【農(nóng)業(yè)養(yǎng)殖技術(shù)】防止湖泊河蟹外逃的方法

【農(nóng)業(yè)養(yǎng)殖技術(shù)】防止湖泊河蟹外逃的方法

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//-->大水面湖泊養(yǎng)殖河蟹無(wú)法設(shè)置防逃設(shè)施，河蟹外逃造成很大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。河蟹外逃有一定的原因，如能正確掌握，同時(shí)采取適當(dāng)措施，就可以大大減少損失。一、及時(shí)捕撈，防生理成熟外逃。河蟹具有在淡水中生活、長(zhǎng)大、到通海的河口或淺海中進(jìn)行繁殖的生活習(xí)性，每年秋季西風(fēng)一響，性成熟的河蟹便紛紛離開(kāi)平時(shí)生活的淡水水域到淡咸水中交配，入海產(chǎn)卵。即使不具備入海條件的大水面，因河蟹“生理成熟”的需要，也會(huì)盲目上岸逃跑。所以，要及時(shí)做好捕撈工作。二、提供充足餌料，防餌料不足外逃。河蟹食性很雜，但最愛(ài)吃動(dòng)物性餌料，也吃食水草等植物性餌料。如果水體中投入苗種過(guò)多，天然餌料供不應(yīng)求，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)河蟹因覓食逃走，因此投苗種時(shí)一定要對(duì)水域中的餌料資源加以分析，做到合理放養(yǎng)密度。三、提供良好環(huán)境，防環(huán)境不良外逃。一般來(lái)說(shuō)河蟹對(duì)水環(huán)境的適應(yīng)能力很強(qiáng)，但超出忍受范圍也會(huì)出現(xiàn)外逃。一是水質(zhì)污染，溶氧量少，有害物質(zhì)濃度大，河蟹被迫遷出；二是沒(méi)有水草或水草太少。漁諺說(shuō)“蟹大小，看水草”。水草對(duì)河蟹的重要性有三：①直接作為餌料；②間接提供餌料：水草豐富處，小魚(yú)蝦、底棲動(dòng)物多