UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING LESSON 1-北師大版（2019）高中英語必修第三冊(cè)教學(xué)課件(共56張PPT)

UNIT8

GREENLIVINGLESSON1

ROOTSANDSHOOTS核心詞匯詞匯一root（1）n.樹根；根源；起因；（某人的）祖籍，根（2）v.生根；翻找，搜尋◆教材原句Roots&Shoots根與芽◆要點(diǎn)必記treeroots樹根 haveone’srootsinsth.源于gobacktoone’sroots找到……的根 putdownroots（植物）生根；定居takerootin（植物）生根；扎根；……被接受；深入人心rootaround/about翻找 rootout消除；根除；杜絕rootup將（植物）連根拔起berootedtothespot/ground/floor（因害怕、驚嚇、震驚等）呆若木雞；不能動(dòng)彈◆詞語積累rootedadj.根源的；起源的；根深蒂固的 rootlessadj.無家可歸的；無所歸屬的題組練·領(lǐng)悟方法◆單句語法填空（1）Butthoughhewasrooted

hispast，hewasn’tstuckthere.（2）Afterhisparentslefttheworld，Peterfelt

（root）.◆單句寫作（3）Earlyformsofcakeweresimplyakindofbread，sothistradition

（起源于）thecustomofsharingbread.（4）Sohowcanyoucomeupwithbrilliantdaydreamsandavoidfallingover

（樹根）orotherwiselookinglikeafool?（5）He

（找到他的根）andrediscoveredthebeautyinChinesefolkmusic.in

rootless

hasitsrootsin

treeroots

wentbacktohisroots詞匯二shoot（1）v.（shot，shot）射中；射擊；發(fā)射

（2）n.芽；苗；嫩枝◆教材原句Roots&Shoots

根與芽◆要點(diǎn)必記shootat向……射擊（表示動(dòng)作，不一定射中） shootsb.dead開槍打死某人shootup猛漲；快速增長(zhǎng)；突然出現(xiàn) shootout從里面射出；突然出擊；迅速長(zhǎng)出hehead/back/leg射中某人的頭部/背部/腿部◆詞語積累shotn.射擊；發(fā)射；投球；擊球；鏡頭；畫面；機(jī)會(huì)；嘗試take/fireashot開槍，射擊；投球；拍照 give/haveashotatsth.嘗試◆誤區(qū)警示注意“shootsb.in+the+身體部位”中，身體部位名詞前用the。◆單句語法填空（1）Oneofhercousins

（shoot）deadonlyafewstreetsawayfromwhereshelived.（2）Thehuntershot

thedeer，buthedidn’tshootit.（3）Themurderer

（shoot）themaninthebackandstolethediamondfromhissuitcase.（4）Itook

shotatthebeautifulsceneryinthedesert.◆單句寫作（5）Afterlastweek’srain，theweedshave

（迅速生長(zhǎng)）.（6）David

（試著）comingclosetotheinjuredwolf.◆翻譯句子（7）這株植物的芽很嫩，所以你應(yīng)該把它放在陰涼處。__________________________________________________________________________________wasshot

at

shot

a

shotup

gave/hadashotat

Theshootsoftheplantistender，soyoushouldputitintheshade.詞匯三sufferfrom（身體或精神上）遭受……（痛苦）◆教材原句Mostpeoplesufferfromwhatisknownas“Just-me-ism”.很多人都有所謂的“就我一個(gè)”問題?！粢c(diǎn)必記sufferpain/hardship經(jīng)歷痛苦/困難sufferadefeat/aloss/damage/punishment遭受失敗/損失/損害/懲罰sufferfromabadback背疼 sufferfromabadcold患重感冒sufferfromillhealth身體不好 sufferfromaheadache/toothache頭疼/牙疼◆詞語積累sufferern.受害者；患者 sufferingn.痛苦；疼痛；苦難◆單句語法填空（1）Withnorainforoverayear，thecityissuffering

unusuallyhotweather.（2）Youalwaysturnedadeafeartoouradvice，soyoudeservethe

（suffer）now.◆單句寫作（3）［2019·浙江卷］Thelossofbigtreeswasgreatestinareaswheretrees

（已經(jīng)遭受）thegreatestwatershortage.◆翻譯句子（4）他的公司遭受了重大損失。___________________________________（5）湯姆頭痛，所以我建議他去看醫(yī)生。_____________________________________________________________________________fromsuffering

hadsuffered

Hiscompanysufferedgreatlosses.

Tomsufferedfromaheadache，soIsuggestedthatheshouldseeadoctor.詞匯四botheredadj.擔(dān)心的；煩惱的◆教材原句Well，sayyouleavethetaprunningwhileyoubrushyourteeth，leavealightonwhenyougooutoryoudropapieceoflitterandcan’tbebotheredtopickitup.例如，你刷牙的時(shí)候讓水嘩嘩地流，外出的時(shí)候不關(guān)燈，或者掉了一塊垃圾卻懶得撿起來。◆要點(diǎn)必記botherabout擔(dān)心；麻煩 bothersb.withsth.拿某事來煩擾某人bothertodo/doingsth.花時(shí)間/精力做某事 notbebotheredtodosth.懶得做某事Whybother?何必那么麻煩？ Don’tbother.不用麻煩了。◆詞語積累botherv.打擾；煩擾；麻煩 bothersomeadj.令人煩惱的；麻煩的；討厭的◆單句語法填空（1）SometimesIactasalisteningearforfellowstudentstotalkoverwhat

（bother）them.（2）Pleasedon’tbother

（buy）meanairticket.I’vegotone.（3）Mustyoubotherme

suchsillyjokes?◆單句寫作（4）

（何必那么麻煩）?Wecanstayathomeandwatchfilmsonline.（5）Thefamousmoviestarcouldhardlywalkdownthestreetwithout

（沒有被打擾）.◆翻譯句子（6）我懶得向他解釋為什么參加聚會(huì)遲到了。

____________________________________________________________________isbothering

buying/tobuy

with

Whybotherbeingbothered

Icouldn’tbebotheredtoexplainwhyIwaslatefortheparty.詞匯五sowhat那又怎樣◆教材原句Youknowthatallthosethingsarewrong，butsowhat?你知道這些都是不對(duì)的，但那又怎么樣？◆要點(diǎn)必記Whatif...?如果……怎么辦？Whatfor?為什么？Whyme?為什么是我？Whynot?為什么不呢？Howcome?怎么會(huì)呢？Whocares?（常用于無禮地表示）管它呢，誰管呢？◆單句寫作（1）—MrsBrownwillbeunhappyifyoudon’tgototheget-together.—

（那又怎樣）?Ihatebeingwithher.（2）—Jim，canyouworkthisSunday?—

（為什么是我）?I’vebeenworkingfortwoweeksonend.（3）—［2017·天津卷］MichaelwaslateforMr.Smith’schemistryclassthismorning.—

（怎么會(huì)呢）?AsfarasIknow，henevercame

latetoclass.（4）［2018·天津卷］

（如果……怎么辦）theytalkedalongtimeaboutapaintingyouweren’tthatinterestedin?Sowhat

Whyme

Howcome

Whatif詞匯六takeaction采取行動(dòng)◆教材原句Toinspireyoungpeopletotakeactionfortheenvironment，animalsandtheircommunity，Roots&Shootswasestablished.為了激勵(lì)年輕人行動(dòng)起來保護(hù)環(huán)境、動(dòng)物和社區(qū)，“根與芽”誕生了?！粢c(diǎn)必記takeactionagainst采取行動(dòng)反對(duì)takeactiontodosth.采取行動(dòng)做某事takemeasurestodosth.采取措施做某事takestepstodosth.采取行動(dòng)做某事◆單句語法填空（1）It’stimetotakeaction

therisingcrimerateinourcity.（2）Thelocalgovernmenthastaken

（act）toimproveairquality.（3）Weshouldtakeaction

（protect）thoseendangeredspecies.◆翻譯句子（4）聯(lián)合國(guó)呼吁所有國(guó)家立即采取行動(dòng)。______________________________________________________________against

action

to

protect

The

United

Nations

calls

on

all

the

nations

to

take

action

immediately.詞匯七setup建立；創(chuàng)辦◆教材原句Thisinstitutewassetupintheearly1990sbyDr.JaneGoodall...這個(gè)組織于20世紀(jì)90年代初由珍·古道爾博士創(chuàng)立……◆要點(diǎn)必記setaboutdoingsth.開始/著手做某事 setouttodosth.開始/著手做某事setaside把……放到一旁；留出（錢或時(shí)間） setdown記下，寫下；制定；放下setoff動(dòng)身，出發(fā)；引發(fā)，激起 setout（for）出發(fā)（去），動(dòng)身（去）setfireto點(diǎn)燃 setsb.free釋放某人setanexampleto/for為……樹立榜樣◆一言助記Thefishermanwassetfree.Hesetdownhissuitcase，setupatentandsetfiretosomewoodtogetwarm.Afterhehadsetadateforgoinghome，hesetaboutpreparingtosetoutnextweek.漁夫被釋放了。他放下行李箱，搭了個(gè)帳篷，燒了一些木頭取暖。在確定了回家的日期之后，他開始做準(zhǔn)備下周出發(fā)?！魡尉湔Z法填空（1）Withthehelpofhisuncle，Peterset

acompanyofhisown.（2）Ifwehadset

heraddress，wewouldn’thavehaddifficultyfindingherhouse.（3）Weneedtoset

findingawaytodealwiththeproblem.（4）Theysucceededinwhattheyset

todo.（5）Hedecidedtoset

aschoolforthepoorchildrenfromthemountainvillages.（6）Shesets

abitofmoneyeverymonthforthefutureuse.◆單句寫作（7）RalphW.Emersonwouldalways

（記錄）newideasthatoccurredtohim.(8)Armedwiththeinformationyouhavegathered，youcan

（開始）preparingyourbusinessplan.(9)Aliceisaverynicegirlandreadytohelpothers.Shehas

（為……樹立榜樣）usandweshouldlearnfromher.(10)Oneafternoonthesailors

（出發(fā)）fromthecoastinasmallboatandwerecaughtinastorm.(11)LangLangInternationalMusicFoundation，

（被成立）over10yearsago，hasraisedmillionsofdollarstosupportyoungmusicians.

up

down

about

outup

asidesetdown

setabout

setanexampleto/for

setout/offsetup詞匯八firm（1）adj.堅(jiān)實(shí)的；穩(wěn)固的；確定的；堅(jiān)定的；嚴(yán)格的，嚴(yán)厲的（2）n.公司；商行；事務(wù)所◆教材原句TheorganisationiscalledRoots&Shootsbecauserootsmoveslowlyunderthegroundtomakeafirmfoundation，andshootsseemsmallandweak，buttheycanbreakopenbrickwallstoreachthelight.這個(gè)組織取名“根與芽”，取意根部在地下緩慢延伸以形成堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)，而芽看起來又小又弱，卻可以向著光明沖破磚墻的阻擋?！粢c(diǎn)必記firmbeliefs堅(jiān)定的信仰 afirmbeliever堅(jiān)信者firmevidence可靠的證據(jù) holdafirmbelief擁有堅(jiān)定的信念befirmwithsb.對(duì)某人嚴(yán)厲 takefirmaction采取嚴(yán)厲行動(dòng)afirmhand強(qiáng)硬手段；鐵腕政策◆詞語積累 firmlyadv.堅(jiān)信地；堅(jiān)決地◆單句語法填空（1）I

（firm）believethatwemustactatoncetoputanendtotheconflict.（2）HiscompanyisverybigandhasconnectionswithalotofAmerican

（firm）.◆單句寫作（3）Mymother

（擁有堅(jiān)定的信念）thateducationcanchangeone’sfate.（4）Ifthelocalgovernment

（采取嚴(yán)厲行動(dòng)）atonce，thingswillbecomebettersoon.（5）Hisfather

（對(duì)……嚴(yán)厲）Jackson，sotheydon’tgetalongwellwitheachother.

firmly

firms

holdsafirmbelief

takesfirmactionisfirmwith詞匯九foundationn.基礎(chǔ)；基地◆要點(diǎn)必記laya（firm/solid）foundationfor為……打下（堅(jiān)實(shí)的）基礎(chǔ)foundsth.onsth.=basesth.onsth.把……建立在……的基礎(chǔ)上befoundedon...建立在……的基礎(chǔ)上◆詞語積累foundvt.創(chuàng)建；創(chuàng)辦；建立，創(chuàng)立foundern.創(chuàng)辦者，發(fā)起人◆單句語法填空（1）Earlystudylaidafirm

（found）forhisresearch.（2）Thebusiness，（found）byMrSmith，hassufferedagreatloss.（3）Sheplanstostarta

（found）forhomelesschildrenandwantstobuildacommunitycentreinWaterhouse.◆翻譯句子（4）嚴(yán)格的訓(xùn)練為他的成功奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。

__________________________________________________________________

foundation

founded

foundation

Thestricttraininglaidafirmfoundationforhissuccess.詞匯十a(chǎn)llaroundtheworld全世界◆教材原句Therootsandshootsareyou，yourfriendsandyoungpeopleallaroundtheworld.根和芽就是你、你的朋友和世界各地的年輕人?！粢c(diǎn)必記

allover/around/throughout/acrosstheworld全世界◆單句寫作（1）Inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilmshavebeenproduced___________________________

（全世界）.（2）Theposthassincegainedtheattentionofsocialmediausers_________________________________

（全世界），receivingmorethan184，000sharesand61，500likesinjustthreedays.

allover/around/throughout/acrosstheworld

allaround/over/throughout/acrosstheworld詞匯十一involvevt.參與；包含；需要；牽涉，涉及；專心于◆教材原句Itisbyactingtogether，inthisexcitingway，thatwecaninvolvethousands—millions—ofpeople，andthisiswhatisgoingtochangetheworld.正是通過這種令人激動(dòng)的方式共同行動(dòng)起來，我們可以讓成百上千、甚至千百萬人參與其中，這將改變世界。◆要點(diǎn)必記involvedoingsth.包含/需要做某事 involvesb.insth.把某人牽涉（或牽扯）到某事里be/getinvolvedin/with參加，參與；與……有關(guān) beinvolvedwith與……關(guān)系密切◆詞語積累involvedadj.參與的；有關(guān)聯(lián)的；復(fù)雜難懂的 involvementn.參與；卷入；牽連；投入；沉迷◆誤區(qū)警示

involved作前置定語和后置定語時(shí)意義不同：thepeopleinvolved所涉及的人 aninvolvedplot復(fù)雜的情節(jié)◆單句語法填空（1）［2019·北京卷］Nomatterwhatyouliketodo，thereisawaytoget

（involve）invariousactivitiesonEarthDay.（2）Michellefoundajobasahighschoolteacherwhich

（involve）spendingquitealotoftimewithstudents.（3）Runningyourownbusinessusuallyinvolves

（work）longhours.（4）You’dbetternotbeinvolved

Peter，whoisaddictedtotakingdrugs.（5）Wedidn’trealisehowmuchwork

（involve）inorganisingawedding.◆單句寫作（6）Idon’twantto

（卷入）thequarrelbetweenTomandJack.（7）Tryto

（讓盡可能多的孩子參與）thegame.involved

involves

working

with

wasinvolvedbe/getinvolvedin

involveasmanychildrenaspossiblein詞匯十二makeadifference對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響；有意義◆教材原句Everyindividualmakesadifference.每個(gè)人都會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響。◆要點(diǎn)必記makeabig/greatdifference（to）（對(duì)……）產(chǎn)生很大的影響makeno/littledifference（to）（對(duì)……）無影響；沒關(guān)系makesomedifference（to）（對(duì)……）有些影響/關(guān)系/作用◆單句寫作（1）［2017·北京卷］Hannahisoneofmanyexamplesofyoungpeoplewho_________

（正產(chǎn)生影響）intheworld.（2）Whatshesayswill

（對(duì)……無影響）ourplan.（3）Whatwearedoingnowwill

（對(duì)……產(chǎn)生很大的影響）thechildren’sfuture.aremakingadifference

makenodifferencetomakeabig/greatdifferenceto詞匯十三haveaneffecton對(duì)……有影響◆教材原句Thosepeopledon’tthinktheiractionssuchasleavingthetaprunningwhilebrushingtheirteethcanhavenegativeeffectsontheenvironment.那些人不認(rèn)為他們的行為如刷牙的時(shí)候讓水嘩嘩地流會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。◆要點(diǎn)必記haveabig/great/positive/negative/profoundeffecton對(duì)……有大的/積極的/消極的/深遠(yuǎn)的影響havenoeffecton對(duì)……無影響haveaninfluence/impacton對(duì)……有影響◆歸納拓展bring/oeffect使生效，實(shí)行，實(shí)施 comeintoeffect生效，開始實(shí)施takeeffect開始起作用；生效，開始實(shí)施 ineffect實(shí)際上，事實(shí)上◆單句語法填空（1）Theconferencehasbeenheldtodiscusstheeffectsoftourism

thewildlifeinthisregion.（2）Ahappyhomeenvironmenthas

goodeffectonchildren’sgrowth.（3）Thenewtimetablewillcome

effecttomorrow.◆單句寫作（4）Itishopedthatthebehaviourwill

（對(duì)……有積極的影響）thechildren.（5）Sandstormsusually

（對(duì)……有壞的影響）people’shealth.◆翻譯句子（6）老師的話對(duì)我產(chǎn)生了積極的影響，改變了我的生活態(tài)度。

________________________________________________________________________________

on

a

into

haveapositiveeffecton

haveabadeffecton

Myteacher’swordshadapositiveeffectonmeandchangedmyattitudetowardslife.重點(diǎn)句式句式一make+賓語+賓補(bǔ)◆教材原句Hundredsandthousandsofrootsandshootscansolvetheproblems，changetheworldandmakeitabetterplacetolivein.成千上萬的根和芽能夠解決問題，改變世界，使其更加宜居?！粢c(diǎn)必記◆學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥·make后不接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)；·make后作賓補(bǔ)的不定式不帶to，變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)不定式要帶to；·“makeit+adj./n.+帶to的不定式”中it是形式賓語，帶to的不定式為真正的賓語。◆單句語法填空（1）ThebossmadeMartin

（work）longhours.（2）Bobmadehimself

（understand）tothewaiterbyusingbodylanguage.◆翻譯句子（3）我們讓湯姆當(dāng)班長(zhǎng)。

_______________________________（4）他不停地說話，這讓我發(fā)瘋。

__________________________________________（5）你能讓這臺(tái)舊機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)嗎？

_____________________________________work

understood

WemadeTomourmonitor.Hekepttalking，whichmadememad.

Canyoumaketheoldmachinework?句式二sothat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句◆教材原句Therefore，RootsandShootshopestoinvolvemillionsofyoungpeopleinbuildingasecurefuturesothatwecanliveinpeacewithnature.因此，“根與芽”希望讓數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的年輕人參與建設(shè)一個(gè)安全的未來，以便我們能夠與自然和平共處?！艟涫椒治霰揪渲衧othat引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。sothat還可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。◆誤區(qū)警示·sothat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句：從句時(shí)態(tài)表明動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，且從句中一般不用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，可以用逗號(hào)與主句隔開?！othat引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句：相當(dāng)于inorderthat，從句中常有will，would，can，could，may，might等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表明動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生?！魧懗鼍渲衧othat的意思并指出sothat引導(dǎo)什么狀語從句（1）MrsBrownraisedhervoicesothatallthestudentscouldhearherclearly.________________________（2）MrsBrownraisedhervoicesothatallthestudentsheardherclearly.___________________________◆單句寫作（3）［2018·天津卷］Let’snotpickthesepeachesuntilthisweekend

（以便）theygetsweetenoughtobeeaten.（4）Tonygotupveryearlythismorning

（結(jié)果）hecaughtthefirsttraintoNewYork.◆翻譯句子（5）他把自己的房子變成了一所學(xué)校，以便孩子們能受到教育。

_______________________________________________________________________________________（6）南希沒有為考試做準(zhǔn)備，所以她沒能通過考試。

______________________________________________________________________________________

sothat

以便目的狀語從句結(jié)果結(jié)果狀語從句sothat

Heturnedhishouseintoaschoolsothatchildrencouldgeteducation.

Nancydidn’tprepareforthetestsothatshefailedtopassit.綜合練·提升能力完成“綜合練·提升能力”中的題目單元語法動(dòng)詞-ing和-ed形式要點(diǎn)一動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語◆要點(diǎn)必記（1）表示被修飾詞的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，被修飾詞與現(xiàn)在分詞之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。（2）單個(gè)的現(xiàn)在分詞作定語時(shí)，放在被修飾詞前；現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語時(shí)，則放在被修飾詞后。◆誤區(qū)警示（1）現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）的完成式havingdone一般只用來作狀語，不作定語。（2）過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式和動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式作定語的區(qū)別題組練·領(lǐng)悟方法◆單句語法填空（1）Thegirl

（sing）onthestagenowisourmonitor.（2）Theflowers

（smell）sweetinthegardenattractthevisitorstoenjoythebeautyofnature.（3）Thereisalotofevidence

（show）thatstaringatthecomputerforalongtimedoesharmtooureyes.（4）There’sanotepinnedtothedoor

（say）whentheshopwillopenagain.（5）Lastnight，thereweremillionsofpeople

（watch）theopeningceremonyliveonTV.（6）Susanfeltdullandsheneededtofindsomething

（interest）todo.（7）Theman

（stand）againstthewallisourteacher.(8)Thestadium

（build）atpresentinourcityisintendedforthecomingAsianGames.(9)Thestadium

（build）lastyearinourcityisintendedforthecomingAsianGames.(10)Thestadium

（build）nextyearinourcityisintendedforthecomingAsianGames.singing

smellingshowing

saying

watchinginteresting

standing

beingbuilt

built

tobebuilt要點(diǎn)二動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語◆要點(diǎn)必記（1）動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語，表示主語或所修飾的名詞的某種性質(zhì)和特征，它的主語是物。這類分詞通常可以看作形容詞。（2）作表語用的動(dòng)詞-ing形式，許多是由能夠表示人們的感情或情緒的動(dòng)詞變化而來的。常見的有：exciting，moving，interesting，shocking，frightening，terrifying，inspiring，boring，puzzling，amusing，entertaining，astonishing，surprising，pleasing，disappointing等?！魡尉湔Z法填空（1）Itwas

（surprise）thattheshygirlstoodupandansweredthequestion.（2）Theproblemwhichhemetinthenewschoolisquite

（puzzle）.（3）Thesituationbothathomeandabroadisvery

（inspire）.（4）Thisstoryis

（interest）andfunforthewholefamilytoenjoy，andespeciallycoolforyoungboys.（5）Theresultofthefootballmatchwasso

（disappoint）thatsomefanscouldn’thelpcrying.（6）Thoughnoteveryoneapprovedofthenewdance，sayingitwasalittletoo__________

（shock），thedancedidfindenoughsupporterstomakeitpopular.surprising

puzzling

inspiring

interestingdisappointing

shocking要點(diǎn)三動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語◆要點(diǎn)必記賓語與賓補(bǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。動(dòng)詞-ing形式主要用于以下三類詞后作賓語補(bǔ)足語：（1）位于感官動(dòng)詞（詞組）后：如see，hear，feel，smell，watch，catch，spot，find，listento，lookat，notice，observe等。注意：感官動(dòng)詞see，hear，watch，observe等后跟現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；后跟動(dòng)詞原形作賓補(bǔ)，表示動(dòng)作的全過程。（2）位于使役動(dòng)詞后：如set，keep，have，get，leave等。（3）位于with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中。with+賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞（表示主動(dòng)或正在進(jìn)行）◆單句語法填空（1）WhenIpassedby，Isawastranger

（come）intotheoldbuilding.（2）WhenIwasonmywaytoschoolthismorning，Isawtwowomen

（argue）.（3）Hewasjustabouttositdownwhenhefeltsomething

（move）nearhisfeet.（4）Onthebankoftheriver，wefoundhim

（lie）onabench，withhiseyes

（fix）onakiteinthesky.（5）Istoodonthebridgeandwatchedboats

（pass）by.（6）Theyusecomputerstokeepthetraffic

（run）smoothly.（7）TheheadteachercaughtPeter

（play）withhiscellphoneinclass.◆單句寫作(8)Listeningtomusicathomeisonething，goingto

（聽它被演奏）liveisquiteanother.(9)

（水覆蓋）morethan70%ofitssurface，theearthlookslikeablueball.

coming

arguing

moving

lying

passing

playing

running

hearitbeingperformedfixedWithwatercovering要點(diǎn)四動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語◆要點(diǎn)必記◆學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥有些現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）獨(dú)立存在于句首，沒有邏輯主語，作為句子的獨(dú)立成分來修飾全句，表明說話者的態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)等，被稱為評(píng)論性狀語或評(píng)注性狀語。如：generallyspeaking一般說來roughlyspeaking大致說來franklyspeaking坦白說judgingfrom/by由……判斷considering...考慮到……◆同義句轉(zhuǎn)換（1）Whenshesawthosepictures，sherememberedherchildhood.→

（see）thosepictures，sherememberedherchildhood.（2）Afterwehavemadefullpreparations，wearereadyfortheexamination.→

（make）fullpreparations，wearereadyfortheexamination.（3）Ifyougostraightdowntheroad，youwillfindthedepartmentstore.→

（go）straightdowntheroad，youwillfindthedepartmentstore.（4）Sinceyouweregivensuchagoodchance，howcouldyouletitslipaway?→

suchagoodchance，howcouldyouletitslipaway?Seeing

Havingmade

Going

Havingbeengiven◆單句語法填空（5）

（hear）thenewsthattheywillgoonaspringtour，thechildrenjumpedwithjoy.（6）Not

（know）thecitywell，Igotlostonthewaybacktothehotel.（7）AnearthquakestruckthecityinApril，

（cause）alotofdamagetothehouses.(8)Morriswasseatedinfrontofthecomputer，

（stare）atthedarkscreen.(9)LionelMessi，

（set）therecordforthemostgoalsinacalendaryear，isconsideredthemosttalentedfootballplayerinEurope.(10)Youmustobservelocalcustomsandmannerswhen

（visit）foreigncountries.(11)Generally

（speak），girlsarebetteratlearningforeignlanguagesthanboys.Hearing

knowing

causing

staring

havingsetvisiting

speaking要點(diǎn)五動(dòng)詞-ed形式作定語◆要點(diǎn)必記過去分詞作定語，分為前置和后置兩種情況：（1）前置定語：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)的過去分詞作定語，通常放在被修飾的名詞之前，表示被動(dòng)和完成的意思，此時(shí)過去分詞具有形容詞的特點(diǎn)，側(cè)重永久性的狀態(tài)或特點(diǎn)。thefallenleaves落葉newlyplantedflower新栽的花注意：有些單個(gè)的過去分詞，像left（剩余的），given（被給的），concerned（有關(guān)的），involved（有關(guān)的），習(xí)慣上用作后置定語。standingroomleft所剩的立足之地

thepeopleconcerned有關(guān)人士

thebookgiven給出的書籍有些過去分詞已完全形容詞化了，作前置定語時(shí)，其含義完全不同于同形的作后置定語的過去分詞。I’mgoingtobuysomeusedbooks.（一些舊書）ThebooksusedbyMarystillnewnow.（用過的書）We’llmeetatagiventimeandplace.（固定的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)）Thetimeandplacegiventousaren’tdecidedyet.（被給的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)）（2）后置定語：過去分詞短語作定語時(shí)，通常放在被修飾名詞之后，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句?！魡尉湔Z法填空（1）Therobot

（develop）byaChinesecompanylastweekcantakecareoftheelderlypeople.（2）Aftercompletingit，pleasereturntheformtousinthe

（provide）envelope.（3）The

（puzzle）expressiononhisfacesuggestedthathedidn’tunderstandwhyIhadtoldthesecrettohim.（4）“Things

（lose）nevercomeagain!”Icouldn’thelptalkingtomyself.（5）TsinghuaUniversity，

（found）in1911，ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.（6）Theplayers

（select）fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonourinthissummergame.（7）Canthose

（seat）atthebackoftheclassroomhearme?developed

provided

puzzled

lost

founded

selected

seated

(8)Itisoneofthefunniestthings

（find）ontheInternetsofarthisyear.(9)Thetrees

（blow）downinthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.(10)Wefinishedtheruninlessthanhalfthetime

（allow）.(11)I’mcallingtoenquireabouttheposition

（advertise）inyesterday’sChinaDaily.(12)MrsTang，

（know）asawriter，isgivingusaspeechtomorrowafternoon.(13)Thehigh-speedrailway

（build）lastyearisforthenextOlympicGames.(14)Theconcert

（give）bytheChinesebandlastweekendwasagreatsuccess.(15)Haveyoueverreadthebook

（write）byJ.K.Rowling?(16)The

（shock）lookonhisfaceshowedthathehadn’tknowntheresult.found

blown

allowedadvertised

knownbuilt

given

writtenshocked要點(diǎn)六動(dòng)詞-ed形式作表語◆要點(diǎn)必記過去分詞作表語，表示主語處于某種狀態(tài)。其主語常為人。（1）主要用在系動(dòng)詞be和連系動(dòng)詞look，sound，get，become，smell，taste，stay，remain等后。常見的作表語的過去分詞有：delighted，excited，interested，disappointed，discouraged，puzzled，surprised，shocked，amazed，astonished，confused，amused，tired，bored，satisfied，pleased，married，worried，seated，drunk等。（2）getdonegetdone有兩層含義：·表示某種結(jié)果，如getmarried（結(jié)婚），getchanged（換衣服），getdressed（穿衣服），getlost（迷路），getwashed（洗臉），gettired（累了）等?！け硎颈粍?dòng)關(guān)系，如gethurt/injured/wound（受傷），gettrapped/caughtin（被困在），getpaid（得到報(bào)酬）等?！魡尉湔Z法填空（1）Thechildrenlookedquite

（excite）whentheyheardthenews.（2）Theoldmanremained

（seat）whentheGermansoldierscameinthechurch.（3）Robertgot

（burn），butfortunately，theburnwasnotserious.（4）［2014·福建卷］Forthosewithfamilymembersfaraway，thepersonalcomputerandthephoneareimportantinstaying

（connect）.（5）Wegot

（stick）inatrafficjamandtherefore，wedidn’tarrivethereonschedule.excited

seated

burnt

connected

stuck（6）Aterribleaccidenthappenednearourschoollastnight.Luckily，noonegot_____________

（hurt）.（7）Toouramazement，thousandsofholiday-makersgot

（stick）abroadduetothevolcanicashcloud.◆單句寫作(8)Thepartyisinformal，soyouneedn’t

（換衣服）.(9)Thetwostudents

（迷路）inthewoods.What’sworse，theircellphonesweredead.(10)Hiscar

（被困在）themud，asaresult，hehadtogothereonfoot.

hurt

stuck

getchanged

gotlost

wasstuckin/gottrappedin/gotcaughtin要點(diǎn)七動(dòng)詞-ed形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語◆要點(diǎn)必記一般是及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示被動(dòng)或完成含義，或兩者意義都有。當(dāng)動(dòng)詞的賓語與do之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成時(shí)，需用過去分詞。（1）過去分詞用在感官動(dòng)詞（詞組）see，hear，watch，notice，feel，find，observe，listento后作賓語補(bǔ)足語。（2）過去分詞用在have/get后作賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示兩種含義：（1）讓某人做某事（2）某人遭遇了不幸的事（3）過去分詞用在表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞keep，leave后作賓語補(bǔ)足語。（4）過去分詞用在動(dòng)詞make后作賓語補(bǔ)足語。（5）過去分詞用在want，wish，like，order等后作賓語補(bǔ)足語。（6）過去分詞用在with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中作賓語補(bǔ)足語。◆單句語法填空（1）Whenwegottoschool，wefoundthedoor

（lock）.（2）Hehadhisbike

（repair）thedaybeforeyesterday.（3）Williamhadhisbike

（steal）lastnight.（4）I’msorryI’veleftsomeofyourquestions

（unanswer）.（5）Sheraisedhervoicetomakeherself

（hear）.（6）Hedidn’twanttheproblem

（discuss）atthemoment.（7）Withmywork（finish），Iwenttothelibraryforsomebooks.(8)Martinwaslisteningattentivelytothelecture，withhisattention

（fix）onit.

locked

repaired

stolen

unanswered

hearddiscussed

finished

fixed◆單句寫作(9)Ifyou

（發(fā)現(xiàn)自己受困）inagroupofcomplainersinameetingoratasocialevent，simplychoosesilence.(10)WhenMrGreenwalkedoutofthebank，he

（發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的車不見了）.(11)Theyoungmanstoodinthemiddleoftheroom，

（他的雙手被綁著）behindhisback.(12)Whenwe（看見路被堵）withsnow，wedecidedtospendtheholidayathome.(13)Beforedrivingintothecity，youarerequiredto

（讓人洗車）.