2019年6月大學(xué)英語四級真題完整版(第1套)

精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-----傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-----傾情為你奉上專心---專注---專業(yè)專心---專注---專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-----傾情為你奉上專心---專注---專業(yè)2019年6月大學(xué)英語四級真題完整版（第1套）PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanewsreporttoyourcampusnewspaperonavisittoalocalfarmorganizedbyyourStudentUnion.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartⅡListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthenquestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA），B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1.A)Hevisitedaprisonlocatedonafarawayisland.B)HeswamaroundanislandnearSanFrancisco.C)Hecelebratedhisninthbirthdayonasmallisland.D)Hesetarecordbyswimmingtoandfromanisland.2.A)Hesethimanexample.B)Hedoubledthereward.C)HehadtheeventcoveredonTV.D)Hecheeredhimonalltheway.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3.A)Togivepeoplemoretimetotravel.B)Toincreaseworkingefficiency.C)Toencouragelatemarriage.D)Toendtheone-childpolicy.4.A)Theywillnotcomeintoimmediateeffect.B)TheywillboostChina’seconomicgrowth.C)Theywillhelptopopularizeearlymarriage.D)Theywillnotbewelcomedbyyoungpeople.Questions5and6arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.A)Cleaningserviceingreatdemandallovertheworld.B)Anewcompanytocleanupthemessafterparties.C)Twoladiesgivingupwell-paidjobstodocleaning.D)Cleanersgainfullyemployedatnightsandweekends.6.A)Itleavesthehouseinamess.B)Ittakesalotoftimetoprepare.C)Itmakespartygoersexhausted.D)Itcreatesnoiseandmisconduct.7.A)VisittheU.S.andCanada.B)HireanAustralianlawyer.C)Expandtheirbusiness.D)Settlealegaldispute.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA），B），C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.A)Hepassedthedriver’sroadtest.B)Hetookthedriver’stheoryexam.C)Hegothisdriver’slicense.D)Hehadadrivinglesson.9.A)Hewasnotwellprepared.B)Hewasnotusedtothetestformat.C)Hedidnotgettotheexamintime.D)Hedidnotfollowthetestprocedure.10.A)Theyaretooshort.B)Theyaretough.C)Theyarecostly.D)Theyarehelpful.11.A)Earnenoughmoneyfordrivinglessons.B)Findanexperienceddrivinginstructor.C)Test-driveafewtimesonhighways.D)Passhisroadtestthefirsttime.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A)TheacceptancerateatLeeds.B)Wherethewomanstudies.C)Howtoapplyforstudiesatauniversity.D)Leed’stuitionforinternationalstudents.13.A)Pursuepostgraduatestudies.B)Doresearchonhighereducation.C)ApplytoanAmericanuniversity.D)Performinafamousmusical.14.A)Hisuniqueexperience.B)Hisacademicexcellence.C)Hisoutstandingmusicaltalent.D)Hisfavorablerecommendations.15.A)Travelwidely.B)Teachoverseas.C)Doamaster’sdegree.D)SettledowninEngland.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Manyspeciesremainunknowntoscientists.B)Onlyafewspeciescausetroubletohumans.C)Theyhelpfarmerskeepdiseasesincheck.D)Theyliveinincrediblywell-organizedcolonies.17.A)Theyliketoformcoloniesinelectricalunits.B)Theycansurvivealongtimewithoutwater.C)Theycancausedamagetopeople’shomes.D)Theyarelargerthanmanyotherspecies.18.A)Refrainfromeatingsugaryfood.B)Destroytheircoloniescloseby.C)Keepdoorsandwindowsshut.D)Denythemaccesstoanyfood.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)Thefunctionofthehumanimmunesystem.B)Thecauseofvariousauto-immunediseases.C)Thechangeinpeople’simmunesystemastheygetolder.D)Thevirusesthatmayinfectthehumanimmunesystem.20.A)Offerbloodsamples.B)Helptointerviewpatients.C)Actasresearchassistants.D)Reporttheirillnesses.21.A)Strengtheningpeople’simmunitytoinfection.B)Betterunderstandingpatients’immunesystem.C)Furtherreducingoldpatients’medicalexpenses.D)Helpingimproveoldpeople’shealthconditions.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A)Agroupofkidswereplayingchessafterschool.B)Hisstudentswerestrugglingtofollowhislessons.C)Alotofkidsstayedatschooltodotheirhomework.D)Hisstudentshadtroublegettingonwitheachother.23.A)Jointheschool’schessteam.B)VisitachessteaminNashville.C)Receivetrainingforachesscompetition.D)Participateinanationalchesscompetition.24.A)Manyhavebecomenationalchesschampions.B)Mostofthemcomefromlow-incomefamilies.C)Acoupleofthemhavegotinvolvedincrimes.D)Manybecamechesscoachesaftergraduation.25.A)Thinktwicebeforetakingaction.B)Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C)Takeactionbeforeitgetstoolate.D)Translatetheirwordsintoaction.PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce．Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ThecenterofAmericanautomobileinnovationhasinthepastdecademoved2,000milesaway.Ithas__26__fromDetroittoSiliconValley,whereself-drivingvehiclesarecomingintolife.Ina__27__totakeproductionbacktoDetroit,Michiganlawmakershaveintroduced__28__thatcouldmaketheirstatethebestplaceinthecountry,ifnottheworld,todevelopself-drivingvehiclesandputthemontheroad.“Michigan’s__29__inautoresearchanddevelopmentisunderattackfromseveralstatesandcountrieswhichdesireto__30__ourleadershipintransportation.Wecan’tletthathappen,”saysSenatorMikeKowall,thelead__31__offourbillsrecentlyintroduced.Ifallfourbillspassaswritten,theywould__32__asubstantialupdateofMichigan’s2013lawthatallowedthetestingofself-drivingvehiclesinlimitedconditions.Manufacturerwouldhavenearlytotalfreedomtotesttheirself-drivingtechnologyonpublicroads.Theywouldbeallowedtosendgroupsofself-drivingcarsoncross-stateroadtrips,andevensetupon-demand__33__ofself-drivingcars,liketheoneGeneralMotorsandLyftarebuilding.LawmakersinMichiganclearlywanttomakethestatereadyforthecommercialapplicationofself-drivingtechnology.In__34__,California,homeofSiliconValley,recentlyproposedfarmore__35__rulesthatwouldrequirehumandriversbereadytotakethewheel,andbancommercialuseofself-drivingtechnology.A)bidE)fleetsI)replaceM)significantB)contrastF)knotsJ)representN)sponsorC)deputyG)legislationK)restrictiveO)transmittedD)dominanceH)migratedL)rewardSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoeachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.HowWorkWillChangeWhenMostofUsLiveto100[A]TodayintheUnitedStatesthereare72,000centenarians（百歲老人）.Worldwide,probably450,000.Ifcurrenttrendscontinue,thenby2050therewillbemorethanamillionintheUSalone.AccordingtotheworkofProfessorJamesVaupelandhisco-researchers,50%ofbabiesbornintheUSin2007havealifeexpectancyof104ormore.BroadlythesameholdsfortheUK,Germany,France,ItalyandCanada,andforJapan50%of2007babiescanexpecttoliveto107.[B]Understandably,thereareconcernsaboutwhatthismeansforpublicfinancesgiventheassociatedhealthandpensionchallenges.Thesechallengesarereal,andsocietyurgentlyneedstoaddressthem.Butitisalsoimportanttolookatthewiderpictureofwhathappenswhensomanypeoplelivefor100years.Itisamistaketosimplyequatelongevity（長壽）withissuesofoldage.Longerliveshaveimplicationsforalloflife,notjusttheendofit.[C]Ourviewisthatifmanypeoplearelivingforlonger,andarehealthierforlonger,thenthiswillresultinaninevitableredesignofworkandlife.Whenpeoplelivelonger,theyarenotonlyolderforlonger,butalsoyoungerforlonger.Thereissometruthinthesayingthat“70isthenew60”or“40thenew30.”Ifyouagemoreslowlyoveralongertimeperiod,thenyouareinsomesenseyoungerforlonger.[D]Butthechangesgofurtherthanthat.Take,forinstance,theageatwhichpeoplemakecommitmentssuchasbuyingahouse,gettingmarried,havingchildren,orstartingacareer.Theseareallfundamentalcommitmentsthatarenowoccurringlaterinlife.In1962,50%ofAmericansweremarriedbyage21.By2014,thatmilestone（里程碑）hadshiftedtoage29.[E]Whiletherearenumerousfactorsbehindtheseshifts,onefactorissurelyagrowingrealizationfortheyoungthattheyaregoingtolivelonger.Optionsaremorevaluablethelongertheycanbeheld.Soifyoubelieveyouwilllivelonger,thenoptionsbecomemorevaluable,andearlycommitmentbecomeslessattractive.Theresultisthatthecommitmentsthatpreviouslycharacterizedthebeginningofadulthoodarenowbeingdelayed,andnewpatternsofbehaviorandanewstageoflifeareemergingforthoseintheirtwenties.[F]Longevityalsopushesbacktheageofretirement,andnotonlyforfinancialreasons.Yes,unlesspeoplearepreparedtosavealotmore,ourcalculationssuggestthatifyouarenowinyourmid-40s,thenyouarelikelytoworkuntilyourearly70s;andifyouareinyourearly20s,thereisarealchanceyouwillneedtoworkuntilyourlate70sorpossiblyevenintoyour80s.Butevenifpeopleareabletoeconomicallysupportaretirementat65,overthirtyyearsofpotentialinactivityisharmfultocognitive（認(rèn)知的）andemotionalvitality.Manypeoplemaysimplynotwanttodoit.[G]Andyetthatdoesnotmeanthatsimplyextendingourcareersisappealing.Justlengtheningthatsecondstageoffull-timeworkmaysecurethefinancialassetsneededfora100-yearlife,butsuchpersistentworkwillinevitablyexhaustpreciousintangibleassetssuchasproductiveskills,vitality,happiness,andfriendship.[H]Thesameistrueforeducation.Itisimpossiblethatasingleshotofeducation,administeredinchildhoodandearlyadulthood,willbeabletosupportasustained,60-yearcareer.Ifyoufactorintheprojectedratesoftechnologicalchange,eitheryourskillswillbecomeunnecessary,oryourindustryoutdated.Thatmeansthateveryonewill,atsomepointintheirlife,havetomakeanumberofmajorreinvestmentsintheirskills.[I]Itseemslikely,then,thatthetraditionalthree-stagelifewillevolveintomultiplestagescontainingtwo,three,orevenmoredifferentcareers.Eachofthesestagescouldpotentiallybedifferent.Inonethefocuscouldbeonbuildingfinancialsuccessandpersonalachievement,inanotheroncreatingabetterwork/lifebalance,stillanotheronexploringandunderstandingoptionsmorefully,orbecominganindependentproducer,yetanotheronmakingasocialcontribution.Thesestageswillspansectors,takepeopletodifferentcities,andprovideafoundationforbuildingawidevarietyofskills.[J]Transitionsbetweenstagescouldbemarkedwithsabbaticals（休假）aspeoplefindtimetorestandrechargetheirhealth,re-investintheirrelationships,orimprovetheirskills.Attimes,thesebreaksandtransitionswillbeself-determined,atotherstheywillbeforcedasexistingroles,firms,orindustriesceasetoexist.[K]Amulti-stagelifewillhaveprofoundchangesnotjustinhowyoumanageyourcareer,butalsoinyourapproachtolife.Anincreasinglyimportantskillwillbeyourabilitytodealwithchangeandevenwelcomeit.Athree-stagelifehasfewtransitions,whileamulti-stagelifehasmany.Thatiswhybeingself-aware,investinginbroadernetworksoffriends,andbeingopentonewideaswillbecomeevenmorecrucialskills.[L]Thesemulti-stageliveswillcreateextraordinaryvarietyacrossgroupsofpeoplesimplybecausetherearesomanywaysofsequencingthestages.Morestagesmeanmorepossiblesequences.[M]Withthisvarietywillcometheendofthecloseassociationofageandstage.Inathree-stagelife,peopleleaveuniversityatthesametimeandthesameage,theytendtostarttheircareersandfamilyatthesameage,theyproceedthroughmiddlemanagementallroughlythesametime,andthenmoveintoretirementwithinafewyearsofeachother.Inamulti-stagelife,youcouldbeanundergraduateat20,40,or60;amanagerat30,50,or70;andbecomeanindependentproduceratanyage.[N]Currentlifestructures,careerpaths,educationalchoices,andsocialnormsareoutoftunewiththeemergingrealityoflongerlifespans.Thethree-stagelifeoffull-timeeducation,followedbycontinuouswork,andthencompleteretirementmayhaveworkedforourparentsorevengrandparents,butitisnotrelevanttoday.Webelievethattofocusonlongevityasprimarilyanissueofagingistomissitsfullimplications.Longevityisnotnecessarilyaboutbeingolderforlonger.Itisaboutlivinglonger,beingolderlater,andbeingyoungerlonger.36.Anextendedlifespaninthefuturewillallowpeopletohavemorecareersthannow.37.Justextendingone’scareermayhavebothpositiveandnegativeeffects.38.Nowadays,manyAmericanshaveonaveragedelayedtheirmarriagebysomeeightyears.39.Becauseoftheirlongerlifespan,youngpeopletodaynolongerfollowthepatternoflifeoftheirparentsorgrandparents.40.Morepeoplewillbeexpectedtoliveover100bythemid-21stcentury.41.Alongerlifewillcauseradicalchangesinpeople’sapproachtolife.42.Fasttechnologicalchangemakesitnecessaryforonetoconstantlyupgradetheirskills.43.Manypeoplemaynotwanttoretireearlybecauseitwoulddoharmtotheirmentalandemotionalwell-being.44.Thecloselinkbetweenageandstagemayceasetoexistinamulti-stagelife.45.Peoplelivingalongerandhealthierlifewillhavetorearrangetheirworkandlife.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Intheclassicmarriagevow（誓約）,couplespromisetostaytogetherinsicknessandinhealth.Butanewstudyfindsthattheriskofdivorceamongoldercouplesriseswhenthewife—notthehusband—becomesseriouslyill.“Marriedwomendiagnosedwithaserioushealthconditionmayfindthemselvesstrugglingwiththeimpactoftheirdiseasewhilealsoexperiencingthestressofdivorce,”saidresearcherAmeliaKarraker.Karrakerandco-authorKenzieLathamanalyzed20yearsofdataon2,717marriagesfromastudyconductedbyIndianaUniversitysince1992.Atthetimeofthefirstinterview,atleastoneofthepartnerswasovertheageof50.Theresearchersexaminedhowtheonset（發(fā)生）offourseriousphysicalillnessesaffectedmarriages.Theyfoundthat,overall,31%ofmarriagesendedindivorceovertheperiodstudied.Theincidenceofnewchronic（慢性的）illnessonsetincreasedovertimeaswell,withmorehusbandsthanwivesdevelopingserioushealthproblems.“Wefoundthatwomenaredoublyvulnerabletomaritalbreak-upinthefaceofillness,”Karrakersaid.“They’remorelikelytobewidowed,andifthey’retheoneswhobecomeill,they’remorelikelytogetdivorced.”Whilethestudydidn’tassesswhydivorceismorelikelywhenwivesbutnothusbandsbecomeseriouslyill,Karrakeroffersafewpossiblereasons.“Gendernormsandsocialexpectationsaboutcaregivingmaymakeitmoredifficultformentoprovidecaretosickspouses,”Karrakersaid.“Andbecauseoftheimbalanceinmarriagemarkets,especiallyinolderages,divorcedmenhavemorechoicesamongprospectivepartnersthandivorcedwomen.”Giventheincreasingconcernabouthealthcarecostsfortheagingpopulation,Karrakerbelievespolicymakersshouldbeawareoftherelationshipbetweendiseaseandriskofdivorce.“Offeringsupportservicestospousescaringfortheirotherhalvesmayreducemaritalstressandpreventdivorceatolderages,"shesaid.“Butit’salsoimportanttorecognizethatthepressuretodivorcemaybehealth-relatedandthatsickex-wivesmayneedadditionalcareandservicestopreventworseninghealthandincreasedhealthcosts.”46.Whatcanwelearnaboutmarriagevowsfromthepassage?A)Theymaynotguaranteealastingmarriage.B)Theyareasbindingastheyusedtobe.C)Theyarenottakenseriouslyanymore.D)Theymayhelpcouplestideoverhardtimes.47.WhatdidKarrakerandco-authorKenzieLathamfindaboutelderlyhusbands?A)Theyaregenerallynotgoodattakingcareofthemselves.B)Theycanbecomeincreasinglyvulnerabletoseriousillnesses.C)Theycandevelopdifferentkindsofillnessesjustliketheirwives.D)Theyaremorelikelytocontractseriousillnessesthantheirwives.48.WhatdoesKarrakersayaboutwomenwhofallill?A)Theyaremorelikelytobewidowed.B)Theyaremorelikelytogetdivorced.C)Theyarelesslikelytoreceivegoodcare.D)Theyarelesslikelytobothertheirspouses.49.WhyisitmoredifficultformentotakecareoftheirsickspousesaccordingtoKarraker?A)Theyaremoreaccustomedtoreceivingcare.B)Theyfinditmoreimportanttomakemoneyforthefamily.C)Theythinkitmoreurgenttofulfilltheirsocialobligations.D)Theyexpectsocietytodomoreofthejob.50.WhatdoesKarrakerthinkisalsoimportant?A)Reducingmaritalstressonwives.B)Stabilizingoldcouples’relations.C)Providingextracarefordivorcedwomen.D)Makingmenpayfortheirwives’healthcosts.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Ifyouwerelikemostchildren,youprobablygotupsetwhenyourmothercalledyoubyasibling’s（兄弟姐妹的）name.Howcouldshenotknowyou?Diditmeanshelovedyouless?Probablynot.Accordingtothefirstresearchtotacklethistopichead-on,misnamingthemostfamiliarpeopleinourlifeisacommoncognitive（認(rèn)知的）errorthathastodowithhowourmemoriesclassifyandstorefamiliarnames.Thestudy,publishedonlineinAprilinthejournalMemoryandCognition,foundthatthe“wrong”nameisnotrandombutisinvariablyfishedoutfromthesamerelationshippond:children,siblings,friends.Thestudydidnotexaminethepossibilityofdeeppsychologicalsignificancetothemistake,sayspsychologistDavidRubin,“butitdoestelluswho’sinandwho’soutofthegroup.”Thestudyalsofoundthatwithinthatgroup,misnamingsoccurredwherethenamessharedinitialorinternalsounds,likeJimmyandJoanieorJohnandBob.Physicalresemblancebetweenpeoplewasnotafactor.Norwasgender.Theresearchersconductedfiveseparatesurveysofmorethan1,700people.Someofthesurveysincluded