春檢專練習(xí)卷4

上海交通大學(xué)網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)院醫(yī)學(xué)院分院2012（春）年級(jí)畢業(yè)理論綜合考試練習(xí)卷（4）專業(yè)：檢驗(yàn)技術(shù)（?？疲┮弧⒂⒄Z（30%）：I．Vocabulary&StructureDirections:Thereare25incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.1．Theyprovideinformationonmethodstoimprovethe________oftrainingprogramsforolderworkers,includinghelpingolderworkerstofindproductiveemployment.A.formation B.efficiencyC.selection D.dignity2．Ifyourchildisspendingtoomuchtimeoncomputergames,thinkcarefullyabouthowyouaregoingto________thesituation.A.accomplish B.arrangeC.handle D.decrease3．Shefellasleepatlast,butinnotimeatallthepaininherback________heragain,sharpandinsistent.A.conquered B.wakenedC.absorbed D.retired4．Onseeingthewoundedsoldier,Lucyquicklyfoldedherarmsroundhim,thenjustasquicklypulledbackto________hisswollen(腫的)noseandmouth.A.monitor B.recognizeC.inspect D.reveal5.Ifpeoplearemadeawarethatthebettertheservice,themoretheyearn,thenitreallyisa(n)________toworkhardandperformwell.A.incentive B.atmosphereC.gratitude D.community6.Vicky________turnedtheTVoffastheclockstruckten,timeforhertogotobed.A.reluctantly B.disappointedlyC.fortunately D.undoubtedly7.Hecouldseeherlips________andhopedshewouldnotcryinpublicagain..A.disturbing B.tremblingC.shaking D.stooping8.Weknowthatdrinking,smoking,andoverwork________riskstoourhealth,butmostofusseemtoacceptthem.A.spoil B.involveC.accumulate D.seal9.Hedidn'thavetimetoreadthereportwordforword;hejust________it.

A.skimmed B.observedC.overlooked D.glanced10.Ifyouhavetogothroughasmoke-filledarea,you'dbetter________withyourheadlow.A.crawl B.retreat C.proceed D.drag11.Hundredsofyellowribbonsbillowedinthewindasif____________awarmwelcometothereturnees.A.giving B.togiveC.theywouldgive D.theywouldhavegiven12.Thereportis________withtherelationshipbetweenpoliticsandthelaw.A.concerned B.absorbed C.sustained D.involved13.________theirworkwillgiveusamuchbetterfeelforthewidedifferencesbetweenthetwoschoolsofthought.

A.Tohavereviewed B.Havingreviewed C.Reviewing D.Beingreviewed14.She'sbeenreportedmissingandwe'recheckinghermovementsforthetwoweeksbeforeshe________.A.vanished B.survived C.observed D.revealed15.Oneoftheboysspeaks_________butnotverycorrectEnglish.A.frequent B.flexibleC.fluent D.fluid16.________,theinjection(注射)didnotworkanddespitemuchmedicationtocalmhisheart,hepassedawayintheearlyhoursofthemorning.A.Unfortunately B.Luckily C.Eventually D.Undoubtedly17.It’sapitythatthedeviceused____________countingmoneydoesn’tworknow.A. at B.by C. for D.to18.At6.30a.m.nextmorningthetrain________CentralStation,GlasgowA.pulledinto B.camedown C.laidout D.soughtout19.Apartfromcaringforherchildren,shehastotakeonsuchheavy_______houseworkascarryingwaterandfirewood.A.time-consumed B.timely-consumedC.time-consuming D.timely-consuming20.Medicalresearchhasshownthatthewidespreaduseofcigarettescontributes

___________theincreaseofcancers．A.towards B.forC.with D.to21.Manypeoplelikewhitecolorasitisa________ofpurity.A.symbol B.signal C.sign D.symptom22Volcanoesaredividedintothreemaingroupsbasedontheirshapeandthetypeofmaterialthey__________.A.aremade B.madeofC.aremadeof D.arebeingmadeof23.Inspiteof_________,weenjoyedhavingasnowballfight.A.thecoldweather B.itiscold C.theweatheriscold D.thatitiscoldweather24.WheneverwecometoSharonforhelp,shecanalways_________withgoodideas.A.comeupwithB.producewithC.putupwithD.cometo25.Thecomputerlooksmysterioustome_________itwerenotinventedbyhumanbeings.A.asif B.although C.unless D.eventhough=2\*ROMANII=3\*ROMAN．ReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereisapassageinthispart.Thepassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Youshouldchoosethebestanswertoeachquestionbasedonthepassage.Passage：TodaymostpeoplespeakEnglishwhentheymeetforeigners.Ithasbecometheinternationallanguage.TherearemanyreasonswhyEnglishhasbecomesopopular.OneofthemisthatEnglishhasbecomethelanguageofbusiness.AnotherimportantreasonisthatpopularAmericanculture,likemovies,music,andMcDonald's,hasquicklyspreadthroughouttheworld.Ithasbroughtitslanguagewithit.IsitgoodthatEnglishhasspreadtoallpartsoftheworldsoquickly?Idon'tknow.It'simportanttohavealanguagethatthepeopleoftheearthhaveincommon.Ourworldhasbecomeveryglobalandweneedtocommunicatewithoneanother.Ontheotherhand,Englishisaquitecomplicatedlanguagetolearnanditbringsitsculturewithit.Dowereallyneedthat?Scientistshavealreadytriedtocreateanartificiallanguagethatisn'ttoodifficultanddoesn'tincludeanyonegroup'sculture.ItiscalledEsperanto.Butithasn'tbecomepopular.ButmaybethepopularityofEnglishwon'tlastthatlongeither.Whoknows?TherearemorepeopleintheworldwhospeakChinesethananyotherlanguage.MaybesomedayChinesewillbethenewinternationallanguage.26.Accordingtotheauthor,onereasonforthepopularityofEnglishisthat _______________. A. Americancultureisspreadingthroughouttheworld B. Americanpeopleliketodobusinesswithforeigners C. Englishisabeautifullanguage D. Englishisnotdifficulttolearn27.Theauthorthinksthat_______________. A.itisgoodthatEnglishhasspreadtoallpartsoftheworldsoquickly B.somedayanotherlanguagemightreplaceEnglishasaninternationallanguage C.it'snotnecessaryforustohaveaninternationallanguage D.wecanlearnalanguagewithoutlearningitsculture28.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutEsperanto_______________? A.It'screatedbyscientists. B.It'ssupposedtobeeasy. C.Itdoesn'tincludeanygroup'sculture. D.Ithasbecomepopular.29.Therearemorepeopleintheworldwhospeak_______________thananyotherlanguage. A.English B.Chinese C.French D.Esperanto30.In“Ithasbroughtitslanguagewithit”(thesecondparagraph),thefirstword“it”refersto_______________. A.animportantreason B.Americanpeopleasawhole C.popularAmericanculture D.theworld二、臨床檢驗(yàn)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)（35%）：A型題（在一組備選答案中，選擇一個(gè)最佳答案）：31．巴氏涂片是指：A．胸水細(xì)胞學(xué)涂片B．淋巴結(jié)穿刺細(xì)胞學(xué)涂片C．乳腺分泌物涂片D．子宮頸-陰道細(xì)胞學(xué)涂片32．細(xì)胞形態(tài)保存較差的標(biāo)本采集方法是：A．導(dǎo)尿法B．灌洗法C．刷取法D．穿刺法或刮取法33．無需在細(xì)胞病理學(xué)診斷中考慮的因素是：A．細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)特征，細(xì)胞學(xué)診斷局限性B．患者激素水平C．患者體重和身高D．涂片上背景成分34．在細(xì)胞病理學(xué)涂片上，體積最大的鱗狀上皮細(xì)胞是：A．表層B．中層C．底層D．副底層或角化前層35．卡波氏環(huán)可見于哪個(gè)細(xì)胞胞漿中的異常結(jié)構(gòu)：A．紅細(xì)胞B．淋巴細(xì)胞C．單核細(xì)胞D．粒細(xì)胞36．可反映外周紅細(xì)胞大小不一的參數(shù)是：A．RDWB．MCVC．MCHD．MCHC37．根據(jù)貧血的形態(tài)學(xué)分類，惡性腫瘤引起的貧血一般呈現(xiàn)：A．大細(xì)胞貧血B．正細(xì)胞正色素性貧血C．小細(xì)胞低色素貧血D．單純小細(xì)胞貧血38．有核紅細(xì)胞最常見于：A．急性失血或缺鐵性貧血B．溶血性貧血C．巨幼細(xì)胞性貧血D．遺傳性球形細(xì)胞增多癥39．屬于癌細(xì)胞主要形態(tài)學(xué)鑒別要點(diǎn)的是：A．核增大B．巨大核仁C．染色較深D．核形態(tài)畸形，染色質(zhì)增粗40．在痰液涂片中，表明標(biāo)本肯定來自肺部的細(xì)胞是：A．纖毛細(xì)胞B．基底層細(xì)胞C．鱗狀上皮細(xì)胞D．肺泡巨噬細(xì)胞41．在胸水涂片中，見到形態(tài)正常的鱗狀上皮細(xì)胞應(yīng)高度懷疑為：A．角化型鱗癌B．燕麥細(xì)胞癌C．分化差腺癌D．漿液性腺癌42．表示測(cè)定值和靶值之間一致程度，稱為：A．精密度B．準(zhǔn)確度C．靈敏度和特異度D．符合率43．在日常檢驗(yàn)中，應(yīng)確保所用血液質(zhì)控品的水平是：A．低值水平B．正常水平C．中、低水平D．高、中水平44．符合隨機(jī)誤差的質(zhì)控規(guī)則是：A．12sB．R4sC．41sD．10x，22s45．能反映外周血紅細(xì)胞大小變化差異程度的參數(shù)是：A.MCHCB．RDWC．MCHD．MCV46．下列屬于血管內(nèi)溶血實(shí)驗(yàn)室特點(diǎn)的是：A．血清結(jié)合珠蛋白增高B．外周血中可見較多破碎紅細(xì)胞C．紅細(xì)胞包涵體陽性D．血漿游離血紅蛋白降低47．試帶法應(yīng)用PH指示劑蛋白質(zhì)誤差原理檢測(cè)：A．GLUB．PROC．UROD．KET或BIL48．腺癌的細(xì)胞形態(tài)特點(diǎn)，下列哪一點(diǎn)是不正確的A．癌細(xì)胞形態(tài)多樣，排列呈腺腔樣或乳頭狀結(jié)構(gòu)B．癌細(xì)胞呈圓形或橢圓形C．癌細(xì)胞體積大小不一，胞漿中常含空泡D．癌細(xì)胞呈單個(gè)散在排列49．24h尿量少于多少ml時(shí)，稱少尿：A．400B．300C．200D．10050．腎病綜合征時(shí)產(chǎn)生的蛋白尿?yàn)椋篈．腎小球性蛋白尿B．腎小管性蛋白尿C．溢出性蛋白尿D．組織性蛋白尿51．尿液標(biāo)本無色且伴尿比密增高，提示：A．發(fā)熱B．多囊腎C．?dāng)⊙YD．糖尿病52．選擇性蛋白尿主要用于檢查：A．腎小球?yàn)V過率改變B．腎小管重吸收功能障礙或腎小管病變程度C．腎小球病變程度D．腎間質(zhì)病變程度53．關(guān)于紅細(xì)胞平均值的敘述，下列哪項(xiàng)正確？A．紅細(xì)胞平均值正常,提示患者紅細(xì)胞形態(tài)無改變B．貧血患者,雖有明顯的紅細(xì)胞異常,但其平均值可在正常范圍內(nèi)C．MCV小于正常,MCH小于正常,其MCHC必小于正常D．MCV大于正常,MCH大于正常,其MCHC必大于正常54．羊水中與胎兒腎的成熟度有關(guān)的物質(zhì)是：A．膽堿酯酶B．膽紅素C．脂肪D．尿酸55．胎兒血紅蛋白的肽鏈組成是：A．α2/γ2B．α2/β2C．α2/δ2D．β4/γ456．正常精液液化時(shí)間不超過A．10minB.20minC．25minD．30min57．腦脊液檢驗(yàn)的適應(yīng)癥是：A．顱內(nèi)高壓者B．有腦膜刺激征者C．顱后窩占位性病變者D．處于休克、全身衰竭狀態(tài)者58．不會(huì)使腦脊液變混濁的病理因素是：A．紅細(xì)胞或白細(xì)胞增多B．大量細(xì)菌C．蛋白質(zhì)濃度增高D．葡萄糖濃度增高59．糞便中可見的最小寄生蟲卵是A．鉤蟲卵B．肺吸蟲卵C．鞭蟲卵D．華支睪吸蟲卵60．室內(nèi)和室間質(zhì)量控制活動(dòng)，可以控制哪一方面對(duì)檢驗(yàn)質(zhì)量的影響？A．標(biāo)本離體環(huán)境對(duì)檢驗(yàn)質(zhì)量的影響B(tài)．檢測(cè)儀器、方法和試劑對(duì)檢驗(yàn)質(zhì)量的影響C．生理變異對(duì)檢驗(yàn)質(zhì)量的影響D．飲食或藥物因素對(duì)檢驗(yàn)質(zhì)量的影響61．凝血因子III又稱為：A．組織因子B．凝血酶原C．穩(wěn)定因子D．易變因子62．影響血液分析儀紅細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)值減低的因素不包括：A．巨大血小板B．血小板聚集，紅細(xì)胞聚集C．白細(xì)胞極度增高D．紅細(xì)胞大小不一63．卡波環(huán)現(xiàn)認(rèn)為可能是A．核殘余物B．脂蛋白變性C．色素沉著或胞質(zhì)發(fā)育異常D．血紅蛋白聚集64．非特異性陰道炎的主要病原體是A．霉菌B．淋球菌C．支原體或衣原體D．加特納菌65．做化學(xué)法糞隱血試驗(yàn)時(shí)，服用下列哪項(xiàng)不會(huì)出現(xiàn)假陽性？A．肉類B．鐵劑或含有動(dòng)物血的食物C．維生素D．生食蔬菜三、臨床生物化學(xué)檢驗(yàn)（35%）：A型題（在一組備選答案中，選擇一個(gè)最佳答案）：66、臨床生物化學(xué)發(fā)展過程中，以下哪一項(xiàng)標(biāo)志著開創(chuàng)了分子生物學(xué)時(shí)代：A．出版了《臨床化學(xué)專著》B．發(fā)現(xiàn)蛋白質(zhì)α-螺旋的結(jié)構(gòu)形式C．提出DNA雙股螺旋結(jié)構(gòu)模型并提出遺傳中心法則D．發(fā)明聚合酶鏈反應(yīng)（PCR）技術(shù)67、肝功能不良時(shí)，下列蛋白質(zhì)的合成受影響較小的是：A．前清蛋白或清蛋白B．免疫球蛋白C．凝血酶原D．凝血因子Ⅴ、Ⅷ、Ⅸ等68、下列中可作為營(yíng)養(yǎng)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的蛋白是：Ａ．α1球蛋白/α2球蛋白Ｂ．γ球蛋白Ｃ．β球蛋白D．白蛋白69、尿酸是人體內(nèi)哪種物質(zhì)的分解代謝產(chǎn)物？Ａ．碳水化合物Ｂ．嘧啶核苷酸Ｃ．脂類Ｄ．嘌呤核苷酸70、胰島素對(duì)物質(zhì)代謝有廣泛的調(diào)節(jié)作用,在生理濃度下,它不能引起下列哪一種作用增強(qiáng)？A．葡萄糖透過細(xì)胞質(zhì)膜，葡萄糖氧化B．ATP、DNA及RNA合成C．脂肪合成D．糖異生71、以下哪一項(xiàng)是前列腺癌的特異性標(biāo)志物？Ａ．AFPＢ．CEAＣ．PSAＤ．NSE或CA19-972、以下哪一個(gè)不屬于血漿特異酶？A．ChE或銅藍(lán)蛋白B脂蛋白脂酶．C．卵磷脂膽固醇?；D(zhuǎn)移酶（LCAT）D．LD73、激活脂蛋白脂酶的載脂蛋白為：A．CⅠB．B48C．B100D74、酶促反應(yīng)中決定酶特異性的是：A．底物的類別B．酶蛋白C．輔基或輔酶D．催化基團(tuán)75、下列哪一種腫瘤標(biāo)志物屬于激素類？Ａ．AFPＢ．CEAＣ．β-HCGＤ．PSA或AFU76、結(jié)合膽紅素是膽紅素和下列哪種物質(zhì)結(jié)合而成？Ａ．Y蛋白Ｂ．葡萄糖酸Ｃ．膽汁酸D．葡萄糖醛酸77、膽汁酸合成的限速酶是：A．7α羥化酶B．7α羥膽固醇氧化酶C．膽酰CoA合成酶D．鵝脫氧膽酰CoA合成酶78、下列哪組物質(zhì)屬于初級(jí)膽汁酸？A．膽酸、脫氧膽酸B．甘氨膽酸、石膽酸C．?；悄懰帷⒚撗跄懰酓．甘氨鵝脫氧膽酸、牛磺鵝脫氧膽酸79、下列哪種物質(zhì)是腸內(nèi)細(xì)菌作用的產(chǎn)物？A．膽紅素B．鵝脫氧膽酸C．硫酸膽紅素D．膽素原80、影響腎臟排鉀的因素是：A．血鉀濃度B．醛固酮水平C．遠(yuǎn)端腎小管內(nèi)原尿流速D．以上都對(duì)81、尿液中不受飲食和尿量影響，排出量最為恒定的是：A．肌酸B．肌酐C．尿素D．尿酸82、以下哪項(xiàng)不是腎近曲小管受損的早期生化診斷指標(biāo)？A．β2微球蛋白或α1微球蛋白B．溶菌酶C．視黃醇結(jié)合蛋白D．清蛋白83、胃腸激素分泌后通過組織間隙作用于鄰近的靶細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生效應(yīng)的方式為：A．自分泌方式B．神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)方式C．外分泌方式或內(nèi)分泌方式D．旁分泌方式84、影響腸道鈣吸收的最主要因素是：A．腸腔內(nèi)pHB．食物性質(zhì)和食物含鈣量C．腸道草酸鹽含量D．體內(nèi)1，25-（OH）2-D3含量85、疾病時(shí)血清及尿液α淀粉酶升高，應(yīng)除外：Ａ．肝炎Ｂ.急性胰腺炎Ｃ．急性闌尾炎Ｄ．潰瘍穿孔Ｅ．86、血漿[HCO3-]增加時(shí)：A．結(jié)合鈣濃度降低，離子鈣濃度升高B．結(jié)合鈣濃度升高，離子鈣濃度降低C．結(jié)合鈣與離子鈣濃度皆升高D．結(jié)合鈣與離子鈣濃度皆降低87、降鈣素對(duì)鈣磷代謝的影響是：A．使尿磷增加，血磷降低B．使尿磷減少，血磷升高C．使尿鈣減少，血鈣升高D．促進(jìn)溶骨作用88、甲狀腺素、兒茶酚胺類及黑色素等都是以什么氨基酸為原料合成的？A．色氨酸B．苯丙氨酸C．酪氨酸D．蛋氨酸89、下列哪項(xiàng)檢測(cè)屬于腎小球功能檢查？Ａ．GFR試驗(yàn)Ｂ．濃縮稀釋試驗(yàn)Ｃ．自由水清除率測(cè)定Ｄ．尿滲量測(cè)定，滲透溶質(zhì)清除率測(cè)定90、血腦屏障中起主要屏障作用的是：A．腦毛細(xì)血管內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞B．基膜C．星形膠質(zhì)突起形成的血管鞘D．基底膜91、D92、A93、A94、A95、C96、B97、B98、C99、B100、E91、促進(jìn)神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)發(fā)育最重要的激素是：Ａ．糖皮質(zhì)激素Ｂ．生長(zhǎng)激素Ｃ．鹽皮質(zhì)激素Ｄ．甲狀腺激素92、原發(fā)性肝細(xì)胞性肝癌最靈敏、最特異的腫瘤標(biāo)志是：A．AFPB．CEAC．PSAD．NSE，CA19-993、生物體內(nèi)最穩(wěn)定的活性氧是：A．H2O2B．·OHC．1O2D．O2－·E．H2O94、經(jīng)典