2016年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)第一套真題和答案

2016年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)試題（第一套）。PartI（30minutes）Writing（請(qǐng)于正式開考后半小時(shí)內(nèi)完成該部分，之后將進(jìn)行聽力考試）Directions：Forthispart，youareallowed30minutestowriteanessay.Supposeyouaretwooptionsupongraduation：oneistofindajobsomewhereandtheothertostartabusinessofyourown.Youaretomakeachoicebetweenthetwo.Writeanessaytoexplainthereasonsforyourchoice.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIListeningComprehension（25minutes）SectionADirections：Inthissection，youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport，youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion，youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA），B），C）.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswersheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejusttheheard.1.A）Itwasdangeroustolivein.B）Itwasgoingtoberenovated.C）Hecouldnolongerpaytherent.D）Hehadsoldittotheroyalfamily.2.A）Astrike.B）Astorm.C）Aforestfire.D）ATerroristattack.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A）Theylostcontactwiththeemergencydepartment.3.B）Theyweretrappedinanundergroundelevator.C）Theywereinjuredbysuddenlyfallingrocks.D）Theysentcallsforhelpviaaportableradio.4.A）Theytriedhardtorepairtheaccident.B）Theyreleasedthedetailsoftheaccident.C）Theysentsuppliestokeeptheminerswarm.D）Theyprovidedtheminerwithfoodandwater.Question5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.A）Raisepostagerates.C）Redesigndeliveryroutes.B）Improveitsservices.D）Closesomeofitspostoffices.6.A）Shorteningbusinesshours.B）Closingofficesonholidays.A）ManypostofficestaffwilllosetheirjobsC）StoppingmaildeliveryonSaturdays.D）Computerizingmailsortingprocesses.7.B）ManypeoplewillbegintocomplainC）TaxpayerswillbeverypleasedD）AlotofcontroversywillariseSectionBDirections：Inthissection，youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation，youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion，youmustchoosethebestanswerfromfourchoicemarkedA），B），C）andD）.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteranAnswersheet1withasinglelinethoughthecentre.Question8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.A）Hewillbekeptfrompromotion.C）Hewillbegivenawarning.B）Hewillgothroughretraining.D）Hewilllosepartofhispay.9.A）Heisalwaysontime.C）Heisanexperiencedpressoperator.D）Heisongoodtermswithhisworkmates.B）Heistrustworthyguy.10.A）Sheisatradeunionrepresentative.C）Sheisaseniormanageroftheshop.B）Sheisinchargeofpublicrelation.D）Sheisbetterathandingsuchmatters.11.A）Heisskilledandexperienced.C）Heisalwaystryingtostiruptrouble.B）Heisveryclosetothemanager.D）Heisalwayscomplainingaboutlowwages.Question12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A）Open.B）Friendly.C）Selfish.D）Reserved.13.A）Theystayquiet.B）Theyreadabook.C）TheytalkabouttheweatherD）Theychatwithfellowpassengers.14.A）Shewasalwaystreatedasaforeigner.B）ShewaseagertovisitanEnglishcastle.C）Shewasneverinvitedtoacolleague’shome.D）Shewasunwillingtomakefriendswithworkmates.15.A）Housearemuchmorequiet.C）Theywanttohavemorespace.B）Housesprovidemoreprivacy.D）Theywantagardenoftheirown.SectionCDirections：Inthissection，youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage，youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion，youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA），B），C）andD）.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A）Theydon’thavemuchchoiceofjobs.B）Theyarelikelytogetmuchhigherpay.C）Theydon’thavetogothroughjobinterviews.D）Theywillautomaticallybegivenhiringpriority.17.A）Asktheirprofessorsforhelp.C）Visittheschoolcareersservices.B）Lookatschoolbulletinboards.D）Gothroughcampusnewspapers.18.A）Helpingstudentsfindthebooksandjournalstheyneed.B）Supervisingstudyspacestoensureaquietatmosphere.C）Helpingstudentsarrangeappointmentswithlibrarians.D）Providingstudentswithinformationaboutthelibrary.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A）Ittastesbetter.B）Itiseasiertogrow.C）Itmaybesoldatahigherprice.D）Itcanbettersurviveextremeweathers.20.A）Itishealthierthangreentea.C）Itwillreplacegreenteaoneday.D）Itisimmunetovariousdiseases.B）Itcangrowindriersoil.21.A）Ithasbeenwellreceivedbymanyteadrinkers.B）Itdoesnotbringthepromisedhealthbenefits.C）Ithasmadeteafarmers’lifeeasier.D）Itdoesnothaveastablemarket.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A）Theyneeddecorationstoshowtheirstatus.B）Theypreferuniqueobjectsofhighquality.C）Theydecoratetheirhomesthemselves.D）Theycaremoreaboutenvironment.23.A）Theywereproudoftheircreations.B）Theycouldonlytrytocreateatnight.C）Theymadegreatcontributionstosociety.D）Theyfocusedonthequalityoftheirproducts.24.A）Makewisechoices.C）Designhandicraftsthemselves.D）Learntheimportanceofcreation.B）Identifyfakecrafts.25.A）Toboostthelocaleconomy.C）Toarousepublicinterestincrafts.B）Toattractforeigninvestments.D）Topreservethetraditionalculture.PARTⅢSectionAReadingComprehension（40minutes）Directions：Inthissection，thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Whensomeonecommitsacriminalact,wealwayshopethepunishmentwillmatchtheoffense.Butwhenitcomestooneofthecruelestcrimes—animalfighting—things26workoutthatway.Dogfightingvictimsare27andkilledforprofitand“sport,”yettheircriminalabusersoftenreceivea28sentenceforcausingalifetimeofpain.Roughlyhalfofallfederally-convictedanimalfightersonlygetprobation(緩刑).Someprogresshasbeenmadeintheprosecution(起訴)ofanimalfighters.ButfederaljudgesoftenrelyheavilyontheU.S.SentencingGuidelineswhenthey29penalties,andinthecaseofanimalfighting,thoseguidelinesareoutdatedandextremely30.TheU.S.SentencingCommission,which31thesesentencingguidelines,isrevisitingthem,proposingtoraisetheminimumsentencefrom6-12to21-27months.Thisisastepintheright32,butwe’dliketoseetheU.S.SentencingCommissionmakefurtherguidelines.Simultaneoustothiseffort,we’reworkingwithanimaladvocatesandstateandfederallawmakersto33anti-crueltylawsacrossthecountry,aswellassupportinglawsandpoliciesthatassistoverburdenedanimal34thatcareforanimalfightingvictims.Thishelpis35importantbecausethehighcostofcaringforanimalvictimsisamajordeterrenttointerveningincrueltycasesinthefirstplace.A)convenientB)createsC)criticallyD)determineE)directionF)hesitateK)rarelyG)inadequateH)inspiredI)methodL)sheltersM)strengthenN)sufferingsO)torturedJ)minimalSectionBDirections：Inthissection，youaregongingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheet2.WhenWorkBecomesaGame[A]Whatmotivatesemployeestodotheirjobswell?Competitionwithcoworkers,forsome.Thepromiseofrewards,forothers.Pureenjoymentofproblem-solving,foraluckyfew.[B]Increasingly,companiesaretappingintothesedesiresdirectlythroughwhat’scometobeknownas“gamification:”essentially,turningworkintoagame.“Gamificationisaboutunderstandingwhatitisthatmakesgamesengagingandwhatgamedesignersdotocreateagreatexperienceingames,andtakingthoselearningsandapplyingthemtoothercontextssuchastheworkplaceandeducation,”explainsKevinWerbach,agamificationexpertwhoteachesattheWhartonSchoolofBusinessattheUniversityofPennsylvaniaintheUnitedStates..[C]Itmightmeanmonitoringemployeeproductivityonadigitalleaderboardandofferingprizestothewinners,orgivingemployeesdigitalbadgesorstarsforcompletingcertainactivities.Itcouldalsomeantrainingemployeeshowtodotheirjobsthroughvideogameplatforms.CompaniesfromGoogletoIBMtoWellsFargoareknowntousesomedegreeofgamificationintheirworkplaces.Andmoreandmorecompaniesarejoiningthem.Arecentreportsuggeststhattheglobalgamificationmarketwillgrowfrom$1.65billionin2015to$11.1billionby2020.[D]Theconceptofgamificationisnotentirelynew,Werbachsays.Companies,marketersandteachershavelonglookedforfunwaystoengagepeople’sreward-seekingorcompetitivespirits.CrackerJackshasbeen“gamifying”itssnackfoodbyputtingasmallprizeinsideformorethan100years,headds,andtheturn-of-the-centurysteelmagnateCharlesSchwabissaidtohaveoftencomeintohisfactoryandwrittenthenumberoftonsofsteelproducedonthepastshiftonthefactoryfloor,thusmotivatingthenextshiftofworkerstobeatthepreviousone.[E]Buttheword“gamification”andthewidespread,consciousapplicationoftheconceptonlybeganinearnestaboutfiveyearsago,Werbachsays.Thanksinparttovideogames,thegenerationnowenteringtheworkforceisespeciallyopentotheideaofhavingtheirworkgamified.“We’reatapointwhereinmuchofthedevelopedworldthevastmajorityofyoungpeoplegrewupplaying[video]games,andanincreasinglyhighpercentageofadultsplaythesevideogamestoo,”Werbachsays.[F]Anumberofcompanieshavesprungup—GamEffective,BunchballandBadgeville,tonameafew—inrecentyearsofferinggamificationplatformsforbusinesses.Theplatformsthataremosteffectiveturnemployees’ordinaryjobtasksintopartofarichadventurenarrative.“Whatmakesagamegame-likeisthattheplayeractuallycaresabouttheoutcome,”Werbachsays.“Theprincipleisunderstandingwhatismotivatingtothisgroupofplayers,whichrequiressomeunderstandingofpsychology.”[G]Somepeople,Werbachsays,aremotivatedbycompetition.Salespeopleoftenfallintothiscategory.Forthem,therightkindofgamificationmightbeturningtheirsalespitchesintoacompetitionwithotherteammembers,completewithadigitalleaderboardshowingwho’swinningatalltimes.Othersaremoremotivatedbycollaborationandsocialexperiences.OnecompanyWerbachhasstudiedusesgamificationtocreateasenseofcommunityandboostemployeemorale.Whenemployeeslogintotheircomputers,they’reshownapictureofoneoftheircoworkersandaskedtoguessthatperson’sname.[H]Gamificationdoesnothavetobedigital.MonicaCornettirunsacompanythatgamifiesemployeetrainings.Sometimesthisinvolvestechnology,butoftenitdoesnot.Sherecentlydesignedagamificationstrategyforasalestrainingcompanywithastorm-chasingtheme.Employeesformed“stormchaserteams”andcompetedinstorm-themededucationalexercisestoearnvariousrewards.“Rewardsdon’thavetobestuff,”Cornettisays.“Rewardscanbeflextime.Rewardscanbeextensiontime.”Anothertraining,thisoneforpayrolllaw,usedaSnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarfstheme.SnowWhiteispublicdomain,butthedwarfsarestillundercopyright,soCornettiinventedsound-alikecharacters(GrumpyGus,DopeyDan)toillustratespecificpayrolllawprinciples.[I]Somepeopledon’ttakeasnaturallytogamifiedworkenvironments,Cornettisays.Inherexperience,peopleinpositionsofpowerorpeopleinfinanceorengineeringdon’ttendtolikethesoundoftheword.“Ifwe’redesigningforengineers,I’mnottalkingabouta‘game’atall,”Cornettisays.“I’mtalkingabouta‘simulation,’I’mtalkingabout‘beingabletosolvethisproblem.”[J]Gamificationis“notamagicbullet,”Werbachcautions.Agamificationstrategythat’snotsufficientlythoughtthroughortailoredtoitsplayersmayengagepeopleforalittlewhile,butitwon’tmotivateinthelongterm.Itcanalsobeexploitative,especiallywhenusedwithvulnerablepopulations.Forworkers,especiallylow-paidworkers,whodesperatelyneedtheirjobsyetknowtheycanbeeasilyreplaced,gamificationmayfeelmoreliketheHungerGames.WerbachgivestheexampleofseveralDisneylandhotelsinAnaheim,California,whichusedlargedigitalleaderboardstodisplayhowefficientlylaundryworkerswereworkingcomparedtooneanother.Someemployeesfoundtheboardmotivating.Toothers,itwastheoppositeoffun.Somebegantoskipbathroombreaks,worriedthatiftheirproductivityfelltheywouldbefired.Pregnantemployeesstruggledtokeepup.InaLosAngelesTimesarticle,oneemployeereferredtotheboardasa“digitalwhip.”“Itactuallyhadaverynegativeeffectonmoraleandperformance,”Werbachsays.[K]Still,gamificationonlystandstobecomemorepopular,hesays,“asmoreandmorepeoplecomeintotheworkforcewhoareintuitivelyfamiliarwiththestructuresandexpressionsofdigitalgames.”“Wearewayaheadofthetippingpoint,”Cornettiagrees.“There’snoreasonthiswillgoaway.”36.somefamouscompaniesarealreadyusinggamificationandmorearetryingtodothesame.37.Gamificationisnotamiraclecureforallworkplacesasitmayhavenegativeresults.38.Toenhancemorale,onecompanyasksitsemployeestoidentifytheirfellowworkswhenstartingtheircomputers.39.Theideaofgamificationwaspracticedbysomebusinessesmorethanacenturyago.40.Thereisareasontobelievethatgamificationwillbeheretostay.41.Videogamescontributedinsomewaystothewideapplicationofgamification.42.Whenturningworkintoagame,itisnecessarytounderstandwhatmakesgamesinteresting.43.Gamificationinemployeetrainingdoesnotalwaysneedtechnology.44.Themostsuccessfulgamificationplatformstransformdailyworkassignmentsintofunexperiences.45.Itisnecessarytousetermsotherthan“gamification”forsomeprofessions.SectionCDirections：Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmakedA），B），C）andD）.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.RecentlyIattendedseveralmeetingswherewetalkedaboutwaystoretainstudentsandkeepyoungerfacultymembersfromgoingelsewhere.Itseemshighereducationhasbecomeanindustryofmeeting-holderswhosetaskitisto"solve"problems-realorimagined.Andinmypositionasaprofessoratthreedifferentcolleges,theactualproblemsineducatingouryoungpeopleandolderstudentshavedeepened,whilethenumberofpeoplehired-nottoteachbuttoholdmeetings-hasincreasedsignificantly.Everynewproblemcreatesanewjobforanadministrativefixer.TakeourCenterforTeachingExcellence.Contrarytoitstitle,thecenterisaclearinghouse(信息交流中心)forusingtechnologyinclassroomsandinonlinecourses.It'sanadministrativesham(欺詐)ofthekindthathasmultipliedoverthelast30years.Iofferasimplepropositioninresponse:Manyofourproblems-classattendance,educationalsuccess,studenthappinessandwell-being-mightbeimprovedbycuttingdownthebureaucratic(官僚的)mechanismsandmeetingsandinsteadhiringanarmyofgoodteachers.lfwereplacedhalfofouradministrativestaffwithclassroomteachers,wemightactuallygetamajorityofourclassesbackto20orfewerstudentsperteacherThiswouldbeanenvironmentinwhichteachersandstudentsactuallykneweachother.Theteachersmustbefreetoteachintheirownway-thecurriculumshouldbeflexibleenoughsothattheycanusetheirindividualtalentstoachievethegoalsofthecourse.Additionally;theyshouldbeallowedtoteach,andberewardedfordoingitwell.Teachersarenotpeoplewhoaregreatatandconsumedbyresearchandhappentoappearinaclassroom.Goodteachingandresearcharenotexclusive,buttheyarealsonotautomaticcompanions.Teachingisanartandacraft,talentandpractice;itisnotsomethingthatjustanyonecanbegoodat.Itisutterlyconfusingtomethatpeopledonotrecognizethis,despitethefactthatprettymuchanyonewhohasbeenastudentcantellthedifferencebetweentheirbestandworstteachers.46.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutpresent-dayuniversities?A)Theyareeffectivelytacklingrealorimaginedproblems.B)Theyoftenfailtocombineteachingwithresearch.C)Theyareover-burdenedwithadministrativestaff.D)Theylacktalenttofixtheirdeepeningproblems.47.Accordingtotheauthor,whatkindofpeopledouniversitieslackmost?A)Goodclassroomteachers.C)Talentedresearchers.B)Efficientadministrators.D)Motivatedstudents.48.Whatdoestheauthorimplyabouttheclassesatpresent?A)Theyfacilitatestudentsindependentlearning.B)Theyhelpstudentsformcloserrelationships.C)Theyhavemoreolderstudentsthanbefore.D)Theyaremuchbiggerthanisdesirable.49.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofteachingability?A)Itrequirestalentandpractice.B)Itiscloselyrelatedtoresearch.C)Itisachieffactoraffectingstudents'learning.D)Itcanbeacquiredthroughpersistentpractice.50.Whatistheauthor’ssuggestionforimprovinguniversityteaching?A)Creatinganenvironmentforteacherstoshare'theirteachingexperiences.B)Hiringmoreclassroomteachersandallowingthemtoteachintheirownway.C)Usinghightechnologyinclassroomsandpromotingexchangeofinformation.D)Cuttingdownmeetingsandencouragingadministrativestafftogotoclassrooms.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thesecrettoeatinglessandbeinghappyaboutitmayhavebeencrackedyearsago-byMcDonald's.AccordingtoanewstudyfromCornellUniversity'sFoodandBrandLab,smallnon-foodrewards-likethetoysinMcDonald'sHappyMeals-stimulatethesamerewardcentersinthebrainasfooddoes.Theresearchers,ledbyMartinReimann,carriedoutaseriesofexperimentstoseeifpeoplewouldchooseasmallermealifitwaspairedwithanon-fooditems.Theyfoundthatthemajorityofbothkidsandadultsoptedforahalf-sizedportionwhencombinedwithaprize.Bothoptionswerepricedthesame.Evenmoreinterestingisthatthepromiseofafuturerewardwasenoughtomakeadultschoosethesmallerportion.\Oneoftheprizesusedwasalotteryticket（彩票）,witha$10,$50or$100payout,andthiswasaseffectiveasatangiblegiftinpersuadingpeopletoeatless."Thefactthatparticipantswerewillingtosubstitutepartofafooditemforthemereprospectofarelativelysmallmonetaryawardisinteresting.”saysReimann.Hetheorizesthatitistheemotionalcomponentoftheseintangibleprizesthatmakethemeffective.Infact,vaguely-statedpossibilitiesofwinningaprizeweremoreeffectivethanoptionswithhardoddsincluded.“Oneexplanationforthisfindingisthatpossibleawardsmaybemoreemotionallyprovokingthancertaintyawards,"saysReimann."Theuncertaintyofwinningprovidesaddedattractionanddesirabilitythroughemotional‘thrills.'Thepossibilityofreceivinganawardalsoproducesastateofhope一astatethatisinitselfpsychologicallyrewarding·"Inotherwords,there’sareasonwhypeopleliketogambleHowmightit’sknowledgebeusedtohelppeopleeatmorehealthily?Onepossibilityisahealthythatoffersthechancetowinaspa(溫泉療養(yǎng))weekend.Ormaybetherewardofahalf-sizedportioncouldbeahalf-sizeddesserttobeclaimedonlyonafuturedate.Thatwouldgetyoubackintherestaurant-andmakeyoueatalittleless.51.WhatdowelearnaboutMcDonald’sinclusionoftoysinitsHappyMeals?A)Itmayshedlightonpeople’sdesiretocrackasecret.B)IthasprovedtobekeytoMcDonald’sbusinesssuccess.C)Itappealstokid’scuriositytofindoutwhatishiddeninside.D)Itmaybeapleasantwayforkidstoreducetheirfoodintake.52.WhatisthefindingoftheresearchersledbyMartinReimann?A)ReducingfoodintakeisnotthatdifficultifpeoplegotoMcDonald’smore.B)Mostkidsandadultsdon’tactuallyfeelhungrywhentheyeathalfoftheirmeal.C)Eatingasmallerdoesgoodtothehealthofkidsandadultsalike.D)Mostkidsandadultswouldchooseasmallermealthatcamewithanon-fooditem.53.WhatismostinterestinginMartinReimann’sfinding?A)Kidspreferredanawardintheformofmoneytooneintheformofatoy.B)AdultschosethesmallerportiononthemerepromiseofafutureawardC)Bothkidsandadultsfeltsatisfiedwithonlyhalfoftheirmealportions.D)Neitherchildrennoradultscouldresistthetemptationofafreetoy.54.HowdoesMartinReimanninterprethisfinding?A)Theemotionalcomponentoftheprizesisatwork.B)Peoplenowcaremoreaboutqualitythanquantity.C)Peopleprefercertaintyawardstopossibleawards.D)Thedesireforafuturerewardisoverwhelming.55.WhatcanweinferfromMartinReimann’sfinding?A)·Peopleshouldeatmuchlessifthey·wishtostayhealthyandhappy.B)MorefastfoodrestaurantsarelikelytofollowMcDonald’sexample.C)Wecanleadpeopletoeatlesswhilehelpingtherestaurantbusiness.D)Morestudiesareneededtofindouttheimpactofemotiononbehavior.PartIVTranslation（30minutes）Directions：Forthispart，youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.在中國(guó)文化中，紅色通常象征著好運(yùn)、長(zhǎng)壽和幸福.在春節(jié)和其他喜慶場(chǎng)合，紅色到處可見(jiàn).人們把現(xiàn)金作為禮物送給家人或親密朋友時(shí)，通常放在紅色信封里.紅色在中國(guó)流行的另一個(gè)原因是人們把它與中國(guó)革命和共產(chǎn)黨相聯(lián)系.然而，紅色并不總是代表好運(yùn)和快樂(lè).因?yàn)閺乃狼罢呙滞ǔＳ眉t色書寫，用紅墨水書寫中國(guó)人名被看成是一種冒犯行為.2016年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)答案（第一套）Part1writing(30minutes)破題思路：第一段：話題描述.第二段：表明觀點(diǎn)+闡述原因.第三段：觀點(diǎn)結(jié)論.參考范文：(選擇就業(yè)還是創(chuàng)業(yè))FindingaJobFirstUpongraduation，virtuallyallcollegestudentswillconfronttheproblemofthecareerchoice，whichistrulyatoughchoice.Students’opinionsdiffergreatlyonthisissue.Someholdthatpriorityshouldbegiventostartabusinessofyourown，butotherstaketheattitudethatfindingajobisthebestchoiceinfluencingtheirfuture.Astomyself，Ipreferthelatterview.Anopportunitytostartabusinessexertsatremendousfascinationonagreatnumberofpeople，withnoexceptiontome.Inmyview，Withthecompetitioninthejobmarketbecomingincreasinglyfierceforcollegegraduates，someambitiousstudentshavetriedtheirhandsatlaunchingtheirownbusinesses.Overtheyears，therehavebeenmanysuccessfulcasesofstudententrepreneurshipandsuchattemptsshouldbeencouragedandpromotedbyboththeuniversitiesandthesocietyatlarge.What’smore，Collegestudentswhostartbusinessesarepioneers，amongwhomwillbebornChina’sfuturebusinessleaders.Facedwithunknownchallenges，theyareaudaciousenoughtoembarkonaperilousjourneywhilemostoftheirpeersenjoystablesalariesbyworkingaswhite-collarsathigh-endofficebuildings.Allinall，theessentialdifferencebetweenthestudentswhofindajoborthosestudentswhocreatetheirownbusinessesisthattheformeraredocilefollowerswhereasthelatterareaggressivetrailblazers.Forthisreason，business-launchingcollegegraduatesaremoreadmirable，andthustheycommandourdeeprespect.PartIIListeningComprehension（25minutes）【英語(yǔ)四級(jí)聽力真題解析】聽力作為一種考試題型，目的在于考查應(yīng)試者對(duì)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的把握，自從英語(yǔ)四級(jí)題型改革后，所選題材側(cè)重新聞稿和演講稿，比如這次英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試的SectionA部分，主要是關(guān)于采鹽工人的相關(guān)新聞報(bào)導(dǎo)，文章稍難，我們?cè)谧鞔鹬埃欢ㄒ焖贋g覽各題目的選項(xiàng)，先把核心關(guān)鍵詞劃出來(lái)，比如重要的名詞，名詞性短語(yǔ)等，這樣可以幫助我們預(yù)知要聽的重點(diǎn)，提高捕捉信息的準(zhǔn)確度，降低聽力材料的難度.在聽錄音的過(guò)程中，快速作標(biāo)記，鎖定正確答案.1.(A)Itwasdangeroustolivein.2.(B)Astorm3.(B)Theyweretrappedinanundergroundelevator.4.(C)Theysentsuppliestokeeptheminerswarm.5.(D)Closesomeofitspostoffice.6.(C)StoppingmaildeliveryonSaturdays.7.(A)Manypostofficestaffwilllosetheirjobs.SectionB8.(D)Hewilllosepartofhispay.9.(B)Heisatrustworthyguy.10.(D)Sheisbetterathandlingsuchmatters.11.(C)Heisalwaystryingtostiruptrouble.12.(D)Reserved13.(A)Theystayquiet14.(C)Shewasneverinvitedtoacolleague’shome.15.(B)HousesprovidemoreprivacySectionC16.(D)Theywillautomaticallybegivenhiringpriority.17.(C)Visittheschoolcareersservice.18.(B)Supervisingstudyspacestoensureaquietatmosphere.19.(C)Itmaybesoldatahigherprice.21.(D)Itdoesnothaveastablemarket.20.(A)Itishealthierthangreentee.22.(B)Theypreferuniqueobjectsofhighquality.23.(B)Theycouldonlytrytocreateatnight.24.(A)Makewisechoices.25.(A)Toboostthelocaleconomy.SectionAA16thcenturycastleinScotlandisclosetocollapsingafterlumpsofsoilswerewashedawaybyfloods,threateningitsfoundations.OnSunday,thecastle’sownerJohnGordon,76,wasforcedtomoveouthispropertyaftertheRiverDeesweptawayabout60feetofland,leavingthecastledangerousclosetotheriver.AccordingtotheScottishDailyRecord.AbergeldiecastlelocatedinAberdeenshire,ScotlandwasbuiltbySirAlexanderGordonofMidmarwholaterbecametheEarlofHuntly.Thecastlewhichislocatedon11,700acreswasleasedtomembersoftheroyalfamilybetween1848and1970,includingKingEdwardVIIandGeorgeV.TheScottishEnvironmentProtectionAgencyhasissuedmorethan35floodwarningscoveringseveralregions,asScotlandcontinuestocleanuptheafterStormFrankhitthecountrylastWednesday.“Thismeansthatriverswillrisemoreslowly,butthenstayhighformuchlonger.”theenvironmentalagencysaid.Q1.WhydidJohnGordonmoveoutofAbergeldiecastle?Q2.WhathappenedinScotlandlastWednesday?SectionA-2RescueeffortswereunderwayThursdaymorningfor17minerswhowerestuckinanelevatorbelowgroundataCargillrocksaltminenearLansing,NewYork,accordingtoMarciaLynch.PublicinformationofficerwithTompkinsCounty’sem