2019年高考英語(江蘇版)精準(zhǔn)提分練限時訓(xùn)練(九)W版含解析

2019年高考英語(江蘇版)精準(zhǔn)提分練限時訓(xùn)練(九)Word版含解析限時訓(xùn)練(九)Ⅰ.閱讀理解AInspiringyoungminds!TOKNOWMagazineisabighitintheworldofchildren’spublishing，bringingauniquecombinationofchallengingideasandgoodfuntoyoungfanseverymonth.WhatissospecialaboutTOKNOWMagazine?Well，ithasnoadsorpromotionsinside—insteaditisjam-packedwithseriousideas.TOKNOWmakescomplexideasattractiveandaccessibletochildren，whocanbecomeinvolvedinadvancedconceptsandevenphilosophy(哲學(xué))—andtheywillsoondiscoverthatTOKNOWfeelsmorelikeaclubthanjustamagazine.What’sinside?Everymonththemagazineintroducesafreshnewtopicwitharticles,experimentsandcreativethingstomake—themagazinealsoexploresphilosophyandwellbeingtomakesureyoungreadershaveabalancedtakeonlife.Soundstoogoodtobetrue?Takealookonline—evidenceshowsthatthousandsofteachersandparentsknowagoodthingwhentheyseeitandrecommendTOKNOWtotheirfriends.HappyBirthdayAllYear!Whatcouldbemorefunthanagiftthatkeepscomingthroughtheletterboxeverymonth?Thefirstmagazinewithyourgiftmessagewillarriveintimeforthespecialday.SUBSCRIBENOW□AnnualSubscriptionEurope￡55RestofWorld￡65□AnnualSubscriptionwithGiftPackIncludesaMammothMap，aPassportPuzzleBooklet，andSubscriptionEurope￡60RestofWorld￡70RefundPolicy—thesubscriptioncanbecancelledwithin28daysandyoucangetyourmoneyback.語篇解讀本文是一份雜志的征訂廣告。文章介紹了一份針對兒童的出版物——TOKNOWMagazine的特點、內(nèi)容、定價及退訂政策等相關(guān)信息。1．WhyisTOKNOWaspecialmagazine?A．Itentertainsyoungparents.B．Itprovidesseriousadvertisements.C．Itpublishespopularsciencefictions.D．Itcombinesfunwithcomplexconcepts.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。該題可定位至WhatissospecialaboutTOKNOWMagazine？由框中的“TOKNOWmakescomplexideasattractive”可知，這份雜志的特殊之處在于它能把復(fù)雜的概念變得很吸引人，即D項“它把娛樂和復(fù)雜的概念結(jié)合起來了”。2．WhatdoesTOKNOWofferitsreaders?A．Onlinecourses.B．Articlesonnewtopics.C．Lecturesonabalancedlife.D．Reportsonscientificdiscoveries.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段右框內(nèi)容可知，該雜志每月提出一個新話題，并配以文章、實驗和創(chuàng)新的東西，故選B項“關(guān)于新話題的文章”。3．Howmuchshouldyoupayifyoumakea12-monthsubscriptiontoTOKNOWwithgiftpackfromChina?A．￡55.

B．￡60.C．￡65.

D．￡70.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由題干中的幾個關(guān)鍵點12-month(即annual“一年的”)、withgiftpack及fromChina(即RestofWorld)可鎖定價格為70英鎊，故選D項。4．SubscribersofTOKNOWwouldget.A．freebirthdaypresentsB．fullrefundwithin28daysC．membershipoftheTOKNOWclubD．chancestomeettheexpertsinperson答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一句的退訂政策可知，訂閱者在28天內(nèi)可退訂并收回全款，故選B項。BAteverystageofourliveswemakedecisionsthatwilldeeplyinfluencethelivesofthepeoplewe’regoingtobecome，andthenwhenwebecomethosepeople，we’renotalwaysthrilledwiththedecisionswemade.Soyoungpeoplepaygoodmoneytogettattoos(文身)removedthatteenagerspaidgoodmoneytoget.Middle-agedpeoplerushtodivorcepeoplewhomtheyrushedtomarrywhentheywereyoungadults.Olderadultsworkhardtolosewhatmiddle-agedadultsworkedhardtogain.Thequestionis，asapsychologist，whatfascinatesmeiswhywemakesuchdecisions.Now，Ithinkoneofthereasonsisthatwehaveafundamentalmisconceptionaboutthepoweroftime.Everyoneofyouknowsthattherateofchangeslowsoverthehumanlifespan，andthatyourchildrenseemtochangebytheminutebutyourparentsseemtochangebytheyear.Theansweristhatallofusarewalkingaroundwithanillusion(錯覺)，anillusionthathistory，ourpersonalhistory，hasjustcometoanend，thatwehavejustrecentlybecomethepeoplethatwewerealwaysmeanttobeandwillbefortherestofourlives.Here’swhatwefound.Firstofall，youareright，changedoesslowdownasweage，butsecond，you’rewrong，becauseitdoesn’tslownearlyasmuchaswethink.Ateveryage，from18to68inourdataset，peoplevastlyunderestimatedhowmuchchangetheywouldexperienceoverthenext10years.Wecallthisthe“endofhistory”illusion.Nowit’snotjustvalues.It’sallsortsofotherthings，forexample，personality.Againtherateofchangedoesretardasweage，butateveryage，peopleunderestimatehowmuchtheirpersonalitieswillchangenextdecade.Anditisn’tjustthingslikevaluesandpersonalities.Youcanaskpeopleabouttheirlikesanddislikes，theirbasicpreferences.Andwefounditchanged.Doesanyofthismatter？Isthisjustaformofmis-predictionthatdoesn’thaveconsequences？No，itmattersquiteabit，andI’llgiveyouanexampleofwhy.Ittroublesourdecision-makinginimportantways.Bringtomindrightnowforyourselfyourfavoritemusiciantodayandyourfavoritemusician10yearsago.Onaverage，peoplesaidtheywouldpay129dollarstoseetheircurrentfavoritemusicianperformfor10yearsfromnow.Andyet，whenweaskedthemhowmuchtheywouldpaytoseethepersonwhowastheirfavorite10yearsagoperformtoday，theysayonly80dollars.Whydoesthishappen？We’renotentirelysure，butitprobablyhastodowiththeeaseofrememberingversusthedifficultyofimagining.Mostofuscanrememberwhowewere10yearsago，butwefindithardtoimaginewhomwe’regoingtobe，andthenwemistakenlythinkthatbecauseit’shardtoimagine，it’snotlikelytohappen.Thebottomlineisthattimeisapowerfulforce.Ittransformsourpreferences.Itreshapesourvalues.Itchangesourpersonalities.Weseemtoappreciatethisfact，butonlyinretrospect(回顧過去)．Onlywhenwelookbackwardsdowerealizehowmuchchangehappensinadecade.It’sasif，formostofus，thepresentisamagictime.It’sawatershed(分水嶺)onthetimeline.It’sthemomentatwhichwefinallybecomeourselves.Humanbeingswhoarestillintheprogressofdevelopmentmistakenlythinkthey’refinished.Theoneconstantinourlifeischange.語篇解讀生命的每個階段，我們都會做出一些決定，這些決定會深刻影響我們未來的生活。當(dāng)我們成為未來的自己時，我們可能會對曾經(jīng)的決定后悔。這是為什么呢？5．Whatcanweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A．We’realwayssatisfiedwithourpastdecisions.B．Wemakedecisionsthatourfutureselvesoftenregret.C．Wealwaysmakeregrettabledecisionswhenweareold.D．Wemakedifferentdecisionsateverystageofourlives.答案B解析推理判斷題。第一段談到：在我們生命的每個階段，我們都會做出一些決定，這些決定會深刻影響未來我們自己的生活。當(dāng)我們成為未來的自己時，我們并不總是對過去做過的決定感到高興。所以年輕人花很多錢洗去自己少年時花了很多錢做的文身；中年人急著跟年輕時迫不及待想結(jié)婚的人離婚；老年人很努力地?fù)]霍著作為中年人時不停工作所獲得的東西。由此推知，我們會做出讓未來的自己經(jīng)常后悔的決定。6．Whatdoestheillusionbringtous?A．Itmakesusoverestimateourfuture.B．Itstopsusfromchangingallthetime.C．Itmakesushaveafalsefeelingthatwearechanging.D．Itmakesusmistakenlybelievethatourpastisover.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，答案是我們所有人都在圍繞著一種錯覺生活，這種錯覺就是，我們每個人的過去都已經(jīng)結(jié)束了，我們已經(jīng)成為了我們應(yīng)該成為的那種人，在余下的生命中也都會如此。故這種錯覺使我們錯誤地認(rèn)為過去已經(jīng)結(jié)束了。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“retard”

inPara.3mean?A．Stop.

B．Stabilize.C．Speed.

D．Slow.答案D解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在段的第二句可知，變化速率隨著我們的年齡增長減慢了。故retard意為“減緩，變慢”與slow同義。8．Whatcanbeinferredfromthefourthparagraph?A．Whatpeoplepredictisnotcorrect.B．Wealwaysmakeourdecisionsinatroubledway.C．Weoverestimateourcurrentpreferences’stability.D．Peoplepaymoretoseetheirfavoritemusiciansnow.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后三句可知，現(xiàn)在想想你們此時此刻最喜歡的音樂人，還有10年前你們最喜歡的音樂人。平均來講，人們會說他們會付129美元來參加他們現(xiàn)在最喜歡的音樂人從現(xiàn)在起直到10年后的音樂會。然而當(dāng)我們問他們愿意付多少錢去看他們10年前喜歡的音樂人現(xiàn)在的演出，他們說只有80美元。由此推知，我們高估了當(dāng)前喜好的持久性。9．What’sthelastingelementinhumans’life?A．Thevalue.

B．Thechange.C．Thepreference.

D．Thepersonality.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段前四句和最后一句可知，生命中最持久的是改變。CDuringourchildhood，likeeveryotherhuman，wetakeeverythingpersonally.Thehumanjudgmentcenterisintheprefrontalcortex(前額皮質(zhì))，whichdoesnotfullydevelopuntilhumansareintheirlateadolescence.So，aschildren，wewillalwaysjumptotheconclusionsthateverythingisaboutus.Wethinkweareresponsibleforeverything.Yet，nothingthatotherpeopledoisbecauseofus.Itisbecauseofthem.Wemayhavetriedourbest，withourdevelopingbrain，tomakesenseoutoftheeventsinourlife.Theseexplanationsareoftenpushedonusbythepeoplewelove.Therefore，wecometobelievethatsincetheyloveus，theywouldnotbehurtfulunlessitistrue.Theendresultisthatasanadult，wecontinuetothinktheworstaboutourownabilitiesbasedontheseearlyemotionallessons，automaticthoughts，anddistortedperceptions(扭曲的認(rèn)識)oflife.Peopleallplayrolesintheirfamily，fromfatherormother，tosonordaughtertohusbandorwife.Whenchildrengrowupmismanagingtheiranger，itmaybeareflectionontheirfamily’sproblemwithangermanagement.Theseacquiredperceptionsshapetheircharacterandcandeterminetheirpointofviewfortherestoftheirlives.Thereisthepleasingchildwhowouldn’tthinkofbecomingindependent，forfearofdispleasinghisrelatives.Thereistherebelwholeavesthefamily，butwillre-enact(重現(xiàn))theterriblepainofhischildhoodwithhisownfamilymemberswhentheycomealong.Thereistheabandonedchildwhostaysathome，notoutofloveandsomethingelse，butbecauseheismoreafraidofbeingaloneandabandonedthanheisofhisparents’abusivebehavior.Thereisthevictimwhocan’tleavebecausethenhis/hersufferingmightstopandhis/heridentitywouldbelost.Theadultchildrenmayhavegrownupplayingtheroleofascapegoat(替罪羊)，pleaserorfamilyvictim.They’renowseekingtooutgrow(因長大而不再……)theseunhappychildhoodroles，buttheirfamilymemberscontinuetotreatthemasiftheywerestilleightyearsold.Theydon’twantthemtooutgrowtheirpainfulroles.Theirbrothersandsistersareafraidtheymighthavetochangetoo.Incounseling(心理咨詢)thegoalistohelpclientsfromfamilieswithmismanagedangertoidentifyandreplacethenegativeangerfromthepastwithmorecon-structive，healthierones.Thefirststepinthisprocessistoacknowledgetheyareangryattheirparents，theirsiblings(brothersandsisters)，otherfamilymembers，andespeciallyatthemselves.Thentheytakestepstodrainangerfromthepastoutoftheirsystemssopositivitycansurfaceandtheirself-respectcanreappear.Self-respectingpeoplearen’tguiltyofacrime—theyaremerelyimperfect.Theyarenotworthlessorinferior(低人一等的)，andtheyareequalmembersofthehumanrace.Theydonotdeservetosuffer；theydeservetotakelifeasitcomes.Whensufferingdoescome，theyworkthroughitasbestastheycan.Itisnotapunishmentfortheir“guilt”．Theydonotneedtomaketheirsufferingworsethanitneedstobe.語篇解讀來自家庭的怨怒，對孩子心理的創(chuàng)傷極大，容易使他們形成不良的個性，更會影響他們的一生！10．Whydochildrentendtotakeeverythingpersonally?A．Becausethey’reoldenoughtobeself-respecting.B．Becausetheirparentsencouragethemtodoso.C．Becausetheyprobablyliveinafamilywithlittlelove.D．Becausetheirprefrontalcortexdoesn’tfullydevelop.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二、三句可知，前額皮質(zhì)發(fā)育不全的青少年就很容易會有這種非常自我的情緒反應(yīng)。11．Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“itistrue”？A．Parentsmayreallyhurtus.B．Somethingisreallyaboutus.C．Parentsreallyloveusverymuch.D．Wemakesenseoutoftheevents.答案B解析句意猜測題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，(我們這些)孩子總是容易認(rèn)為周圍發(fā)生的一切都與自己有關(guān)。然而，其他人所做的一切都不是因為我們，而是因為他們自己，這些解釋和說法經(jīng)常被我們所愛的人推到我們身上。由此可推知：我們相信既然他們是愛自己的，他們就不會傷人，除非我們“真的與那些(不好的)事有關(guān)”。12．Whatcanweknowaboutthosewhogrowupmismanagingtheiranger?A．They’llbepunishedbyparentsfortheirbadtemper.B．They’lltrytheirbesttolivebetterinthefuture.C．Theirfamilymembersmayhavethesamepotentialproblems.D．Theywanttoforgettheseexperienceswhentheygrowup.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句可知，如果一個孩子長大的過程中對自己的憤怒處理不當(dāng)，那么他的家人也可能有潛在的同樣的問題。13．Accordingtothepassage，afterthefamilyvictimsgrowup，.A．theirparentsfinallyrealizetheirownmistakesB．theirsiblingsareunwillingtorespectthemC．theirfamilymemberstendtotreatthemasbeforeD．theirbehaviorsappeartochangecompletely答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段前兩句可知，當(dāng)這些家庭中的受害者長大之后，他們的家庭成員傾向于像以前一樣對待他們。14．Whatisthefirststepforustoresolvetheproblemofangermanagement?A．Honestyisthepolicy.B．Trytobeself-confident.C．Bebravetoleavethefamily.D．Learntobeindependentathome.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句可知，這個過程的第一步是承認(rèn)他們對父母、兄弟姐妹以及其他家庭成員，尤其是他們自己感到憤怒。由此可知，解決此問題的第一步就是承認(rèn)和面對現(xiàn)實，換句話說，誠實是上策。Ⅱ.任務(wù)型閱讀Chronicdisorganization(慢性失序癥)occurswhenoneishabituallydisorganizedoveralongperiod，whichmeansthepersonisconstantlyunsystematicinhowheconductslifeandbusiness.Onesufferingfromthisproblemmayfindreliefinthefactthatitisn’tactuallyadiseaseorevenan“official”disorder.It’sthecontinuedlackoforganizationinone’slife.Someonemaybecomeaddictedtocollectingacertainthingyetneverorganizethecollectionasitgrowsoutofcontrol.Thiscanespeciallybeaproblemforthosewithalotoftimeandmoneyathand，yettheproblemcanbeseriousforanytypeofpersoninawidevarietyofsituations.One’spersonalattitudecanoftenbeabigpartofwhythechronicdisorganizationexists.Oncetheattitudeofacceptanceaboutbeinga“slob”isinsomeone’shead，it’shardtoberemoved.Ifsomeonetellshimselfthatheisaslob，hewilllikelyliveuptothatself-imagecreatedbyhimselforbythosearoundhim.Onefirstreceivestrueawarenessofthedisorderofchronicdisorganizationwhenitstartstonegativelyaffectrelationshipswithfriendsandfamilymembers.Everybodybecomesaffectedbythissituation，especiallythosesharinglivingplaceswiththeoneinvolved.TheNationalStudyGroupforChronicDisorganization(NSGCD)recommendsthatonegethelpthroughaprofessionalorganizer.Thestudyfoundthatallofthesubjectsinthestudyhadproblemswithmakingdecisions.Therewerevariedreasonsgivenforthisproblemofdecision-making.Amongthemwerefearsandprioritizingissues.Researchisongoingforthelinkbetweenproblemsindecision-makingandchronicdisorganization.Chronicdisorganizationoftenbeginswithsituationaldisorganization，somethingmostpeopleexperienceatsomepoint.Someonewhohaslostsomeonesignificanttohimmaystarttobetroubledbydisorganizationafteradivorce.Someonewhoexperiencedchangesinlifeandinhiscareermayintendtoletthingslikeorganizationandorderfallbythewayside.However，onedoesn’tinstantlyhavechronicdisorganization.“Ifyou’regoingthroughhell，keepgoing.”That’sanoldsayingthat’strueaboutone’sstruggleswithchronicdisorganization.Everypersonhasthepowertochangewithinhimself.It’samatterofstayingorganized，onedayatatime.Thosewhohaveleftchronicdisorganizationinthepasthaveoftendonesobypromisingtostayorganizedsimplyforthatsingleday.Title：ChronicDisorganizationDefinitionItmeansthatthepersonhasa(n)15.ofbeingdisorganizedinlifeandbusinessoveralongperiod.1