狀語從句精講精練課件

TheAdverbialClause狀語從句定義：在復合句中由從句表示的狀語稱作狀語從句，來說明一件事情發(fā)生的時間,地點,原因,條件,結果等.它可以用來修飾謂語（包括非謂語動詞）、定語或狀語，或是整個句子。

1、時間狀語從句2、地點狀語從句3、原因狀語從句4、目的狀語從句5、結果狀語從句6、條件狀語從句7、方式狀語從句8、讓步狀語從句9、比較狀語從句一時間狀語從句連接詞while,when,as,whenever,before,after,since,till,until,once,assoonas,nosooner…than,hardly/scarcely/barely…when,

themoment,thesecond,theinstant,

everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirst/lasttime,bythetimedirectly,immediately,instantly等

１.when/wheneverWhenIcameintotheroom,hewaswritingaletter.當我進屋時，他正在寫信。Weshallgotherewheneverwearefree.我們什么時間有空，我們就去那里。2.when/while/asWhen既可指某一點時間,也可指一段時間;Whenhereturned,hiswifewascooking.while指“在某一段時間里”，“在…期間”，引導的動作必須是持續(xù)性的;Whilehewasreading,hiswifewascooking.as強調主句和從句的動作同時發(fā)生。,翻譯成”一邊……一邊……”Ashewasreading,hewaslisteningtotheradio.注意:when/while都可以做并列連詞,連接并列句,when表示

“就在這時”和

“wasdoing”,“hadjustdone”和

“wasabouttodo”連用;while則表示轉折“然而”Iwaswalkinginthestreetwhensuddenlysomeonepattedmeontheshoulderfrombehind.Myfatherwascookingwhilemymotherwasplayingcards.3.“一……就……”Assoonas

IarriveinShanghai,I’llwritetoyou.upon/on+arriving

Immediately+句子The+時間名詞(minute/moment

……)+句子hardly…whennosooner…than4.連接詞before\since的小結：一、含義1．Wehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland.2．Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.3．Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.4．BeforeIcouldgetinaword,hehadmeasuredme.

“……才”“不到……就”“趁……”“還沒來得及”二．Before從句中謂語不用否定式。如：

Beforetheyreachedthestation,thetrainhadgone.

三．1）句型Itwillbe/was＋段時間＋before…“過多久才……”

如：Itwillbetwoyearsbeforeheleavesthecountry.2）句型Itwillbe/wasnot＋一段時間＋before…“沒多久就……”

如：Itwasn’ttwoyearsbeforeheleftthecountry.

3）句型Itis＋段時間＋since…時間的計算一律從since從句的動作完成或狀態(tài)結束時算起。如：

Itisthreeyearssinceshewasinthearmy.Itisthreeyearssinceshejoinedthearmy.延續(xù)性動詞:反過來翻譯短暫性動詞:直譯5till/until

Wewaitedtill(until)hecameback.我們一直等到他回來。 Shedidn’tstopworkinguntileleveno’clock.她到11點鐘才停止工作。如主句動詞是延續(xù)性動作，常用肯定式，表示“直到…為止”;如主句動詞是瞬間動詞，常用否定式，表示“直到…才”Notuntil句型與強調句型結合Ididn’tgotosleepuntilhecameback.與倒裝句式結合ItwasnotuntilhecamebackthatIwenttosleep.NotuntilhecamebackdidIgotosleep.二地點狀語從句(where,everywhere,anywhere)Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者，事竟成。Youarefreetogowhereveryoulike.你可以隨意到你喜歡的任何地方去。where與wherever意義基本相同，但后者語氣較強，多用于書面語。Anywherehetraveled,hewasimpressedbythefriendlinessofthepeople.Where到底引導的是地點狀語從句還是定語從句？

1.TheWinterOlympicGamesarealwaysheldwherethereisplentyofsnow.()2.TheWinterOlympicGamesarealwaysheldinthecountrieswherethereisplentyofsnow.()地點狀語從句定語從句三原因狀語從句語氣（強到弱)意義用法詞性位置because因為強調未知原因回答why,2.強調句中3.與not連用4.only,simply,just5后不可再用so從屬連詞前,后since\nowthat既然表示已知、顯然的從屬連詞常前as由于表示已知、顯然的從屬連詞前,后for因為解釋說明，常用于推斷并列連詞后其他連接詞還有

considering(that)考慮到

seeing(that)既然

inthat

在…方面/因為

1.Hedistrustedme___________Iwasnew.2.__________youaregoing,Iwillgo,too.3.__________it’sraining,you’dbettertakeataxi.4.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,___________thegroundiswet.5._________youhavecome,youmayaswellstay.6.__________herefusedtohelpus,thereisnoreasonwhyweshouldnowhelphim.7.Ilikethecity,butIlikethecountrybetter___________Ihavemorefriendsinthecountry.becauseSinceAsforNowthatSeeingthatinthat四條件狀語從句連接詞：If(如果),unless(除非)(if---not),

aslongas,solongas,onconditionthat,(只要)suppose/supposing(that),provided/providing(that),(假如)onlyif(只要),incase(萬一),given(thefact)that……(倘若考慮到…)注意點：1.分清真實條件句和非真實條件句，非真實條件句中要用虛擬語氣IfIwereyou,Iwouldaskthepoliceforhelp.

2.條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來時練習1.Shorthairstylesmakethefacelooklonger,especially___________therearecurlsonthetop.2.Lifecontinues___________thedamagedonetothebodyistoosevere.3.Thereishope__________lifecontinues.4.I’llcome______________Johnisinvited,too.5.________thematchiscancelled,whatcanwedofortheweekend?ifunlessaslongasIncaseonconditionthat在條件狀語從句和結果狀語從句中,表示與事實相反的條件和結果。If從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實不符與過去事實不符與將來事實不符過去時didbe動詞用were過去完成時haddone過去時did/shoulddo/weretodowould/should/could/might+dowould/should/could/might+havedonewould/should/could/might+do(五)結果狀語從句sothat,so…that,such…that

(六)目的狀語從句sothat,such…that,inorder

that,

lest(以免),incase

和forfearthat(以防)區(qū)分sothat引導的是目的狀語從句（有might,may,can,could,should等情態(tài)動詞）還是結果狀語從句e.g.1)Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.()2)Hegotonthetrainlatesothathefoundalltheseatsoccupied.()目的狀語從句結果狀語從句(七)方式狀語從句

可用虛擬asif,asthough,(好象.仿佛)as(像,猶如,正如…,theway…）

(just)as…so

正如…1．Itlooks_______itisgoingtorain.2.Thechildtalks_________hewereaman.3.Iwantyoutotellthemyourexperienceexactlyasyouhavetoldittome.4.theway(that/inwhich)…e.g.Payattentiontoyourtablemanners.Idon’tlikethewayyoueatsoup.asifasif5.e.g.Aswateristofish,soairistomen.

八讓步狀語從句though,although,as,while,evenif,eventhough,wh-ever,nomatter+wh-,whether…or…（不管/不論…還是）,

inspiteof/despite(thefactthat）

Whetherthelanguageislearnedquicklyorslowly,itishardwork.Somethinginsideyourbodyisalwaysgoingonwhetheryouareawareofitornot.1.though,although,as和while引導的讓步狀語從句注意點

1)．不能用but，但可以用still,yet,nevertheless2).though能與even連用，但although不可以3)．Though引導的讓步狀語從句可順裝也可倒裝Although只可以順裝as只能倒裝e.g.Cleverthough/asheis,hecan’tlearnalanguageinaweek.=Although/Thoughheisclever,…4).while用法同although,但while只能放于句首，且不可以倒裝。2.nomatterwh-與wh-ever的聯(lián)系及區(qū)別：nomatterwh-

只引導讓步狀語從句，此時與wh-ever通用。如:Nomatterwhen/Wheneverhecomesback,heshouldbeinvitedtotheparty.wh-ever又可引導名詞性從句，Nomatterwh-不能。如：WhateverIcandoforyouwillbenothingbutpayingadebt.Whoevercanhelpuswillbewelcome.

九.比較狀語從句as…as,notso…as,thesameassuch…as,than,themore…themore…1).HeistallerthanI(am)/me.2).Shelikespopasmuchashe(does)/him.3)Themoreamanlearns,themoreheseeshisignorance.4)Thehigherthetreeis,thestrongerthewindis.1.倍數表達法他們的房子是我們的兩倍.Theirroomistwicebiggerthanours.Theirroomistwiceasbigasours.Theirroomistwicethesizeofours.2.比較狀語從句中避免重復1)．than引導的從句中常省略與主句相同的部分e.g.BillistallerthanBob(is).2).用do代替e