〞(30)yongetouttliereandputyourselfoutthere,tellpeopleaboutyourideaandfindoutwho'sonboardandcangetbehmdit,you'lleventuallyfindthatteamofpeople/521.hascreated22.developing23.tliat24.tobegrouped25.where26.connected27.but28.whose29.themselves30.Aslongas現(xiàn)在進ft廿的枇冊現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)由“bebeing+及物動詞的過去分詞〞構成,助動詞be有人稱和數(shù)的變化〔am,isare〕..表示此刻正在進行的被動動作.Theprojectisbeingdiscussedatthemeeting.Anewfilmisbeingshowninthetheater.Myhouseisbeingpaintednow..表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的被動動作,但此動作不一定在此時此刻發(fā)生.Manyinterestingexperiencesarebeingcarriedoutthesedays.Amodernschoolisbeingbuiltinourhometown.Acomputercenterisbeingbuiltforthestudents?.表示經(jīng)常的被動行為,常和always,often,constantly等詞連用.〔表達某種感情色彩〕Heisalwaysbeingpraisedbytheteacher.—.注意不可遺漏being現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)表示說話時正在進行的一個被動的動作,強調(diào)主語是動作的承受者,其構成為“am/is/are+being+動詞的過去分詞〞.如果我們把being漏掉,就成為一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)或系表結構.如：Look!Thechildrenarebeingtakencareofbytheiraunt.瞧!那些孩子正由他們的姑媽照看著.區(qū)別：Childrenaretakengoodcareofatschool.孩子們在學校被照看得很好.〔指通常情況〕二.注意不可無視“現(xiàn)階段〞現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)也可表示目前這一階段正在進行的一個被動的動作.如：Manyinterestingexperimentsarebeingcarriedoutthesedays.如今許多有趣的實驗正在被進行著.〔說話時,并不一定在進行〕三.注意沒有現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)的動詞一些表示“狀態(tài)、心理活動、擁有、存在〞等的動詞,一般不用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài),而常用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài).如:XiaoWaiig,comehere.Youarewantedonthephone.小王,過來,有你的.Footballisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.Inotherwords,itislovedbymoreandmorepeople.足球現(xiàn)在越來越流行了,換句話說,它被越來越多的人喜愛.四.注意“be+under/in等介詞+名詞〞結構可表示現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)的含義.如:Theproblemisunderdiscussion(isbeingdiscussed)atthemeetmg.這個問題正在會上討論口Thetelephoneisinuse(=isbemgused)now.這部正在使用中.【課堂練習】Themiludeerattheresearchcenteratpresent.A.wasbeingstudiedB.willbestudiedC.isbeingstudiedD.havebeenstudiedWecanhearthatthepapersquicklyonfast-movingprintingmachines.A.willbeprintedB.werebeingprintedC.havebeenprintedD.arebeingprintedMoneyforthenatureproject.A.wascollectedB.havebeencollectedC.isbeingcollectedD.arebeingcollectedHesaidhisfatherabroadthenextyear.A.hasbeensentB.isbeingsentC.willbesentD.wouldbesentTheplanthathemadeafewdaysagonow.A.hasbeencarriedoutB.isbeingcarriedoutC.willbecarriedoutD.wasbeingcarriedout—Whereisthepanda?—Itbythedoctor.A.wasbeingexaminedB.isbeingexaminedC.willbeexaminedD.hasbeenexaminedWecan'twatchTVtonightbecauseit.A.hasbeenrepairedB.hasn'tbeenrepairedC.wasbeingrepairedD.hadn'tbeenrepaired8.EveryboyandeverygirlequallyinChinanow.A.isbeingtreatedB.arebeingtreatedC.treatD.aretreated9.Morethanonepatientbythenurseatthemoment.A.arebeingtakencareofB.isbeingtakencareofC.aretakencareofD.istakecareof10.Themeetingnowisofgreatimportance.A.heldB.beingheldC.isbeingheldD.willbeheld11.Sheisoneofthegirlsinourclasswhoforthecomingsportsmeetingnow.A.isbeingtrainedB.aretrainedC.istraining12.Allthataboutrightnowshouldnotbeletout.A.aretalkedB.isbeingtalkedC.istalkedD.arebeingtrainedD.arebeingtalkedThepoortoliveontheirownlabourattheverymoment.A.ishelpedB.arehelpedC.arebeinghelpedD.isbeinghelpedTheworldbymanhimselfnow.A.isbeingdestroyedB.arebeingdestroyedC.hasbeendestroyedD.willbedestroyed15.Apairofshoes;theycan'tbeusednow.A.arebeingmendedB.isbeingmendedC.ismendedD.aremended16.--Hi,Tom,canIuseyourcomputerforawhilethisafternoon?---Sorry.A.It,srepairedB.IthasbeenrepairedC.Il'sbeingrepairedD.Ithadbeenrepaired1.Newfunctions(add)tothecameraatpresent.2.Manyspeeches(hold)inourschoolthesedays.1don'tknowwhattimeitisnow.Mywatch(repair)Anewstadium(build).Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth.—Doyoulikethematerial?-Yes,it(feel)verysoft.Thebridgewhich(build)lastyear(look)beautiful.Thecamerayou(use)now(belong)tome.Onethirdoftheclass(question)bytheteachersnow.--Whatrsthatnoise?--Oh.Iforgottotellyou.Thenewmachine(test).10.Look!Theforeignguests(show)aroundthefactorybyMr.Zhang.Keys：1.arebeingadded2.arebemgheld3isbeingrepaired.4.isbemgbuilt5.feels6.wasbuiltlooks7.areusingbelongs8.arebemgquestioned9.isbemgtested10.arebeingshown【課后作業(yè)】GrammarandVocabularv24*1.5%l.Ifashophaschairswomencanparktheirmen.theywillspendmoretimeintheshop.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句.句意：如果商店里有椅子供和婦女來購物的男人們使用,婦女們在商店中會呆更長的時間.〞這是一個定語從句,先行詞為chairs,表示地點,并且先行詞在從句中做地點狀語,所以定語從句須用where引導.應選D.【點睛】判斷一個從句是不是定語從句,要看一下從句之前是否出現(xiàn)相應的單詞短語或句子作為被修飾語使用.如何選用關系詞,只需看從句.在沒有關系詞的情況下,假設從句結構不完整,缺少名詞性成分(主語、賓語、表語),那么應用關系代詞.假設從句為完整的句子,那么應用關系副詞.關系副詞where.when和why引導定語從句時,在定語從句中分別作地點、時間和原因狀語,起副詞和介詞短語的作用.所以由題中先行詞chairs表示地點、從句缺地點狀語可知,關系詞應選用where..Theworkersovercameallthedifificultiesandcompletedtlieprojecttwomonthsaheadoftime,issomethingwehadnotexpected.A.whatB.thatC.wliichD.it【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查非限制性定語從句.句意：他們戰(zhàn)勝了種種困難,并提前兩個月完成了任務,這是我們所沒有預料到的.由于后而句子是用來修飾前而的句子的,所以是一個定語從句.空白處的詞應指代整個上句,并在從句中做主語,且由于這句話屬于非限定性定語從句,所以引導詞只能是which.應選C.【點睛】非限制性定語從句的引導詞：關系代詞和關系副詞的選擇方法與限制性定語從句一樣：關系詞在從句中做主語或賓語時,用關系代詞：在從句中做狀i再是用關系副詞.非限制性定語從句的關系代詞無論指人還是指物,都不能用that.指人時,如果關系代詞在從句中做主語,就用who：做賓語時就用whom.指物時要用which.這里要注意的是,關系代詞在非限制性定語從句做賓語時也不能省略.例如本句中,先行詞為前邊整句話,指代一件事情,所以關系詞只能用which..TheEnglishprogramnonnallyattracts1,000studentsayear,halfwillbefromabroad.A.inwhichB.forwhomC.withwhichD.ofwhom【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句.句意：這個英語課程正常一年吸引1000個學生,其中有一半是來自海外.這是一個定語從句,先行詞為L000Students〔1000個學生〕,從句缺主語,且從句的主語與先行詞之間有限定關系〔halfofthe1.000students〕,這種情況下,表示限定關系的介詞短語是不可以省略的,介詞可以提前放在which〔指事物不能用that〕或者whom〔指人不能用who〕之前,也可放于原來的位置.先行詞L000students〔指人〕在這個短語中做賓語,所以用關系詞whom.題干中有half,所以空格處應填ofwhom.應選D,【點睛】“介詞+關系代詞〞引導的定語從句是定語從句的一種復雜形式,這類定語從句的關系代詞主要有which,whom,whose,它們既可以引導限定性定語從句,也可以引導非限定性定語從句.關系代詞前該選用什么樣的介詞,要根據(jù)不同的語境、習語、慣用法等來決定.當關系代詞在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時,介詞可以提前放在which〔指事物不能用that〕或者whom〔指人不能用who〕之前,也可放于原來的位置,但在含有介詞的動詞固定短語中,由于動詞和介詞的關系比擬緊密,一般不能將介詞與動詞拆開而將介詞提到關系代詞之前.這類短語動詞有l(wèi)istento/lookat/dependoa'takecareoflookinto/breakinto/getndoflookforwardto等.例如此題中halfof…就是一種習慣性搭配,先行詞1,000students〔指人〕在這個搭配中做賓語,所以用關系詞whom.應選D..Doyouknowthemanjustnow?A.towhoInoddedB.InoddedtoC.whomInoddedD.whomInoddedtoImn.【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句.句意：你熟悉我剛剛同他點頭的那個人嗎？表達“向……點頭〞的意思時,nod為不及物動詞,需要譯為“nodt.此題句子是一個定語從句,先行詞為theman,從句為Inoddedtotheman,由于theman做to的賓語,所以當t.與關系詞連用時,關系詞用whom,當t.不與關系詞連用時,關系詞用who八vhom或者直接看略都可以.選項A中關系詞應用whom,選項C中介詞to不可以省略,選項D中關系詞作賓語,就不可以再出現(xiàn)him,選項B是直接省略了關系詞的表達法.應選B..TliisisdieTVstationwevisitedlastyearA.whereB.thatC.towhichD.inwhich【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句.句意：這就是我們?nèi)ツ陞⒂^的那個電視臺.這是一個定語從句,先行詞為theTVstation〔電視臺〕,指物,并且先行詞在從句中做賓語,所以關系詞應選用關系代詞that/w如ch或者可直接省略“visit是及物動詞,可以直加接theTVstation做賓語,不需要介詞.應選B.【點睛】判斷一個從句是不是定語從句,要看一下從句之前是否出現(xiàn)相應的單詞短語或句子作為被修飾語使用.在沒有關系詞的情況下,假設從句結構不完整,缺少名詞性成分〔主語、賓語、表語〕,那么應用關系代詞.假設從句為完整的句子,那么應用關系副詞.本句話中,從句與先行詞theTVstation之間是修飾關系,所以是定語從句.從句謂語動詞visited后缺賓語,所以使用關系代詞.選擇定語從句中關系代詞時,首先,確定先行詞是人還是物,其次,確定定語從句中缺少的成分.當從句缺少主語時,假設先行詞指人,那么關系詞使用who/that,假設先行詞指物,關系詞使用which,that.當從句缺少賓語時,假設先行詞指人,那么關系詞使用whoAMiomthat或者可以省略,假設先行詞指物,關系詞使用which/that或者可以省略.如果從句缺少的是定語,假設先行詞指人,那么關系詞使用whose,假設先行詞指物,關系詞使用whose或者.fwhich.此題中關系詞指物,從句缺賓語,所以關系詞使用which,that或者可以省略.結合選項,應選.Thereasonhehasresignedispoorhealth.A.inwhichB.whereC.whyD.which【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句.句意：他離職的原因是身體不好.這是一個定語從句,先行詞為Thereason,且先行詞在從句中做原因狀語,所以使用關系詞why,應選C.amgoingtoseethemanagertomorrow,hewillbebackfromNewYork.A.whenB.whichC.inwhichD.onwhich【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查非限制性定語從句.句意：明天我會去見經(jīng)理,他明天從紐約回來.這是一個非限制性定語從句,先行詞為tomorrow,表示時間,且從句中缺少時間狀語,tomorrow,tomorrow直接做時間狀語,前邊不需要介詞.應選A.

.Alltheapplesfelldownfromdietreewereeatenupbythepigs.A.theyB./C.tliatD.which【答案】c【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句.句意：從樹上落下來的所有蘋果都被豬吃光了.這是一個定語從句,主句部份為：Alltheappleswereeatenupbythepigs：從句部份為felldownfiomthetree.先行詞為theapples.且先行詞在從句中做主語,所以關系詞可使用which或that,但由于先行詞被不定代詞all修飾,所以關系詞只能用that.應選C.【點睛】選擇定語從句中關系代詞時,首先,確定先行詞是人還是物,其次,確定定語從句中缺少的成分.當從句缺少主語時,假設先行詞指人,那么關系詞使用、vho/that,假設先行詞指物,關系詞使用如ch,心at.當從句缺少賓語時,假設先行詞指人,那么關系詞使用who/whomtliat或者可以省略,假設先行詞指物,關系詞使用which/that或者可以省略.但是在以下七種情況下,只能用tliat不能用which.①領先行詞是anything,everything,notlimg,none等不定代詞時②先行詞有every、any,all.some,no.little,few,much等修飾時③先行詞有theonly.thevery-thejust修飾時④先行詞為序數(shù)詞〔thelast〕、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級時⑤先行詞既有人,又有物時⑥當主句是以who或which開始的特殊疑問句時,用that以預防重復⑦關系代詞在從句中做表語時.此題考查的就是先行詞被不定代詞修飾時,只能用that的情況..Weoftenthuikofthedayswespenttogetherontheisland.A.whenB.whichC.inwhichD.duringwhich【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句.句意：我們經(jīng)常想起我們在島上一起度過日子.這是一個限制性定語從句,先行詞為thedays,指物,并且先行詞在從句中做spent的賓語,所以關系詞可用thathvhich或者不填.應選B.【點睛】當表示時間、地點的先行詞作先行詞時,同學們要認真分析先行詞在從句中作什么成份.如果先行詞在從句中做主語或賓語,關系詞要選用關系代詞、如ch/that,做賓語時還可以不填關系詞.但是這些詞還有可能在從句中做時間狀語和地點狀語,領先行詞在從句中做狀語時,要填關系副詞when〔表示時間〕和where〔表示地點〕.例如此題先行詞thedays表示時間,但是分析從句,會發(fā)現(xiàn)它在從句中作賓語,所以選關系代詞..HehasleftBeijmg.ameetmgistobeheld.AwheAwhenB.whereC.asD.which【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查非限制性定語從句.句意：他已經(jīng)離開了北京,就是在那兒有一個會議將被舉行.先行詞為Beijmg,表示地點,且這個先行詞在從句中做地點狀i甬所以應使用關系副詞where.應選.Canyousolvesuchproblemsraisedbytheaudience?A.whatwereB.aswereC.tliatwereD.whichwere【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句.句意：你能解決被觀眾提出的這樣的問題嗎？這是一個定語從句,先行詞為problems〔問題〕,且從句中缺少主語,因此用關系代詞.又由于suchas是固定搭配,因此不用that或which做關系詞,關系詞應用as.應選B.【點睛】as引導的限制性定語從句,主要出現(xiàn)在一些固定的結構中如such…as,thesame…as等,此外它也可以單獨使用,as在限制性定語從句中可用作主語、賓語和表語.此題考查的就是as引導的限制性定語從句.由于有先行詞,從句缺少主語,所以這是一個定語從句.又由于such...as這個固定結構,所以此題的關系詞只能填as..Pleasepassmethedictionarycoverisblack.A.whichB.itsC.whoseD.whichof【答案】C【解析】試題分析：考查定語從句.句意：請把那有著本黑色封皮的字典遞給我.\vmch作主語或賓語；its不能引導但也想家,排除B；關系代詞Whose在定語從句中作定語,限定后面的名詞..fwhich相當于whose,whose-名詞="of'whichthe+名詞="the"+名詞ofwhich.排除D；whose在本句中修飾名詞cover,應選C.考點：考查定語從句.Thisisthebiggestlabwehaveeverbuiltinouruniversity.A.whichB.whatC.tliatD.Where【答案】c【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句.句意：這是我們大學建的最大的實驗室.先行詞是thebiggestlab,有最高級修飾先行詞時,而且在定語從句中缺少賓語,定語從句用that引導.應選C.haveboughtdiesamedresssheiswearing.A.asB.thatC.wliichD.than【答案】A【解析】【詳解】試題分析：考查定語從句.句意：我買了一條和她現(xiàn)在穿的一模一樣的褶子.as在此引導限制性定語從句,在定語從句中作wearing的賓語.as引導限制性定語從句時,常構成thesame+n.+as+定語從句,such+n.+as+定語從句?應選A.考點：考查定語從句.【名師點睛】限制性定語從句的先行詞往往是某一個詞,但非限制性定語從句的先行詞可以是一個詞,也可以是句子的一局部,甚至是整個主句,此時非限制性定語從句一般由which或as引導,as引導限制性定語從句時,常構成thesame+n.+as+定語從句,such+n.+as+定語從句.IS.Tliedoctorurgedpeoplewhosmoketodiehabit.A.abandonBacknowledgeC.accustomD.achieve【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動詞辨析.句意：醫(yī)生敦促吸煙的人放棄這個習慣.A.abandon放棄；B.acknowledge成認〔屬實〕：C.accustom使習慣〔于〕,使適應：D.achieve〔憑長期努力〕到達〔某目標、地位、標準〕.根據(jù)常識,吸煙有害健康,這個習慣是應該被放棄的.應選A..Lovewastotallyduringhischildliood.sohebecameveryrude.A.presenceB.absenceC.advanceD.allowance【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查名詞辨析.句意：愛在他的童年時期是完全消失的,因此他變的很粗魯.A.presence在場,出席：B.absence缺席,不在,不存在：C.advance行進；進步：D.allowance津貼,補貼.由他變的粗魯可知,他童年時期缺乏愛.應選B..Thestylecanbetopersonaltaste.A.adoptedB.adjustedC.avoidedD.reported【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動詞辨析.句意：風格可根據(jù)個人口味調(diào)行.A.adopted收養(yǎng),領養(yǎng)：B.adjusted調(diào)整,調(diào).：C.avoided預防,預防：D.reported匯報,報告.根據(jù)句意,風格是根據(jù)個人口味調(diào)節(jié)的,應選B,

lS.Tliechairmanwillatthemeeting.A.advocateB.affordC.addressD.advance【答案】c【解析】【詳解】考查動詞辨析.句意：主席將在會上發(fā)表演講.A.advocate擁護,支持,提倡：B.afiford買得起,〔有時間〕做：C.address演講,向說話;D.advance促進,推動.advocate與affbrd做動詞時,一般都需要直接加賓語.advance做動詞時,一般需要與介詞連用.address做動詞時,可以直接加賓語也可以不加.且根據(jù)語境,主席在會上將會發(fā)表演講.應選C.19.Danafeelinghurtbywhattheofficerhadsaid.A.adnuttedBagreedC.acquiredD.accommodated【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動詞辨析.句意：Dana成認被長官所說的話傷到了.A.admitted成認：B.agreed同意；C.acquired〔通過努力、水平、行為表現(xiàn)〕獲得：D.accommodated〔某人〕提供住宿.根據(jù)句意,Dana成認自己受傷了,應選A,20.111thiscountry,childrenunder12mustbebyanadultmpubliclibraries.A.accompaniedBabsorbedC.achievedD.accused【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動詞辨析.句意：在這個國家,12歲以下的孩子在公共圖書館必須有成人陪伴.A.accompanied陪同,陪伴:B.absorbed理解,掌握；C.achieved〔憑長期努力〕到達〔某目標、地位、標準〕：D.accused控告,控訴.根據(jù)常識與句意,在公共圖書館12歲以下的小孩必須有成人陪伴,應選A.Ifyoulookedattheaccidentfromanother,youwouldseehowfiuuiyitis.A.ankleBangelC.albumD.angle【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查名詞辨析.句意：如果你從另一個角度看這個事故,就會發(fā)現(xiàn)它多么有趣,A.ankle踝關節(jié):Bangel天使：C.album相冊,影集：Dangle斜角,角度.根據(jù)句意,這里強調(diào)看事情的角度.應選D..Hetoldusalotofftninystorieswhichusall.Wealllaughedhappily.A.alA.alteredBamazedC.allowedD.amused【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查動詞辨析.句意：他告訴我們一些很有趣的把我們都逗笑了的故事.我們都開心地笑了.Aaltered〔使〕改變,更改；B.amazed便驚奇,使驚愕；C.allowed允許；D.amused逗笑,逗樂.由第二個陳述句“我們都笑了“可知,這些故事把我們逗笑了.應選D..1amwithdieboyforbeingsostupid.A.annoyedB.announcedC.analyzedD.accessed【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動詞辨析.句意:這個小男孩這么愚蠢,我非常惱火.A.annoyed惱怒,生氣：B.announced宣布,宣告：C.analyzed〔分析〕研究：D.accessed進入,使用.根據(jù)句意,這里強調(diào)我是生氣的,應選A.ftheyoffera〔n〕decisionforyoutochoose,wliichonedoyouprefer?A.absoluteB.accurateC.actualD.alternative【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞辨析.句意：如果他們給你提供了一個備選決定讓你選擇,你會選哪一個？A.absolute完全的,全部的：Baccurate正確無誤的,精確的：C.actual真實的,實際的；D.akemaHve可供替代的.由“foryoutochoose〔讓你選擇〕〞可知,本句句意是給你提供了可供替代的選項,應選D.SectionBReadingComprehensionSectionADiiections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.5*1%Haveyoueverfelttrappedinajobyouhate925youarereadytomovefbnvardandfindamorefillfillingposition,careertransition〔過渡：變遷〕specialistGreggTaylorhasafew26tohelpdealwiththeemotionalsideof27yourjob.Whenwritingyourresignationletterkeepitshortandtothepomt.Expressyourgratitudefortheprocessandstateyourresignationdate.kfcYbudon'tneedtotellthemmuch/'saysTaylor."'Keepthuigassimpleaspossible,andasquietaspossible/'Keepthedetailstoyourself.Itwilllessenanytensionfromthetuneyou21inyourresignationletterimtilthedayyouleave.29.besuretocompleteanyreportyouareworkmgon.Tliisisjustgooddeedsandcommonsenseforeverybody,finallyifyouplanonaskingforareference.Useupanyremainingvacationtimeandsickdays.25.A.IfB.BecauseC.UntilD.Although26.A.plansB.warningsC.tipsD.comments27.A.findingB.improvingC.fiiiisliiiigD.leading28.A.fillB.endC.takeD.hand29.A.IndeedB.ThereforeC.AlsoD.However【答案】25.A26.C27.D28.D29.C【解析】這一篇說明文.文章就職業(yè)過渡期如何處理離職問題提出了一些建議.【25題詳解】考查狀語從句的連詞.句意：如果你準備向前進一步,找一個更加滿意的職位,職業(yè)過渡期專家GreggTaylor有幾點建議來幫助你處理可能會與離職有關的情緒問題.A.If如果：BBecause由于：C.Until直到：D.Although盡管.根據(jù)句意,假設你處于準備換工作的狀態(tài)下,這是一個條件狀語從句,應選A.【26題詳解】考查名詞辨析.句意同上.A.plans〞?劃；B.warnings警告,警示：C.tips實用的提示,指點：D.comments議論,評論o根據(jù)I'文"When\vntmgyourresignationletterkeepitshortandtothepoint.〔寫辭職信的時候保持簡短并且切中要點〕〞及“Keepthedetailstoyourself.〔自己把這些細.保密.〕〞等,可知,下文是針對如何離職提出的幾點建議,應選C.【27題詳解】考查動詞辨析.句意同上.A.finding找:B.improving改良,改善：C.finishing完成：D.leaving離開.根據(jù)下文的“resignationletter〔離職信〕"、"yourresignationdate〔你的離職日期〕〞等詞匯可知,本文是針對離開一份工作可能帶來的情緒問題提出的建議.應選D.【28題詳解】考查動詞短語.句意：它會減輕你從上交你的離職信到你離開這段時間內(nèi)的緊張情緒.AJHlin填塞,填平：Bendin以結尾：C.takein收留,收容：D.handin遞交〔辭呈〕,上交.由空格后的賓語“yourresignationletter〔你的離職信〕〞與句意可知,句子強調(diào)從上交你的離職信到你離開這段時間.應選D.【29題詳解】考查副詞.句意：并且,確定完成你手中正在進行的所有報告.A.Indeed強調(diào)肯定的陳述或答復：B.Therefore因此：C.Also而且,此外：D.However然而.空格后提出的是一個新的建議,與前兩句的建議〔自己把這些細在保密.〕沒有因果、轉(zhuǎn)折與增強語氣的關系,只是并列的兩條建議.應選C.SectionBDiiections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.13*2%AWillitmatterifyoudon'ttakeyourbreakfast?RecentlyatestwasgivenintlieUnitedStates.Thosetestedincludedpeopleofdifferentages,from12to83.Duringtheexperiment,thesepeopleweregivenallkindsofbreakfast,andsometimestheygotnobreakfastatall.Specialtestsweresetuptoseehowwelltlieirbodiesworkedwhentheyhadeatenacertainkindofbreakfast.Theresultsshowthatifapersoneatsaproperbreakfast,heorshewillworkwithbettereffortthanifheorshehasnobreakfast.Thisfactappearstobeespeciallytnieifapersonworkswithhisbrains.Ifastudenteatsfruit,eggs,breadandimlkbeforegomgtoschool,hewilllearnmorequicklyandlistenwithmoreattentioninclass.Contrarytowhatmanypeoplebelieve,peoplebecomesohungryatnoonthattlieyeattoomuchforlunch,andendupgainingweightinsteadoflosing.Youwillprobablylosemoreweiglitifyoureduceothermeals.Thetitleofthepassageshouldbe.theimportanceofbreakfasttheresultofatestbreakfastwillmakeyoucleverbreakfastismoreimportantthanothermealsDurmgthetest,tliosewhoweretestedweregiven.A.nobreakfastatallB.veryrichbreakfastC.littlefoodforbreakfastD.differentfoodsornone.Thepassagementionsthatmanypeoplebelievethatifyoudon'teatbreakfast,youwill.A.loseweightB.notloseweiglitC.behealthierD.gainalotofweight【答案】30.A31.D32.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文.文中通過一個實驗向大家說明了吃早餐的重要性.【30題詳解】主旨大意題.這是一篇說明文,文章第一句就提出了本文要解決的問題“Willitmatterifyoudon'ttakeyoiwbreakfast?〔你不吃早飯有關系嗎?〕〞,并且由實驗結果“Theresultsshowthatifapersoneatsaproperbreak自st,heorshewillworkwithbettereffortthanifheorshehasnobreakfast.〔結果顯示如果吃了適宜的早餐,他或她就會比不吃,J餐的人I'.作的更努力〕"以及"Youwillprobablylosemoreweightifyoureduceothermeals.〔減少其它飯量你可能會減肥.〕“可知,吃早餐時很重要的.結合段首提出的問題以及文中給出的結果可知,本文強調(diào)吃飯的重要性.應選A.【31題詳解】細方理解題0ill文中的“Dunngtheexperiment,thesepeopleweregivenallkindsofbreakfast.andsometimestlieygotnobreakfastatall.〔在實驗中,這些人被給與不同種類的早餐,有時候不給早餐〕〞可知,參加實驗的人員吃不同的早餐或者不吃早餐°應選D.【32題詳解】推理判斷題.由文中的“Contrarytowhatmanypeoplebelieve,peoplebecomesohungryatnoontliattheyeattoomuchforlunch,andendupgainmgweightinsteadoflosing.〔與很多人以為的不同,在中午的時候人們會變的非常餓,以至于午飯吃了太多,結果會變的更重而不是會起到減肥的效果〕〞可知,人們以為的是與這一結果相反的情況,人們以為不吃早飯就能減肥.應選A.【點睹】主旨大意題是篇章閱讀一個主要的考查方式,標題題〔besttitle〕是其一個典型的考點,也是高考閱讀中每年的必考題.主旨大意題解題技巧是不要被文章細節(jié)所干擾.一般有兩種方式解題：一是看首尾段,根據(jù)首尾段內(nèi)容總結主題思想：二是看每段段首句,根據(jù)所有段首句總結主題思想.例如本文中的第一題,這是一篇說明文,文章一開始就用一個問句〔Willitmatterifyoudon,ttakeyourbreakfast?你不吃早飯有關系嗎？〕引出了本文談論的話題：吃早飯有沒有關系？在實驗結果與段落最后的解釋中都處處表達了吃早飯的重要性.結合這問題與答案,可知本文強調(diào)吃早飯的重要性.應選A.BEveryoneneedsfriends.Weallliketofeelclosetosomeone.Itisnicetohaveafriendtotalk,laughanddosomanythingstogetherwith.Surely,therearetimeswhenweneedtobealone.Wedon'talwayswantpeoplearound.Butwewouldfeellonelyifweneverhadafriend.Notwopeoplearethesame.Sometimesfriendsdon'tgetalongwell.Thatdoesn'tmeanthattlieynolongerlikeeachother.Mostofthetunetheywillgoonbemgfriends.Sometimesfriendsmoveaway.Tlieiitheyfeelverysad.Wemissthemverymuch.Butwecancallthemandwritetothem.Maybewewouldneverseethemagain.

Andwecanmakenewfriends.Itissurprisingtofindouthowmuchwelikenewpeoplewhenwegettoknowthem.Familiessometmiesnametheirchildrenafteraclosefriend.Manyplacesarenamedaftermenandwomen,iftheyarefriendlytopeopleintown.Somelibrariesarenamedthisway.Soaresomeschools.Wethinkofthesepeoplewhenwegototheseplaces.There'smoregoodnewsforpeople,iftheyhavefriends.Thesepeoplelivelongerthantliosewhodon*thavefriends.Why?Itcouldbetliattheyarehappier.Beinghappyhelpsyoustaywell.Oritcouldbejustknowingthatsomeonecaresaboutyou.Ifsomeonecaresaboutyou.youtakebettercareofyourself.Whichofthefollowingiswhatthewriterdoesntsayinthepassage?A.Peoplearehappywhentheirfriendsleavetliein.BMaybepeoplewillneverseetheirfriendsaftertlieirfriendsmoveaway.C.Peoplecanknowtheirfriendsindifierentways.D.Peopleliketheirfriendsverymuchiftheygettoknowthem.Whichofthefollowingisdiemostprobableplacepeoplenameafterfriendlypeople?B.Aroom.DB.Aroom.D.AlibraryB.tliatpeopleneedfriendsD.howtonameaplaceC.A\illageThispassagetellsus.A.thatpeopleareallfriendsC.howtogettoknowfriends【答案】33.A34.D35.B【解析】這是一篇說明文.這篇文章主要描述了我們的朋友問題,告訴我們朋友在我們的生活中必不可少.【33題詳解】細1,理解題a文章第二段中的"Sometimesfriendsmoveaway...Maybewewouldneverseetliemagain.〔有時朋友離開了可能我們不會再見到他們〕‘‘與選項B相符合.由第二段中的“Butwecancallthemandwritetothem.〔我們可以給他們打或給他們寫信〕“可知,人們可以用不同的方式了解朋友,與選項C相符合.第二段中的'Itissurprisingtofindouthowmuchwelikenewpeoplewhenwegettoknowthem.〔令人驚訝的是你越了解這些新朋友就會越喜歡他們〕〞與選項D內(nèi)容相符.只有選項A的內(nèi)容文中沒有提到,文中與之相關的內(nèi)容是'Sometimesfiieiidsmoveaway.Thentheyfeelverysad.Wemissthemverymuch.〔有時候朋友法;開了,他們會傷心,我們會很想念他們〕“,并沒有提到當朋友離開時人們會開心.應選A.【34題詳解】細理解題°由文章第三段中的“Manyplacesarenamedaftermenandwomen,iftheyarefriendlytopeopleintown.Somelibrariesarenamedthisway.Soaresomeschools.〔很多地方以對他們很友好的男人或女人的名字命名.一些圖書館是這樣命名的.一些學校也是這樣命名的.〕“可知,以友人的名字命名最多的地方可能是圖書館和學校.應選D.【35題詳解】主旨大意題.這是一篇說明文.文章第一段就點明中央“Everyoneneedsgends.〔每個人都需要朋友.〕“,文章最后一段中“There'smoregoodnewsforpeople,iftheyha<efiiends.〔如果人們有朋友,還有更多的好處〕進一步強調(diào)了有朋友的好處,所以本文主要告訴我們?nèi)藗冃枰笥?應選CIcametostudyintheUnitedStatesayearagoYetIdidnotknowtherealAmericansocietyuntilIwasinjuredinacaraccidentbecauseaftertheaccidentIhadtoseeadoctorandgotocourt.Aftertheaccident.myroommatecalledadoctorforme.Iwasverygratefillanddetenmnedtorepayliinioneday.Butdienextday,heaskedmetopayliim$200forwhathehaddone.Iwasastonished.Hehadgoodreasontochargeme,hesaid.AndifIwantedtocollectmoneyfromthepersonwhowasresponsibleformyuUury,Idhavetohaveagoodlawyer.Andonlyagooddoctorcanhelpmegetagoodlawyer.Nowthathehadhelpedmefindagooddoctor,itwasonlyfairthatIshouldpayhun.ButeverydayIwenttoseethedoctor.Ihadtowaitabout50niniutes.Hewouldseetwoortlireepatientsatthesametime,andoftenstoptreatingonesoastoseeanother.Yethechargedme$115eachtimeThefilialexaminationreportconsistedoftenlines,anditcostme$215.Mylawyerwasallsmilesthefirsttmiewemet.Butafterthatheavoidedseeingmeatall.Heknewverywelltheotherpartywasresponsiblefordieaccident,yethehardlydidanything.Hesimplywaitedtocollecthismoney.HewassoirresponsiblethatIdecidedtodismisshim.AndhemademepayhimS770.NowIhadtoactasmyo\vnlawyer.Duetomyinexperience,ItoldtheinsurancecompanythedateIwasleavingAmerica.Knowingthat,theyplayedfortime...andIleftwithoutgettingacent.Theauthor'sroommateofferedtohelpImnbecause.hefeltsorryfortheauthorhethoughtitwasachancetomakesomemoneyheknewthedoctorwasaverygoodonehewantedtheauthortohaveagoodlawyerTheword^charge'indietliirdparagraphmeans.A.beresponsibleB.accuseC.askasapriceD.claimBothdiedoctorandthelawyer