狀語從句之時狀和讓狀

狀語從句狀語時用來修飾詞，詞，詞或

的一種句子成分。它可以表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、比較、方式等。當(dāng)充當(dāng)狀語的部分是一個句子時，也就是狀語從句。分類如下：動形容副句子什么是狀語？狀語從句1.時間狀語從句2.地點狀語從句3.原因狀語從句4.條件狀語從句5.讓步狀語從句6.目的狀語從句7.結(jié)果狀語從句8.方式狀語從句9.比較狀語從句1.時間狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞可分為兩部分．a(chǎn)swhile

whenwheneverbeforeafteruntil(till)sinceassoonaseverytimenexttimethefirst/…timethemomenttheminute/…instantlyimmediatelydirectly

(一…就…)

as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句,可以表達(dá)“正當(dāng)……”，“一邊……一邊……”，“隨著……”等意思。1.表示某事一發(fā)生，另一事立即發(fā)生。

Asthesunrose,thefogdisappeared.2.表示在某事發(fā)生的過程中，另一事發(fā)生。

Justashewasspeakingtherewasaloudexplosion.3.表示兩個動作同時發(fā)生。

Helensangasongasshewashed.4.表示“隨著…..”.常指一個行為是另一個行為的結(jié)果，或一種狀態(tài)隨另一種狀態(tài)變化。句中的動詞多表示狀態(tài)的發(fā)展變化。Asshegrewolder,shebecamemorebeautiful.1.as,while,when的區(qū)別while:持續(xù)性動詞／進(jìn)行時＊現(xiàn)在情況＊將來情況－V一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時＊過去情況e.g.IlikelisteningtomusicwhileIamdoingmyhomework.e.g.—I’mgoingtothepostoffice.--Whileyouarethere,canyougetsomestampsforme?e.g.IhurtmyshouldwhileIwasdoinggym.WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.(while=_______)WhileIreallydon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.(while=_________)Whilethereislife，thereishope.(while=__________)Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.whenalthoughaslongasWhile在句中的不同含義:when:持續(xù)性／非持續(xù)性動詞都可＊當(dāng)……時＊正在……忽然e.g.WhenIfirstsawher,Ifellinlovewithher.---Whendidyougethome?---Itwaseighto’clockwhenIgothome.Theywerewalkingdownthestreetwhentheysawanaccident.2)Iwasabouttogoswimmingwhenourguidestoppedme.＊盡管／雖然／鑒于／如果／屆時／e.g.Hewalkswhenhemighttakeataxi.

TheQueenwillvisitthetowninMay,when

shewillopenthenewhospital.Howcanyouhopeformercyyourselfwhenyoushownone?HowcouldIliveinLosAngeleswhenallmyfavoritepeoplelivehere?雖然屆時如果鑒于,既然

when還有一些較為靈活的翻譯:before引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句◆

before引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，常譯為“在……之前”，表示主句的動作發(fā)生在從句的動作之前。Wecleantheclassroombeforeweleaveschooleveryday.Itwillnotbelongbeforeyouregretforwhatyou’vedone.不久你就會為你的所作所為后悔的。after引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句◆after引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，常譯為“在……之后”，表示主句的動作發(fā)生在從句的動作之后。Afteryouuseplasticbags,youmustn’tthrowthemabout.用過了塑料袋之后，不準(zhǔn)到處亂扔。since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句◆since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，常譯為“自從……”，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時，從句常用一般過去時。例句翻譯：我們自從分手以后一直沒見過面。Wehaven’tseeneachothersinceweparted.常用句型：Ithasbeen(is)+時間段+since從句“自從……有多長時間了”例句翻譯：自從她大學(xué)畢業(yè)已經(jīng)有六年時間了。Ithasbeen(is)sixyearssinceshegraduatedfromtheuniversity.It’s/willbe+一段時間before+一般現(xiàn)在時表示過了多久才It’s/will（not)be+一段時間before+一般現(xiàn)在時表示沒過多久就it’sbeen+一段時間since+一般過去時Itwillbealongtimebeforewemeetagain.ItwillnotbealongtimebeforetheChinabecomeadevelopedcountry.It

20yearssincewefirst

eachother.sawhasbeenuntil/till引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句◆until/till引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，常譯為“直到……時”，表示主句動作發(fā)生在從句之前?！舢?dāng)主句謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞時，主句常用肯定形式。例句：我會待在這里，直到你回來。I’llstayhereuntilyoucomeback.◆當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是非延續(xù)性動詞時,主句常用否定形式。

not…until…“直到……才……”，這時until可用before替換。Hedidn’tgotobeduntilhefinishedhishomework.例句：他直到做完作業(yè)才睡覺。assoonas引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句◆assoonas引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，譯為“一…就…”，表示從句動作一發(fā)生，主句的動作馬上就發(fā)生。例句：他一回來我就告訴他這件事。Iwilltellhimaboutitassoonashecomesback.◆相當(dāng)于assoonas用法的詞或短語還有：immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theminute,theinstant等.I’llgivehimyourmessagetheminutehearrives.DirectlyIhaddoneit,IknewIhadmadeamistake.名詞短語引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句◆themoment,theminute,theinstant,thetime,thehour,theday,bythetime,eachtime,everytime,nexttime,anytime等也可以引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。IthoughtherniceandhonestthefirsttimeIsawher.Bythetimeyouarrived,thelecturehadalreadyended.Bythetimehecomes,wewillalreadyhaveleft.1.

WheneverytimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometohelpme.2.

Atnexttimeyoucome,dorememberbringyoursonhere.3.

ForthefirsttimeImetthegirl.Ifeltinlovewithher.4.

Youarewelcometocomebackatanytimeyouwantto.5.

AtthelasttimeshesawJames,hewaslyinginbed.語法規(guī)則：everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime等名詞短語引導(dǎo)狀語從句不加介詞?？键c:名詞短語引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句其他連詞引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句◆nosooner…than…,hardly/scarcely/barely…when…引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,都相當(dāng)于assoonas,從句用一般過去時，主句用過去完成時。當(dāng)nosooner,hardly/scarcely/barely位于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝。Ihadnosoonerbeguntotalkthanherangoff.NosoonerhadIbeguntotalkthanherangoff.我還未來得及講話，他就掛斷了電話。

Nosoonerhadshegonethanithappened1.IwassofamiliarwithhimthatIrecognizedhisvoice______Ipickedupthephone.A.whileB.afterC.incaseD.theminute2.Howlongdoyouthinkitwilltake_______ourproductbecomespopularwiththeconsumersA.whenB.untilC.beforeD.since3.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.sinceC.AsD.While4.Hewashalfwaythroughhismeal____afamiliarvoicecametohisears.whyB.whereC.whenD.while5.Hardly______intothevillage______itbegantorain.wehadgot;whenB.wegot;thanC.hadwegot;whenD.didweget;than

在復(fù)合句中表示讓步概念的狀語從句被稱為讓步狀語從句。常用引導(dǎo)詞：though,although,evenif,eventhough,nomatter+疑問詞(what/who/where/when/which/how)疑問詞-ever(whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever)特殊引導(dǎo)詞：as(用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝)，

while(一般用在句首)，

whether…or…,whether(…)ornot2.讓步狀語從句though,although◆判斷以下句子是否正確：Althoughheisrich,butheisnothappy.Althoughheisrich,yetheisnothappy.Althoughwehavegrownup,ourparentsstilltreatusaschildren.◆要點歸納：though,although當(dāng)“雖然”講,都不能和but連用.但是他們都可以同yet(still)連用.everif,eventhoughevenif和eventhough表示“”

即使We’llmakeatripeventhoughtheweatherisbad.as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，必須將從句中的、、以及謂語中的

提前至從句句首，作表語的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前如有冠詞，冠詞需

。表語狀語實意動詞省略Thoughheworkshard,hemakeslittleprogress.Hardas/thoughheworks,hemakeslittleprogress.Thoughhewasachild,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.Thoughyoumayobject,I’llgo.Objectasyoumay,I’llgo.whether…or…,whether(…)ornotwhether…or…,whether…ornot表示“不論是否……”，“不管是……還是……”。其引導(dǎo)的從句旨在說明正反兩方面的可能性都不會影響主句的意向或結(jié)果。Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.You’llhavetoattendthepartywhetheryouarefreeorbusy.while

也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管”，語氣比though/although弱。其引導(dǎo)的從句一般位于

。句首例句：我盡管喜歡它的顏色，但不喜歡它的形狀。WhileIlikeitscolor,Idon’tlikeitsshape.nomatter+疑問詞疑問詞-everNomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.替換：nomatterwhat=whatever

nomatterwho=whoever

nomatterwhen=whenever

nomatterwhere=wherever

nomatterwhich=whichever

nomatterhow=however判斷正誤：Nomatterwhatyousayisofnousenow.Whateveryousayisofnousenow.歸納：nomatter+疑問