2016高考英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)課件-圖文

EnglishBasic

verbTenses(時(shí)態(tài))

&Voices(語(yǔ)態(tài)）時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的主要考點(diǎn)1、考查在語(yǔ)境中判斷動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的運(yùn)用能力。常考的時(shí)態(tài)為：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)，將來(lái)完成時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)等。2、時(shí)間、條件、讓步等狀語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)；主從句時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)問(wèn)題。3、延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和終止性動(dòng)詞的用法區(qū)別。4、及物動(dòng)詞（vt.)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。5、某些以主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義的動(dòng)詞的用法。1)表經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與表示頻率的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如always,often/usually/frequently,sometimes,every…,

at…,onSundays/….

動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)（Tenses)Fillintheblanks.I_____(study)hard

abroadeverydayandI_____(get)alongwellwithmyroommates,butsometimesI_____(miss)myfamilies.studygetmiss.一.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

(ThePresentIndefinite)Correctthesentence.Thegeographyteachertoldusthattheearthmovedaroundthesun._______2)表客觀事實(shí)、普遍真理。注意：主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)（he/she/it或單個(gè)的人名、單個(gè)的事物名稱）謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+s/es,其余人稱作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形.movesTheshopwillcloseat9:00p.m._____3)表示按計(jì)劃、規(guī)定，時(shí)間表將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),一般用于,come,go,start,begin,leave,arrive,return等位移/終止性動(dòng)詞，常與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用．Thetrainleavesat6tomorrowmorning.Whendoesthebusstart?Itstartsin2minutes.

closes一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的典型例句ProfessorWilliamskeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuturebelongstothewell-educated.Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwon’tgothere.3.Remembertosendmeaphotoofusnexttimeyouwritetome.注意一些特殊的連詞until,assoonas,themoment,immediately;aslongas,unless…4.Therecomesthebus.汽車來(lái)了

Theregoesthebell.鈴響了二.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(ThePresentContinuousTense)

2)

表示目前這段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,但說(shuō)話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。We___________(have)

Englishclassnow.arehavingShe___________(learn)pianounderMr.Smithatpresent.islearning1)

表示現(xiàn)在這個(gè)時(shí)刻(指說(shuō)話時(shí))正在發(fā)生的事情。

Translatethesentence.這個(gè)女孩老是在公共場(chǎng)所高談闊論。Thegirlis

alwaystalkingloudinpublic.★進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)與always,often/usually/frequently/constantly/allthetime等頻度副詞連用，表經(jīng)常反復(fù)的行動(dòng)或說(shuō)話人贊嘆或厭惡等感情色彩.3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用來(lái)表示按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,多用于位移/終止性動(dòng)詞,如:come,go,arrive,leave,stay,fly,takeoff.I____________(leave)tomorrow._____you_______(stay)heretillnextweek?amleavingArestaying4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示現(xiàn)在不斷發(fā)展變化的事情。It’slateAutumn.Theweatherisgettingcolderandcolder.Correctthesentence.AllthestudentshereisbelongingtoNo.1MiddleSchool.________belong(1)表心理狀態(tài)、情感的動(dòng)詞：like,love,hate,care,remember,believe,want,mind,agree,mean,need(2)表存在的狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞：have,appear,exist,lie,remain,seem,belongto,dependon。(3)瞬間動(dòng)詞：begin/start,allow,accept,permit,promise,admit,complete。(4)感官動(dòng)詞：see,hear,notice,feel,smell,sound,taste,look。【注意】

一般情況下，下面4類動(dòng)詞無(wú)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)：

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)典型句型Heisalwaysaskingmethesamequestion.That‘sboring！2.----Doyouworkhere？

--—No，I'mjusthelpingoutuntilthenewsecretarycomes.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的比較

①暫時(shí)性動(dòng)作和經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作

Thecomputerisworkingperfectly.

計(jì)算機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)得很好。（暫時(shí)）

Thecomputerworksperfectly.

計(jì)算機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)很好。（一直如此）

②持續(xù)性動(dòng)作和短暫性動(dòng)作

Thebusisstopping.

車停了下來(lái)。（漸漸地）

Thebusstops.車停了。（迅速）

③暫時(shí)性動(dòng)作和永久性動(dòng)作

Sheislivinginthecountry.

她現(xiàn)在住在農(nóng)村。（暫時(shí)）

Shelivesinthecountry.

她住在農(nóng)村。（永久）

④有感情色彩和沒(méi)有感情色彩

Heisdoingwellatschool.

他在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)很好。（贊揚(yáng)）

Hedoeswellatschool.

他在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)很好。（一般事實(shí)）三.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(ThepresentPerfectTense)

1).現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示從過(guò)去開(kāi)始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),通常用于延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞.常與表一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用,如:sofar,upto/tillnow,lately/recently,in/during/overthelast/past…,since…,for…

等．He__________(live)inGuiyangoverthepast6years.haslived2).說(shuō)話前發(fā)生的一次或多次的動(dòng)作，成為了一種經(jīng)歷，表示過(guò)去的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有:just,already,yet,

ever,never,once，twice，manytimes等.We____________(finish)ourlunchalready.______youever______(try)thismethod?

havefinishedHavetried注意：Ihavereceivedhisletterforamonth.

Ihaven'treceivedhisletterforalmostamonth.非延續(xù)性/瞬間/終止性動(dòng)詞的否定形式可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用于完成時(shí)態(tài)中，即動(dòng)作不發(fā)生的狀態(tài)是可以持續(xù)的。

如：begin/start,find,see,marry,buy，borrow,return,die,get等。（錯(cuò)）（對(duì)）Let’spractice1.Daniel__________(live)inBeijingsincehecametoChina.2.Theboysaretired.They_______________(justplay)aballgame.3.IwenttoEgyptin1986.Thenin2004Iwentthereagain.I__________(be)toEgypttwice.haslivedhavejustplayedhavebeensince和for

填空since+______,用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作起始時(shí)間for+_______,用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間。

Ihavelivedhere____atleast

twentyyears.

Ihavelivedhere____Iwasborn.

時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間段forsince現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)典型句型Mybrotherhasneverbeenabroadbefore.Itis/hasbeenthreeyearssincehejoinedthearmy.3.In(over)thepast10years,ourschoolhavechangedalot.4.ItisthefirsttimethatIhavebeenthere.5.Howardisoneofthemostfamousexplorerstheworldhaseverknown.語(yǔ)篇填空

Welcometoourschool.I’dliketointroduceyouplansforourschool.Alotofwork1____________(do)inthepastfewyears.Thelibrary2________________(complete)andisreadyforuse.Butwestillhavetodomorework.1.由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)inthepastfewyears可知。2.根據(jù)isreadyforuse可推出。hasbeendonehasbeencompleted

固定的特殊句型：

1).Itis(hasbeen)+一段時(shí)間+since-clause.2)This

(That/It)isthefirst(second…)time+that-clause(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)).

Tips:

Multiplechoice

---Hi,Tracy,youlooktired.---Iamtired.I_____thelivingroomallday.A.painted B.hadpainted C.havebeenpainting D.havepaintedNowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy______goingbacktoschool,butshe_______yet.

Ahadconsidered,hadn’tdecided Bhasbeenconsidering,hasn’tdecidedCconsidered,didn’tdecide Disgoingtoconsider,won’tdecideCB四.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示從過(guò)去開(kāi)始的一個(gè)動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且還在進(jìn)行當(dāng)中。強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在一直在進(jìn)行”。其時(shí)間的判定由具體的時(shí)間段或上下句的語(yǔ)境決定。Nowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy____goingbacktoschool,butshehasn’tdecidedyet.hadconsideredB.hasbeenconsideringC.consideredD.isgoingtoconsiderB句意：既然露西失業(yè)了，她一直在考慮返校讀書(shū)，但她還沒(méi)有定下來(lái)。解析

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)都表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去開(kāi)始，但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可表示事件或動(dòng)作剛結(jié)束，而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)則強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作仍在繼續(xù)。

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的對(duì)比：

_______________________________________________past&pastpastnowfuture_______________________________________past&pastpastnowfuturePPT:havedonehavebeendoingPPCTLiJia__________(read)abookaboutStonehenge.(Shefinishedreadingthebook.)LiJia________________(read)abookaboutStonehenge.(Sheisstillreadingthebook.)

hasread

hasbeenreading

五.一般過(guò)去時(shí)

(TheSimplePastTense)

1.表過(guò)去發(fā)生了的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常與表過(guò)去的時(shí)間連用。如yesterday,last…,…ago,in…,then,justnow,theotherday等。I__________(spend)mychildhoodhappilywithmyoldfriendsinthecountrysideseveralyearsago.Spent注意：2.表示說(shuō)話人始料未及的事情，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Ididn’tknowitwasyou.Ineverexpectedyouwouldbringmeagift.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的典型例句Heoftensangwhenhewasaboy.2.----Edward，youplaysowell.ButIdidn'tknowyouplayedthepiano.3.—YouspeakverygoodFrench!—Thanks.IstudiedFrenchinSichuanUniversityforfouryears.4.Ithinkthefilmwasinteresting,butitisn’t.(T/F)thought過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)HehaslivedinBeijingforfouryears.他在北京住了四年了。（現(xiàn)在仍住那兒）HelivedinBeijingforfouryears.他曾在北京住了四年。（現(xiàn)在不住那兒了）1.HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIwasill.2.HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIfellill.

句1從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞句2從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為終止性動(dòng)詞自從我病愈以來(lái)，他屢次給我寫(xiě)信。自從我生病以來(lái)，他屢次給我寫(xiě)信。

Itisoneyearsincehebeganlivingthere.Itisoneyearsincehelivedthere.若since引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí)，則從句表示的時(shí)間是“從那持續(xù)動(dòng)作結(jié)束或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時(shí)算起”。Itishalfamonthsincehewasastudent.Ihaven’theardanynoisesinceIslept.

高考題點(diǎn)擊：1.---Nancyisnotcomingtonight.---Butshe_____!A.promises B.promised C.willpromiseD.hadpromised2.Myuncle_____untilhewasforty-five.A.married B.didn’tmarry C.wasnotmarrying D.wouldmarry說(shuō)明：until

修飾的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞并且為肯定形式，表示該動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到until后的時(shí)間為止；終止性動(dòng)詞只能用在否定句中，表示直到此時(shí)該動(dòng)作才開(kāi)始。BB3.---Youhaven’tsaidawordaboutmynewcoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?---I’msorryI_______anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkit’sprettyonyou.A.wasn’tsaying B.don’tsay C.won’tsay D.didn’tsay4.Ithinkthefilmwasinteresting,butitisn’t._________Dthought(1)Duringthesummerof2010she___________(travel)inEurope.wastraveling五.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

Thepastcontinuoustense規(guī)則1：過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一階段內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行或頻繁發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.

(3)I____________(wonder)ifyoucouldgivemealift.waswondering★規(guī)則3：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示委婉語(yǔ)氣.(2)ImetDianawhileI____________(shop)thismorning.規(guī)則2：某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)另一動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，常用于由when/while,as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中.wasshopping僅限于wonder，want,hope等，用于提出請(qǐng)求。5.Asshe____thenewspaper,Granny____asleep.A.read…wasfalling B.wasreading…fellC.wasreading…wasfalling D.read…fell說(shuō)明：一般來(lái)說(shuō)在復(fù)合句中的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，延續(xù)性的動(dòng)作大都用進(jìn)行時(shí)，短暫性的動(dòng)作用一般時(shí)，表示在某個(gè)動(dòng)作進(jìn)行的過(guò)程當(dāng)中另一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生了。B七.過(guò)去完成時(shí)(haddone)表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去，即過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前

發(fā)生的事情或存在的狀態(tài)。

表示過(guò)去某時(shí)間前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況

(過(guò)去的過(guò)去）

IhadstayedinBeijingforthreeyearsby2003.

當(dāng)我去到機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí),他已經(jīng)走了.WhenIgottotheairport,_____________________.他說(shuō)他之前讀過(guò)這本書(shū).Hesaid______________________.Bytheendoflastmonthwehaveviewedscoresofwebsites.hehadalready

lefthehadread

thebookbeforehad7.Thelittlegirl____herheartoutbecauseshe____hertoybearandbelievedshewasn’tevergoingtofindit.A.hadcried,lost B.cried,hadlost C.hascried,haslost D.cries,haslost8.—Hurryup!AliceandSuearewaitingforyouattheschoolgate.—Oh!Ithoughtthey______withoutme.

A．went

B．a(chǎn)regoing

C．havegone

D．hadgoneBD六.過(guò)去完成時(shí)

(ThepastperfectTense)表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去，即過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生的事情或存在的狀態(tài)。Wearrivedearlierthanwe_______________(expect).hadexpected規(guī)則2：表示未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望、打算、意圖、承諾等。常用had

hoped/planned/meant/intended/thought/wanted/expected(＋that…/to

do)或用上述動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式接不定式完成式表示，即：hoped/planned…＋to(have

done)。Theyhad

been

learningabroadfor6yearstilllastmonth.Bob__________________(serve)inthearmybeforehebecameajournalist.七.過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

Thepastperfectcontinuoustense結(jié)構(gòu)：hadbeen+v-ing表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前一直進(jìn)行的事情。hadbeenservingTheemployer_________________(interview)alltheemployeesnextWednesday.

ProfessorSmith____________________(lecture)onmoderndramatonight.

Thedarkcloudsis/wasgathering.There________________(be)astorm.willinterview八.一般(過(guò)去)將來(lái)時(shí)(TheSimple/PastFutureTense)1.表示(過(guò)去)將來(lái)/要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。will/would+v.isgoingtolecture2.表(過(guò)去)計(jì)劃、安排、打算、預(yù)測(cè)將要做某事。am/is/are(was/were)goingto+v.is/wasgoingtobeTheywillsay/saidgoodbye,littleknowingthey____________________never___________(meet)again.He____________________(apologize)tomewhensomeonegaveasuddenblowonhisshoulder.will(would)/are(were)meet/tomeet3.am/is/are(was/were)

to

do

sth.表按計(jì)劃、安排(過(guò)去)即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，還可表示吩咐、命令、禁止、可能性等.wasabouttoapologize4.am/is/are(was/were)abouttodosth.(when…)“正/就要做某事”（不與具體時(shí)間連用）I______________(enjoy)thebeautifulsunshinebathinFloridathisweekend.We______________________(accomplish)theservicetaskinthiscommunitybeforenextSaturday.willbeenjoying九.將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)

TheFutureContinousTense表將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。will

be

+v-ingwillhaveaccomplished十.將來(lái)完成時(shí)

TheFuturePerfectTense表將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間已經(jīng)完成的事情。will

have

+v.pp狀語(yǔ)從句中的時(shí)態(tài)1.---CanIjointheclub,Dad?---Youcanwhenyou_____abitolder.A.get B.willget C.aregetting D.willhavegot2.Insuchdryweather,theflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey_____.A.havesurvived B.aretosurvive C.wouldsurvive D.willsurviveAB3.TheWTOcan’tliveuptoitsnameunlessitwillincludeacountrythatishometoone-fifthofmankind.________4.Japanwillneverberecovered/restoredevenifitwillreturnDiaoyuIslandstoChina._______5.Theharderyouwillstudy,thebetterresultsyouwillget.doesdoes

含有狀語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句時(shí)態(tài)主將從現(xiàn)。其它主從復(fù)合句中時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)1.Idon’tthink___________________________.他（將）通過(guò)（了）駕駛測(cè)試。2.TheWhitesexpected___________________________Tonny

能出國(guó)深造。hewillpass(passed)thedrivingtestTonnycouldstudyfurtherabroad主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，（賓語(yǔ)）從句可為任何時(shí)態(tài)；主句為過(guò)去時(shí)，（賓語(yǔ)）從句跟相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。1.LeaveitwithmeandI_____whatIcando.A.seeB.seeingC.amseeing D.willsee2.Pleasegivebloodifyoucanorsomelives______.A.scareaway B.couldscareawayC.scaredawayD.toscareawayDB在祈使句＋and/or/…＋陳述句句型中，陳述句中只能用will/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋動(dòng)詞原形。Remember下列句型Itis(has

been)/was

＋一段時(shí)間＋since…(did/had

done)

This(That/It)is/wasthefirst(second…)timethat…＋have(has)done/had

done

This(That/It)is/wastheonly…＋that…＋have(has)done/had

done

This(That/It)is/wasthebest/finest/mostinteresting…＋that…＋have(has)done/had

doneWehadno

soonerbeenseatedthanthebusstarted.=Hardly/Scarcely_____webeenseatedwhenthebusstarted.=Thebusstartedas

soon

aswewereseated.hadHardly/scarcely…過(guò)去完成時(shí)+when…一般過(guò)去時(shí)Nosooner…過(guò)去完成時(shí)+than…一般過(guò)去時(shí)2.Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnology_____sorapidly.A.ischanging B.haschanged C.willhavechanged D.willchangeA3._____mysisterthreetimestodaybutherlinewasalways

busy.

A.I’dphoned B.I’vebeenphoning

C.I’vephoned D.IwasphoningC4.HewillhavelearnedEnglishforeightyearsbythetimehe_____fromtheuniversitynextyear.A.willgraduate B.willhavegraduatedC.graduates D.istograduate5.It____longbeforewe____theresultoftheexperiment.A.willnotbe,willknow B.is,willknowC.willnotbe,know D.is,knowCC6.By

thetimeJanegetshome,heraunt_______forLondontoattend

a

meeting.A.willleaveB.leaves C.willhaveleftD.left7.Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathe_____officesoon.A.leaves B.wouldleave C.left D.hadleftCBRemember:by…“到……為止”句子用完成時(shí)態(tài)。8.---Oh,it’syou!I____you.---I’vejusthadmyhaircutandI’mwearingnewglasses.didn’trecognizeB.hadn’trecognizedC.haven’trecognizedD.don’trecognize9.AThereportersaidthattheUFO___easttowestwhenhesawit.wastravellingB.travelledC.hadbeentravellingD.wastotravelA10.WhenIwasatcollegeI___threeforeignlanguages,butI___allexceptafewwordsofeach.A.spoke;hadforgottenB.spoke;haveforgottenC.hadspoken;hadforgottenD.hadspoken;haveforgotten11.---Ihaven’theardfromHenryforalongtime.---Whatdoyousuppose____tohim?A.washappeningB.tohappenC.hashappenedD.hadhappened12.Jack___apostmanforaboutsixyears.A.hasbecomeB.hasturnedC.haschangedD.hasbeenBCD動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)(voices)

動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)部分結(jié)構(gòu)：be

+

v.pp

動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)一覽表(以do為例）時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)do/does現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/aredoing現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/hasdone一般過(guò)去時(shí)did過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/weredoing過(guò)去完成時(shí)haddone一般將來(lái)時(shí)willdo將來(lái)完成時(shí)willhavedoneam/is/aredoneam/is/arebeingdonehave/hasbeendonewas/weredonewas/werebeingdonehadbeendonewillbedonewillhavebeendone及物動(dòng)詞(vt.)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不及物動(dòng)詞(vi.)或短語(yǔ)無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài).

比較：rise是不及物動(dòng)詞；raise是及物動(dòng)詞。

Thepricehasbeenrisen.

Thepricehasrisen.

Thepricehasraised.

Thepricehasbeenraised.

Theaccidentwashappenedlastweek.

Theaccidenthappenedlastweek.

(錯(cuò))(對(duì))(錯(cuò))(對(duì))(錯(cuò))(對(duì))

1、對(duì)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題，關(guān)注很少。Littleattention

waspaid

tothisproblem.2、課堂上應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)小組討論。Groupdiscussionshouldbeencouragedinclass.3、據(jù)報(bào)導(dǎo)，這里將修建一條新的馬路。Itisreportedthatanewroadwillbebuilthere.4、必須采取措施來(lái)防止河流受到污染。Measuresshouldbetakentostoptheriverfrombeingpolluted.主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)

getdone1).Thepatientgottreatedonceaweek.2).Hegotinjuredwhilesearchingforthelostboyinthewoods.

3).Trytoavoid_____________(受傷害）

whilebeinginlovewithothers.

gettinghurt4).Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget_____（pay）bythehour.paid 二、 主動(dòng)形式

表

被動(dòng)意義1.連系動(dòng)詞look,sound,feel,smell,taste,appear,seem,go,prove,turn,stay,become,fall,get,grow,keep+adj.

構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu),主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。Thesteelfeelscold.Hisplanproved(tobe)practical.Theyogurtinthefridge______________(已經(jīng)變質(zhì)）.hasgonebad

2.表示開(kāi)始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞。如:begin,finish,start,open,close,stop,end,shut,run,move等主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。Workbeganat7o’clockthismorning.Theshopclosesat6p.m.everyday.3.need/want/requiredoing,beworthdoing,betoblame主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。Theequipmentinthecorner________________(需要修理).requiresrepairingIfeelitisyourhusbandwho______(blame)forthespoiledchild.Theman_______(blame)fortheaccidenthasbeenpunished.

Whodoyouthink____forthefailureoftheirmarriage?A.toblameB.tobeblameC.istoblameD.istobeblamed

Cistoblame toblame Theclothwasheswell.

Hisbookdoesnotsell.4.表示主語(yǔ)的某種屬性特征的動(dòng)詞。如

read,write,act,iron,draw,sell,wash,clean,wear,open,shut,dry,eat,drink.這類動(dòng)詞

一般

不單獨(dú)使用，常有well,easily等修飾語(yǔ)。Haveatest!1、I’llgivethebooktohimassoonashe________(come)back.2、Hasthebaby________cryingyet?(stop)3、Idon’tknowwhetherMother__________metoBeijingnextmonth.(take)4、She_______onhercoatandwentout.(put)comesstoppedwilltakeput5、“Whataretheydoing?”“They__________readyforthesportsmeeting.”(get)6、Theboyaskedhismother________himgoandplaybasketball.(let)7、I’msorrytokeepyou____________foralongtime.(wait)aregettingtoletwaiting8、Mr.Yu_____________(teach)usmathssince1982.9.Thewindowsofourlab___________(clean)onceaweek.10、Ourteacher___________(join)thepartytwentyyearsago.11、She___________(work)inthisfactoryfortenyears.hastaughtarecleanedjoinedhasworked12.ItisthefirsttimethatI____________(visit)thecity13.Nosooner______he________(enter)theofficethanthetelephonerang．14.ItismysecondtimethatI________________(see)thisbook.havevisitedhadenteredhaveseen15.I_____________(do)myhomeworkwhenUFOarrived.16.WhileI______________(sleep),myfathercamein.17.Workhardandyou_______________(succeed)，wasdoingwassleepingwillsucceed=Workinghard,youwillsucceedpartthree動(dòng)詞變?nèi)龁危?/p>

動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的變化規(guī)則：

①、一般情況下，詞尾加s，如；like----likes,want----wants.

②、以s,x,ch,sh,o結(jié)尾的加es，如，watch---watches,go---goes。

③、以y結(jié)尾的歸兩大類：

★元音+y要加s，如play----plays

★輔音+y要變y為i+es如study---studies動(dòng)詞ing變化規(guī)則1.通常在動(dòng)詞后加ing。如play→playing2.以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,去e加ing。如make→making

3.以輔元輔結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，雙寫(xiě)末尾字母，再加ing。如run→running,cut,begin,shut4.以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變ie為y，再加ing。如lie→lying

注：travel/quarrel可雙寫(xiě)l，也可不雙寫(xiě)。如travel→travelling/traveling5.Refer–referring,prefer,occur動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化:

[1]e,ie

結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,直接加d:smile--smiled;.died;tied..

[2]一個(gè)元音加一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞:

(1)對(duì)單音節(jié)單詞,雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)輔音字母加ed.stopped;planned;

(2)對(duì)雙音節(jié)單詞,如果重讀在第二個(gè)音節(jié)處,雙寫(xiě)詞尾輔音字母加ed.如:preferred(重讀在fer前);admitted;referred;4]y結(jié)尾的情況:

元音+y結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞,直接加ed:played;enjoyed.

輔音+y結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞,y變i加ed:worried;studied.(2015·江蘇高考)Therealreasonwhyprices________(be),andstillare,toohighiscomplex,andnoshortdiscussioncansatisfactorilyexplainthisproblem.

(2015·湖南高考)Asyougothroughthisbook,you________(find)thateachofthemillionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarⅡhadadifferentexperience.

were

willfind3.(2015·湖南高考)HemusthavesensedthatI________(look)athim.Hesuddenlyglancedatmeandsaidquietly,“Whyareyoustaringatmelikethat?”4.(2015·湖南高考)Ihadastrongdesiretoreachinandplaywiththetoy,but________(hold)backthankfullybytheshopwindow.waslookingwasheld5.(2015·北京高考)—Didyouenjoytheparty?—Yes.We________(treat)wellbyourhosts.6.(2015·北京高考)Inthelastfewyears,China________(make)greatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.

weretreated

hasmade7.(2015·重慶高考)—IsPetercoming?—No,he________(change)hismindafteraphonecallatthelastminute.8.(2015·重慶高考)Inmyhometown,thereisalwaysaharvestsupperforthefarmersafterallthewheat________(cut).changedhasbeencutverb（謂語(yǔ)）tense（時(shí)態(tài)）voice（語(yǔ)態(tài)）subject-verbagreement（主謂一致）non-verb（非謂語(yǔ)）element（成分）logicalsubject（邏輯主語(yǔ)）relation（關(guān)系）1.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventoften________(result)inthecontrarytoourdestination.（2008年廣東高考）2.China_________(be)famousforteaproductionsinceancienttimes.(2013年惠州模擬）3.ThatwasdefinitelynotanattractiveideasoIpolitelydeclinedherinvitation,_______(close)mybookandwalkedaway.(2008年廣州一模)4.Thechild_______________(take)goodcareofbyGrandmaWanginthepast2years.closedhasbeenresultshasbeentaken5.Hesawthestone,______(say)tohimself:“Thenightwillbeverydark.”6.Thecomputer________(use)forthispurposeisprogrammedtobefriendly.7.Hetried