2021年5月北京地區(qū)成人本科學(xué)士學(xué)位英語統(tǒng)一考試真題及答案

北京地區(qū)成人本科學(xué)士學(xué)位英語統(tǒng)一考試2021.5.15PartIReadingComprehension(30%)Passage1Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Asanyparentwithmorethanonekidknows,sibling(兄弟姐妹)relationshipscanbecomplicated,attimesdifferingbetweenbeingclosefriendsandrivals.Siblingrivalinginparticularcanbeachallengetodealwithinnormaltimes,butwithmanyfamiliesspendingmoretimetogetherthaneverbecauseoftheworldwidepandemic(大流行病)in2020andonline(在線的)schooling,thatcancreateevenmoretensioninsomesiblingrelationships.“Siblingrivalryishardtodealwith."RebeccaKennedysays.“Thefirststepisrealizingthatkidsdooftenseesiblingsasrivals.It,stoughtohaveasiblingbecauseattheendofthedayasiblingis,insomeways,competingforthescarceresourceofparents,attentionorlove.”O(jiān)nethingthatparentscandotoremovejealousyandrivalryistohelpeachchildfeelvaluedinhisorherspecialness.JanineDominguessays:“Fixsomespace—it'syourbrother,sdaytodayandtomorrow,sgoingtobeyours.Thatcancreateahealthyrelationshipwithparentsandsiblings.Themoreattentionchildrenfeelfromparents,themoreconnectedtheyfeeltotheparentsandactuallythemorelikelythey,llseesiblingsasfriendsandnotrivals.”Theotheristoavoidcomparingsiblingswitheachother.It'seasyforsomeparentstotrytoencourageonechildbycomparinghimorherwithasibling.ButKennedysuggeststhatparentsshouldlookathowmuchthey,rereinforcingcompetitionbypittingsiblingsagainsteachother.Shesays:“Sometimesitfeelsliketheeasierwaytogetachildtodosomethingthatasiblingisdoing,butwearethengettingthemintogazingateachotherasrivalsagain,ratherthanasfriends.”1.Anobviousfactwithsiblingsisthat.theyseldomseeeachotherasfriendstheyneverseeeachotherasclosefriendstheyalwaysseeeachotherasenemiestheysometimesseeeachotherascompetitorsWhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutParagraph2isTRUE?Thepandemichasmadesiblingrelationshipsnormal.Thepandemichasreducedthetensionforsiblingstodoonlineschooling.Thepandemichashelpedtomakesiblingrelationshipscloser.Thepandemichasincreasedthetoughnessforsiblingstogetalong.Thereasonforsiblingrivalryisthatsiblingspeteforparents,attentionorloveendurebeingcomparedwitheachotherliketodosomethingthatparentsaredoingdifferbetweenclosefriendsandrivalsThewordpittinginthelastparagraphprobablymeansmakingsomeone.createreinforcecompeteencourageThepassageismainlyabout.siblingcompetitionandparents,attentionsiblingrivalryandthesolutionsiblingequalityandtheapproachsiblingclosenessandfamilylovePassage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Whenaskedaboutthepossibilityoffuturepandemics,scientistssayanotheroneiscomingandit'sjustamatterofwhen.Infact,thereareabout1.7millionviruses（病毒）thatarebelievedtoexistinanimals,andnearlyhalfcouldpotentiallyjumpfromanimalstohumansandkickoffanotherpandemic.FindingwaystopreventthatisthemotivationdrivingateamofresearchersattheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavis.Theyaretryingtohelptheworld'sscientistsdeterminehowdangerouseachvirusmightbebyrankingitslikelihoodofbeingtransmitted(傳染)tohumansandchangingintoaformthathumanscouldeasilypasstooneanother.Theteamhaslaunchedaweb-basedtoolcalledSpillover.Itevaluates32riskfactorstogenerateariskscore.“Welookedatvirusesknowntobetransmissiblefromanimalstohumansandthosethatwerenewlydiscovered,”saysZoeGrange,whoworkedontheprojectasawildlifediseasescientist.Bymarking“high-risk”viruses,thispubliclyavailabledatabaseisintendedtocreateawatchlist(觀察名單)forscientistsandpolicymakers.Grangeandhercolleaguescameupwiththeideaofarankingtoolinthespringof2017.TheSpilloverdatabaseisdesignedsothatresearcherscanaddtheirownreports.Theycanaddtheirvirusdiscoveriesanddotheirownrankings.(79)It’satooleveryonecanuse.Unlikeothertoolsthatevaluatetheriskofalimitednumberofviruses,thisdatabasefocuseson887virusesfoundinwildlife.SARS-CoV-2,whichisthevirusbehindCOVID-19,comesinsecondplaceforitslikelihoodtocausediseaseandspreadwithinhumanpopulations.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?ThePossibilityofFuturePandemicsTheSpillOverDatabaseMajorThreatstoGlobalHealthAnimalsSpreadingVirusesAccordingtothepassage,aboutvirusescouldpossiblyjumpfromanimalstohumans.A.1.7millionB.850,000C.2017D.887ThephrasekickoffinParagraph2probablymeans.A.avoidB.controlstartreportWithSpillOver,scientistscan.preventthenextpandemicdiscovermorevirusesinnaturefindeffectivewaystofightthevirusespaycloseattentiontohigh-riskvirusesAccordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?Scientistssayit,sonlyamatteroftimebeforeanotherpandemichappens.ResearcherscanaddtheirvirusdiscoveriestotheSpillOverdatabase.SpillOverranksvirusesintermsofriskfactors.SpillOverevaluatestheriskofalimitednumberofviruses.Passage3Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Friedfoodisdelicious,butitcomeswithbaggage--studieshaveshownthatitcanincreasetheriskofheartdiseaseandstroke（中風(fēng)）.Eversinceairfryers（空氣炸鍋）cameout,theyhavebeenrankedas“must-havehomecooker”status,andit,sbeeneasierthanevertoeatvegetables,fishandmeatthattastelikethey,vebeendeepfried.Tolearnthebenefitsofairfrying,wespoketosomefoodspecialistsfromaroundthecountry.Let,snotshrinkthemiracleofairfrying:It,shavingyourcakeandeatingittoo."Airfryersareoneofthebestwaystogetthesametasteoffriedfoodswithouttheunhealthinessthatcomesalongwiththem,”BansariAcharyasaid.“Itpreservesthegoodthingsinthefooditemsasitisn'texposedtohotoil.Italsoreducestheamountofvariousfatsinfoods,loweringtheriskforheartdisease.”Whencomparedwithdeepfrying,airfryingisclearlythehealthierchoice.Thafsbecausedeepfryinginvolvesusingtoomuchoilwhileairfryingsimplyusesheatandapowerfulfantoefficientlyandevenlycookthefoodinyourfryer.Itrequireszerooil,thoughsomecanbehelpful.“Sincefoodpreparedinanairfryerrequireshardlyanycookingoil,ithasalotlessfatthantraditionalfryingmethods,”MorgynClairsaid.“Thehealthiestwaytoairfryistouseaslittleoilaspossible.Usejustenoughsoyourfooddoesn,tstick.”Thetypeoffoodyou'reairfryingcanmakeadifferencewhenitcomestoyourhealth.Certainfoodscantummorenutritious(有營養(yǎng)的)whenairfried,suchaspotatoes,cornandbeansandsoonwhileotherfoodslikemeatcanbecomeharmfultoyourhealth.ThewordbaggageinParagraphIprobablymeans.bagpackflavorburdenWhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutairfryers?Airfryershavebeenregardedasnecessaryinthekitchen.Airfryersneedmuchmoreoilincookingavegetable.Airfryerscanonlybeusedfordeepfrying.Airfryerscanincreasefatinfood.Themiracleofairfryersisthat.theycanachievethedeepfriedtastewithhardlyanyoiltheycanpreservethenutritiouselementsinfoodbyusingoiltheycanworkmoreefficientlythantraditionalfryingtoolstheycanalsofrycakesbutthesizedoesnotshrinkWhichofthefollowingcanbethetitleofthispassage?AirFryersReducingHeartDiseaseDeepFryingandAirFryersAirFryersandFriedFoodAdvantagesofAirFryersAccordingtoMorgynClair,.airfryingishealthierbecauseitneedssomespecialoilairfryingisthebestchoicebecauseitinvolvesusingmuchlessoilairfryingdoesnotdifferfromdeepfrying5airfryingdoesnotprovidethedeepfriedtastePartIIVocabularyandStructure(30%)Notuntilhetalkedtothemthathehadbeenwrong.didherealizeherealizedhasherealizedhedidn’rtalizeItisbecausesheistooyoungshedoesnotknowhowtodealwiththesituation.sothatsothatthereforeAlice,togetherwithtwoboys,forhavingbrokentheschoolrule.waspunishedwerepunishedpunishedbeingpunishedAfterlivinginHongKongforfiftyyears,hereturnedtothesmalltownhewasbornandgrewupasachild.whichthatwherewhenThemoongivesnolightofitsown.offupinD.awayTheannouncementsaysthattheclassmeetingwillbeat7o,clockTuesdayevening.takenmadeplacedheldThepriceofseafoodisveryduringtheSpringFestival.expensivehighvaluableworthysuggestthatyouhimgooutifhewantsmiseagreeletallowShecleansherroomonceaweek,anditusuallyhertwohourstodoit.spendsworkstakespassesWe,verunpaperandink.PleasegoandaskMissElainetolendussome.awaywithoutofoffdown1hatethosepeoplewhothinktheyaresuperiormewithoutanyreason.atonC.toD.than-Whendidyouworkinthatcompany?-Iworkedthere2009and2012.fromtobetweentillFoodandshelterareforhumanbeings.specialespecialessentialexceptionalMarywouldn,thavemadesuchastupidmistakeifsheinsuchahurry.hasbeenhasn,tbeenhadbeenhadn,tbeenHenryinthatfactoryforalmost40yearsbynow.hasbeenworkinghadbeenworkingworksworked-Mustwehandinourhomeworktoday?No,youmustn'tNo,youshouldn'tNo,youwouldn'tNo,youneedn'tWedidn,ttheweathertochangesoquickly.A.extendexpectC.expandD.explainOneofmyfriendsthenewsjustnow.affordedmeaffordedmeofinformedmeinformedmeofThereisnouseonapersonwhohasnosenseofresponsibility.torelyrelyingreliedrelyHeistheboyinourclass.longesthighestwidesttallestCanyouthedifferencebetweenthesetwopictures?saytalktellspeak37.1wasshockedatthemagnificentscenelaybeforemyeyes.whatwhichwherewhenThepolicearelookingthecrime.upatinintoTheyhaven’ftnishedtheirhomework.stillalsoneitheryetPetersadlyashefailedforthesecondtime.sighedsignedsignaledsurprisedAmongtheseforeignstudents,ofthemarefromEnglish-speakingcountries.twothirdtwothreetwothirdstwothreesWhenIfirstmetJennythreeyearsago,sheatabigcompany.hasworkedwasworkinghadbeenworkinghadworkedSomethingiswrongwithmyphone.Imustgoandhaveit.repairrepairingtorepairrepairedThestudentsarebusyforthefinalexaminationrightnow.prepare10preparingtopreparetobepreparedItwasalovelydayyesterday.IwishIattheseasidewithyouthen.werehadbeenshouldbeshallhavebeenPartIIIIdentification(10%)PeoplewhoexercisegetbettersleepandoftenfeelmoreenergeticthanthosewhoTOC\o"1-5"\h\zAB Cdoesn,t.DJustalikeeachculturehasadifferentspokenlanguage,soeachculturehasaA BCDdifferentbodylanguage.ParentsshouldrememberthatbefriendswiththeirchildrenisabetterwaytoknowA BC Dthem.ThemomentIsawhim,Iknewthathewasanhonestlygentleman.AB C DNosoonerhadhearrivedinNewYorkwhenhewenttoseethegreatbuildingsA B CDCollectingtoycars_asahobbybecomeincreasinglypopularduringthepast50years.ABC DThisissuchabeautifuldaythateveryonearoundusfeellikegoingoutforawalk.AB C DThegoodsweusetodayaren'taswellastheyusedtobe.A BC DOfthetwolectures,thefirstwasbyfarthebestone,partlybecausethepersonwho11deliveredithadsuchasweetvoice.DDuringWorldWarII,fivemillionwomenwereleftlonelytotakecareoftheirA B C Dhomes.Cloze（10%）Forsomebehaviorsinanimals,thereislittleproofforstronggenetic（基因的）determination.Notonlyaretheremanyenvironmentalandhistoricalchangesinbehaviorpatterns,56wealsoknowthatsomeofthemarepassedonfromonegenerationtothe57.Theyare“cultural”.Theterm“culture”here58socialtraditions.One59ofanimalcultureisthewell-studiedfood-handlingbehaviorofthegroupofJapanesemonkeysliving60thesmall,woodedislandofKoshima.Thesemonkeys61toliveintheforests,butJapaneseresearcherscameandstartedtofeedthemby62sweetpotatoesonthesandybeach.Soon,themonkeysbegantoleavetheforestsand63thesweetpotatoesonthebeach.Aboutayear64thefeedingstarted,ayoungfemalemonkeywas65towashthepotatoesinanearbyriver.Sheactivelyandsuccessfully66thesandonthem.Withinthenextfewyears,potato-washingspread67thegroup,andthepracticewascarried68fromtherivertothesea.69potato-washinginthesea,severalotherhabits70withfeedingonthesandybeacharenowwellestablishedinthemonkeygroup.Thehabitsarepassedfrommothersandothergroupmemberstothebabies.Japanesemonkeysarenottheonlyanimalstohave71theirbehaviors.Inmanycitiesandtowns,Europeanredfoxeshavesuccessfullychangedsomeoftheirbehaviorsin72togetusedtotheirnewcitylifeoverashortperiodoftime.Obviously,thisisnotthe73oftheselectionofgenes.Thesameis74ofcommonracoons（浣熊）inAmerica.Thecourseoftheevolution（進化）ofbehaviorcannotbeadequatelydescribedandunderstoodwithout75“culture”asanactivefactor.Theculturalfactoraffectstheselectionofgenes.12

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