Unit4 Grammar課件 牛津深圳版九年級(jí)上冊(cè)

廣州牛津版九年級(jí)上冊(cè)Unit4

ProblemsandadviceGrammarRevision.Retellthefourteenagers’problemsandgiveyourownadvice.Nomatterwhatwewanttotellothers,weneedtousesentencestoexpressourselves.Sentenceelements:subjects,verbs,objects,complementsandadverbialsI

smile.(S+V)Thebraces

hurt

myteeth.(S+V+O)Thebraces

havebrought

me

somuchtrouble.(S+V+IO+DO)I

feel

embarrassed.(S+V+C)She

isdriving

me

mad.(S+V+O+C)I

saw

asicklady

twodaysago.(S+V+O+A)I

amstudying

athome.(S+V+A)句子成分：主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)。1SentencesinEnglishusuallyhaveasubject(S)andaverb(V).

英語(yǔ)句子通常有一個(gè)主語(yǔ)（S）和一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)（V）。謂語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作。主語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，即發(fā)出動(dòng)作的人或物。2Somesentencesalsohaveanobject(O).

有些句子含有賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的接受者，表示承受動(dòng)作的人或物。3Sentenceswithverbssuchasgive,bring,buyandsendcanhaveadirectobject(DO)andanindirectobject(IO).句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是give,bring,buy,send時(shí)，后面可接兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)：直接賓語(yǔ)（DO）和間接賓語(yǔ)（IO）。直接賓語(yǔ)指被接受的東西。間接賓語(yǔ)是接受東西的人。ThingstorememberWhentheindirectobjectcomesafterthedirectobject,toorforisused.Thebraces

havebrought

somuchtrouble

to

me.SVDOIO當(dāng)間接賓語(yǔ)位于直接賓語(yǔ)后時(shí)，需要加上to或for。下列動(dòng)詞后用to：bring，feed，give，hand，lend，offer，pass，pay，post，sell，send，show，take，teach，tell，write,promise,return。下列動(dòng)詞后用for：book，buy，choose，cook，fetch，leave，make，order，pick，reserve，save,call,draw,find,get,sing,save,spare。4Somesentenceshavealinkingverbfollowedbyacomplement(C).

有些含有連系動(dòng)詞的句子中，連系動(dòng)詞不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須加上表明主語(yǔ)身份或狀態(tài)的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)（C）（又叫表語(yǔ)），才能表達(dá)完整的意思。連系動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)）Somesentenceshaveanobjectfollowedbyacomplement(C).有些句子的動(dòng)詞只跟一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須加上補(bǔ)語(yǔ)（C）才能表達(dá)完整的意思。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)）ThingstorememberVerbssuchasfind,keepandmakeoftenusetheabovepattern.Itrytokeeptheroomtidy.Shemakesmeangry.find,keep和make常常使用S+V+C（主語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)），或S+V+O+C（主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）這兩種形式。5Somesentenceshaveanadverbial(A).

有些句子含有狀語(yǔ)（A）。狀語(yǔ)表示時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)等。We’rehavingagreattime.Theweatherisfine.Wereallyenjoycamping.It’sgreatfun.Wesawmanysheeponthefarm.Welikethisplace.Let’smaketheworldmorebeautiful.

I.Thinkandtellwhichsentenceelementtheunderlinedpartis.OSVCAOC

II.Readthesentencesandmatchthemwiththesentencestructures.

S+V

S+V+O

S+V+O+C

S+V+AS+V+IO+DOThatjobdrovemecrazy.Iagree.Shewillcomeat10p.m.Ihadsomemeat.

I’vemadeyousomemoretea.III.Readthesentencesandunderlinethetwoadverbialsineachsentence.1.PrinceCharlesopenedanewsportscentreinStokeyesterday2.Healsospokewithseveralyoungpeople.3.Thesportscentrewasfirstplannedin1994.4.Naturally,thelocalcouncilcouldnotfinancetheprojectwithouthelp.5.Luckily,theymanagedtogetmoneyfromtheNationalLottery.Givethesepapers______mysecretary.Couldyoumakesomecoffee______me?Bookaflight______me,willyou?Canyoupostthischeque______thehotel?Don’tshowtheseplans______anyone.Leaveamessage______mysecretary.Fetchthefile______me,willyou?Writeamemo______allthemanagers.IV.Fillinthecorrectprepositions.toforfortotoforfortoMike:Whyiseveryonelaughing?(afunnystory/us)Vicky:Danieltold_______________________.Alex:There’ssomefishleftover.(it/thecat)Laura:I’llfeed___________.Mark:Whatareyoudoingwiththosebottles?(them/thehotel)Sarah:I’mtaking_______________.Jim:Howarethingswithyou,Daniel?(ajob/me)Daniel:Fine.Someonehasoffered__________.David:Whatdidyoudowiththosepapersyoufound?(them/thepolice)Tom:Oh,Ihanded_______________.Emma:Look!It’spouringwithrain.(myumbrella/you)Rachel:It’sOK.I’lllend__________________.V.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthegivenwords.usafunnystory/afunnystorytousittothecatthemtothehotelmeajob/ajobtomethemtothepoliceyoumyumbrella/myumbrellatoyou.Tomisajuniorhighschoolstudent.(Tom,juniorhighschoolstudent,be)He______________________________________.(bestfriends,visit,everyweekend)OneofthemisaboycalledAlex.visitshisbestfriendseveryweekendLookatthepicturesbelow.Completethesentenceswiththewordsinbrackets.Addotherwordsifnecessary.Grammarexercise

Lastweekend,_____________________________________________.(Alex,somenewbooks,showed,Tom,inhisflat)SuddenlyAlexknockedaflowerpotoutofhiswindowbyaccident.This_____________________.(them,made,worried)

AlexshowedsomenewbookstoTominhisflatmadethemworriedLuckily,noonewashurtbytheflowerpot.Then______________________________.(for,wentout,anhour,AlexandTom)

AlexandTomwentoutforanhourAlexandTom_______________________________.(laterthatafternoon,returned)Theysawapolicemanquestioningaboyaboutthebrokenflowerpot.They____________________(verybad,felt),buttheydidnotknowwhattodo.returnedlaterthatafternoonfeltverybad句子成分句子所要描述人或事物，通常來(lái)說(shuō)位于句首。主語(yǔ)subject陳述或說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，通常放在主語(yǔ)的后面。動(dòng)作所涉及的對(duì)象，位于及物動(dòng)詞的后面。賓語(yǔ)object修飾、限定、說(shuō)明名詞或代詞的品質(zhì)與特征。定語(yǔ)attribute修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或者整個(gè)句子等。狀語(yǔ)adverbial補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)或者主語(yǔ)的行為、狀態(tài)、身份、特征等。補(bǔ)語(yǔ)complement謂語(yǔ)predicate表語(yǔ)predicative說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、性質(zhì)、品性、特征和狀態(tài)，常常位于系動(dòng)詞之后。主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞化的形容詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、短語(yǔ)和句子來(lái)充當(dāng)，它是句子所要描述人或事物，通常來(lái)說(shuō)位于句首。1.Theflowersareverybeautiful.2.Herunsveryquickly.3.EightisaluckynumberinChina.4.Theoldshouldbelookedafterwell.5.Tofinishyourhomeworkeverydayisnecessary.6.Readingismyhobby.7.Listeningtoothersisimportant.8.Whyhecameherelastnightisanotherquestion.Itisnecessarytofinishyourhomeworkeveryday.這句話說(shuō)的是誰(shuí)或什么的情況。謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)是用來(lái)陳述或說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，通常放在主語(yǔ)的后面，它有人稱(chēng)、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化。1.Headmireshisfatherverymuch.2.Theygetonwellwitheachother.3.Shelosthermotherforever.4.Thewindowwasbrokenlastnight.賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)一般是由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞化的形容詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞和句子等來(lái)充當(dāng)?shù)?，用?lái)表示動(dòng)作所涉及的對(duì)象，位于及物動(dòng)詞的后面。

1.Manygirlslovebeautifulflowers.2.Surprisingly,thebeardidn'tattackhim.3.Shelikesthesecond.4.Wecan'tignorethepoor.5.Sherefusedtogowithhim.6.Ienjoylisteningtomusic.7.Iwanttoknowwheresheboughtthatvaluablebook.定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)，通常是由名詞、形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、從句等來(lái)充當(dāng)，用來(lái)修飾、限定、說(shuō)明名詞或代詞的品質(zhì)與特征。作定語(yǔ)的詞，通常要放在它所修飾的詞之前，作為前置定語(yǔ)；短語(yǔ)或者從句作定語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，常要放在它所修飾的詞之后，作為后置定語(yǔ)。1.Ittookmealongtimetogettothetrainstation.2.Heisoneofmybestfriends.3.Thereare5monitorsinmyclass.4.Ican'timagineaworldwithouttrees.5.Shepaidnoattentiontotheburningclothes.6.Ihavesomethingtosay.7.Thegirlwhoisalwayscheerfulhelpsmanypeopleinherdailylife.狀語(yǔ)一般是由副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或者從句來(lái)充當(dāng)，用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或者整個(gè)句子等，說(shuō)明時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、條件、目的、結(jié)果、讓步、方式和比較等。大家需要注意的是，不同的狀語(yǔ)出現(xiàn)在句子中的位置也不同。1.HecanspeakEnglishverywell.2.Thereisastatureonthesquare.3.Inordertosavewater,hetakesashowerinsteadoftakingabath.4.Beingill,hedidn'tfinishhishomeworkyesterday.5.WhenIwasalittlegirl,Idreamedofbecomingaprincess.狀語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)一般是由名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等來(lái)充當(dāng)，用來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)或者主語(yǔ)的行為、狀態(tài)、身份、特征等。補(bǔ)語(yǔ)可以分為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。

1.WeelectedLucyourmonitoryesterday.2.Shefindsthebookinteresting.3.Let'sgetthemeetingover.4.Wemetalionintrouble.5.Mymotheroftentellsmetoworkhardatschool.6.Canyouhearsomeonesinginginthenextroom?7.Thebooksinthatshoparequiteinteresting.補(bǔ)語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)是由名詞、代詞、形容詞、數(shù)詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、從句等來(lái)充當(dāng)?shù)?，用?lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、性質(zhì)、品性、特征和狀態(tài)，常常位于系動(dòng)詞之后。常見(jiàn)的系動(dòng)詞有：be,become,appear,seem,look,sound,feel,get,smell等。1.Iamateacher.2.Thebookismine.3.Shefeelsmuchbettertoday.4.Thenumberofthestudentsinmyclassis50.5.Hewasabroadlastsummer.6.Heisnotathome.7.Myhobbyisreading.8.Hisdreamistobecomeabasketballplayer.9.Thequestioniswhenwecanarriveatthehotel.表語(yǔ)afraid害怕的alike相同的alive活著的alone單獨(dú)的ashamed羞愧的asleep睡著的awake醒著的awar