2022北京房山高三一模英語(yǔ)（教師版）

2022北京房山高三一模英語(yǔ)本試卷共10頁(yè)，100分?？荚嚂r(shí)長(zhǎng)90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無(wú)效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將答題卡交回，試卷自行保存。第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題L5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑Asawomanwalkeddownthestreetsoneday,shenoticedabeggar.Themanlookedoldandill-dressed.She1askedtheman,“Sir?Areyouhungry?”Shetriedtopickhimup."Youneedto2something/'thewomansaid.Themanlookedatthewoman,who,clearlybyherappearancewasfroma3background,"No,"hesaidcoldly.Thewomanfinallymanagedto4themanintothecafeteriaandorderedhimsomethingtoeat.Whenthemanwaseatinghismeal,thewomanstaredatthemanandasked“Jack,doyou5me?”O(jiān)ldJackexaminedherface.Thenhisfacesuddenlylitup."NowIrememberyou.Iusedtobeatthecounter.Youcameupandaskedmeifyoucouldworkforsomethingtoeat.”“Thenyou6methebiggestroastbeefsandwich,acupofcoffee,andatableformetositat.Isawyouputthe7ofmyfoodinthecashregister.^thewomansaid.Sheopenedherpurseandpulledoutabusiness8"Pleasepayavisittothepersonneldirectorofmycompany.Weneedyourhelp.Wecanpayyouthe9inadvance.^^“HowcanIeverrepayyour10?”Jackasked.“Youdon'tneedto”,thewomansmiled.1.A.nervouslyB.kindlyC.curiouslyD.confusedly2.A.doB.buyC.eatD.learn3.A.wealthyB.politicalC.trustworthyD.famous4.A.forceB.showC.leadD.drag5.A.recognizeB.followC.forgiveD.understand6.A.soldB.droppedC.offeredD.promised7.A.orderB.menuC.priceD.package8.A.ticketB.cardC.letterD.invitation9.A.interestB.billC.debtD.salary10.A.comfortB.kindnessC.sacrificeD.contribution第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題L5分，共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答：A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“你需要吃點(diǎn)東西，”女士說(shuō)。A.do做；B.buy買；C.eat吃；D.leam學(xué)。根據(jù)上文“Sir?Areyouhungry?”可知，女士擔(dān)心流浪漢餓了，認(rèn)為他應(yīng)該吃(eat)點(diǎn)東西。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：男人看了看那個(gè)女士，從她的外表來(lái)看，她顯然有富有的背景。A.wealthy富有的；B.political政治的；C.trustworthy值得信賴的;D.famous著名的。根據(jù)下文“Pleasepayavisittothepersonneldirectorofmycompany.Wecanpayyouthe9inadvance."可知，女士擁有一家公司，推知她有富有的(wealthy)背景。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這名女子最終設(shè)法把這名男子領(lǐng)進(jìn)自助餐廳，并給他點(diǎn)了些吃的。A.force強(qiáng)迫；B.show顯示；C.lead帶領(lǐng)，引導(dǎo)；D.drag拖拉。根據(jù)上文“She1askedtheman,“Sir?Areyouhungry?”Shetriedtopickhimup.“Youneedto2something",thewomansaid.”可知，女士問(wèn)這個(gè)乞丐是否餓了，并試圖把他拉起來(lái)，想讓他吃點(diǎn)東西，從這些細(xì)節(jié)看，女士對(duì)乞丐充滿了同情，此處指她設(shè)法帶領(lǐng)(lead)這名男子領(lǐng)進(jìn)自助餐廳。故選C項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)男人在吃飯時(shí)，女士盯著男人問(wèn)道：“杰克，你認(rèn)出我了嗎？"A.recognize認(rèn)出；B.follow遵循；C.forgive原諒；D.understand理解。根據(jù)下文“Thenhisfacesuddenlylitup.“NowIrememberyou/9nJ知，后來(lái)男人記起來(lái)了這個(gè)女士，因此，此處指的是女士問(wèn)他是否認(rèn)出(recognize)自己。故選A項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后你給了我最大的烤牛肉三明治，一杯咖啡和一張桌子讓我坐。A.sold銷售；B.dropped下降；C.offered給,提供；D.promised承諾。根據(jù)下文“Isawyouputthe7ofmyfoodinthecashregister”,thewomansaid.”可知，當(dāng)時(shí)男人把女士食物的價(jià)錢裝進(jìn)了收銀機(jī)，由此推知，他給了(offered)女孩一個(gè)最大的烤牛肉三明治，替女孩買單了。故選C項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我看到你把我食物的價(jià)錢放進(jìn)了收銀機(jī)。A.order訂單；B.menu菜單；Cprice錢，價(jià)錢；D.package包。根據(jù)上文“Thenyou6methebiggestroastbeefsandwich…”可知，男人給了女孩一個(gè)最大的烤牛肉三明治，替女孩買單了，他把錢(price)放進(jìn)了收銀機(jī)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她打開錢包，拿出一張名片。A.ticket機(jī)票；B.card(尤指顯示個(gè)人信息的)卡片，名片；C.letter信；D.invitation邀請(qǐng)。根據(jù)下文“Pleasepayavisittothepersonneldirectorofmycompany.”可知，女士讓男人去拜訪她公司的主管，由此推知，她拿出名片(card)給男人。故選B項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們可以提前付給你工資。'interest利益；B.bill賬單；C.debt債務(wù)；D.salary薪水。根據(jù)本文第一句“Asawomanwalkeddownthestreetsoneday,shenoticedabeggar.”可知，男人是一個(gè)乞丐，可見他很窮，需要錢，因此女士想提前支付他工資(salary),以解決他的窮困。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我怎樣才能報(bào)答你的好意呢？'‘杰克問(wèn)。A.comfort舒適；B.kindness善良，好意；C.sacrifice犧牲；D.contribution貢獻(xiàn)。通讀全文，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，女士不僅僅帶乞丐吃東西，而且還讓他到公司工作，提前支付工資，這名乞丐非常感激，因此問(wèn)她怎樣才能報(bào)答她的好意(kindness)。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題L5分，共15分)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答：A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。ZhaoLiisavillagerlivinginShandongprovince,who11(save)16peoplefromdrowningoverthedecades.12August2020,heestablishedarescuecenterconsistingofstrong-swimmingvolunteers.Theypurchasedspeedboatsandlifevestswiththeirownmoney13(help)thegovernment'semergencyrescuemissionsandpopularizerescuemethods.Hewantedtoraisepublicawarenessofdrowningpreventionandwatersafety.ZhaoLiwasamong10winnersofthenationalethicalmodelawards14(give)lastNovemberfbrthosewho"actbravelyfbrajustcause”.【11?14題答案】【答案】11.hassaved12.Intohelpgiven【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。本文介紹了獲得全國(guó)道德模范見義勇為獎(jiǎng)的趙利的事跡。【11題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:趙利是山東省的一名村民，幾十年來(lái)，他救了16名落水者。根據(jù)overthedecades及主句時(shí)態(tài)可知，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，who指代的ZhaoLi為第三人稱單數(shù)。故填hassaved?！?2題詳解】考查介詞。句意：2020年8月，他建立了一個(gè)由強(qiáng)壯的游泳志愿者組成的救援中心。具體月份前加介詞in表示“在幾月”，位于句首，首字母大寫。故填I(lǐng)n?！?3題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他們用自己的錢購(gòu)買了快艇和救生衣，以幫助政府執(zhí)行緊急救援任務(wù)并宣傳救援方法。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是purchased,設(shè)空處需填入非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作目的狀語(yǔ)，因而用不定式形式。故填tohelpo【14題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：趙利是去年11月頒發(fā)的全國(guó)道德模范見義勇為獎(jiǎng)的10名獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)咧?。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處作名詞短語(yǔ)thenationalethicalmodelawards的后置定語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞give與thenationalethicalmodelawards之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因而需用過(guò)去分詞形式。故填given。閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。TianwenI,theunmannedprobefbrChina'sfirstindependentMarsmission,15(land)ontheRedPlanetonMay2021,markinganimportantstepinChina'sexplorationoftheouterspace.ChinahasbecomethesecondcountrytolandonMars.Thelanding16(see)nowbytheworldasanothermilestoneinthedevelopmentofChina'saerospace(航空航天)industry.AndChina'sspacestationcoremoduleTianheenteredpre-setorbitinApri1.17markedasolidstepinbuildingthecountry'sfirstspacestation.【15?17題答案】【答案】15.landed16.isseen17.which【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了2021年5月，我國(guó)首個(gè)獨(dú)立火星探測(cè)任務(wù)的無(wú)人探測(cè)器“天問(wèn)一號(hào)”在紅色星球著陸，今年4月，中國(guó)空間站核心艙“天河號(hào)”進(jìn)入預(yù)定軌道，這些航天成就都標(biāo)志著中國(guó)航天事業(yè)的蓬勃發(fā)展?！?5題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：2021年5月，我國(guó)首個(gè)獨(dú)立火星探測(cè)任務(wù)的無(wú)人探測(cè)器“天問(wèn)一號(hào)”在紅色星球著陸，標(biāo)志著我國(guó)探索外層空間邁出了重要一步。分析可知，所填動(dòng)詞為句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“onMay2021”可知，應(yīng)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填landed?！?6題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)。句意：這次著陸被世界視為中國(guó)航天工業(yè)發(fā)展的又一個(gè)里程碑。分析可知，所填動(dòng)詞為句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞“see”在句中意為“看作為、與主語(yǔ)“Thelanding”之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“now”可知，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)，且主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，應(yīng)是“isdone”。故填isseen?！?7題詳解】考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞。句意：今年4月，中國(guó)空間站核心艙“天河號(hào)”進(jìn)入預(yù)定軌道，標(biāo)志著中國(guó)在建設(shè)第一個(gè)空間站方面邁出了堅(jiān)實(shí)的一步。分析可知，“3markedasolidstepinbuildingthecountry'sfirstspacestatio屋為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，空處在從句中作主語(yǔ)，指代逗號(hào)前全部?jī)?nèi)容，用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)從句。故填whichoC閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Homeworkisanimportantpartofengagingstudentsoutsideoftheclassroom.Itcarrieseducationalbenefitsforallage18(group),includingtimemanagementandorganization.Homeworkalsoprovidesstudentswiththeabilitytothinkbeyondwhatistaughtinclass.Thenot-so-goodnewsisthatthesebenefitsonlyoccur19studentsareengagedandreadytolearn.But,the20(many)homeworktheyget,thelesstheywanttoengage.Sotoomuchhomeworkcanaffectstudents9health,sociallifeandgrades.【18?20題答案】【答案】18.groups19.when20.more【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，講述了家庭作業(yè)的好處?！?8題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：它對(duì)各個(gè)年齡階段的人都有好處。根據(jù)句子分析可知，此處group為可數(shù)名詞，空前有all修飾，故應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)，故填groups?！?9題詳解】考查連詞。句意：不好的消息是，只有當(dāng)學(xué)生做作業(yè)并且準(zhǔn)備好學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)、這些好處才會(huì)發(fā)生。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，故填when?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：但是，他們的家庭作業(yè)越多，他們就越不想做。根據(jù)后文的theless可知，此處為“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”句式，表示“越??????越…”，故填more。第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ACareerplanningisimportant.Getstartedtoday.ConnectyourpersonalinterestsandacademicaspirationstoplanawonderfulcareeratUniversityofNewBrunswick（UNB）.CareerConnectionswillhelpyoufigureoutwhoyouare一yourstrengthsandinterests一asyoufindwhichfieldofstudyandcareersarcrightforyou.CareerConnectionsalsohelpsconnectyoutotheexperts,workshopsandinformationyouneed.Toguideyouthroughyouracademicandcareerexploration,CareerConnectionsincludesinformationforfuture,current,andgraduatingstudents.Inthissite,youwillfind:ProgramBlueprintsforeachofourprograms,careerresourcesincludingworkshopsandexpertadvice,informationaboutexperientiallearningopportunities,careermyths,newstrendsandcareer-relatedresearch.On-campusCareerSupportWehavetheexpertstohelpyouinyouracademicandcareerdevelopment.CareerDevelopment&EmploymentCentreConsultwithyourcareerandemploymentadvisors,dependingonyourneeds;completeworkshopsfortheCareerDevelopmentCertificate;learnabouttheWork-studyProgram;gotocareerfairsandmuchmore.CareerCounsellingStudentsaresupportedbytwocareercounsellorswhowillhelpyouexploreacademicandcareeroptionsthroughtheCareerPlanningProcess.Theywillhelpyoudevelopaplanforgainingtheskillsandknowledgeneededtopursueyourpassions.AcademicAdvisingAcademicadvisingisanimportantaspectofcareerexploration.Itisthroughyouracademicadvisor（s）thatyouwillexploreprogramoptions,discussinghowthesefityourcareergoals,andhowtomapyouracademicfutureindevelopingtheknowledgeandskillsneededtobeanemployment-ready,life-longlearner.ExperientialEducationTherearemanyexperiential（體驗(yàn)的）learningopportunitiesatUNB.Severalprogramsincludeworkplacementsaspartofyourdegreerequirements.AdditionalexperientialopportunitiesincludetheWork-studyProgramandTheSummerInstitute.aswellasfindingandsecuringemploymentduringyourstudiesorthesummer.21.IfyouwanttogetaCareerDevelopmentCertificate,you'dbettergoto.CareerCounsellingC.On-campusCareerSupportExperientialEducationcanhelpyou.CareerCounsellingC.On-campusCareerSupportExperientialEducationcanhelpyou.getchancesforexperientiallearningstudyonarticlesduringsummervacationobtainhighprofessionalgradesanddegreesworkoutthevalueofprogramsandinstitutesWherecanyoumostprobablyreadthispassage?AcademicAdvisingD.CareerDevelopment&EmploymentCentreA.Inabrochure.A.Inabrochure.B.Onawebsite.C.Inamagazine.D.Inanewsreport.A.Inabrochure.B.Onawebsite.C.Inamagazine.D.Inanewsreport.【21?23題答案】【答案】21.D22.A23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了UniversityofNewBrunswick(UNB)的學(xué)生職業(yè)規(guī)劃項(xiàng)目和資源?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CareerDevelopment&EmploymentCentre部分中的“Consultwithyourcareerandemploymentadvisors,dependingonyourneeds;completeworkshopsfortheCareerDevelopmentCertificate根據(jù)你的需要，咨詢你的職業(yè)和就業(yè)顧問(wèn)；完成針對(duì)職業(yè)發(fā)展證書的研討會(huì))“可知，如果你想獲得職業(yè)發(fā)展證書，你可以去CareerDevelopment&EmploymentCentre,完成職業(yè)發(fā)展證書所需要的研討會(huì)。故選D。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ExperientialEducation部分中的“Therearemanyexperiential（體驗(yàn)的）learningopportunitiesatUNB.Severalprogramsincludeworkplacementsaspartofyourdegreerequirements.AdditionalexperientialopportunitiesincludetheWork-studyProgramandTheSummerInstitute,aswellasfindingandsecuringemploymentduringyourstudiesorthesummer.（在UNB有許多體驗(yàn)式學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)。一些課程將工作實(shí)習(xí)作為學(xué)位要求的一部分。額外的體驗(yàn)機(jī)會(huì)包括WorkstudyProgram和TheSummerInstitute,以及在學(xué)習(xí)或暑期期間找到并確保就業(yè)）“可知，ExperientialEducation可以幫助你獲得很多體驗(yàn)式學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)，這些機(jī)會(huì)包括Work-studyProgram、TheSummerInstitute和就業(yè)等機(jī)會(huì)。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的力nthissite,youwillfind:（在這個(gè)網(wǎng)站上，你可以發(fā)現(xiàn)）”可推知，這篇文章出自一個(gè)網(wǎng)站。故選BoAValuableLessonforLifeBorninNanchangcity,Jiangxi,in1961,WuAijiawantedtobecomeateachersincechildhood.SheappliedtoworkasateacherattheprimaryschoolinNiyangvillageaftergraduation.WhenWu,then19,wenttothevillageinYichuncity,Jiangxiprovince,toworkasavillageteacherin1980,villagersweredoubtfulifshewasgoingtostaylong.Afterall,anumberofvoluntaryteachershadarrivedbefore,butallhadleftsoonafter.Locatedinthemountains,thevillagewasverypoorandfarfromanytown.Villagershadtohikeinthemountainssincetherewasnoroad.Wuwasshockedbythepoorconditionsthere.Shehadknowntheconditionswerepoor,buttherealitywasworse.Theblackboard,doorandwindowswereinastateofdisrepair,somechairshadlegsmissing,anddeskswerepiecedtogetheratdifferentheights.Moreover,localpeopleneededtogodownhilltobuydailygoods,andtransportthembackintheirhandsorbalancedthemacrosstheirshoulders.WuAijiahadneverwalkeduphillonamountainroadbefore,soshewalkedmuchmoreslowlythanothers,sometimesthewildboarsandrabbitsmadeherfrightened.Butshegraduallygotusedtoherlifethere.Atthebeginning,shefoundmanylocalpeoplevaluedtheirsonsfarmorethantheirdaughters,andwouldnotliketoletthemattendschool.Wuwenttotheirhomesrepeatedlyandgraduallypersuadedthemtosendalltheirchildrentoschool.Forthosewhocouldnotaffordthetuition,shespentherownmoneytohelp.Sheknowsthateducationisanessentialpartofhereffortstohelpstudentsescapepoverty.In2012,Wuwasassignedtoworkinanotherschoolinthetown,butsherefusedandappliedtogototheBaiyangvillageschool,whichissituatedevenmoreremotelyinthemountainswheresheremains.Overtheyears,morethan1,000studentsofhershaveleftthereandcreatedabetterlife.“Seeingthemachieveprogress,I'msohappythatIfeelricherthananymillionaire,saidWu.VillagersdoubtedthatWuAijiawould.befrightenedbythewildanimalshateclimbingthemountainsthereleavebecauseofthepoorconditionslackexperiencesoflivinginthevillageWuAijiawenttovillagers9homesto.offerfreedailygoodsforthevillagersshowherkindnessandgenerositytothemhelpthepoorfamilytoaffordallthetuitionDofferallchildrenthechancetocreateabetterlifeHowdidWufeelaboutherteachingcareer?A.Regretful.B.Surprised.C.Satisfied.D.Annoyed.WecanlearnfromthepassagethatWuAijia.helpedmanychildrenreceivebettereducationdeterminedtochangethelifestyleofthevillagersdevotedherselftohelpingvillagerstoescapepovertyimprovedvillagers,awarenessofequalitybetweenmenandwomen【24?27題答案】【答案】24.C25.D26.C27.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了生于江西的吳愛佳去偏遠(yuǎn)山區(qū)支教的故事，她致力于通過(guò)教育來(lái)改變農(nóng)村孩子的未來(lái)，并且感到很滿足?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“villagersweredoubtfulifshewasgoingtostaylong.Afterall,anumberofvoluntaryteachershadarrivedbefore,butallhadleftsoonafter.（村民懷疑她是否會(huì)待很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。畢竟,很多志愿者老師曾經(jīng)來(lái)過(guò)這里，但是都是很快就離開了。）”以及第三段首句“Locatedinthemountains,thevillagewasverypoorandfarfromanytown.（這個(gè)村莊位于大山里，十分窮并且離鎮(zhèn)上很遠(yuǎn)。）”可知，村民們懷疑吳愛佳會(huì)離開因?yàn)楫?dāng)?shù)刎毟F的生活條件，而之前的老師都離開了，故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Atthebeginning,shefoundmanylocalpeoplevaluedtheirsonsfarmorethantheirdaughters,andwouldnotliketoletthemattendschool.Wuwenttotheirhomesrepeatedlyandgraduallypersuadedthemtosendalltheirchildrentoschool.（起初，她發(fā)現(xiàn)很多當(dāng)?shù)氐娜酥啬休p女，不讓女兒去讀書。吳一次又一次地去他們家，漸漸地說(shuō)服了他們將所有孩子送到學(xué)校讀書。）”和"Sheknowsthateducationisanessentialpartofhereffortstohelpstudentsescapepoverty.（她知道，教育是她努力幫助學(xué)生擺脫貧困的一個(gè)重要組成部分。）”可知，吳愛佳去村民的家是為了讓所有孩子都能讀書，從而通過(guò)讀書來(lái)創(chuàng)造更好的生活，故選D?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“"Seeingthemachieveprogress,TmsohappythatIfeelricherthananymillionaire/saidWu.（吳說(shuō)：“看到他們都進(jìn)步了，我是如此高興，感覺自己比百萬(wàn)富翁都富有?！埃笨芍瑓菍?duì)于她的教學(xué)生涯感到很滿意，故選C。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。眾觀全文，本文主要講述了吳愛佳到偏遠(yuǎn)山區(qū)去支教，讓當(dāng)?shù)氐暮⒆邮艿搅烁玫慕逃?，讓這些孩子有了更好的未來(lái)的故事，故可知，吳愛佳幫助很多的孩子受到了更好的教育，故選A。CManyanimalsdependuponsoundtofindfood,detectpredatorsandcommunicatewithoneanother.Thesespeciesunderstandablysufferwhenloudmotorwayscutthroughtheirhabitats.Somedealwiththisproblembysingingmoreloudly,somechangethetimingoftheircallstooccurwhenfewerpeoplearedriving,othersjustmovetoquieterplaces.Ithasalwaysbeenassumedthatnoiseisaproblemuniquetoanimals.ButanewstudybyAliAkbarGhotbi-Ravandi,abotanistatShahidBeheshtiUniversityinTehran,hasrevealedthatplantssuffertoo.Thatplantscanbeaffectedindirectlybynoisepollutionhasneverbeenindoubt.Sincemostfloweringspeciesdependuponpollinatorsandmostfruit-bearingspeciesneedanimalstodispersetheirseeds,itisobviousthatiftheseanimalpartnersareharmedbynoisethentheirbotanicalplantswilldobadly,too.Whathasremainedunknowniswhetherornotplantsthemselvessufferdirectlyfromnoisepollution.Soundsarepressurewavestransmittedthroughgases,liquidsandsolids.Scientistshavepreviouslypredictedthatplantsmaybeabletosensethesewavesastheyarestruckbythem.Anumberofexperimentshaveconfirmedthisinrecentyears一plantsattackedwithultrasoundinthelabhaveshownarangeofhurtfulresponses,includingtheexpressionofstress-relatedgenes,underdevelopedgrowthandreducedgermination（發(fā)芽）ofseeds.Workingwithateamofcolleagues,DrGhotbi-Ravandigrewtwospeciesinhislabthatarecommonlyfoundinurbanenvironments.Theplantsweregrownfromseedsandallowedtomaturefortwomonthsinthesamespacebeforetheyweredividedintotwogroups.Onegroupwasexposedto73decibels（分貝）oftrafficnoiserecordedfromabusymotorwayinTehranfor16hoursaday.Theothergroupwaslefttogrowinsilence.After15days,samplesweretakenfromtheyoungestfullyexpandedleavesoneveryplantintheexperimentandstudied.Noneoftheplantsexposedtothetrafficnoisedidwell.Analysisoftheirleavesrevealedthatallofthemweresuffering.Harmfulchemicalsinthemareindicatorsofstressinplantsandbothwerefoundatmuchhigherlevelsintheplantsexposedtothetrafficnoise.Mostnotably,levelsoftheharmfulchemicalsintheplantsexposedtonoiseweretwotothreetimeswhattheywereinthosegrowninsilence.Thefindingsmakeitclearthatthenoiseoftrafficbotherstheplants.What'sthefunctionofthefirsttwoparagraphs?Toleadinthetopicofthepassage.Toprovethatonlyanimalssufferfromnoise.Tointroducehowanimalsavoidtheurbantrafficnoise.Tocomparethedifferenteffectsofnoiseonanimalsandplants.Whichofthefollowingwordsisclosestinmeaningtotheword"disperse“inParagraph3?A.Classify.B.Spread.C.Damage.D.CollectWhatcanwelearnfromDrGhotbi-Ravandi'sexperiment?AUrbantrafficnoisemainlyposesathreattoanimals.Plantsthemselvessufferindirectlyfromnoisepollution.Plantsexposedtothetrafficnoisebearhigherlevelsofstress.DPlantsthatdon'tneedanimalsforgrowthwillnotbeinfluencedbynoise.【28?30題答案】【答案】28.A29.B30.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。動(dòng)物遭受噪音影響是不容懷疑的，植物是否也遭受噪音影響呢？文章通過(guò)一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)闡述噪音也影響著植物?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第——段內(nèi)容“Manyanimalsdependuponsoundtofindfood,detectpredatorsandcommunicatewithoneanother.Thesespeciesunderstandablysufferwhenloudmotorwayscutthroughtheirhabitats.（許多動(dòng)物依靠聲音來(lái)尋找食物、探測(cè)捕食者以及相互交流。當(dāng)嘈雜的高速公路穿過(guò)它們的棲息地時(shí)，這些物種遭受痛苦是可以理解的。戶可知，第一段講述動(dòng)物通過(guò)聲音尋食，捕獵，交流，并會(huì)因?yàn)樵胍舳芸?，第二段第一?Ithasalwaysbeenassumedthatnoiseisaproblemuniquetoanimals.（人們一直認(rèn)為，噪音是動(dòng)物所特有的問(wèn)題。）緊跟上文說(shuō)明人們一直認(rèn)為只有動(dòng)物才有噪音困擾，接下來(lái)講述“ButanewstudybyAliAkbarGhotbi-Ravandi,abotanistatShahidBeheshtiUniversityinTehran,hasrevealedthatplantssuffertoo.（但是，德黑蘭沙希德?貝赫什蒂大學(xué)的植物學(xué)家阿里?阿克巴爾?格爾比-拉萬(wàn)迪的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，植物也會(huì)受到影響。）”，下面的段落展開講述這個(gè)話題，因此推斷前兩段的目的是引出文章的主題。故選A。【29題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)戈ij線句"Sincemostfloweringspeciesdependuponpollinatorsandmostfruit-bearingspeciesneedanimalstodispersetheirseeds（因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)開花物種依賴于傳粉者，大多數(shù)結(jié)果實(shí)的物種需要?jiǎng)游飀isperse它們的種子）”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A.Classify把分類；B.Spread傳播；C.Damage毀壞；D.Collect收集，以及常識(shí)可知,開花物種需要傳粉，結(jié)果的物種需要傳播種子，劃線詞與B項(xiàng)意思相近。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Mostnotably,levelsoftheharmfulchemicalsintheplantsexposedtonoiseweretwotothreetimeswhattheywereinthosegrowninsilence.Thefindingsmakeitclearthatthenoiseoftrafficbotherstheplants.（最值得注意的是，暴露在噪音中的植物中的有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)的含量是那些在寂靜中生長(zhǎng)的植物的兩到三倍。調(diào)查結(jié)果清楚地表明，交通的噪音困擾著植物）”可知，Ghotbi-Ravandi博士的實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，暴露在交通噪音中的植物承受著更高水平的壓力。故選C。DThereshouldbenodoubtinanyone'smindthattheinfluenceofmediaisgrowingstrongerandstrongerastimepasses.Ifyouhavenoticed,thespeedatwhichnewstravelsaroundtheworldhasbecomefasterwiththedevelopmentandadvancementintechnologyMediaareactuallyinfluencingpeopleindifferentways.Whetheryouadmititornot,watchingmoviesandprogramsonthetelevisionorourlaptop,ipadandothermobiledevicesaswerelaxtakesusawayintothisdifferentkingdom-thatis,therearepartsinourbeingthatfeelswearetheonesinthemovieandsometimesweevenfeelwhattheyarefeelingaswegetcaughtintheemotionalexcitement.Theeffectofmediadoesnotstopwhenthemovieorprogramends.Andthiseffectmightjustbethecauseofbehavioralchangesinpeople.Withactionfilms,childrentendtofollowthemoviehero,engagingthemtoviolentactsthinkingthatitisacceptablebecausehisherobecamesuccessfulintheend.Therearecartoonprogramsthatshowactsofviolenceanddishonestactsagainstothers.Inreturn,childrentendtocopythecharactersandthinkthatcheatingotherpeopleisawaytodealwiththeirproblems.Theylearntotransfertheseillbehaviorstofriends.Therearesometelevisionshowsandmoviesthatattempttocreateanatmospheretochangetheviewofpeopletowardssocialissuessuchasracialdiscrimination.Inthemindsofotherpeople,theeffectcanbeforthebetter,butsomeunfortunatelyfortheworse.Therehadbeeninstancesinthepastthatyoungpeopledrunkdrivingimitatingtheirfavoriteactress.Therewasalsoacasewheresomebodysetasubwayticketboothonfirebecausehesawitinhisfavoritefilm.Thesearejustafewexamplesofthedisturbinginfluenceofmediaonpeople'sbehavior.Anexplanationtothesebadactsisthatthesepeoplecouldnotdistinguishfantasyfromreality.Theygetcaughtupinthekingdomofwhattheyhadbeenwatchingandtheimagesandscenesbecomedeeplyrootedintheirminds.Sothemediaislargelyresponsibleforgivingpeoplefalseideasandunhealthypictures,whichleadtomisbehavioragainstotherpeople,andcancreateadangerouscycleamongindividualsastheyattempttodothesameorevenworsethingstoothers.Thesadrealityis,nooneistuningofftheirtelevisionsordisconnectingfromtheseinfluences.Theonlywayprogrammingofthissortwillchangeiswhenpeoplenolongerbuyintoit,demandit,andwatchit.WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinParagraph2?Whatitisthatchangesouremotion.Howmediaaffectpeople'sbehavior.Whyweareattractedbymoviesandprograms.Whetherpeoplefeelbeingtakenawayfromthereality.Accordingtotheauthor,somepeopleactbadlybecause.theyarejusttheviolentpeopletheyhopetosolvesocialproblemstheyactuallycan'ttellfantasyfromrealitytheywanttochangepeople'sattitudestowardsmedia33.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsmedia?A.Sympathetic.B.Critical.C.Supportive.D.Cautious.Theauthorsupportshisideasmainlyby.makingcontrastsandgivingexampleslistingfactsandgivingresearchresultsraisingproblemsandprovidingsolutionsshowingfactsandpresentingexplanations【31?34題答案】【答案】31.B32.C33.B34.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文，講述了隨著科技的發(fā)展，媒體正在各個(gè)方面影響著人們。文中列舉了好多人們因?yàn)槊襟w而產(chǎn)生的一些不利于社會(huì)的行為，并給出了解釋，因?yàn)槊襟w影響，人們無(wú)法區(qū)分幻想與現(xiàn)實(shí)，唯一的解決方式就是人們不再看電視，不再接觸媒體?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段"Theeffectofmediadoesnotstopwhenthemovieorprogramends.Andthiseffectmightjustbethecauseofbehavioralchangesinpeople.（當(dāng)電影或者節(jié)目結(jié)束時(shí)，媒體的效應(yīng)也沒(méi)有停止。并且這種效應(yīng)也就是人們行為發(fā)生變化的原因。）”可知，本句放在段末，總結(jié)上文媒體對(duì)人類的影響的解釋，故本段主要講人們看電視時(shí)所產(chǎn)生的媒體效應(yīng)，這種效應(yīng)也改變了人們的行為，故B項(xiàng)“媒體是如何影響人們行為”符合本段大意，故選B?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第6段"Anexplanationtothesebadactsisthatthesepeoplecouldnotdistinguishfantasyfromreality.（產(chǎn)生這些不良行為的解釋之一就是，這些人無(wú)法區(qū)分幻想與現(xiàn)實(shí)。）“可知，一些人行為惡劣，是因?yàn)樗麄儫o(wú)法區(qū)分幻想與現(xiàn)實(shí)，故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Sothemediaislargelyresponsiblefbrgivingpeoplefalseideasandunhealthypictures,whichleadtomisbehavioragainstotherpeople,andcancreateadangerouscycleamongindividualsastheyattempttodothesameorevenworsethingstoothers.Thesadrealityis,nooneistuningofftheirtelevisionsordisconnectingfromtheseinfluences.（因此，媒體在很大程度上要為給人們錯(cuò)誤的想法和不健康的圖片負(fù)責(zé)，這導(dǎo)致了對(duì)他人的不當(dāng)行為，并可能在個(gè)人之間創(chuàng)造一個(gè)危險(xiǎn)的循環(huán)，因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)噲D對(duì)別人做同樣的事情，甚至更糟糕的事情?？杀默F(xiàn)實(shí)是，沒(méi)有人關(guān)掉電視或脫離這些影響。）”可知，作者認(rèn)為媒體帶來(lái)了人們不正當(dāng)?shù)男袨?，?chuàng)造了危險(xiǎn)的社會(huì)環(huán)境，故他對(duì)媒體的態(tài)度是批評(píng)的，故選B。ZhaoLiisavillagerlivinginShandongprovince,who11(save)16peoplefromdrowningoverthedecades.12August2020,heestablishedarescuecenterconsistingofstrong-swimmingvolunteers.Theypurchasedspeedboatsandlifevestswiththeirownmoney13(help)thegovernment'semergencyrescuemissionsandpopularizerescuemethods.Hewantedtoraisepublicawarenessofdrowningpreventionandwatersafety.ZhaoLiwasamong10winnersofthenationalethicalmodelawards14(give)lastNovemberfbrthosewho"actbravelyforajustcause”.B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。TianwenI,theunmannedprobefbrChina'sfirstindependentMarsmission,15(land)ontheRedPlanetonMay2021,markinganimportantstepinChina'sexplorationoftheouterspace.ChinahasbecomethesecondcountrytolandonMars.Thelanding16(see)nowbytheworldasanothermilestoneinthedevelopmentofChina'saerospace(航空航天)industry.AndChina'sspacestationcoremoduleTianheenteredpre-setorbitinApri1,17markedasolidstepinbuildingthecountry'sfirstspacestation.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Homeworkisanimportantpartofengagingstudentsoutsideoftheclassroom.Itcarrieseducationalbenefitsforallage18(group),includingtimemanagementandorganization.Homeworkalsoprovidesstudentswiththeabilitytothinkbeyondwhatistaughtinclass.Thenot-so-goodnewsisthatthesebenefitsonlyoccur19studentsareengagedandreadytolearn.But,the20(many)homeworktheyget,thelesstheywanttoengage.Sotoomuchhomeworkcanaffectstudents'health,sociallifeandgrades.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題；每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ACareerplanningisimportant.Getstartedtoday.ConnectyourpersonalinterestsandacademicaspirationstoplanawonderfulcareeratUniversityofNewBrunswick(UNB).CareerConnectionswillhelpyoufigureoutwhoyouare—yourstrengthsandinterests—asyoufindwhichfieldofstudyandcareersarcrightforyou.CareerConnectionsalsohelpsconnectyoutotheexperts,workshopsandinformationyouneed.Toguideyouthroughyouracademicandcareerexploration,CareerConnectionsincludesinformationforfuture,current,andgraduatingstudents.Inthissite,youwillfind:ProgramBlueprintsforeachofourprograms,careerresourcesincludingworkshopsandexpertadvice,informationaboutexperientiallearningopportunities,careermyths,newstrendsandcareer-relatedresearch.On-campusCareerSupportWehavetheexpertstohelpyouinyouracademicandcareerdevelopment.CareerDevelopment&EmploymentCentre【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第3、段列舉了“Withactionfilms,childrentendtofollowthemoviehero,engagingthemtoviolentactsthinkingthatitisacceptablebecausehisherobecamesuccessfulintheend.（在動(dòng)作片中，孩子們傾向于追隨電影中的英雄，結(jié)果他們參與暴力行為，認(rèn)為這是可以接受的，因?yàn)樗挠⑿圩罱K成功了。廠一些孩子們模仿電視里面的暴力行為并改變了對(duì)于社會(huì)問(wèn)題的態(tài)度，和第5段“Therehadbeeninstancesinthepastthatyoungpeopledrunkdrivingimitatingtheirfavoriteactress.（曾經(jīng)有一些例子，年輕人模仿他們最喜歡的演員酒