高三英語高考 語法 專題復(fù)習(xí)系列08 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

2010高考英語《語法》專題復(fù)習(xí)系列課件.08《情態(tài)動(dòng)詞》.1.--IsJohncomingbytrain?--Heshould,buthe____not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.(2002高考題）A.mustB.canC.needD.may2.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates(候選人)____remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.(2002上海高考題）A.canB.willC.mayD.shall3.--Iheardtheywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter.(2002北京高考題）--It____truebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere.A.maynotbeB.won’tbeC.couldn’tbeD.mustn’tbe.

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測(cè)不表示推測(cè)cancouldmaymightshallshouldmustwillwouldoughttohavetodare(daren’t)need(needn’t)usedto.Idaren’taskherforarise.我不敢請(qǐng)求她加薪.Howdidyoudaretotellherthat?Iwonderwhetherhedarestandupinpublic.Idon’tknowhowshedarestowearthatdress.Doyouneedanyhelp?Iwonderwhetherheneedsenditimmediately.Ineedhardlytellyouthattheworkisdangerous.Thegardendoesn’tneedwateringatthemoment.Youneedn’tfinishthatworktoday..可兼做行為動(dòng)詞的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：need、dare

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(+動(dòng)詞原形)行為動(dòng)詞

.needdare

1.無人稱和數(shù)的變化;2.尤其用于：*否定句及疑問句中;*在if/whether之后;*或與hardly,never,noone,nobody連用;3.常以needn’t和daren’t

的形式出現(xiàn);4.dare有其過去時(shí)dared.多用于肯定句;(sb.)needtododaretodo(sth.)needtobedone(sth.)needdoing

.判斷正誤:Howdareyousaysuchathing?Howdareyoutosaysuchathing?Hedaren’ttospeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,didhe?Hedaren’tspeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,darehe?.Nobodyneedtobeafraidofcatchingthedisease.Nobodyneedbeafraidofcatchingthedisease.Thesedishesneedbecleanedcarefully.Thesedishesneedtobecleanedcarefully.Thesedishesneedcleaningcarefully..注意對(duì)need問句的回答:--NeedIfinishtheworktoday?--Yes,________________.No,________________.No,________________.youmustyouneedn’tyoudon’thaveto.needn’t對(duì)其它情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的回答:--ShallItellJohnaboutit?--No,you__________.

--Mustwedoitnow?--No,you__________.

needn’t(don’thaveto)needn’t(don’thaveto).表示推測(cè)——情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的重要用法.1.YoumustbeMrSmith----Iwastoldtoexpectyouhere.2.Hemusthaveknownwhatwewanted.3.Wemayhavereadthesamereport.4.Hecan’thavesleptthroughallthatnoise.5.There’ssomeoneoutside----whocanitbe?6.Whatcantheybedoing?7.Thesepillsmighthelptocureyourdisease.8.Youcouldberight,Isuppose..表示推測(cè)——情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的重要用法.肯定的推測(cè)可能的推測(cè)否定的推測(cè)疑問的推測(cè)must/should

對(duì)將來

對(duì)現(xiàn)在

對(duì)過去情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may,mightcan’t,couldn’tcan,could+V.

+V.+havedone常見mustbe+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing可以用not表示“可能不”

+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing.

1.Idon'tknowwheresheis,she_______beinWuhan.2.Atthismoment,ourteacher________________ourexampapers.這時(shí)，我們老師想必在批改試卷。3.Theroadiswet.It________________lastnight.(rain)4.Yourmother______________________foryou.你媽媽一定一直在找你。

maymustbemarkingmusthaverainedmusthavebeenlooking.5.Philip________________________seriouslyinthecaraccident.菲利普可能在車禍中受了重傷.6.---Lindahasgonetowork,butherbicycleisstillhere.---She_____________________(go)bybus.7.Mike________________hiscar,forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.邁克一定還沒有找回他的車，因?yàn)樵缟纤亲财噥砩习嗟?。may(might)havebeenhurtmay(might)havegonecan’thavefound.高考考題:1.Ithoughtyou_____likesomethingtoread,soIhavebroughtyousomebooks.A.mayB.mightC.wouldD.must2.Whereismypen?I____it.A.mightloseB.wouldhavelostC.shouldhavelostD.musthavelost3.Ididn’thearthephone.I___asleepA.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeenB

D

B

.4.---Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar,buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.----It____acomfortablejourneyA.can’tbeB.shouldn’tbeC.mustn’thavebeenD.couldn’thavebeen5.It’snearlyseveno’clock.Jack___behereatanymoment.A.mustB.needC.shouldD.couldDC.不同的“肯定”程度可按下列層次排列：Heisathome.(事實(shí))Hemustbeathome.（非?？隙ǖ耐茢啵〩ecouldbeathome.（很可能）Heoughttobeathome.（很可能）Hemaybeathome.（僅僅可能而已）Hemightbeathome.（或許,非常不確定）Hemightnotbeathome.（也許不在家）Hemaynotbeathome.（比might可能）Hecouldn’tbeathome.（很可能不在家）Hecan’tbeathome.（一定不在家）Heisn'tathome.（事實(shí)）

.在不表示推測(cè)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞中,我們要注意以下考點(diǎn):1.表示能力、許可的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。2.表示否定的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。3.shall和will的多種意義的區(qū)別。4.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞短語的使用。5.虛擬語氣中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的使用。.表示能力:can,could,beableto*beableto能用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。

can/could只能表示現(xiàn)在或過去的能力。*was/wereableto:“設(shè)法做成某事”相當(dāng)于managedtodosth.succeededindoingsth.。1.表示能力、許可的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。.1.Acomputer______thinkforitself;itmustbetoldwhattodo.A.can’tB.couldn’tC.maynotD.mightnot2.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone______getout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasabletoAD.3.Theywill______runthismachineontheirowninthreemonths.A.canB.couldC.mayD.beableto4.Thatbigcinema______seat2,000people.A.canB.shouldC.oughttoD.isabletoDA.表示許可:may/might,can/could

*might,could比較委婉,一般多用于疑問句.*can,may表達(dá)的語言比較隨便.*在以could,might表示征詢對(duì)方意見或表示請(qǐng)求時(shí)，回答應(yīng)相應(yīng)使用can,may..5.—CouldIborrowyourdictionary?—Yes,ofcourseyou_______.A.mightB.willC.canD.should6.—MightIwatchTVaftersupper?—Yes,you________.A.mayB.mustC.mightD.canCA.2.表示否定的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法:部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定式是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞中的考點(diǎn)之一。

mustn’t不準(zhǔn),禁止needn’t沒必要(=don’thaveto)can’t不能;不可能maynot不可以;可能不shouldn’t不應(yīng)該(=oughtnotto).7.You______returnthebooknow.Youcankeepittillnextweekifyoulike.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot8.Johnny,you______playwiththeknife,you______hurtyourself.A.won’t;can’tB.mustn’t;mayC.shouldn’t;mustD.can’t;shouldn’tCB.9.--Willyoustayforlunch?--Sorry,_____.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.A.Imustn’tB.Ican’tC.Ineedn’tD.Iwon’t10.--MayIpickaflowerinthegarden?--________.A.No,youneedn’tB.Not,please.C.No,youmustn’tD.No,youwon’tBC.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：shall,will的多種意義:

shall/will+動(dòng)詞原形:

*shall可表示必須、命令、警告或征詢意見.

*

will可表示意愿、常出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作、在疑問句中表示請(qǐng)求和建議.*均可表示將來。過去時(shí)為should,would.3..11.He______bepunishedifhedisobeys.如果他不服從,就要受到懲罰.12.Wearenotgoingtoquarrelatallifyou____onlyletmespeak.只要你讓我說話,我們根本就不會(huì)吵架.13.--Sir,____hegoorstay?--Lethimgo.A.willB.shallC.mightD.couldshallwillB.14.Thedoor_______open.這門經(jīng)常打不開.15.Ronald______stayinhissmallgardenforalongtimeeverydayinthepast.A.couldB.mightC.shouldD.would16.You_____havethebookafterIreadit.我看完以后一定把這本書給你.won’tDshall.4.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞短語的使用:wouldliketodo…wouldratherdo…wouldrather+從句wouldprefertodo...hadbetterdo....改錯(cuò):1.Wouldyoulikehavingsometea?2.I’dprefergoingtothelecturethisevening.3.I’dratheryoutogotothemeeting.4.Hewouldrathertodiethantogivein.5.You’dbettertohaveyourhaircuttoday.Wouldyouliketohavesometea?I’dprefertogoto...…youwentto...Hewouldratherdiethangivein.You’dbetterhave....5.用于虛擬語氣的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:shouldmightcouldwouldneedn’toughtto.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞考題:1.Putonmoreclothes.You

befeelingcoldwithonlyashirton.

A.can

B.could

C.must

D.would2."MustIdrivetohishouseandpickupthechildren?"

"No,

."

A.youshouldn't

B.youmightnot

C.youneedn't

D.youmustn'tCC.3.Wedidn'tseeTomatthemeetingyesterday.He

it.

A.mustn'thaveattended

B.cannothaveattended

C.needn'thaveattended

D.wouldhavenotattended4.We

playchessthanbridge.Someofusdon'tknowhowtoplaybridge.

A.hadbetter

B.wouldbetter

C.wouldrather

D.hadratherBA.5.Thereissomeoneknockingatthedoor.

itbeTom?

A.can

B.must

C.should

D.oughtto6.Twoyearago,myhusbandboughtmeabicycle.Ifyouliveintown,itisoftenfasterthanacarandyou

worryaboutparking.

A.mustnot

B.maynot

C.shouldnot

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